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Borgund stave church is a stave church located in Borgund, Lærdal, Norway. It is classified as a triple nave stave church of the so-called Sogn-type. It was probably built in the end of the 12th century, and has not changed structure or had a major reconstruction since that date. The church site shows evidence of a previous building, which can point to an earlier church or perhaps an old pagan temple that had been taken into use as a church. The interior of the church, except for the pulpit and the altarpiece, is mainly free from the post-Reformation decorations seen in most other stave churches. An authentic medieval square-shaped baptismal font made of soapstone is still a part of the interior. Borgund stave church is owned by Fortidsminneforeningen (The Society for the Preservation of Norwegian Ancient Monuments). "The wood buildings of Norway lay claim to a certain monumental and historical importance, partly because they belong to the oldest class of buildings of this description, and partly owing to the purpose for which they were erected, namely, to serve as churches. The case is different as regards the merit of their artistic construction and beauty of shape, in both of which points the standard attained is not a high one, as shown by [this image]. The details principally show traces of the architectural styles prevalent at the time of their erection, viz., the Romanesque and Byzantine, while the main forms must be considered as the result of a severe climate. The perishable nature of the material employed was also naturally prejudicial to any advanced and regular development of architectural skills. From these causes the whole design assumed a pyramidal shape, whilst the climate necessitated mode of construction which is peculiar to the buildings in question. As a projection against its rigours the structures were surrounded by covered passages ornamented externally with those little arcades which are a distinguishing feature of the Romanesque style, whilst the roofs were necessarily very steep in shape on account of the heavy falls of snow, and were covered with wood shingles, tiles, or slates. The form of construction is rather rough, for the corners are generally formed of rude logs, whilst the walls between merely consist of upright boards jointed to one another. Churches of this description are know in Norway by the name of Fascine Churches. Although the construction is thus artless, yet an effort to enrich the whole by individual details and by employment of painted embellishments is frequently to be noticed. This especially effected by means of arabesque-like carvings on the doorways and gables."

Wood Church at Burgund

Borgund stave church is a stave church located in Borgund, Lærdal, Norway. It is classified as…

"Tantalops loculator. American Wood Stork. Wood Ibis. Colorado Turkey. Plumage white, the wing-quills, primary coverts, alula, and tail, glossy black. The bald head livid bluish and yellowish. Bill dingy yellowish. Legs blue, becoming blackish on the toe, the webs tinged with yellow. Iris dark brown." Elliot Coues, 1884

Wood Ibis

"Tantalops loculator. American Wood Stork. Wood Ibis. Colorado Turkey. Plumage white, the wing-quills,…

"Aix sponsa. Wood Duck. Summer Duck. "The Bride." Adult Male: Bill pinkish-white, with lake-red base, black ridge, tip, and under mandible; iris and edges of eyelids red; feet orange, with black claws. Upper part of the head, including crest, glistening green and purple; a narrow white line over eye from bill to occiput, and another behind eye to nape, these white lines mixing in the crest. A broad white patch on the throat, forking behind, one branch mounting head behind eye, the other passing to side of neck. Sides and front of lower neck and fore breast rich purplish-chestnut, prettily marked with several chain of angular white spots. A large white black-edged crescent of enlarged feathers in front of the wing. Under parts pure white, the sides yellowish-gray vermiculated with black and white wavy bars; the enlarged flank-feathers broadly rayed with black and white; the lining of the wings white barred with grayish-brown, of which color is the crissum. Upper parts generally lustrous with bronzy-green and purple; scapulars and inner secondaries velvet-black, glassed with purple and green; a green speculum, succeeded by white tips of the secondaries; primaries frosted on outer webs near end. Adult female: Little or no crest, but lengthened feathers on nape; no enlargement or special colorings of feathers about the wings. Bill dusky: feet yellowish-dusky. Head and neck gray, darker on crown, the chin and parts about bill and eyes white. Fore neck, breast and sides of body yellowish-brown, mottled with dark gray, the breast spotted with brown, the belly white. Upper parts dark brown with considerable gloss; wings as in the male, but the velvety-black reduced." Elliot Coues, 1884

Wood Duck

"Aix sponsa. Wood Duck. Summer Duck. "The Bride." Adult Male: Bill pinkish-white, with lake-red base,…

The Hortulus Animae is one of a series of woodcuts that was created by German Renaissance artist Hans Baldung Grun between 1510 and1511. It depicts a soldier courting a woman by giving her a flower. A woodcut is made by carving a wooden block to the desired design, and then rolling ink over the carved block to print the design on paper.

