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"Having a sinuous pallial margin and consequent sinuous impression on the shell along the line of attachment of the mantle. Into the sinus thus formed the siphons, which are always developed in these bivalves, can more or less be withdrawn." —Whitney, 1889

Iphigenia Brasiliensis - Sinupalliate Right Valve

"Having a sinuous pallial margin and consequent sinuous impression on the shell along the line of attachment…

"Small additional valves, as those placed near the umbones of the Genus Pholas among mollusks."-Whitney, 1902

Accessory Valve

"Small additional valves, as those placed near the umbones of the Genus Pholas among mollusks."-Whitney,…

"A genus of mollusks, of the familiy bullidæ or Tornatellidæ, belonging to the tectibranchiate division of opisthobranchiate."-Whitney, 1902

Acera

"A genus of mollusks, of the familiy bullidæ or Tornatellidæ, belonging to the tectibranchiate…

"A genus of bivalve mollusks, of the family Uniondæ, found in the rivers of Africa and Madagascar."-Whitney, 1902

Aetheria semilunata

"A genus of bivalve mollusks, of the family Uniondæ, found in the rivers of Africa and Madagascar."-Whitney,…

A hand grenade is a small hand-held anti-personnel weapon designed to be thrown and then explode after a short time. The word "grenade" is derived from the French grenade, meaning pomegranate, so named because its shrapnel pellets reminded soldiers of the seeds of this fruit. Grenadiers were originally soldiers who specialized in throwing grenades.

American Grenades

A hand grenade is a small hand-held anti-personnel weapon designed to be thrown and then explode after…

An illustration of an Ammon's Horn shell, a fossil shell, curved like a ram's horn. A name previously used to classify ammonites.

Ammon's Horn (Shell)

An illustration of an Ammon's Horn shell, a fossil shell, curved like a ram's horn. A name previously…

"Ammonite is the name for a large genus of fossil chambered shells."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ammonite

"Ammonite is the name for a large genus of fossil chambered shells."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart,…

"Ammonite is the name for a large genus of fossil chambered shells."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ammonite

"Ammonite is the name for a large genus of fossil chambered shells."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart,…

"Ammonites obtusus." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Ammonite

"Ammonites obtusus." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

"Ammonites nodosus." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Ammonite

"Ammonites nodosus." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Ammonite, side view. Where the shell has been partly worn away near the aperture, the complex "suture line" is shown.

Ammonite

Ammonite, side view. Where the shell has been partly worn away near the aperture, the complex "suture…

"Goniatites henslowi. GONIOTITES. A genus of fossil ammonites, giving name to the family Goniatitidae, having a discoid shell with angulated lobed sutures." -Whitney, 1911

Ammonoid

"Goniatites henslowi. GONIOTITES. A genus of fossil ammonites, giving name to the family Goniatitidae,…

A common plicated shell of the Atlantic coast.

Arca Transversa

A common plicated shell of the Atlantic coast.

"Armor-piercing shells are projectiles so constructed as to bore through the metallic plates with which modern ships of war are coated."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Armor-Piercing Shell

"Armor-piercing shells are projectiles so constructed as to bore through the metallic plates with which…

"Armor-piercing shells are projectiles so constructed as to bore through the metallic plates with which modern ships of war are coated."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Armor-Piercing Shell

"Armor-piercing shells are projectiles so constructed as to bore through the metallic plates with which…

"Astarte sulcata; In some systems of zoological classification, a family of dimyarian bi-valves, an external ligament, cardinal teeth, and also lateral teeth on each valve, the pallial line entire, the muscular scars ovate, and a distinct pedal scar above the anterior muscular one."-Whitney, 1902.

Astarte sulcata

"Astarte sulcata; In some systems of zoological classification, a family of dimyarian bi-valves, an…

"Astarte borealis semisulcata. p,p', anterior and posterior pedal muscle."-Whitney, 1902.

Astarte sulcata

"Astarte borealis semisulcata. p,p', anterior and posterior pedal muscle."-Whitney, 1902.

"A ball-bearing hub with outward cups. The hub-shell H is turned out of mild steel, and the cups C are forced into the ends of the hub-shell and soldered thereto. A thin washer W is then spun into the end, for the purpose of retaining oil, and a thin internal tube T unites the two cups, and guides the oil fed in at the middle of the hub to the balls. The projecting flanges S are for the attachment of the tangent spokes used to build the hub into the wheel. The spindle A has the two cones screwed on it, one C, against the shoulder, the other C, adjustable. The-spindle ends are passed through the back-fork ends and are there adjusted in position by the chain-tension adjusters. After adjustments the nuts N clamp the spindle securely between the fork-ends. The chain-wheel or free-wheel clutch is screwed on the end of the hub-shell with a right-hand thread." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Ball-bearing Hub

"A ball-bearing hub with outward cups. The hub-shell H is turned out of mild steel, and the cups C are…

A sharp barnacle, usually found in the ocean.

