ClipArt ETC
An illustration of a fossil of a toothed fern. Ferns are vascular plants differing from the more primitive lycophytes by having true leaves (megaphylls), and they differ from seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms) in their mode of reproduction — lacking flowers and seeds. Like all other vascular plants, they have a life cycle referred to as alternation of generations, characterized by a diploid sporophytic and a haploid gametophytic phase.

Leaf Indentations

An illustration of a fossil of a toothed fern. Ferns are vascular plants differing from the more primitive…

The Northern Singlespike Sedge (Carex scirpoidea): 1, male; 2, female.

Northern Singlespike

The Northern Singlespike Sedge (Carex scirpoidea): 1, male; 2, female.

3, The Fox Sedge (Carex vulpinoidea) and 4, the Fringed Sedge (Carex crinita).

Fox Sedge and Fringed Sedge

3, The Fox Sedge (Carex vulpinoidea) and 4, the Fringed Sedge (Carex crinita).

The heliotropes (Heliotropium) is a genus of plants in the family Boraginaceae with 250 to 300 species. The name "heliotrope" derives from the fact that these plants turn their leaves to the sun. Helios is Greek for "sun", tropein means "to turn". The old English name "turnsole" has the same etymology.

Heliotropium

The heliotropes (Heliotropium) is a genus of plants in the family Boraginaceae with 250 to 300 species.…

An illustration of the common hemp plant. Hemp (from Old English hænep) is the common name for plants of the entire genus Cannabis, although the term is often used to refer only to Cannabis strains cultivated for industrial (non-drug) use.

Hemp

An illustration of the common hemp plant. Hemp (from Old English hænep) is the common name for…

An illustration of the hop plant. Humulus, (hop) is a small genus of flowering plants, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The female flowers of one species are called hops, and are used as flavoring and stabilizers, especially for brewing beer. The hop is part of the family Cannabaceae, which also includes the genus Cannabis (hemp).

Hop

An illustration of the hop plant. Humulus, (hop) is a small genus of flowering plants, native to the…

The fertile plant of the Resurrection Plant (Selaginella lepidophylla), a spikemoss which lives in deserts.

Resurrection Plant

The fertile plant of the Resurrection Plant (Selaginella lepidophylla), a spikemoss which lives in deserts.

Hedera (English name ivy, plural ivies) is a genus of 15 species of climbing or ground-creeping evergreen woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to the Atlantic Islands, western, central and southern Europe, northwestern Africa and across central-southern Asia east to Japan. On suitable surfaces (trees and rock faces), they are able to climb to at least 25–30 metres above the basal ground level.

Hedera colchica

Hedera (English name ivy, plural ivies) is a genus of 15 species of climbing or ground-creeping evergreen…

An illustration of a juniper branch, vertical section of fruit (1), and male catkin (2). Junipers are coniferous plants in the genus Juniperus of the cypress family Cupressaceae. Depending on taxonomic viewpoint, there are between 50-67 species of juniper, widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere, from the Arctic, south to tropical Africa in the Old World, and to the mountains of Central America

Juniper

An illustration of a juniper branch, vertical section of fruit (1), and male catkin (2). Junipers are…

"Septicidal Dehiscence. v, valves; d, dissepiments; c, axis. In botany, noting a mode of dehiscence in which the pericarp or fruit is resolved into its component carpels by splitting asunder through the dissepiments." -Whitney, 1911

Septicidal Dehiscence

"Septicidal Dehiscence. v, valves; d, dissepiments; c, axis. In botany, noting a mode of dehiscence…

"Fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds." -Whitney, 1911

Poppy Septa

"Fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds." -Whitney, 1911

"Diagram of fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds omitted." -Whitney, 1911

Poppy Septa

"Diagram of fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds omitted." -Whitney,…

An illustration of Dodder including: 1, flower removed from; 2, Calyx; Ovary cut acrossed; 4, fruit enveloped by a persistent corolla; 5, seed; and 6, embryo. Dodder) is a genus of about 100-170 species of yellow, orange or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, recent genetic research by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has shown that it is correctly placed in the family Convolvulaceae. The genus is found throughout the temperate to tropical regions of the world, with the greatest species diversity in subtropical and tropical regions; the genus becomes rare in cool temperate climates, with e.g. only four species native to northern Europe.