Hortulus Animae

The Hortulus Animae is one of a series of woodcuts that was created by German Renaissance artist Hans…

Phillip's pastoral is a woodcut that was created by English poet, painter and printmaker William Blake. A woodcut is created by carving a wooden block to the desired design, and then rolling ink over the carved block, and then printing it on paper.

Phillip's Pastoral

Phillip's pastoral is a woodcut that was created by English poet, painter and printmaker William Blake.…

The Return Home is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English printmaker during the 19th century. It seems to depicts a man returning home to his wife after a long journey.

The Return Home

The Return Home is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English printmaker…

The Lady and the Rooks is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English printmaker during the 19th century. It depicts a lady standing near a castle.

The Lady and the Rooks

The Lady and the Rooks is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English…

The Ideal Pastoral Life is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English printmaker during the 19th century. It shows a lady tending to her flock.

Ideal Pastoral Life

The Ideal Pastoral Life is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English…

The Brook is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English printmaker during the 19th century. It shows two ladies taking water out of a brook with their urns.

The Brook

The Brook is an engraving on a wood block that was created by Edward Calvert, an English printmaker…

At the Back of the North Wind is a wood engraving that was created by English painter Albert Hughes. It is a children's book that was written by George Macdonald in 1857. It is a fantasy about a boy named diamond and his adventures with the lady north wind.

From the Back of the North Wind

At the Back of the North Wind is a wood engraving that was created by English painter Albert Hughes.…

This print is part of a series of woodcuts called Art in the House by English artist Robert Bateman in 1876. It seems to depict a woman in a cape standing behind a boy that is weeping. The woodcut is created by carving a wooden block to the desired design, and then rolling ink over the carved block for printing on paper.

Art in the House

This print is part of a series of woodcuts called Art in the House by English artist Robert Bateman…

This is part of a series of woodcuts called Art in the House that was designed by English artist Robert Bateman in 1877. It seems to depict a lady standing outside a window where children are looking out of. The woodcut is created by carving a wooden block to the desired design, and then rolling ink over the carved block for printing on paper.

Art in the House

This is part of a series of woodcuts called Art in the House that was designed by English artist Robert…

This is part of a series of woodcuts called Art in the House that was designed by English artist Robert Bateman in 1876. It seems to depict man serenading a woman by under a tree. The woodcut is created by carving a wooden block to the desired design, and then rolling ink over the carved block for printing on paper.

Art in the House

This is part of a series of woodcuts called Art in the House that was designed by English artist Robert…

Sharpen the the pencil by removing the wood with a penknife and rubbing the lead on sand paper. The wedge or flat point will remain sharper than the conical point.

Wedge Point of Pencil

Sharpen the the pencil by removing the wood with a penknife and rubbing the lead on sand paper. The…

A hay rack is a freestanding vertical drying rack. These are permanent structures primarily made of wood, hay racks are often artistically designed and handcrafted

Hay Rack

A hay rack is a freestanding vertical drying rack. These are permanent structures primarily made of…

A bookmark is a thin marker, commonly made of paper or card, used to keep one's place in a book and so be able to return to it with ease. Other frequently used materials for bookmarks are leather, metals like silver and brass, silk, wood and fabrics. Many bookmarks can be clipped on a page with the aid of a page-flap. A bookmark is a thin marker, commonly made of paper or card, used to keep one's place in a book and so be able to return to it with ease. Other frequently used materials for bookmarks are leather, metals like silver and brass, silk, wood and fabrics. Many bookmarks can be clipped on a page with the aid of a page-flap.

