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Part of the central nervous system found in the skull.

Brain

Part of the central nervous system found in the skull.

Fissures and gyres of the basal surface of the cerebrum portion of the brain.

Brain

Fissures and gyres of the basal surface of the cerebrum portion of the brain.

"Profile and vertex views of cerebrum. Dr, the frontal lobe; Par, parietal; Oc, occipital; Ts, temporo-sphenoidal lobe; SS, Sylvian fissure; RR, fissure of Rolando; PO, parieto-occipital fissure; IP, intra-pariental fissure; PP, Parallel fissure; SF and IF, supero- and infero-frontal fissures; 1, inferior, 2 middle, and 3, superior frontal convolutions; 4, ascending frontal convolution; 5, ascending parietal, 5', postero-parietal, and 6, angular convolutions; A, supra-marginal, or convolution of the parietal eminence; 7, superior, 8, middle, and 9, inferior temporo-sphenoidal convolutions; 10, superior, 11, middle, and 12, inferior occipital convolutions." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Brain

"Profile and vertex views of cerebrum. Dr, the frontal lobe; Par, parietal; Oc, occipital; Ts, temporo-sphenoidal…

Anterior view of the brain and spinal marrow. Labels: 1, 1, hemispheres of the cerebrum; 2, great middle fissure; 3, cerebellum; 4, olfactory nerves; 5, optic nerves; 6, corpora albicantia; 7, motor oculi nerves; 8, pons Varolii; 9, fourth pair of nerves; 10, lower portion of the medulla oblongata; 11, 11, medulla spinalis in its whole length; 12, 1, spinal nerves; 13, cauda equina.

Brain and Spinal Cord

Anterior view of the brain and spinal marrow. Labels: 1, 1, hemispheres of the cerebrum; 2, great middle…

The brain and spinal cord. Labels: 1, 1, hemispheres of cerebrum; 2, great middle fissure; 3, cerebellum; 4, olfactory nerves; 5, optic nerves; 6, corpora albicanlia; 7, motor oculi; 8, pons Varolii; 9, fourth nerve; 10, medulla oblongata; 11, 11, medulla spinalis; 12, 12, spinal nerves; 18, cauda equina.

Brain and Spinal Cord

The brain and spinal cord. Labels: 1, 1, hemispheres of cerebrum; 2, great middle fissure; 3, cerebellum;…

The brain and the origin of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves. Labels: F, E, the cerebrum; D, the cerebellum, showing the arbor vitae; G, the eye; H, the medulla oblongata; A, the spinal cord; C and B, the first two pairs of spinal nerves.

The Brain and the Cranial Nerves

The brain and the origin of the twelve pairs of cranial nerves. Labels: F, E, the cerebrum; D, the cerebellum,…

Schema showing the connections of the several parts of the brain.

Connection of the Brain Parts

Schema showing the connections of the several parts of the brain.

Labels: 1, longitudinal fissure separating the hemispheres; 2, frontal lobes of the cerebrum; 3, posterior lobes.

Brain Seen from Above

Labels: 1, longitudinal fissure separating the hemispheres; 2, frontal lobes of the cerebrum; 3, posterior…

The base of the brain. Labels: 1, longitudinal fissure; 2, 2, anterior lobes of cerebrum; 3, olfactory bulb; 7, optic commissure; 9, 3rd nerve, ; 11, 4th nerve; 13, 5th nerve; 14, crura cerebri, 15, 6th nerve; 16, pons Varolii; 17, 7th nerve; 19, 8th nerve; 20, medulla oblongata; 21, 9th nerve, 23, 10th nerve; 25, 11th nerve; 27, 12th nerve; 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, cerebellum.

Base of Brain

The base of the brain. Labels: 1, longitudinal fissure; 2, 2, anterior lobes of cerebrum; 3, olfactory…

Base of the Brain. Labels: 1,2, longitudinal fissure; 3, anterior lobes cerebrum; 4, middle lobe; 5, fissure Sylvius; 6, posterior lobe; 7, infundibulum; 8, its body; 9, corporo albicantia; 10, cineritious matter; 11, crura cerebri; 12, pons Varolii; 13, medulla oblongata; 14, posterior prolongation of pons; 15, middle of cerebellum; 16, anterior part of cerebellum; 17, its posterior part and fissure; 18, medulla spinalis; 19, middle fissure medulla; 20, pyramidal body; 21, retiform body; 22, olivary body; 23, olfactory nerve; 24, its bulb; 25, its external root; 26, middle root; 27, internal root; 28, 29, optic nerve; 30, third nerve; 31, fourth nerve; 32, fifth nerve; 33, sixth nerve; 34, facial nerve; 35, auditory nerve; 36, 37, 38, eighth nerve.