Barnacle

A sharp barnacle, usually found in the ocean.

"Bivalves are those mollusks whose coverings consist of two concave shelly plates or valves united by a hinge."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Bivalve

"Bivalves are those mollusks whose coverings consist of two concave shelly plates or valves united by…

An illustration of a 40 pound mortar stick bomb shell. The shell have three wings, or vanes, around the shell to travel a long distance.

40 Pound Mortar Stick Bomb Shell

An illustration of a 40 pound mortar stick bomb shell. The shell have three wings, or vanes, around…

An illustration of an early 99 lb. stick bomb used in a mortar. This bomb had vanes, or wings, around the shell to travel further.

99 Pounds Mortar Stick Bomb Shell

An illustration of an early 99 lb. stick bomb used in a mortar. This bomb had vanes, or wings, around…

A Paleozoic brachiopod shell partly broken to show the internal spiral arm-supports. Mississippian limestones. Note the symmetrical character of the shell with reference to a median line drawn through the apex of beak.

Brachiopod

A Paleozoic brachiopod shell partly broken to show the internal spiral arm-supports. Mississippian limestones.…

"The <em>buccina</em> is curved for the convenience of the performer, with a very wide mouth, to diffuse and increase the sound." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Curved buccina

"The buccina is curved for the convenience of the performer, with a very wide mouth, to diffuse…

"A copy of an ancient sculpture taken from Blanchini's work, it still retains the original form of the shell." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Straight buccina

"A copy of an ancient sculpture taken from Blanchini's work, it still retains the original form of the…

A modern shell-bearing pteropod.

Cavolina Tridentata

A modern shell-bearing pteropod.

A simple straight-shelled cephalopod. Where the shell has been removed, the straight sutures are shown.

Cephalopod

A simple straight-shelled cephalopod. Where the shell has been removed, the straight sutures are shown.

"Chelys, from a vase in the British Museum, where also are fragments of such an instrument, the back of which is of shell." &mdash;The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Chelys

"Chelys, from a vase in the British Museum, where also are fragments of such an instrument, the back…

They differ from all other mollusks in having a bilaterally symmetrical covered with a number of seperate overlapping plates or valves, thus exhibiting the nearest approach to the vermiform or articulated type of structure.

Chitonidæ

They differ from all other mollusks in having a bilaterally symmetrical covered with a number of seperate…

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Chrysalidina gradata. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Chrysalidina Gradata

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Chrysalidina gradata. These shells are mostly very small,…

A genus of siphonate bivalves.

Circe

A genus of siphonate bivalves.

a - foot; b,c - siphons

Clam

a - foot; b,c - siphons

Right valve of a clam.

Clam

Right valve of a clam.

A type of shell.

Clymenia

A type of shell.

A family of irregular sea urchins, flattened into a discoidal or shield like shape, with a mouth central and furnished with a masticatory apparatus.

Clypeastrid

A family of irregular sea urchins, flattened into a discoidal or shield like shape, with a mouth central…

An illustration of a hermit crab in a shell.

Hermit Crab

An illustration of a hermit crab in a shell.

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Cuneolina pavonia. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Cuneolina Pavonia

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Cuneolina pavonia. These shells are mostly very small,…

A mollusk radiate from the Paleozoic time, Cyclonema cancellata from the Clinton group.

Cyclonema Mollusk

A mollusk radiate from the Paleozoic time, Cyclonema cancellata from the Clinton group.

"Dentalium: B, the shell of Dentalium Entalis, broken longitudinally, showing the animal in a contracted state. C, the shell, showing the animal advancing out; a and b, the foot, the lobes of which are developed in the form of a corolla; c, a part of the collar of the mantle. E, the animal, magnified, extricated from the shell, with them antle slit along the dorsal and medial line, detached in part from its posterior insertion, and turned aside so as to show the parts enclosed; a, the extremity of the foot, which closes the aperture j, of the collar lm, of the mantle nop; bb, lobes of the fot; c, the foot itself, presenting a depression or a channel, running its whole length; d, the head; e, the cerebral ganglion; f, f, the two sides of the mouth; g, g, the membranes which support the branchiae; gg, ii, the branchiae; pp, qq, the retractor muscles; s, the muscle of insertion; t, the expanded posterior extremity, in which is situated the vent." &mdash; Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Dentalium

"Dentalium: B, the shell of Dentalium Entalis, broken longitudinally, showing the animal in a contracted…

"In these, which are called <em>Ear-Shells</em>, the animal has a shrt muzzle and two branchial plumes; the shell has a spiral conformation, and the perforations for the anal siphon are arranged in a row along the back of the shell." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Ear-shell

"In these, which are called Ear-Shells, the animal has a shrt muzzle and two branchial plumes;…

The internal workings of the English Mills No. 5 hand grenade.