Dodder

An illustration of Dodder including: 1, flower removed from; 2, Calyx; Ovary cut acrossed; 4, fruit…

An illustration of duckweed. Duckweed is an important food source for waterfowl and are eaten by humans in some parts of Southeast Asia (as khai-nam). Some duckweeds are used in freshwater aquariums and ponds where they may spread rapidly, although in a large pond they may be difficult to eradicate once established. The plants can provide nitrate removal (if cropped) and cover for fry. The plants are used as shelter by pond water species, such as bullfrogs and bluegills. The duckweeds are important in the process of bioremediation because they grow rapidly, absorbing excess mineral nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphates. A cover of duckweeds will reduce evaporation of water compared to a clear surface.

Duckweed

An illustration of duckweed. Duckweed is an important food source for waterfowl and are eaten by humans…

An illustration of duckweed. Duckweed is an important food source for waterfowl and are eaten by humans in some parts of Southeast Asia (as khai-nam). Some duckweeds are used in freshwater aquariums and ponds where they may spread rapidly, although in a large pond they may be difficult to eradicate once established. The plants can provide nitrate removal (if cropped) and cover for fry. The plants are used as shelter by pond water species, such as bullfrogs and bluegills. The duckweeds are important in the process of bioremediation because they grow rapidly, absorbing excess mineral nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphates. A cover of duckweeds will reduce evaporation of water compared to a clear surface.

Duckweed

An illustration of duckweed. Duckweed is an important food source for waterfowl and are eaten by humans…

An illustration of duckweed inflorescence containing two male flowers each of one stamen and a female flower, the whole enclosed in a sheath. Duckweed is an important food source for waterfowl and are eaten by humans in some parts of Southeast Asia.

Duckweed Inflorescence

An illustration of duckweed inflorescence containing two male flowers each of one stamen and a female…

The Sundews (Drosera rotundifolia) comprise one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with over 170 species. These members of the family Droseraceae lure, capture, and digest insects using stalked mucilaginous glands covering their leaf surface.

Sundew

The Sundews (Drosera rotundifolia) comprise one of the largest genera of carnivorous plants, with over…

"Bamboo-reed (Arundo donax). a, panicle; b, flowering scale, clothed with silky hairs; c, spikelet." -Whitney, 1911

Giant Reed

"Bamboo-reed (Arundo donax). a, panicle; b, flowering scale, clothed with silky hairs; c, spikelet."…

Paeonia) is the only genus in the flowering plant family Paeoniaceae. They are native to Asia, southern Europe and western North America. Most are herbaceous perennial plants 0.5–1.5 metres tall, but some are woody shrubs up to 1.5–3 metres tall. They have compound, deeply lobed leaves, and large, often fragrant flowers, ranging from red to white or yellow, in late spring and early summer. In the past, the peonies were often classified in the family Ranunculaceae, alongside Hellebores and Anemones.

Peony Bud

Paeonia) is the only genus in the flowering plant family Paeoniaceae. They are native to Asia, southern…

Sedum is the large stonecrop genus of the Crassulaceae, representing about 400 species of leaf succulents, found throughout the northern hemisphere, varying from annual and creeping herbs to shrubs. The plants have water-storing leaves. The flowers usually have five petals, seldom four or six. There are typically twice as many stamens as petals.