Base of the Brain

Base of the Brain. Labels: 1,2, longitudinal fissure; 3, anterior lobes cerebrum; 4, middle lobe; 5,…

The cerebellum in section and fourth ventricle, with the neighboring parts. Labels: 1, median groove of fourth ventricle, ending below in the calamus scriptorius, with the longitudinal eminence formed by the fasciculi teretes, one on each side; 2, the same groove, at the place where the white streaks of th auditory nerve emerge from it to cross the floor of the ventricle; 3, in inferior crus or peduncle of the cerebellum, formed by the restiform body; 4, posterior pyramid; above this is the calamus scriptorius; 5, superior crus of cerebellum, or processus e cerebello ad cerebrum( or ad testes); 6, fillet to the side of the crura cerebri; 7, lateral grooves of the crura cerebri; 8, corpora quadrigemina.

The Cerebrum and Fourth Ventricle of the Brain

The cerebellum in section and fourth ventricle, with the neighboring parts. Labels: 1, median groove…

Top view of the human brain.

Human Brain

Top view of the human brain.

A top view of a dissection of the human brain showing the lateral fourth and fifth ventricles.

Human Brain

A top view of a dissection of the human brain showing the lateral fourth and fifth ventricles.

A view of the Corpus Callosum from above.

Human Brain

A view of the Corpus Callosum from above.

Side diagram of the human brain showing which parts of the brain control hearing, speech, vision, legs, head, arm, and face.

Human Brain

Side diagram of the human brain showing which parts of the brain control hearing, speech, vision, legs,…

Side diagram of the human brain showing which areas perform the sense of taste, smell, and vision.

Human Brain

Side diagram of the human brain showing which areas perform the sense of taste, smell, and vision.

"The brain seen from the side, showing the three principal divisions." — Ritchie, 1918

Side view of the brain

"The brain seen from the side, showing the three principal divisions." — Ritchie, 1918

The general arrangement of the brain and attached nerves and blood vessels. At <em>a b</em> and <em>c</em> is the cerebrum; at <em>f</em> is represented the corpus callosum that joins the two hemispheres together; at d is the cerebellum; at <em>g</em> is the beginning of the optic nerves and at <em>l</em> is the olfactory nerve.

The Brain

The general arrangement of the brain and attached nerves and blood vessels. At a b and c…

View of the under surface of the brain, with the lower portion of the temporal and occipital lobes, and the cerebellum on the left side removed, to show the origins of the cranial nerves.

Under Surface of the Brain

View of the under surface of the brain, with the lower portion of the temporal and occipital lobes,…

Longitudinal and vertical diagrammatic section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front of this is the fore-, and what lies behind, the hindbrain; Lt, lamina terminalis; Olf, olfactory lobes; Hmp, hemispheres; Th. E, thalamencephalon; Pn, pineal gland; Py, pituitary body; F. M., foramen of Munro; cs, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; CC, crura cerebri; the mass lying above the canal represents the corpora quadrigemina; Cb, cerebellum; I-IX, the nine pairs of cranial nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle; +, iter a tertio ad quartum ventriculum. Lamina terminalis is represented by the strong black line joining Pn and Py.

Vertical Section of a Vertebrate Brain

Longitudinal and vertical diagrammatic section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front…

A vertical section of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata, showing the relation of the cranial nerves at their origin. Labels: 1, The cerebrum. 2, The cerebellum with its arbor vitae represented. 3, The medulla oblongata. 4, The spinal cord. 5, The corpus callosum. 6, The first pair of nerves. 7, The second pair. 8, The eye. 9, The third pair of nerves. 10, The fourth pair. 11, The fifth pair. 12, The sixth pair. 13, The seventh pair. 14, The eighth pair. 15, The ninth pair. 16, The tenth pair. 17, The eleventh pair. 18, The twelfth pair. 19, Spinal nerves. 21, The tentorium.

Vertical Section of the Brain

A vertical section of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata, showing the relation of the…

Cerebral convolutions of the brain.

Cerebral Convolutions

Cerebral convolutions of the brain.

"The Upper Surface of the Cerebrum. Showing its division into two hemispheres, and also of the convolutions." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Cerebrum

"The Upper Surface of the Cerebrum. Showing its division into two hemispheres, and also of the convolutions."…

Coronal section through the cerebrum of an orangoutang passing through the subthalamic tegmental region.

Coronal Section Through Cerebrum

Coronal section through the cerebrum of an orangoutang passing through the subthalamic tegmental region.

Coronal section through the left side of the cerebrum of an orangoutang. The section passes through the middle of the lenticular nucleus.

Coronal Section Through the Cerebrum

Coronal section through the left side of the cerebrum of an orangoutang. The section passes through…

Diagram of the projection fibers of the cerebrum. Labels: B, motor (pyramidal) tract; C, body-sense tract; D, visual tract; E, auditory tract; F, G and H, upper, middle and lower peduncles of cerebellum; K, decussation of pyramids. Numerals refer to cranial nerves.