Thinned Layer Book Mark

A bookmark is a thin marker, commonly made of paper or card, used to keep one's place in a book and…

This machine is used to make toothpicks. A toothpick is a small stick of wood, plastic, bamboo, metal or other substance used to remove detritus from the teeth, usually after a meal. Some toothpicks are made from animal bones as opposed to wood. A toothpick usually has one or two sharp ends to insert between teeth. They can also be used for picking up small appetizers or as a cocktail stick.

Toothpick Making Machine

This machine is used to make toothpicks. A toothpick is a small stick of wood, plastic, bamboo, metal…

A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position a mattress or foundation set off the floor. Bed frames are typically made of wood or metal.

Bedstead With Side Rail Supports

A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position a mattress or foundation set off the floor.…

A rocking chair is a type of chair with two curved bands of wood attached to the bottom of the legs. The chair makes contact with the floor at only two points, which gives the user the ability to rock back and forth by merely shifting their weight

Curved Band Rocking Chair

A rocking chair is a type of chair with two curved bands of wood attached to the bottom of the legs.…

A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position a mattress or foundation set off the floor. Bed frames are typically made of wood or metal. A bed frame is made up of head, foot, and side rails. Most double sized beds, along with all queen and king size beds require some type of center support rail, typically also with extra feet extending down to the floor.

Headboard Included Bedstead

A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position a mattress or foundation set off the floor.…

The wood screw used to fasten two pieces of wood together. Wood screws usually have unthreaded shank below the head.

Wood Screw

The wood screw used to fasten two pieces of wood together. Wood screws usually have unthreaded shank…

Hanger bolt is a fastener used in wood working with two different sized threads and some have no center threads.

Hanger Bolt

Hanger bolt is a fastener used in wood working with two different sized threads and some have no center…

A camp bed or cot, is a small portable, lightweight bed used in times where larger permanent beds cannot be used. Camp beds are generally used by armies or government organizations. Camp beds generally consist of a foldable lightweight wood or metal frame, covered with canvas, linen or nylon.

Portable Folding Cot

A camp bed or cot, is a small portable, lightweight bed used in times where larger permanent beds cannot…

One of the two long pieces of wood, which extends before a vehicle cart and attaches to a horse hitched on a shaft.

Combined Tongue and Thill for Vehicles

One of the two long pieces of wood, which extends before a vehicle cart and attaches to a horse hitched…

A plane is a tool for shaping wood. Planes are used to flatten, reduce the thickness of, and impart a smooth surface to a rough piece of lumber or timber. Planing is used to produce horizontal, vertical, or inclined flat surfaces on workpieces usually too large for shaping. Special types of planes are designed to cut joints or decorative mouldings.

Plane Tool

A plane is a tool for shaping wood. Planes are used to flatten, reduce the thickness of, and impart…

A cabinet is usually a box-shaped piece of furniture, either standing alone or built into or, like a medicine cabinet, attached to a wall. It is typically made of wood or, now increasingly, of synthetic materials, and used for storage of miscellaneous items.

Front View of Kitchen Cabinet

A cabinet is usually a box-shaped piece of furniture, either standing alone or built into or, like a…

A clotheshorse or clothes horse, sometimes called a clothes rack, drying horse, winterdyke, clothes maiden, drying rack refers to a frame upon which clothes are hung after washing to enable them to dry. The frame is usually made of wood, metal or plastic.

Umbrella Stand and Rack

A clotheshorse or clothes horse, sometimes called a clothes rack, drying horse, winterdyke, clothes…

A doll is an object that represents a baby or other human being. Dolls have been around since the dawn of human civilization, and have been fashioned from a vast array of materials, ranging from stone, clay, wood, bone, cloth and paper, to porcelain, china, rubber and plastic.

