ClipArt ETC
The frame work of a Pennsylvanian barn.

The Pennsylvanian barn frame work

The frame work of a Pennsylvanian barn.

The frame work of a Pennsylvanian barn.

The Pennsylvanian barn frame work

The frame work of a Pennsylvanian barn.

"Other species, which also bore into timber in their larva state, are well known by the name of <em>Death-watch - Anobium -</em> from their habit of knocking with their jaws against the wood-work upon which they are standing, this being the call of the insect to its mate." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Deathwatch Beetles

"Other species, which also bore into timber in their larva state, are well known by the name of Death-watch…

Fortification constructed of timber, muskets and cann0n fire from within.

Blockhouse

Fortification constructed of timber, muskets and cann0n fire from within.

"Colony of Bougainvillea fruticosa, natural size, attached to the underside of a piece of floating timber." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Bougainvillea Fruticosa

"Colony of Bougainvillea fruticosa, natural size, attached to the underside of a piece of floating timber."…

An illustration of a boy carrying an armful of firewood through the front doorway of a house.

Boy Carrying Firewood Through Doorway

An illustration of a boy carrying an armful of firewood through the front doorway of a house.

"In 1629 Giovanni Branca, an Italian, contrived a machine which was employed for the various purposes of raising water, of sawing timber and pounding materials. His machine consisted of a wheel furnished with flat vanes around its circumference, like the boards of a paddle-wheel. Upon these vanes, steam was propelled from a close vessel, called an eolipile. A rotary motion was produced, and communicated to appropriate machinery. The results, however, of these and other discoveries made about this period, have never been rendered applicable to the purposes for which the modern steam engine is adapted." &mdash;Comstock, 1850

Brancas Engine

"In 1629 Giovanni Branca, an Italian, contrived a machine which was employed for the various purposes…

Dry-rot fungus (Merulius lacrymans). A decay affecting timber, occasioned by various species of fungi, the mycelium of which penetrated the timber, destroying it.

Dry Rot Fungus

Dry-rot fungus (Merulius lacrymans). A decay affecting timber, occasioned by various species of fungi,…

An illustration of timber jetty.

Timber Jetty

An illustration of timber jetty.

A bulky piece of wood or timber.

Log

A bulky piece of wood or timber.

"Mortising is a method of insertion in which the projecting extremity of one timber is received into a perforation in another." &mdash; Wells, 1857

Mortising

"Mortising is a method of insertion in which the projecting extremity of one timber is received into…

"Mortising is a method of insertion in which the projecting extremity of one timber is received into a perforation in another." &mdash; Wells, 1857

Mortising

"Mortising is a method of insertion in which the projecting extremity of one timber is received into…

"Mortising is a method of insertion in which the projecting extremity of one timber is received into a perforation in another." &mdash; Wells, 1857

Mortising

"Mortising is a method of insertion in which the projecting extremity of one timber is received into…

A particular method of uniting two pieces of timber together by the extremities, the end of one being cut or notched so as to fit into the other, making the part where the junction takes place of the same thickness as the rest of the pieces of timber.

Scarfing Design

A particular method of uniting two pieces of timber together by the extremities, the end of one being…

"Frame of a vessel supported by shores." A shore is a "post or beam of timber or iron for the temporary support of something; a prop." -Whitney, 1911

Shores

"Frame of a vessel supported by shores." A shore is a "post or beam of timber or iron for the temporary…

"A large nail or pin, generally of iron. The larger forms of spikes, particularly railroad spikes, are chisel-pointed, and have a head or fang projecting to one side to bite the rail. Spikes are also made split, barbed, grooved, and of other shapes." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>Illustration of two forked spikes. When driven into wood, the points spread and hook into the wood.

Forked Spikes

"A large nail or pin, generally of iron. The larger forms of spikes, particularly railroad spikes, are…

An illustration of a simple tree with roots.

Tree with Roots

An illustration of a simple tree with roots.

Men cutting down trees.

Tree-Cutters

Men cutting down trees.