The flat spiral of an ammonite shell.

Ammonites Bifrons

The flat spiral of an ammonite shell.

The evolute spiral angle is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea.

Evolute Spiral Angles

The evolute spiral angle is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea.

The evolute spiral angle is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea.

Evolute Spiral Angles

The evolute spiral angle is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea.

This illustration shows a bandage wrapped firmly around an ankle.

Ankle Bandage

This illustration shows a bandage wrapped firmly around an ankle.

"Divide the circumference into a number of equal parts, drawing the radii and numbering the points. Divide the radius No. 1 into the same number of equal parts, numbering from the center. With C as center draw concentric arcs intersecting the radii of corresponding numbers, and draw a smooth curve through these intersections." —French, 1911

Draw Spiral of Archimedes

"Divide the circumference into a number of equal parts, drawing the radii and numbering the points.…

"A form of balance in which the weight of the body under examination is measured by the stretching (torsion) of an elastic wire in the form of a long spiral. A common use of the simple form of spiral balance is in determining the specific gravity of small fragments of minerals, which for this purpose are weighed first in the upper pan and then in that below, which is immersed in water." —Whitney, 1889

Spiral Balance

"A form of balance in which the weight of the body under examination is measured by the stretching (torsion)…

A tool used for boring holes in metal, stone, wood, or an other hard substance.

Drill Bit

A tool used for boring holes in metal, stone, wood, or an other hard substance.

The evolute spiral border is a wavelike pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. Designed by Sebastian Serlio during the 16th century. The interstices (small opening) between the lines is decorated with leaves and flower buds.

Evolute Spiral Border

The evolute spiral border is a wavelike pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. Designed by Sebastian…

The evolute spiral central junction is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea.

Evolute Spiral Central Junction

The evolute spiral central junction is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea.

"The Chica Ballapura engine consists of two upright rollers, A, the heads of which are formed into double spiral screws, B, which work in one another, so that when an ox is yoked to the long curved lever C, and goes round, one of the upright rollers, being connected with the lever, is made to revolve, and its screw carries the other one round but in the opposite direction." — Chambers, 1881

Chica Ballapure Engine

"The Chica Ballapura engine consists of two upright rollers, A, the heads of which are formed into double…

"Spiral Form of the Bacteria found in Cholera." — Blaisedell, 1904

Cholera

"Spiral Form of the Bacteria found in Cholera." — Blaisedell, 1904

a conductor, as a copper wire, wound up in a spiral or other form.

Spiral Conducting Coil

a conductor, as a copper wire, wound up in a spiral or other form.

"Column with spiral ornament from Persepolis." —D'Anvers, 1895

Column

"Column with spiral ornament from Persepolis." —D'Anvers, 1895

An illustration of an anti-friction conveyor

Anti-Friction Conveyor

An illustration of an anti-friction conveyor

"Since these curves are not closed, one pair cannot be used for continuous motion; but a pair of such curves may be well adapted to sectional wheels requiring a varying angular velocity." This figure shows an example of the process.

Motion of Open Curves

"Since these curves are not closed, one pair cannot be used for continuous motion; but a pair of such…

"Cast or mold of the interior of the left ventricle of the heart of a deer. Shows that the left ventricular cavity in conical and spiral in its nature."—Pettigrew, 1874

Heart of a Deer

"Cast or mold of the interior of the left ventricle of the heart of a deer. Shows that the left ventricular…

F, fixed coil; D, movable coil; S, spiral spring; T, Torsion head; MM, Mercury cups; I, Index needle.

Siemens Electrodynamometer

F, fixed coil; D, movable coil; S, spiral spring; T, Torsion head; MM, Mercury cups; I, Index needle.

Illustration of 16 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at equal intervals of 22.5°. The ellipses are externally tangent to the circle in which they are inscribed.

16 Rotated Concentric Ellipses

Illustration of 16 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at equal intervals…

Illustration of 2 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at 90°. The ellipses are externally tangent to the circle in which they are inscribed.

2 Rotated Concentric Ellipses

Illustration of 2 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at 90°. The ellipses…

Illustration of 4 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at equal intervals of 45°. The ellipses are externally tangent to the circle in which they are inscribed.

4 Rotated Concentric Ellipses

Illustration of 4 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at equal intervals…

Illustration of 8 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at equal intervals of 22.5°. The ellipses are externally tangent to the circle in which they are inscribed.

8 Rotated Concentric Ellipses

Illustration of 8 concentric congruent ellipses that are rotated about the center at equal intervals…

The circular evolute spiral is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. It is a round circular panel.

Circular Evolute Spiral

The circular evolute spiral is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. It is a round circular…

Also called a parabolic spiral, it is a type of Archimedean Spiral. A spiral is defined as "a plane curve which runs continuously round and round, a fixed point, called the center, with constantly increasing radius vector, so that the latter is never normal to the curve; also, a part of such a curve in the course of which the radius from the center describes 360 degrees." —Whitney, 1889

Fermat's Spiral

Also called a parabolic spiral, it is a type of Archimedean Spiral. A spiral is defined as "a plane…

"Transverse section of a closed fibro-vascular bundle. r, annular vessel; s, spiral vessel; I, inter-cellular canal; g, pitted vessel; v, cambiform tissue which has become permanent. Between v and s are reticulated vessels. p, surrounding parenchyms. Outer cells a of the bundle are parenchymatous, i marks the inner side of the bundle." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Fibro-vascular Bundle

"Transverse section of a closed fibro-vascular bundle. r, annular vessel; s, spiral vessel; I, inter-cellular…

The evolute spiral frieze is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Its interstices (small openings) between the lines is decorates with leaves and flower buds. This design is found in the Otto-Heinrich building of Heidelberg Castle in Germany.