Female Doll Figure

A doll is an object that represents a baby or other human being. Dolls have been around since the dawn…

Most modern bathtubs are made of acrylic or fiberglass, but alternatives are available in enamel over steel or cast iron, and occasionally waterproof finished wood. A bathtub is usually placed in a bathroom either as a stand-alone fixture or in conjunction with a shower.

Sitz Bath Tub

Most modern bathtubs are made of acrylic or fiberglass, but alternatives are available in enamel over…

A bracket is an architectural member made of wood, stone, or metal that overhangs a wall to support or carry weight

Shelf Bracket

A bracket is an architectural member made of wood, stone, or metal that overhangs a wall to support…

A building material symbol used in architectural or mechanical drawing for Wood in Elevation.

Wood in Elevation Material Symbol

A building material symbol used in architectural or mechanical drawing for Wood in Elevation.

Bevel, is a and tool consisting of two rules that are hinged together so you can draw or measure angles of any size. A sliding T bevel is an adjustable gauge for setting and transferring angles. The handle is usually made of wood or plastic and is connected to a metal blade with a thumbscrew or wing nut.

Bevel Square

Bevel, is a and tool consisting of two rules that are hinged together so you can draw or measure angles…

A kitchen is a room used for cooking and food preparation. A cabinet is usually a box-shaped piece of furniture, either standing alone or built into or, like a medicine cabinet, attached to a wall. It is typically made of wood or, now increasingly, of synthetic materials, and used for storage of miscellaneous items.

Kitchen Cabinet

A kitchen is a room used for cooking and food preparation. A cabinet is usually a box-shaped piece of…

A stove is an enclosed heated space. The term is commonly taken to mean an enclosed space in which fuel is burned to provide heating, either to heat the space in which the stove is situated or to heat the stove itself, and items placed on it. This article is principally concerned with enclosed stoves burning solid fuels for room heating.

18th Century Stovetop

A stove is an enclosed heated space. The term is commonly taken to mean an enclosed space in which fuel…

A wooden hollow sphere created by using a lathe and wooden templet at a desired diameter.

Wooden Sphere

A wooden hollow sphere created by using a lathe and wooden templet at a desired diameter.

"Where the lathe has no special taper turning attachment, the rig here described can readily be made and applied. The hand wheel of the cross feed is removed, and replaced by a hard—wood disk S that has a rim groove for a stout cord A. One end of this cord is attached to the tail stock at B, by means of a bent metal strip D. The conicity or degree of taper will be determined by the diameter of the disk S." —Grimshaw, 1902

Taper Turning and Boring Lathe Rig

"Where the lathe has no special taper turning attachment, the rig here described can readily be made…

A lathe for turning wood to create a hole by fastening the material on to the faceplate.

Lathe, Wood Turning

A lathe for turning wood to create a hole by fastening the material on to the faceplate.

A volute or flat spiral turning machine. The spiral patterns are created by cutting the wood adjusting the blade while rotating the wood with the lathe.

Turning Volute or Flat Spiral Machine

A volute or flat spiral turning machine. The spiral patterns are created by cutting the wood adjusting…

The illustration of the side view of the oblique timber inserted into the horizontal timber. The drawing is done by drawing the square base, then draw an angled parallel line from the base.

Side View of Oblique Timber Framed in to Horizontal Timber

The illustration of the side view of the oblique timber inserted into the horizontal timber. The drawing…

A isometric drawing of the oblique and horizontal wood combined together. The image is drawn by creating the squared cube base, then, at the desired angle, draw the 3D view of the wood sticking up.

Isometric View of Oblique Timber Framed in to Horizontal Timber

A isometric drawing of the oblique and horizontal wood combined together. The image is drawn by creating…

A figurine is a statuette that represents a human, deity, or animal. Figurines may be realistic or iconic, depending on the skill and intention of the creator. The earliest were made of stone or clay. Modern versions are made of ceramic, metal, glass, wood and plastic.

Suspended Figurine

A figurine is a statuette that represents a human, deity, or animal. Figurines may be realistic or iconic,…

Boxes may be made of durable material such as wood or metal, or of corrugated fiberboard, paperboard, or other non durable materials.

