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"Botanically Jasminum, a genus of shrubs or climbers constituting the principal part of the natural order Jasminaceae, and comprising about sixty species, of which forty or more occur in the gardens of Britain. The plants of the genus are mostly natives of the warmer regions of the Old World, but there are one or two South American species. The leaves are pinnate or ternate, articulted to the petiole. The flowers, usually white or yellow, are arranged in terminal or axillary panicles, and have a tubular 5 or 8-cleft calyx, and a cylindrical corolla-tube, with a spreading limb, two included stamens, and a two-celled ovary." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Jasmine

"Botanically Jasminum, a genus of shrubs or climbers constituting the principal part of the natural…

"The plant known in America as the "Carolina jasmine" is not a true jasmine. other hardy species commonly cuultivated in gardens are the low or Italian yellow-flowered jasmine, J. humile, an erect shrub 3 or 4 feet high, with angular branches, alternate and most ternate leaves, blossoming from June to September; the common yellow jasmine, J. fruticans, a hardy deciduous shrub, 10 to 12 feet high, with weak, slender stems requiring support, and bearing yellow, odorless flowers from spring to autumn; and J. nudiflorum, with flowers before the leaves appear." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Gelsemium

"The plant known in America as the "Carolina jasmine" is not a true jasmine. other hardy species commonly…

"A cross of thin gold work formed of four leaves." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Cross

"A cross of thin gold work formed of four leaves." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

"The principle of increased velocity as bodies descend from a height, is curiously illustrated by pouring molasses or thick syrup from an elevation to the ground. The bulky stream, of perhaps two inches in diameter where it leaves the vessel, as it descends, is reduced to the size of a straw, or knitting-needle; but what it wants in bulk is made up in velocity, for the small stream at the ground will fill a vessel just as soon as the large one at the outlet." —Comstock, 1850

Increased Velocity

"The principle of increased velocity as bodies descend from a height, is curiously illustrated by pouring…

A high branched flower whoes petal consist of longspiny leaves. Usually bright yellow, orange or red.

Safflower

A high branched flower whoes petal consist of longspiny leaves. Usually bright yellow, orange or red.

A leaf shaped like a triangle.

Sagittate Leaf

A leaf shaped like a triangle.

A symmetrical plant with many dark green leaves on a hair trunk.

Sago Palm

A symmetrical plant with many dark green leaves on a hair trunk.

"Camera obscura strictly signifies a darkened chamber, because the room must be darkened, in order to observe its effects. To witness the phenomena of this instrument, let a room be closed in every direction, so as to exclude the light. Then from an aperture, say of an inch in diameter, admit a single beam of light, and the images of external things, such as trees and houses, and persons walking the streets, will be seen inverted on the wall opposite to where the light is admitted, or on a screen of white paper, placed before the aperture. The reason why the image is inverted will be obvious, when it is remembered that the rays proceeding from the extremities of the object must converge in order to pass through the small aperture; and as the rays of light always proceed in straight lines, they must cross each other at the point of admission. Thus the pencil a, coming from the upperpart of the tower, and proceeding straight, will represent the image of the part at b, while the lower part c, for the same reason, will be represented at d." —Comstock, 1850

Camera Obscura

"Camera obscura strictly signifies a darkened chamber, because the room must be darkened, in order to…

"Camera obscura strictly signifies a darkened chamber, because the room must be darkened, in order to observe its effects. To witness the phenomena of this instrument, let a room be closed in every direction, so as to exclude the light. Then from an aperture, say of an inch in diameter, admit a single beam of light, and the images of external things, such as trees and houses, and persons walking the streets, will be seen inverted on the wall opposite to where the light is admitted, or on a screen of white paper, placed before the aperture. The reason why the image is inverted will be obvious, when it is remembered that the rays proceeding from the extremities of the object must converge in order to pass through the small aperture; and as the rays of light always proceed in straight lines, they must cross each other at the point of admission. Thus the pencil a, coming from the upperpart of the tower, and proceeding straight, will represent the image of the part at b, while the lower part c, for the same reason, will be represented at d." —Comstock, 1850

