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"A term etymologically applicable to any very small animal, and limited in actual use to those which are microscopical. Animalcules exist in prodigious numbers, and of many different kinds, their size being such that multitudes of them find ample space for all the movements of an active life within a single drop of water; and they abound almost wherever there is moisture, at least wherever organic matter is present." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Animalcule

"A term etymologically applicable to any very small animal, and limited in actual use to those which…

"Condensing Twin Prism Light.—Part of the Lamiash light in the Firth of Clyde. Its action will be easily understood by the numbers shown on the diagram." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Twin Prism

"Condensing Twin Prism Light.—Part of the Lamiash light in the Firth of Clyde. Its action will…

Two upright oblong figures are here represented in parallel perspective. They may be imagined to resemble the sides and fronts of houses, or their blank walls. One of the figures has two others attached to it of equal dimensions; and these additions might be similarly multiplied to any extent, by the numbers, 7, 8, 9 and 10, in the followig rules. 1) Lines forming to complete fronts of two separate and detached oblongs. 2) The geometrical scale at the base, marked twenty feet. 3) The ground lines of the fronts running to the vanishing point. 4) The top lines tending to vanishing point. 5) Lines from the geometrical scale, to the points of measurement, determining the perspective depths of the oblongs. 6) Perpendicular lines raised at the intersection of the lines 3 and 5, and giving the farthest upright corner lines of the oblongs. The two figures will thus be completed. The remaining lines inserted in the figure are intended to give two other oblongs (or rather their retiring sides) attached to the first, and supposed to be of the same dimensions. They are determined first by finding the centre 7 of the near corner line 1. From 7 a line is drawn to the vanishing point. A line marked 8 is then drawn from the near extremity of 1 through 6, where it is cut by 7; at its intersection with the bottom line 3, the perpendicular line 9 is raised, and another oblong front is completed. A line 10 is drawn, and determined as the line 8 was, from the top of 6, and by crossing the lines 7 and 3. The lines 13, 14, and 15, are inserted merely to show the inner side and back of the other oblong, as they would be seen were the object made of glass. Thus 13,13 are lines for the top and bottom of the back; formed by drawing them to the vanishing point; 14,14 are the top and bottom lines of the farthest side, found by straight lines being drawn from both ends of , until they meet 13,13; at which point of meeting the upright corner of the oblong are completed.

Parallel Perspective

Two upright oblong figures are here represented in parallel perspective. They may be imagined to resemble…

This insect derives its common name from the fact that it seems to prefer clustering in great numbers at the base of the horns of cattle, although it is really just as abundant on the flanks, pon the udder, and in other places where it cannot be readily reached by the animals.

Horn Fly

This insect derives its common name from the fact that it seems to prefer clustering in great numbers…

Also known as the Seventeen-Year Locust, derives its specific name from the fact that it makes its appearance in certain districts at stated intervals of seventeen years in immense numbers, when the millions of them, swarming on the forest and fruit trees, almost deafen the observer with their trilling calls to the female, and form an abundant feast to the swine, fowls, and wild animals on the land, and if near a river or lake, to the fishes in the water.

Cicada Septendecim

Also known as the Seventeen-Year Locust, derives its specific name from the fact that it makes its appearance…

Claude Gelle Le Lorrain (1600-1682), was an Italian born artist who painted many secular, unclassical, landscape peices. He also created a book that was called the Book of Truth. It held specific numbers and his personal signature to prevent copies of his work.

Claude Gelle Le Lorrain

Claude Gelle Le Lorrain (1600-1682), was an Italian born artist who painted many secular, unclassical,…

A square divided into equal squares, like a chessboard, in each of which is placed one of a series of consecutive numbers from 1 up to the square of the number of cells in a side, in such a manner that the sum of the numbers in each row or column and in each diagonal is constant.

Magic Square

A square divided into equal squares, like a chessboard, in each of which is placed one of a series of…

The magic circle of circles, first developed by Benjamin Franklin, consists of eight annular rings and a central circle, each ring being divided into eight cells by radii drawn from the centre; there are therefore 65 cells. The number 12 is placed in he center and the consecutive numbers 13 to 75 are placed in the other cells. The properties are: 1) sum of eight numbers in any ring with 2 equals 360, 2) sum of eight numbers in any set of radial rings with 12 is 360, 3) sum of numbers in any four adjoining cells is 180.

Magic Circle of Circles

The magic circle of circles, first developed by Benjamin Franklin, consists of eight annular rings and…

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