English Grenade

The internal workings of the English Mills No. 5 hand grenade.

"ESCALOP. The shell of a sea-fish, used to decorate the palmers on their way to and from Palestine; frequently used as a charge in Heraldry." -Hall, 1862

Escalop

"ESCALOP. The shell of a sea-fish, used to decorate the palmers on their way to and from Palestine;…

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Flabellina rugosa. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Flabellina rugosa

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Flabellina rugosa. These shells are mostly very small,…

This grenade consists of three parts: (1) a lemon-shaped, serrated, cast iron body; (2) a special igniter the body of which is a hollow piece of wood fixed in the collar of the grenade by three wooden pins; (3) the charge.

French Grenade (C.F.)

This grenade consists of three parts: (1) a lemon-shaped, serrated, cast iron body; (2) a special igniter…

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Frondicularia Annularis. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Frondicularia Annularis

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Frondicularia Annularis. These shells are mostly very small,…

Fu'sus is a genus of gastropods, which are allied to the British whelk and American conch, and which include, in F. colosseus, perhaps the largest living gastropod. The shell is fusiform, with a many-whorled spire and a long, straight canal. One species, F. antiguus, is dredged in the seas about Great Britain to be sold in the London markets as food.

Fu'sus

Fu'sus is a genus of gastropods, which are allied to the British whelk and American conch, and which…

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Fusulina cylindrica. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Fusulina Cylindrica

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Fusulina cylindrica. These shells are mostly very small,…

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Fusulina cylindrica. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Fusulina Cylindrica

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Fusulina cylindrica. These shells are mostly very small,…

"Dorsal View of Gastrochaena. The ventral view shows the dried mantle with pedal perforation." -Whitney, 1911

Dorsal View of Gastrochaena

"Dorsal View of Gastrochaena. The ventral view shows the dried mantle with pedal perforation." -Whitney,…

"Lateral View of Gastrochaena. The ventral view shows the dried mantle with pedal perforation." -Whitney, 1911

Lateral View of Gastrochaena

"Lateral View of Gastrochaena. The ventral view shows the dried mantle with pedal perforation." -Whitney,…

"Ventral View of Gastrochaena. The ventral view shows the dried mantle with pedal perforation." -Whitney, 1911

Ventral View of Gastrochaena

"Ventral View of Gastrochaena. The ventral view shows the dried mantle with pedal perforation." -Whitney,…

The shell of Anchura (Drepancheilus) Americana, a species of gastropod.

Anchura Gastropod

The shell of Anchura (Drepancheilus) Americana, a species of gastropod.

The exterior of the shell of Bulla speciosa, a species of gastropod.

Exterior of Bulla Gastropod

The exterior of the shell of Bulla speciosa, a species of gastropod.

The interior of the shell of Bulla speciosa, a species of gastropod.

Interior of Bulla Gastropod

The interior of the shell of Bulla speciosa, a species of gastropod.

The shell of Fasciolario buccinoides, a species of gastropod.

Fasciolario Gastropod

The shell of Fasciolario buccinoides, a species of gastropod.

The shell of Pyrifusus Newberryi, a species of gastropod.

Pyrifusus Gastropod

The shell of Pyrifusus Newberryi, a species of gastropod.

Fisherman turned sea-god

Glaucus

Fisherman turned sea-god

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Globigerina rubra. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Globigerina Rubra

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Globigerina rubra. These shells are mostly very small,…

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Grammostomum phyllodes. These shells are mostly very small, and yet through their abundance they have been very important in limestone-making.

Grammostomum Phyllodes

This illustration shows the calcareous shell Grammostomum phyllodes. These shells are mostly very small,…

"The Giant Clam, <em>Tridacna gigas</em>, is the largest of known shell-fish, the two valves sometimes weighing five hundred pounds, and the animal from twenty to thirty pounds. It is found along the shores of the Polynesian and Asiatic Islands, where the flesh is eaten raw by the natives." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Shells of the great clam

"The Giant Clam, Tridacna gigas, is the largest of known shell-fish, the two valves sometimes…