Camera Obscura

"Camera obscura strictly signifies a darkened chamber, because the room must be darkened, in order to…

"Solar Spectrum.—If a ray, proceeding from the sun, be admitted into a darkened chamber, through an aperture in the window shutter, and allowed to pass through a triangular shaped piece of glass, called a prism, the light will be decomposed, and instead of a spot of white, there will be seen, on the opposite wall, a most brilliant display of colors, including all those seen in the rainbow." —Comstock, 1850

Solar Spectrum

"Solar Spectrum.—If a ray, proceeding from the sun, be admitted into a darkened chamber, through…

A weed flower with ffluffy white seed hairs.

Groundsel

A weed flower with ffluffy white seed hairs.

"When the moon psses between the Earth and Sun, there happens an eclipse of the Sun, because then the Moon's shadow falls upon the Earth. A total eclipse of the Sun happens often, but when it occurs, the total obscurity is confined to a small part of the Earth; since the dark portion of the Moon's shadow never exceeds 200 miles in diameter on the Earth. But the Moon's partial shadow, or penumbra, may cover a space on the Earth of more than 4,000 miles in diameter, within all which space the Sun will be more or less eclipsed. When the penumbra first touches the Earth, the eclipse begins at that place, and ends when the penumbra leaves it. But the eclipse will be total only where the dark shadow of the Moon touches the earth." —Comstock, 1850

Sun Eclipse

"When the moon psses between the Earth and Sun, there happens an eclipse of the Sun, because then the…

"Sea anemone dissected; c, tentacles; d, mouth; e, stomach; white lines above k, the mesenteries." —Davison, 1906

Anemone

"Sea anemone dissected; c, tentacles; d, mouth; e, stomach; white lines above k, the mesenteries." —Davison,…

Ailuropus Melanoleucus. "A. melanoleucus, discovered by Pere David in 1869, in the most inaccessible mountains of eastern Tibet. Said to feed principally on roots, bamboos, and other vegetables. It is of the size of a small Brown bear, of a white color, with ears, spots round the eyes, shoulders, and limbs black." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Giant Panda

Ailuropus Melanoleucus. "A. melanoleucus, discovered by Pere David in 1869, in the most inaccessible…

Leaf motif

Doodad

Leaf motif

"Stevenson's louvre-boarded box for the thermometers, which is now very widely used for temperature observations. The box is made of wood, and louvred all round so as to protect the thermometers inside from radiation, and at the same time secure as free a circulation of air as is consistent with a satisfactory protection from radiation. The box is painted white, both inside and outside, and screwed to four stout wooden posts, also painted white, firmly fixed in the ground. The posts are of such a length that when the thermometers are hung in position the bulbs of the minimum thermometer and hygrometer are exactly at the same height of 4 feet above the ground, the maximum thermometer being hung immediately above the minimum thermometer." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Thermometer Box

"Stevenson's louvre-boarded box for the thermometers, which is now very widely used for temperature…

A white or brown arthropoda. Has a pair of cirri, which form a net used to scoop food particles out of the water and into its mouth. Usually very sharp around the opening.

Barnacles

A white or brown arthropoda. Has a pair of cirri, which form a net used to scoop food particles out…

The larva of a termite.

Termite

The larva of a termite.

A winged male termite.

Termite

A winged male termite.

A worker termite.

Termite

A worker termite.

A soldier termite.

Termite

A soldier termite.

A female termite.

Termite

A female termite.

The pupa of a termite.

Termite

The pupa of a termite.

Lantern-flies may be found on the under side of leaves of various plants, particularly grape, sucking the juices, preferably from the larger veins or ribs.