Sedum

Sedum is the large stonecrop genus of the Crassulaceae, representing about 400 species of leaf succulents,…

"Wood-rose, a remarkable vegetable excrescence, resembling a flower with radiating corrugated petals carved from wood, caused by the union of the saucer-shaped placenta-like base of certain parasitic plants of the mistle-toe family with the foster-branch of the host and its persistence after the death of the plant." -Whitney, 1911

Wood Rose

"Wood-rose, a remarkable vegetable excrescence, resembling a flower with radiating corrugated petals…

"Wood-rose, a remarkable vegetable excrescence, resembling a flower with radiating corrugated petals carved from wood, caused by the union of the saucer-shaped placenta-like base of certain parasitic plants of the mistle-toe family with the foster-branch of the host and its persistence after the death of the plant." -Whitney, 1911

Wood Rose

"Wood-rose, a remarkable vegetable excrescence, resembling a flower with radiating corrugated petals…

They are generally of smaller dimensions in the interior, so that the walls or columns of the same chamber contain several rows of such representations. Between and over them are often found ornamented bands like friezes, and at the bottom of the walls, as in the case of the columns, are introduced more decorations, representing lotus-plants.

Mural Frieze-like Decoration from the Temple of Esneh

They are generally of smaller dimensions in the interior, so that the walls or columns of the same chamber…

They are generally of smaller dimensions in the interior, so that the walls or columns of the same chamber contain several rows of such representations. Between and over them are often found ornamented bands like friezes, and at the bottom of the walls, as in the case of the columns, are introduced more decorations, representing lotus-plants.

Ornament at the foot of the wall from the Great Temple at Philæ

They are generally of smaller dimensions in the interior, so that the walls or columns of the same chamber…

Gentianaceae, or the Gentian family, is a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species.

Gentiana

Gentianaceae, or the Gentian family, is a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species.

The owl moth is a moth whose larvae are known to feed on a wide array of plants including a range of plants cultivated by humans.

Owl Moth

The owl moth is a moth whose larvae are known to feed on a wide array of plants including a range of…

An illustration of the partial inflorescence of a cyperus plant, spikelet of the same (left), and the flower (right). Cyperus is a large genus of about 600 species of sedges, distributed throughout all continents in both tropical and temperate regions. They are annual or perennial plants, mostly aquatic and growing in still or slow-moving water up to 0.5 m deep. The species vary greatly in size, with small species only 5 cm tall, while others can reach 5 m in height. Common names include papyrus sedges, flatsedges, nutsedges, umbrella-sedges and "galingales"

Cyperus

An illustration of the partial inflorescence of a cyperus plant, spikelet of the same (left), and the…

Carex is a genus of plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (although other, related species are also called sedges, those of genus Carex may be called "true" sedges). It is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.

Carex

Carex is a genus of plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (although other, related…

Eriophorum (Cottongrass, Cotton-grass or Cottonsedge) is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the family Cyperaceae, the Sedge family. They are found throughout the temperate Northern Hemisphere in acid bog habitats, being particularly abundant in Arctic tundra regions.

Cottongrass

Eriophorum (Cottongrass, Cotton-grass or Cottonsedge) is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants…

Taraxacum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. They are native to Europe, North America and Asia and two species, T. officinale and T. erythrospermum, are found as weeds worldwide. The common name Dandelion is given to members of the genus and like other members of the Asteraceae family, they have very small flowers collected together into a composite flower head. Each single flower in a head is called a floret. Many Taraxacum species produce seeds asexually by apomixis, where the seeds are produced without pollination, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant.

Dandelion

Taraxacum is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. They are native to Europe,…

"Sicana odorifera. a, fruit; b, female flower; c, male flower." -Whitney, 1911

Cassabanana

"Sicana odorifera. a, fruit; b, female flower; c, male flower." -Whitney, 1911

Stellaria is a genus of about 90-120 species flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, with a cosmopolitan distribution. Common names include stitchwort and chickweed.

Stitchwort

Stellaria is a genus of about 90-120 species flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, with a…

Dianthus is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe and Asia, with a few species extending south to north Africa, and one species (D. repens) in arctic North America. The species are mostly perennial herbs, a few are annual or biennial, and some are low subshrubs with woody basal stems. The leaves are opposite, simple, mostly linear and often strongly glaucous grey-green to blue-green. The flowers have five petals, typically with a frilled or pinked margin, and are (in almost all species) pale to dark pink. One species, D. knappii, has yellow flowers with a purple center.