Projection Fibers of the Cerebrum

Diagram of the projection fibers of the cerebrum. Labels: B, motor (pyramidal) tract; C, body-sense…

The surface of the cerebrum.

Surface of the Cerebrum

The surface of the cerebrum.

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

Top View of the Cerebrum

"The cerebrum seen from above, showing the hemispheres." — Ritchie, 1918

The five layers of the cortical gray matter of the cerebrum. 1, Superficial layer with abundance of neuroglia and few small multipolar ganglion cells. 2, A thin layer of a large number of closely packed small ganglion cells of pyramidal shape. 3, The most important layer, and the thickest of all: it contains many large pyramidal ganglion cells, each with a process running off from the apex vertically towards the free surface, and lateral processes at the base which are always branched. 4, Numerous ganglion cells come are large and others small, forming the granular formation of Meynert. 5, Spindle-shaped and branched ganglion cells of moderate size arranged chiefly parallel to the free surface.

Cortical Gray Matter of the Cerebrum

The five layers of the cortical gray matter of the cerebrum. 1, Superficial layer with abundance of…

Plan in outline of the encephalon, as seen from the right side. The parts are represented as separated from one another somewhat more than natural, so as to show their connections. A, cerebrum; f, g, h, its anterior middle, and posterior lobes; e, fissure of Sylvius; B, cerebellum; C, pons Varolii; D, medulla oblongata; a, peduncles of the cerebellum; C, pons Varolii; D, medulla oblongata; A, peduncles of the cerebrum; b, c, d, superior, middle, and inferior peduncles of the cerebellum.

Outline of the Encephalon

Plan in outline of the encephalon, as seen from the right side. The parts are represented as separated…

Section through the gray matter of the human cerebellum.

Gray Matter of Cerebellum

Section through the gray matter of the human cerebellum.

"The Brain is the encephalon, or center of the nervous system and the seat of consciousness and volition in man and the higher animals. Median Longitudinal Section through Head and Upper Part of Neck, to Show relation of Brain to Cranium and the Spinal Cord. <em>c,</em> cerebrum; <em>cb,</em> cerebellum; <em>sc,</em> spinal cord; <em>spc,</em> spinal column; <em>mo,</em> medulla oblongata passing, through foramen magnum, into the spinal cord; <em>pv,</em> pons Varolii; <em>cp,</em> cerebral peduncles or crura cerebri; <em>cqa,</em> anterior corpora quadrigemina; <em>cqp,</em> posterior corpora quadrigemina; <em>pg,</em> pineal gland; <em>pb,</em> pituitary body; <em>cc,</em> corpus collosum, divided transversely; <em>f,</em> fornix; <em>mg,</em> marginal gyrus; <em>gf,</em> gyrus fornicatus; <em>cmg,</em> calloso-marginal suleus; <em>O,</em> occipital lobe; <em>po,</em> parieto-occipital fissure; <em>cf,</em> calcarine fissure; <em>dm,</em>dura mater, separating cerebrum from cerebellum."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Human Brain

"The Brain is the encephalon, or center of the nervous system and the seat of consciousness and volition…

The inner wall of the nasal fossae, or septum of the nose.

Nasal Fossae

The inner wall of the nasal fossae, or septum of the nose.

Part of the nervous system viewed from in front.

Nervous System

Part of the nervous system viewed from in front.

The human nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves. Labels: A, cerebrum; B, cerebellum.

Nervous System

The human nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and the nerves. Labels: A, cerebrum; B, cerebellum.

This illustration shows the base of the skull. The inner or cerebal surface.

Skull

This illustration shows the base of the skull. The inner or cerebal surface.

This illustration shows the external surface of the skull.

Skull

This illustration shows the external surface of the skull.

This illustration shows the anterolateral region of the skull.

Skull

This illustration shows the anterolateral region of the skull.

The coronal section through the frontal sinus and nasal fossa.

Skull

The coronal section through the frontal sinus and nasal fossa.

"Partial section of a Vertebrate brain (diagrammatic). OLF., Olfactory lobe; CH., cerebral hemispheres; C., wall of cerebrum cut to show ventricle, behind this the figure is that of a median section; PA., parietal organ arising from thalamencephalon; Pl., pineal organ; INF., infundibulum descending from thalamencephalon; H., hypophysis; OL., optic lobes; CB., cerebellum; CPL., choroid plexus on roof of fourth ventricle; MO., floor of the medulla oblongata; CC., central canal of spinal cord." -Thomson, 1916

Vertebrate Brain

"Partial section of a Vertebrate brain (diagrammatic). OLF., Olfactory lobe; CH., cerebral hemispheres;…