Lantern Fly

Lantern-flies may be found on the under side of leaves of various plants, particularly grape, sucking…

Lantern-flies may be found on the under side of leaves of various plants, particularly grape, sucking the juices, preferably from the larger veins or ribs.

Lantern Fly

Lantern-flies may be found on the under side of leaves of various plants, particularly grape, sucking…

Diagram of nervous system of Crania; from the dorsal side. The nerves running to the dorsal parts are white, with black edges; those running to the ventral parts are solid black.

Brachiopoda

Diagram of nervous system of Crania; from the dorsal side. The nerves running to the dorsal parts are…

Pieris Protodice, a butterfly that becomes more common and assists its imported relative in making havoc among the cabbages, but this also may be easily controlled by the measures above detailed.

Checkered White Butterfly

Pieris Protodice, a butterfly that becomes more common and assists its imported relative in making havoc…

Pieris Protodice, a butterfly that becomes more common and assists its imported relative in making havoc among the cabbages, but this also may be easily controlled by the measures above detailed.

Checkered White Butterfly (Female)

Pieris Protodice, a butterfly that becomes more common and assists its imported relative in making havoc…

Pieris Protodice, a butterfly that becomes more common and assists its imported relative in making havoc among the cabbages, but this also may be easily controlled by the measures above detailed.

Checkered White Butterfly Larva and Chrysalis

Pieris Protodice, a butterfly that becomes more common and assists its imported relative in making havoc…

A black, very little marked with yellow, and the only satisfactory remedy is cutting out and destroying the larva as soon as its presence is indicated by the wilting leaves.

Blackberry Borer Male

A black, very little marked with yellow, and the only satisfactory remedy is cutting out and destroying…

A black, very little marked with yellow, and the only satisfactory remedy is cutting out and destroying the larva as soon as its presence is indicated by the wilting leaves.

Blackberry Borer Female

A black, very little marked with yellow, and the only satisfactory remedy is cutting out and destroying…

Adult white ermine moth, Spilosoma Virginica.

White Ermine Moth

Adult white ermine moth, Spilosoma Virginica.

Hyphantria cunea white form moth

Fall Webworm

Hyphantria cunea white form moth

A bread-fruit tree with cuneate-ovate pinnatifid leaves, male flowers in a club-shaped deciduous catkin, and female flowers in rounded clusters.

Bread-Fruit Tree

A bread-fruit tree with cuneate-ovate pinnatifid leaves, male flowers in a club-shaped deciduous catkin,…

Also known as cow killers, are not actually ants but a type of wasp. they get their name from their hair, which ranges from red and black to completely white, or may silvery golden.

Velvet Ant

Also known as cow killers, are not actually ants but a type of wasp. they get their name from their…

<em>Vespa maculata</em>

White-faced Wasp

Vespa maculata

Julius Caesar heard that a little way off there was a country nobody knew anything about, except that the people were very fierce and savage, and that a sort of pearl was found in the shells of mussels which lived in the rivers. He could not bear that there should be any place that his own people, the Romans, did not know and subdue. So he commanded the ships to be prepared, and he and his soldiers embarked, watching the white cliffs in the other side of the sea grow higher and higher as he came nearer and nearer.

Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar heard that a little way off there was a country nobody knew anything about, except that…

Chiloscyphus polyanthos. The perianth with the small perichaetial leaves below it.

Bryophyta

Chiloscyphus polyanthos. The perianth with the small perichaetial leaves below it.

Sphagnum acutifolium. Longitudinal section of apex of a bud bearing archegonia (ar), enclosed by the large leaves (y); ch, small perichaetial leaves

Bryophyta

Sphagnum acutifolium. Longitudinal section of apex of a bud bearing archegonia (ar), enclosed by the…

Sphagnum acutifolium. Ripe sporogonium raised on the pseudopodium above the enclosing leaves

Bryophyta

Sphagnum acutifolium. Ripe sporogonium raised on the pseudopodium above the enclosing leaves

Leaf of Butterwort with left margin inflected over a row of small flies

Butterwort

Leaf of Butterwort with left margin inflected over a row of small flies

Glands from surface of leaf by which the sticky liquid is secreted and by means of which the products of digestion are absorbed

Butterwort

Glands from surface of leaf by which the sticky liquid is secreted and by means of which the products…

Rod wrapped in vines and leaves.