Evolute Spiral Frieze

The evolute spiral frieze is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Its interstices (small…

"A griffin having the uppet part of the body of an eagle and the lower parts of a lion, with wings decorated with spirals, are among the more remarkable examples of perforated ornaments for attachment to the clothing." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Griffin Pendent

"A griffin having the uppet part of the body of an eagle and the lower parts of a lion, with wings decorated…

A spirally coiled horn from Virgil's works.

Spirally Coiled Horn

A spirally coiled horn from Virgil's works.

This illustration shows a bandage wrapped firmly around a leg.

Leg Bandage

This illustration shows a bandage wrapped firmly around a leg.

Illustration showing how a rolling logarithmic spiral can be constructed by taking successive values of theta, starting from oc. The values of r can be calculated and then the curve can be plotted.

Construction of Logarithmic Spiral

Illustration showing how a rolling logarithmic spiral can be constructed by taking successive values…

Illustration showing the rolling of two logarithmic spirals of equal obliquity.

Rolling of Logarithmic Spirals

Illustration showing the rolling of two logarithmic spirals of equal obliquity.

The lotus flower was often conbined with spirals to form all-over patterns

Lotus Flower Pattern

The lotus flower was often conbined with spirals to form all-over patterns

Mexican bowl with spirals and zigzags sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Bowl

Mexican bowl with spirals and zigzags sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

The evolute spiral modern border is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea.

Evolute Spiral Modern Border

The evolute spiral modern border is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea.

The evolute spiral painting is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Designed during the Italian Renaissance, it was found in a palace in Italy.

Evolute Spiral Painting

The evolute spiral painting is a wavelike pattern that mimics the waves of the sea. Designed during…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was used on the borders of antique vessels.

Evolute Spiral Paintings

The evolute spiral paintings is a wave pattern that mimics the wave of the sea. In this design it was…

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has a leaf and floral design, then it volutes with a spiral scroll like ornaments on the sides. It is found in the temple of Mars in Rome.

Roman-Corinthian Pilaster Capital

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has a leaf and floral design, then it volutes with a spiral scroll…

The Greek-Corinthian pilaster capital has a palmette leaf design with spiral scroll like ornaments on each side.

Greek-Corinthian Pilaster Capital

The Greek-Corinthian pilaster capital has a palmette leaf design with spiral scroll like ornaments on…

The Greek-ionic pilaster capital is more of an antique style that has spiral scroll like ornaments.

Greek-Ionic Pilaster Capital

The Greek-ionic pilaster capital is more of an antique style that has spiral scroll like ornaments.

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has an egg-and-dart moulding that runs along the bottom, then it volutes with a spiral scroll like ornaments on the sides.

Roman-Corinthian Pilaster Capital

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has an egg-and-dart moulding that runs along the bottom, then…

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has an egg-and-dart moulding that runs along the bottom, then it volutes with a spiral scroll like ornaments on the sides.

Roman-Corinthian Pilaster Capital

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has an egg-and-dart moulding that runs along the bottom, then…

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has a leaf and floral design, then it volutes with a spiral scroll like ornaments on the sides.

Roman-Corinthian Pilaster Capital

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has a leaf and floral design, then it volutes with a spiral scroll…

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has a leaf and floral design, then it volutes with a spiral scroll like ornaments on the sides. It is found in the temple of Pantheon in Rome.

Roman-Corinthian Pilaster Capital

The Roman-Corinthian pilaster capital has a leaf and floral design, then it volutes with a spiral scroll…

A line moves in a plane and it therefore envelopes a plane curve.

Plane Curve

A line moves in a plane and it therefore envelopes a plane curve.

"Putting on a spiral bandage." —Davison, 1910

Putting on a spiral bandage

"Putting on a spiral bandage." —Davison, 1910

Righthand spiral gears

Righthand Spiral Gears

Righthand spiral gears

"A screw is a cylinder, generally made of wood or metal, with a spiral ridge (the thread) winding about its circumfrence. The thread works in a nut, withihn which there is a corresponding spiral groove to receive the thread." -Avery 1895

Screw press

"A screw is a cylinder, generally made of wood or metal, with a spiral ridge (the thread) winding about…

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding through the hull of a vessel at the stern. It consists of a number of spiral metal blades either cast together in one piece or bolted to a hub... D, diagrammatic view of hull of a screw propeller ship, in which k shows position of boilers; l, the engines; f, propeller shaft; e, thrust block; g, propeller." —Whitney, 1889

Screw Propeller Ship, Diagrammatic View of the Hull

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding…

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding through the hull of a vessel at the stern. It consists of a number of spiral metal blades either cast together in one piece or bolted to a hub... C, cross section of blade, on larger scale." -Whitney, 1889

Screw Propeller, Cross Section of a Blade

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding…

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding through the hull of a vessel at the stern. It consists of a number of spiral metal blades either cast together in one piece or bolted to a hub. A. sectional elevation, the section being through shaft and hub, showing method of attaching blades h by bolts i." —Whitney, 1889

Screw Propeller, Sectional Elevation

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding…

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding through the hull of a vessel at the stern. It consists of a number of spiral metal blades either cast together in one piece or bolted to a hub. Side elevation." —Whitney, 1889

Screw Propeller, Side Elevation

"A propeller acting on the principle of the screw, attached to the exterior end of a shaft protruding…

A sea shell.

Shell

A sea shell.

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Spiral

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Illustration of spiral.

Spiral

Illustration of spiral.

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Spiral

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Spiral

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Illustration of spiral.

Spiral

Illustration of spiral.

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.

Spiral

Illustration of spiral with unequally spaced intervals.