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"Torpedo Boats are small vessels built for speed and fitted with tubes for firing torpedoes by either compressed air or gunpowder. They can be used on the surface or submerged to do their work unseen beneath the water. A, storage batteries; C, bulkheads; E, vertical tubes, with horizontal propellers; G, rudders; H, horizontal fin; M, electric motor; R, water tanks; P, weight to be dropped in an emergency. "—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Electric Torpedo Boat

"Torpedo Boats are small vessels built for speed and fitted with tubes for firing torpedoes by either…

"Turbine is, in mechanics, a term formerly confined to horizontal water wheels, the revolution of which is due to the pressure derived from falling water, but now applied generally to any wheel driven by water escaping through small orifices subject to such pressure. The turbine was invented by Fourneyron in 1823, and the first one was made in 1827. Air and steam turbines are also in use, air and steam being used instead of water to drive the impulse wheel."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Pelton Wheel Turbine

"Turbine is, in mechanics, a term formerly confined to horizontal water wheels, the revolution of which…

"Viscacha is a stout-built rodent, resembling a marmot, from 18 inches to two feet long, exclusive of the tail, which is from six to eight inches. Four digits on the fore and three on the hind limbs, the latter furnished with long, compressed and pointed nails; muzzle broad, and covered with a velvet-like coat of brown hair; fur mottled gray above, yellowish-white beneath; dark band on each cheek, a white band on muzzle, running back on each side almost as far as the eye. They are nocturnal, and resemble rabbits in their movements, but are less active. They are found on the pampas, from Buenos Ayres to Patagonia. These animals have the strange habit of dragging all sorts of hard and apparently useless objects to the mouth of their burrow, where bones, stones, thistle stalks, and lumps of earth may be found collected into a large heap, sufficient, according to Darwin to fill a wheel-barrow."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Viscacha

"Viscacha is a stout-built rodent, resembling a marmot, from 18 inches to two feet long, exclusive of…

"The <em>Rhisostoma Cuvieri</em>, a British species, measures two feet, or ever more, in diameter, while some fo the inhabitants of tropical seas are said to attain a still larger size. In calm weather they often swim close to the surface of the sea, in such multitudes as to impede the motion of a boat through the water. Such a fleet as this, seen with the sun shining strongly upon them, is a magnificent specacle, from the beautiful iridescemce with which the sunlight is reflected to the eye of the beholder. With the approach of night this scene of beauty only gives place to another, for these Medusae are exceedingly luminous in the dark." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Rhizostoma cuvieri

"The Rhisostoma Cuvieri, a British species, measures two feet, or ever more, in diameter, while…

"The <em>ulna</em>, or elbow bone, is the larger of these two bones. It is joined to the humerus by a hinge joint at the elbow. It is on the same side as the little finger. The <em>radius</em>, queerly named because it is supposed to resemble one of the spokes of a wheel, is the long, slightly curved, outer bone fo the forearm. It is on the same side as the thumb. Its upper end is fastened both to the ulna and the humerus." — Blaisedell, 1904

Ulna and Radius

"The ulna, or elbow bone, is the larger of these two bones. It is joined to the humerus by…

"Knots and splices include all the various methods of tying, fastening, and joining ropes or cords. Generally, the requirements of a useful knot may be stated to be that it should neither 'slip' nor 'jam'&ndash; I. e. that, while it holds without danger of slipping while the strain is on it, when slackened it should be easily untied again. Out of the score or so of methods of fastening a boat's painter the one which will be found most useful is the well-known two half-hitches (6)."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Knots and Splices

"Knots and splices include all the various methods of tying, fastening, and joining ropes or cords.…

"The Overshot wheel is a form of water wheel in which the water flows upon or near the top of the wheel. It acts principally by gravity, though some effect is of course due to the velocity with which the water arrives."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Overshot Wheel

"The Overshot wheel is a form of water wheel in which the water flows upon or near the top of the wheel.…

A group of Greeks rowing a boat.

Greek Boat

A group of Greeks rowing a boat.

"A Rose Window is a circular window, divided into compartments by mullions and tracery radiating from a center, also called Catharine wheel and marigold window according to modifications of the design. It forms a fine feature of the church architecture of the 13th and 14th centuries."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Rose Window

"A Rose Window is a circular window, divided into compartments by mullions and tracery radiating from…

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat, his feet planted flush against his 'stretcher' or footboard, and the handle of the oar in his hands, the loom of the oar resting in the rowlock, the 'button' being inside the thowl-pin. 1, entering the water."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Positions in Rowing

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat,…

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat, his feet planted flush against his 'stretcher' or footboard, and the handle of the oar in his hands, the loom of the oar resting in the rowlock, the 'button' being inside the thowl-pin. 2, end of the stroke."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Positions in Rowing

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat,…

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat, his feet planted flush against his 'stretcher' or footboard, and the handle of the oar in his hands, the loom of the oar resting in the rowlock, the 'button' being inside the thowl-pin. 3, positions of the wrists in feathering the oar."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Wrist Positions in Rowing

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat,…

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat, his feet planted flush against his 'stretcher' or footboard, and the handle of the oar in his hands, the loom of the oar resting in the rowlock, the 'button' being inside the thowl-pin. 3, positions of the wrists in feathering the oar."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Wrist Positions in Rowing

"Rowing is the propulsion of a boat by oars. The oarsman sits with his face to the stern of the boat,…

Robert Fulton's invention of the steam-boat.