Dianthus

Dianthus is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly…

An illustration of the pistil, female reproductive part of the flower, from the mouse-ear chickweed. Cerastium is a genus of annual, winter annual, or perennial plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. The around 100 species are commonly called Mouse-ear chickweed; different species are found nearly worldwide but the greatest concentration is mainly from the northern temperate areas of the world. A number are common weeds in fields and on disturbed ground.

Mouse-ear Chickweed

An illustration of the pistil, female reproductive part of the flower, from the mouse-ear chickweed.…

Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants. Pictured here is the propagation of plants through cutting.

Propagation by Cuttings

Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants. Pictured here is…

Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants. Pictured here is the propagation of plants through cutting.

Leaf Cuttings

Plant propagation is the process of artificially or naturally distributing plants. Pictured here is…

Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory

Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native…

An illustration of the side-view of the fumitory flower Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory (Side-view)

An illustration of the side-view of the fumitory flower Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous…

An illustration of a longitudinal section of the fumitory flower. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory Flower (Longitudinal Section)

An illustration of a longitudinal section of the fumitory flower. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty…

An illustration of a fumitory flower anther. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering plants in the family Fumariaceae, native to temperate Europe and Asia, though some species are weedy or adventive in North and South America, Australia, etc. It is closely allied to Corydalis (from which it differs chiefly in having single-seeded fruits), and some botanists combine the two genera. The common name is fumitory.

Fumitory Flower Anther

An illustration of a fumitory flower anther. Fumaria is a genus of about fifty annual herbaceous flowering…

The Myrtle (Myrtus) is a genus of one or two species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae, native to southern Europe and north Africa. They are evergreen shrubs or small trees, growing to 5 m tall. The leaves are entire, 3-5 cm long, with a fragrant essential oil. The star-like flowers have five petals and sepals, and numerous stamens. Petals are usually white. The fruits are globose blue-black berries containing several seeds. The flowers are pollinated by insects, and the seeds dispersed by birds that feed on the berries.

Myrtle

The Myrtle (Myrtus) is a genus of one or two species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae, native…

An illustration of the inflorescence of the carrot plant. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Strictly, it is the part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed and which is accordingly modified.

Carrot Flower

An illustration of the inflorescence of the carrot plant. An inflorescence is a group or cluster of…

An illustration of a inflorescence of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of flowering plants, in terms of number of species.

Inflorescence of Asteraceae

An illustration of a inflorescence of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the…

An illustration of a disk-floret of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of flowering plants, in terms of number of species.

Disk-floret of Asteraceae

An illustration of a disk-floret of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the…

An illustration of a disk-floret of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of flowering plants, in terms of number of species.

Disk-floret of Asteraceae

An illustration of a disk-floret of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the…

An illustration of a Gynaeceum of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster, daisy, or sunflower family) is the largest family of flowering plants, in terms of number of species.

Gynaeceum of Asteraceae

An illustration of a Gynaeceum of a asteraceae. The family Asteraceae or Compositae (known as the aster,…

An illustration of the flower of the mistletoe plant. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic plants in the order Santalales that grow attached to and within the branches of a tree or shrub.

Mistletoe Flower

An illustration of the flower of the mistletoe plant. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic…

An illustration of one staminate flower in section, magnified twelve times. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic plants in the order Santalales that grow attached to and within the branches of a tree or shrub.

Mistletoe Staminate

An illustration of one staminate flower in section, magnified twelve times. Mistletoe is the common…

An illustration of pistillate flowers of mistletoe. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic plants in the order Santalales that grow attached to and within the branches of a tree or shrub.

Pistillate Flowers of Mistletoe

An illustration of pistillate flowers of mistletoe. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic…

An illustration of one pistillate flower of mistletoe. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic plants in the order Santalales that grow attached to and within the branches of a tree or shrub.