Rectangular Box

Boxes may be made of durable material such as wood or metal, or of corrugated fiberboard, paperboard,…

This clothes pin serves several purposes, initially used to grab onto clothing garments which hung from drying lines.

Clothes Pin

This clothes pin serves several purposes, initially used to grab onto clothing garments which hung from…

A try-square is a woodworking or a metal working tool used for marking and measuring a piece of wood

Woodworking Square

A try-square is a woodworking or a metal working tool used for marking and measuring a piece of wood

This is a crate used to ship items. Usually a large container made out of wood, and transported on large ships or planes.

Folding Shipping Crate

This is a crate used to ship items. Usually a large container made out of wood, and transported on large…

A window screen is a metal wire fiberglass; synthetic fiber mesh stretched in a frame of wood or metal which is designed to cover the opening of an open window.

Window Screen Construction

A window screen is a metal wire fiberglass; synthetic fiber mesh stretched in a frame of wood or metal…

A headgear is a wood or steel frame carrying hoisting ropes commonly used in mining. The towers are located at the mouth shaft.

Mining Headgear Hoist Tower

A headgear is a wood or steel frame carrying hoisting ropes commonly used in mining. The towers are…

A device for smoking, consisting of a tube of wood, clay, or other material with a small bowl at one end.

Tobacco Pipe

A device for smoking, consisting of a tube of wood, clay, or other material with a small bowl at one…

A portable framework of wood, metal, rope, etc., in the form of two long parallel members connected by several parallel rungs or steps fixed to them at right angles, for climbing up or down

Tall Ladder

A portable framework of wood, metal, rope, etc., in the form of two long parallel members connected…

A drying rack is a device intended for hanging clothing to dry. Usually constructed from wood or metal, there are many types of drying racks, including large, stationary outdoor racks, smaller, folding portable racks, and wall wounted drying racks.

Clothes Rack

A drying rack is a device intended for hanging clothing to dry. Usually constructed from wood or metal,…

A straightedged strip, as of wood or metal, for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths.

Drawing Ruler

A straightedged strip, as of wood or metal, for drawing straight lines and measuring lengths.

A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing a fixed cutting or abrading tool against it.

Appliance Lathe

A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis…

Any of various tools, either hand-operated or power-driven, having a thin metal blade or disk with a sharp, usually toothed edge, used for cutting wood, metal, or other hard materials.

Machine Saw

Any of various tools, either hand-operated or power-driven, having a thin metal blade or disk with a…

"The spring balance, B, is shown in a horizontal position. The ropes are held to the pulley or fly—wheel face by blocks of wood, O. The weights at W may be replaced by a spring balance if desired." —Derr, 1911

Rope Brake Measuring Brake Horse Power

"The spring balance, B, is shown in a horizontal position. The ropes are held to the pulley or fly—wheel…

A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis while pressing a fixed cutting or abrading tool against it.

Lathe Tool

A machine for shaping a piece of material, such as wood or metal, by rotating it rapidly along its axis…

A cylinder of wood, plastic, cardboard, or other material on which wire, thread, or string is wound.

Rack Spool

A cylinder of wood, plastic, cardboard, or other material on which wire, thread, or string is wound.

This gas producer, or gasifier is a wood fueled gasification reactor, usually mounted on top of an internal combustion engine.

Gas Producer

This gas producer, or gasifier is a wood fueled gasification reactor, usually mounted on top of an internal…

A cell containing an electrolyte in which an applied voltage causes a reaction to occur that would not occur otherwise such as the breakdown of water into hydrogen and oxygen

Electrolytic Cell

A cell containing an electrolyte in which an applied voltage causes a reaction to occur that would not…

This tree is known for having brittle wood and pleasantly smelling leaves.

Sassafras Tree

This tree is known for having brittle wood and pleasantly smelling leaves.

This tree belongs to the pacific coast lands, its stock bears closely grained wood.

Taxus Brevifolia

This tree belongs to the pacific coast lands, its stock bears closely grained wood.