Fulton's Steamer

Robert Fulton's invention of the steam-boat.

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term especially belongs to steam river craft; ocean-going craft being called steamers, steamships, etc. The first steam-boat was built by Denis Papin, who navigated it down the Fulda as long ago as 1707. Unfortunately this pioneer craft was destroyed by jealous sailors, and even the very memory of it was lost for three-quarters of a century."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Steamboat of 1736

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term…

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term especially belongs to steam river craft; ocean-going craft being called steamers, steamships, etc."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

American River Steamboat

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term…

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term especially belongs to steam river craft; ocean-going craft being called steamers, steamships, etc."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Modern Sound Propeller

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term…

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term especially belongs to steam river craft; ocean-going craft being called steamers, steamships, etc."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Modern Ocean Steamship

"A steamboat is a boat or vessel propelled by steam acting either on paddles or on a screw. The term…

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of persons, which were open overhead, thus differing from the corpentum, and closed in front, in which the differed from the cisium. The most essential articles in the construction of the currus were, 1. The rim. 2. The axle. 3. The wheels, which revolved upon the axle and were prevented from coming off by the insertion of pins into the extremities of the axles. The parts of the wheel were: a. The nave. b. The spokes. c. The felly. d. The tire. 4. The pole." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Currus

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of…

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of persons, which were open overhead, thus differing from the corpentum, and closed in front, in which the differed from the cisium. The most essential articles in the construction of the currus were, 1. The rim. 2. The axle. 3. The wheels, which revolved upon the axle and were prevented from coming off by the insertion of pins into the extremities of the axles. The parts of the wheel were: a. The nave. b. The spokes. c. The felly. d. The tire. 4. The pole." &mdash; Smith, 1873. This picture shows a Quadrigae.

Currus

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of…

Children in a boat playing with swans.

Children and Swans

Children in a boat playing with swans.

"Athena (Minerva) superintending the building of the Argo." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Athena and Argo

"Athena (Minerva) superintending the building of the Argo." — Smith, 1882

"A Submarine Boat is a boat capable of being propelled under the water. The first was probably that constructed by Drebbel, a Dutchman, for James I., and Robert Fulton made an effort in the same direction in 1801. Among recent submarine boats the most noteworthy is the Holland submarine torpedo boat."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Submarine Boat

"A Submarine Boat is a boat capable of being propelled under the water. The first was probably that…

"Arms and a chariot are here assigned to June through not properly a warlike goddess. The idea itself, of giving such appendages to Diety, seems borrowed from the habits of the heroic age. The following delineation of a chariot is from an ancient one preserved in the Vatican; <em>Hoc regnum dea</em> etc." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Chariot

"Arms and a chariot are here assigned to June through not properly a warlike goddess. The idea itself,…

A ship's prow.

Ship's prow

A ship's prow.

A ship's prow.

Ship's prow

A ship's prow.

A ship's prow.

Ship's prow

A ship's prow.

"The vessel is now broadside to the wind, the prow having swung around." — Anthon, 1891

Greek ship

"The vessel is now broadside to the wind, the prow having swung around." — Anthon, 1891

The anchor used by the ancients was for the most part made of iron and its form... resembled that of the modern anchor." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Anchor

The anchor used by the ancients was for the most part made of iron and its form... resembled that of…

"A cart or wagon. It had commonly two wheels, but sometimes four, and it was then called the plaustrum majus. Besides the wheels and axle the plaustrum consisted of a strong pole (temo), to the hinder part of which was fastened a table of wooden planks. The blocks of stone, or other things to be carried, were either laid upon this table without any other support, or an additional security was obtained by the use either of boards at the sides, or of a large wicker basket tied upon the cart. The annexed cut exhibits a cart, the body of which is supplied by a basket. The commonest kind of cart-wheel was that called tympanum, the "drum," from its resemblance to the musical instrument of the same name. It was nearly a foot in thickness, and was made either by sawing the trunk of a tree across in a horizontal direction, or by nailing together boards of the requisite shape and size. These wheels advanced slowly, and made a loud creaking, which was heard to a great distance." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Plaustrum

"A cart or wagon. It had commonly two wheels, but sometimes four, and it was then called the plaustrum…

My bed is like a little boat; Nurse helps me in when I embark; She girds me in my sailors coat and starts me in the dark. At night, I go on board and say good-night to all my friends on shore; I shut my eyes and sail away, and see and hear no more.

