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A large white bear that lives in the Arctic regions of North America. They are powerful swimmers and eat a variety of things including seal. They can run quickly across the ice due to their hairy soles.

Polar Bear

A large white bear that lives in the Arctic regions of North America. They are powerful swimmers and…

The great white bear (Polar Bear) is peculiar to the Arctic regions.

Polar Bear

The great white bear (Polar Bear) is peculiar to the Arctic regions.

A bear that lives in the cold and has a bushy coat of fur.

Polar Bear

A bear that lives in the cold and has a bushy coat of fur.

"Æluropus melanoleucus- A remarkable genus of carnivorous quadrupdes of the arctoid series of the order Feræ, connecting to the true bears with ælurus and other genera."-Whitney, 1902

Giant Panda

"Æluropus melanoleucus- A remarkable genus of carnivorous quadrupdes of the arctoid series of the order…

"Goose is the name of a well-known family of natatorial birds. The domestic goose is believed to have descended form the greylag goose. It is valued for the table and on account of its quills and fine soft feather. The body is large and heavy, the neck long, the head small, and the bill conical, the wings long and powerful, the feet somewhat long, with small toes. In summer the wild goose inhabits the polar regions, migrating south in flocks on the approach of winter. The nest which is of coarse grass, is generally situated in marshy places."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Wild Goose

"Goose is the name of a well-known family of natatorial birds. The domestic goose is believed to have…

Polar Bears, mom and baby

Polar Bears

Polar Bears, mom and baby

Polar Bear going after baby seals.

Polar Bear

Polar Bear going after baby seals.

"Modern dynamo with four consequent pole field magnets. In this construction the ring shaped yoke also serves as a frame; the circular form of yoke gives the least chance of magnetic leakage." — Hawkins, 1917

Multi-polar field magnet

"Modern dynamo with four consequent pole field magnets. In this construction the ring shaped yoke also…

A white bear or polar bear.

Polar Bear

A white bear or polar bear.

A Swedish naturalist and explorer, born in Helsingfors, Finland, Nov. 18, 1832; died Aug. 12, 1901. He was an explorer of the polar seas.

Adolf Erik Nordenskjold

A Swedish naturalist and explorer, born in Helsingfors, Finland, Nov. 18, 1832; died Aug. 12, 1901.…

"The Earth, whose diameter is 7,912 miles, is represented by the globe, or sphere. The straight line passing through its center, and about which it turns, is called its axis, and the two extremities of the axis are the poles of the Earth, A being the north pole, and B the south pole. The line C D, crossing the axis, passes quite round the Earth, and divides it into two equal parts. This is called the equinoctial line, or the equator. That part of the Earth situated north of this line, is caled the northern hemisphere, and that part south of it, the southern hemisphere. The small circles E F and G H, surrounding or including the poles, are called the polar circles." —Comstock, 1850

Earth Divisions

"The Earth, whose diameter is 7,912 miles, is represented by the globe, or sphere. The straight line…

"Now it is the inclination of the Earth's axis, as above described, which causes the lengths of the days and nights to differ at the same place at different seasons of the year, for on reviewing the positions of the globe at A, it will be observed that the line formed by the enlightened and dark hemispheres, does not coincide with the line of the axis and the pole, but that the line formed by the darkness and the light, extends obliquely across the line of the Earth's axis, so that the north pole is in the light while the south is in the dark. In the position A, therefore, an observer at the north pole would see the sun constantly, while another at the south pole would not see it at all. Hence those living in the north temperate zone, at the season of the year when the earth is at A, or in the Summer, would have long days and short nights, in proportion as they approached the polar circle; while those who live in the south temperate zone, at the same time, and when it would be Winter there, would have long nights and short days in the same proportion." —Comstock, 1850

Earth Axis

"Now it is the inclination of the Earth's axis, as above described, which causes the lengths of the…

"Now it is the inclination of the Earth's axis, as above described, which causes the lengths of the days and nights to differ at the same place at different seasons of the year, for on reviewing the positions of the globe at A, it will be observed that the line formed by the enlightened and dark hemispheres, does not coincide with the line of the axis and the pole, but that the line formed by the darkness and the light, extends obliquely across the line of the Earth's axis, so that the north pole is in the light while the south is in the dark. In the position A, therefore, an observer at the north pole would see the sun constantly, while another at the south pole would not see it at all. Hence those living in the north temperate zone, at the season of the year when the earth is at A, or in the Summer, would have long days and short nights, in proportion as they approached the polar circle; while those who live in the south temperate zone, at the same time, and when it would be Winter there, would have long nights and short days in the same proportion." —Comstock, 1850

Earth Axis

"Now it is the inclination of the Earth's axis, as above described, which causes the lengths of the…