Floral Footer

Rod wrapped in vines and leaves.

A floral footer with vines and leaves

Floral Footer

A floral footer with vines and leaves

The White Tower, the square building with turrets on each corner that gave it its name, is actually in the middle of a complex of several buildings along the River Thames in London, which have served as fortresses, armories, treasuries, zoos/menageries, mints, palaces, places of execution, public records offices, observatories, shelters, and prisons.

Towers of London

The White Tower, the square building with turrets on each corner that gave it its name, is actually…

Growth of Flax seedling from a stem with two leaves and a bud, to a stem with several leaves and stem joints between leaves.

Early Flax Seedling

Growth of Flax seedling from a stem with two leaves and a bud, to a stem with several leaves and stem…

Seedling with stem joints and pair of leaves.

Red Maple Seedling

Seedling with stem joints and pair of leaves.

Caulicle well lengthened and root beginning; thick cotyledons partly spreading; plumule (pair of leaves) growing between them.

Common Bean Seedling

Caulicle well lengthened and root beginning; thick cotyledons partly spreading; plumule (pair of leaves)…

Caulicle with plumule developed into internodes and pair of leaves.

Large Common Bean Seedling

Caulicle with plumule developed into internodes and pair of leaves.

Older beech with the plumule-leaves developing, and elevated on a long internodes.

Beech-nut Germination Older

Older beech with the plumule-leaves developing, and elevated on a long internodes.

Pea germination: the plumule has developed four or five internodes, bearing single leaves; but the first and second leaves are mere scales, the third begins to serve as foliage; the next more so.

Pea Germination

Pea germination: the plumule has developed four or five internodes, bearing single leaves; but the first…

A genus of plants or shrubs, mostly tropical, two species of which arecharacterized by large white flowers and deeply indented shining leaves.

Acanthus

A genus of plants or shrubs, mostly tropical, two species of which arecharacterized by large white flowers…

Acanthus of Corinthian Capital

Acanthus

Acanthus of Corinthian Capital

Seedling of Morning Glory more advanced (root cut away); cotyledons well developed into foliage-leaves: succeeding internode and leaf well developed, and the next forming.

Morning Glory Seedling

Seedling of Morning Glory more advanced (root cut away); cotyledons well developed into foliage-leaves:…

Spiny leafed trees or shrubs with bipinnate leaves

Acacia

Spiny leafed trees or shrubs with bipinnate leaves

A germinating seedling of the Iris, its plumule developed into the first four leaves (alternate), the first one rudimentary; the cotyledon remains in the seed.

Iris Germinating

A germinating seedling of the Iris, its plumule developed into the first four leaves (alternate), the…

Hairy plants of the legume family with pinnate leaves that produce red or purple flowers.

Indigo

Hairy plants of the legume family with pinnate leaves that produce red or purple flowers.

Shoot of Horse-chestnut, of one year's growth, taken in autumn after the leaves have fallen; showing the large terminal bud and smaller auxiliary buds.

Shoot of Horse-chestnut

Shoot of Horse-chestnut, of one year's growth, taken in autumn after the leaves have fallen; showing…

An auxiliary bud, concealed under the hollowed base of the leafstalk, in Buttonwood or Plane-tree.

Auxiliary Bud

An auxiliary bud, concealed under the hollowed base of the leafstalk, in Buttonwood or Plane-tree.

A smaller vulture with dull white plumage that lives in Northern Africa.

Egyptian Vulture

A smaller vulture with dull white plumage that lives in Northern Africa.