One Pistillate Flower of Mistletoe

An illustration of one pistillate flower of mistletoe. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic…

An illustration of a mistletoe plant attached to the host plant. Mistletoe is the common name for a group of hemi-parasitic plants in the order Santalales that grow attached to and within the branches of a tree or shrub.

Mistletoe Attached to Host Plant

An illustration of a mistletoe plant attached to the host plant. Mistletoe is the common name for a…

An illustration of the female flower of the sedge plant. Carex is a genus of plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (although other, related species are also called sedges, those of genus Carex may be called "true" sedges). It is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.

Sedge

An illustration of the female flower of the sedge plant. Carex is a genus of plants in the family Cyperaceae,…

Fly orchid (Ophrys insectifera) is a plant of the family Orchidaceae, a native of the British Isles and Europe favouring sites with alkaline soil. The name arises because it resembles a fly, being totally dependent on flies and bees for pollination. However this is fairly unsuccessful as they seldom visit the flower and it forms seed only infrequently. The plants use scent to attract male flies, which pollinate the flowers as they attempt to mate with the flower. The scent released by the flowers mimic female fly sexual pheromones.

Fly Orchid

Fly orchid (Ophrys insectifera) is a plant of the family Orchidaceae, a native of the British Isles…

Lemnaceae is a family of flowering plants, also known as the duckweed family, as it contains the duckweeds or water lentils. Since duckweeds are now considered to be a branch of the arum or aroid family (Araceae), the name 'Lemnaceae' is rapidly falling out of use among taxonomists, who treat it as a subfamily called Lemnoideae.

Lemnaoideae

Lemnaceae is a family of flowering plants, also known as the duckweed family, as it contains the duckweeds…

Iris is a genus of between 200-300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers. It takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, referring to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. As well as being the scientific name, iris is also very widely used as a common name; for one thing, it refers to all Iris species, but some plants called thus belong to closely related genera. In North America, a common name for irises is flags, while the subgenus Scorpiris is widely known as junos, particularly in horticulture.

Iris

Iris is a genus of between 200-300 species of flowering plants with showy flowers. It takes its name…

Lilium martagon (Martagon or Turk's cap lily) is a species of lily. It has a widespread native region extending from central Europe east through northern Asia to Mongolia and Korea. Several subspecies have been named. The plant is stem-rooting, growing between 1 m and 2 m tall. The flower colour is typically a pink-purple, with dark spots, but is quite variable, extending from near white to near black. The flowers are scented. Numerous flowers are borne on each plant, and up to 50 can be found on vigorous plants.

Turk's Cap Lily

Lilium martagon (Martagon or Turk's cap lily) is a species of lily. It has a widespread native region…

An illustration of the archegonium of bracken. An archegonium (pl: archegonia), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. The archegonium has a long neck and a swollen base.

Archegonium of Bracken

An illustration of the archegonium of bracken. An archegonium (pl: archegonia), is a multicellular structure…

The Bell Heather (Erica cinerea) is a plant in the Ericaceae family of heaths.

Bell Heather

The Bell Heather (Erica cinerea) is a plant in the Ericaceae family of heaths.

The magnified flower of the Bell Heather (Erica cinerea) is a plant in the Ericaceae family of heaths.

Bell Heather

The magnified flower of the Bell Heather (Erica cinerea) is a plant in the Ericaceae family of heaths.

Lycopodiopsida is a class of plants often loosely grouped as the fern allies, and includes the clubmosses. Lycopodiopsida traditionally included all the clubmosses, including Selaginella and Isoetes. However, subdivisions within the Division Lycopodiophyta are now considered ancient enough to warrant higher-level separation in accordance with cladistics. Clubmosses are thought to be structurally similar to the earliest vascular plants, with small, scale-like leaves, homosporous spores borne in sporangia at the bases of the leaves, branching stems (usually dichotomous), and generally simple form.

Club Moss

Lycopodiopsida is a class of plants often loosely grouped as the fern allies, and includes the clubmosses.…