"Suppose the Earth to be in her Summer solstice, which takes place on the 21st of June. At this period she will be at a, having her north pole, n, so inclined towards the Sun, that the whole arctic circle will be illuminated, and consequently the Sun's rays will extend 23.25 degrees, the breadth of the polar circle, beyond the north pole." —Comstock, 1850

Seasons

"Suppose the Earth to be in her Summer solstice, which takes place on the 21st of June. At this period…

"Two hoops of thin iron are placed upon an axis which passes through their poles. The two ends of each hoop cross each other at right angles, and are fastened together, and to the axis at the bottom. At the upper end they slide up and down on the axis, which is turned rapidly by wheel-work as represented. These hoops, before the motion begins, have an oval form, but when turned rapidly, the centrifugal force causes them to expand, or swell at the equator, while they are depressed at the poles, the two polar regions becoming no more distant than a and b." —Comstock, 1850

Pole Depression

"Two hoops of thin iron are placed upon an axis which passes through their poles. The two ends of each…

A polar bear in the arctic wild.

Polar Bear

A polar bear in the arctic wild.

Intersection of lines between a circle and its polar point.

Circle Polar Point

Intersection of lines between a circle and its polar point.

Transformation of coordinates to new axes.

Transform Coordinates

Transformation of coordinates to new axes.

Illustration of polar and spherical triangles.

Polar and Spherical Triangles

Illustration of polar and spherical triangles.

Illustration of polar triangles.

Polar Triangles in Sphere

Illustration of polar triangles.

Illustration of symmetrical spherical triangles.

Symmetric Spherical Triangles

Illustration of symmetrical spherical triangles.

Illustration of symmetrical spherical triangles.

Symmetric Spherical Triangles

Illustration of symmetrical spherical triangles.

Illustration of symmetrical spherical triangles.

Symmetric Spherical Triangles

Illustration of symmetrical spherical triangles.

Illustration of a parabola showing that any point of a parabola is the mean proportional between the latus rectum (focal chord) and the abscissa (x-coordinate).

Parabola With Coordinates and Latus Rectum

Illustration of a parabola showing that any point of a parabola is the mean proportional between the…

Illustration of a parabola showing point P is equidistant to the focus and the directrix.

Point on Parabola

Illustration of a parabola showing point P is equidistant to the focus and the directrix.

Illustration of a parabola. "If a line PT is drawn from any point P of the curve, bisecting the angle between PF and the perpendicular from P to the directrix, every point of the line PT, except P, is without the curve."

Point on Parabola

Illustration of a parabola. "If a line PT is drawn from any point P of the curve, bisecting the angle…

Illustration of a tangent line drawn from an external point to a parabola.

Tangent to a Parabola

Illustration of a tangent line drawn from an external point to a parabola.

Illustration showing that if two tangents RP and RQ are drawn from a point R to a parabola, the line drawn through R parallel to the axis bisects the chord of contact.

Tangents to a Parabola

Illustration showing that if two tangents RP and RQ are drawn from a point R to a parabola, the line…

Illustration showing that the area of a parabolic segment made by a chord is two thirds the area of the triangle formed by the chord and the tangents drawn through the ends of the chord.

Tangents and Chords of a Parabola

Illustration showing that the area of a parabolic segment made by a chord is two thirds the area of…

Illustration showing the definition of a parabola as a conic section. "The section of a right circular cone made by a plane parallel to one, and only one, element of the surface is a parabola."

Conic Section Showing Parabola

Illustration showing the definition of a parabola as a conic section. "The section of a right circular…

Illustration showing the definition of a parabola as a conic section. "The section of a right circular cone made by a plane parallel to one, and only one, element of the surface is a parabola."

Conic Section Showing Parabola

Illustration showing the definition of a parabola as a conic section. "The section of a right circular…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 10.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 10

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 10.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 10

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is a unit circle marked and labeled in 30° increments.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 1

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is a unit circle marked and labeled in 30° increments.

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is a unit circle marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 1

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is a unit circle marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments.

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 2.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 2

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 2.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 2

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 3.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 3

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 3.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 3

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 4.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 4

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 4.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 4

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 5.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 5

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 5.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 5

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 6.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 6

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 6.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 6

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 7.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 7

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 7.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 7

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 8.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 8

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 8.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 8

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked to 9.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 9

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 30° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units marked to 9.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 9

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 30° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked to 10.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 10

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units marked to 10.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 10

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked to 1.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 1

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units marked to 1.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 1

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked to 2.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 2

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units marked to 2.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 2

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked to 3.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 3

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units marked to 3.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 3

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked, but not labeled, in 15° increments and units…

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked to 4.

Polar Grid In Degrees With Radius 4

Illustration of a polar graph/grid that is marked and labeled in 15° increments and units marked…