Bed Is A Boat

My bed is like a little boat; Nurse helps me in when I embark; She girds me in my sailors coat and starts…

Up into the cherry tree, who should climb but little me? I held the trunk with both my hands and looked abroad on foreign lands. I saw the next-door garden lie, adorned with flowers before my eye, and many pleasant places more that I had never seen before.

Foreign Lands

Up into the cherry tree, who should climb but little me? I held the trunk with both my hands and looked…

A flat boat

Flat Boat

A flat boat

A spinning wheel

Spinning Wheel

A spinning wheel

Paddle-Wheels of a boat

Paddle-Wheels

Paddle-Wheels of a boat

Paddle-Wheels of a boat

Paddle-Wheels

Paddle-Wheels of a boat

A Roman boat

Roman Boat

A Roman boat

Fulton's steamboat, the <em>Clermont.</em>

Steamboat

Fulton's steamboat, the Clermont.

Greek ship with the sail reefed.

Greek ship

Greek ship with the sail reefed.

"The masts were usually taken down when the vessel arrived in port, and raised again when it was about to depart." — Anthon, 1891

Greek Boat

"The masts were usually taken down when the vessel arrived in port, and raised again when it was about…

"The following cut represents a ship with its rudder. The pole by which it is fastened to the ship's side is the <em>clavus</em>." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Ship with rudder

"The following cut represents a ship with its rudder. The pole by which it is fastened to the ship's…

Greek <em>aplustria</em>, or stern ornament.

Aplustria

Greek aplustria, or stern ornament.

A cleat with no rope around it.

Cleat

A cleat with no rope around it.

A cleat with rope tied around it.

Cleat

A cleat with rope tied around it.

"By use of an instrument called a map measurer, set the hand on the face to read zero, roll the small wheel over the distance; now roll the wheel in an opposite direction along the graphical scale, noting the number of yards passed over. A map measurer is valuable for use in solving map problems in patrolling, advance guard, outpost, etc." &mdash; Moss, 1914

Map measurer

"By use of an instrument called a map measurer, set the hand on the face to read zero, roll the small…

"Two boats moored to the bank of the river by ropes and stakes. In the cabin of one, a man inflicts the bastinado on a boatman. He appears to be one of the stewards of an estate, and is accompanied by his dog. In the other boat is a cow, and a net containing hay or chopped straw." — Goodrich, 1844

Two Egyptian Boats

"Two boats moored to the bank of the river by ropes and stakes. In the cabin of one, a man inflicts…

A type of boat made from many pieces of boards or plates which overlap one another.

Clincher

A type of boat made from many pieces of boards or plates which overlap one another.

A band used in transmitting power from one wheel to another.

Belt

A band used in transmitting power from one wheel to another.

A pole set upright in a boat or vessel, to sustain the sails, yards, rigging, etc.

Mast

A pole set upright in a boat or vessel, to sustain the sails, yards, rigging, etc.

An instrument having a little wheel, with sharp points, worn on a horseman's heels, to prick a horse in order to hasten his pace.

Spur

An instrument having a little wheel, with sharp points, worn on a horseman's heels, to prick a horse…

"Ixion on the Wheel" &mdash; Gayley, 1893

Ixion

"Ixion on the Wheel" — Gayley, 1893

A wheel or part of a wheel, or irregular outline, employed to produce a variable or alternating motion in machinery.

Cam-wheel

A wheel or part of a wheel, or irregular outline, employed to produce a variable or alternating motion…

A wheel with cogs or teeth at right angles to its plane.

Crown-wheel

A wheel with cogs or teeth at right angles to its plane.

A vessel rigged nearly like a sloop, with one mast and a straight running bowspirit, which may be run in upon deck.

Cutter

A vessel rigged nearly like a sloop, with one mast and a straight running bowspirit, which may be run…

A pin used to prevent the wheel of a carriage from sliding off the axle-tree.

Linchpin

A pin used to prevent the wheel of a carriage from sliding off the axle-tree.

A wheel for transmitting power from, or imparting it to the different parts of machinery, or for changing the direction of motion by means of a belt, cord, or rope.

Pulley

A wheel for transmitting power from, or imparting it to the different parts of machinery, or for changing…

A wheel furnished with projecting pins on the rim, which fit into the links of a chain.

Rag-wheel

A wheel furnished with projecting pins on the rim, which fit into the links of a chain.

A bar or piece of mechanism turning at one end upon a pivot, while the other end falls into the teeth of a wheel or rack, allowing the latter to move in one direction only.

Ratchet

A bar or piece of mechanism turning at one end upon a pivot, while the other end falls into the teeth…

Three sailboats on a body of water.

Sailboats

Three sailboats on a body of water.

A wheel that communicates motion; the wheel of a locomotive, which, adhering to the track, communicates the power of the steam-engine to the vehicle.

Driving-wheel

A wheel that communicates motion; the wheel of a locomotive, which, adhering to the track, communicates…