ClipArt ETC
"The elements are zinc and carbon. In the Greet cell, a zinc plate is suspended b a rod between two carbon plates, so that it does not touch them, and when the cell is not in use the zinc is withdrawn from the solution..." -Hawkins, 1917

Grenet Cell

"The elements are zinc and carbon. In the Greet cell, a zinc plate is suspended b a rod between two…

"Partz acid gravity cell. In this form of cell, the electrolyte which surrounds the zinc is either magnesium sulphate or common salt. the depolarizer is a bichromate silution which surounds the perforated carbon plate located in the bottom of the jar. A vertical carbon rod fits snugly into the tapered hole in the carbon plate, and extends through the cover forming the positive pole." -Hawkins, 1917

Partz Cell

"Partz acid gravity cell. In this form of cell, the electrolyte which surrounds the zinc is either magnesium…

"Machines of this kind may be constructed with as many pairs of plaes, combs, and brushes as can be conveniently combined together; four-plate machines being common, in which the relative positions of each pair of plates are reversed, as shown..." -Atkinson 1903

Four-Plate Machine

"Machines of this kind may be constructed with as many pairs of plaes, combs, and brushes as can be…

"...and is constructed with a zinc plate suspended between two carbon plates, so as to have two carbon surfaces exposed to the direct action of two zinc surfaces, and as close to them as praticable without contact, to reduce teh electric resistance through the fluid to the lowest degree." -Atkinson 1903

Grenet Cell

"...and is constructed with a zinc plate suspended between two carbon plates, so as to have two carbon…

"...and is constructed with a zinc plate suspended between two carbon plates, so as to have two carbon surfaces exposed to the direct action of two zinc surfaces, and as close to them as praticable without contact, to reduce teh electric resistance through the fluid to the lowest degree." -Atkinson 1903

Grenet Cell

"...and is constructed with a zinc plate suspended between two carbon plates, so as to have two carbon…

"...is constructed with a plate of black oxide of copper suspended between two plates of zinc, and the fluid is a solution of caustic potash in water." -Atkinson 1903

Edison-Lalande Cell

"...is constructed with a plate of black oxide of copper suspended between two plates of zinc, and the…

"When large quantities of electrical fluid are wanted for experiment, or for other purposes, it is procured by an electrical machine." -Comstock 1850

Plate Electrical Machine

"When large quantities of electrical fluid are wanted for experiment, or for other purposes, it is procured…

"The graphic method of studying sounds, which fairly meets even the exacting demands of physicists, and is largely used by them may be briefly explained thus: Suppose the smoked plate [shown] to be a sheet of smoked paper fastened around a cylinder that is mounted that, when it is turned by a crank, the screw cut upon the axis moves the cylinder endwise as shown. Such and instrument is called a vibroscope." -Avery 1895

Graphic Method of Studying Sounds Using a Vibroscope

"The graphic method of studying sounds, which fairly meets even the exacting demands of physicists,…

"Support, as shown, a glass or brass plate, square or round, and strew it evenly with fine sand. Place the finger at any point of the edge of the plate, so as to form a node there, and draw a violin bow at a point properly chosen. The sand immediately begins to dance on the plate and arrange itself along nodal lines. By changing the nodal points and bowing properly, other sand-figures may be produced, one of which is shown." -Avery 1895

Vibrating Plates

"Support, as shown, a glass or brass plate, square or round, and strew it evenly with fine sand. Place…

"About two feet away from an air thermometer, place an inverted flower pot. Midway between the two, place a board or glass screen that reaches from the table to a height of several inches above teh bulb of the air theremometer. Upon the flower pot, place a very hot brick. Notice that the heat of the brick has little effect upon the thermometer. Then hold a sheet of tin plate over the screen so that energy radianted obliquely upward from the brick may be reflected obliquely downward toward the thermometer. By properly adjusting the position of the reflector, the thermometer may be quickly affected." -Avery 1895

Heat Reflection

"About two feet away from an air thermometer, place an inverted flower pot. Midway between the two,…

"When radiant energy passes through a medium bounded by parallel planes, the refractions at the two surfaces are equal and contrary in direction. The direction after passing through the plate is parallel to the direction before entereing the plate; the rays merely suffer lateral aberration." -Avery 1895

Refraction by Plates

"When radiant energy passes through a medium bounded by parallel planes, the refractions at the two…

"When several cells are conected so that the positive plate of one is joined to the negative plate of the next...they are said to be grouped or joined in series." -Avery 1895

Series Connection

"When several cells are conected so that the positive plate of one is joined to the negative plate of…

"The tin-foil strips or carriers on the rear plate of a Wimhurst machine are represented by the outer row of strips; those on the fornt plate, by the inner row. The diagonal conductor that faces the rear plate is represented by cs; the one that faces the front plate, by ab." -Avery 1895

Design of the Wimhurst Machine

"The tin-foil strips or carriers on the rear plate of a Wimhurst machine are represented by the outer…

"Multiple plate static discharger. (Grid should bridge both sides of belt and be as close to the motor as possible.) ." —Croft 1920

Static Discharger

"Multiple plate static discharger. (Grid should bridge both sides of belt and be as close to the motor…

"When force is applied at bar P which turns the screw. The plate B moves vertically with the screw, but does not turn. This allows the books to be compressed as the plate descends." —Quackenbos 1859

Bookbinder Press

"When force is applied at bar P which turns the screw. The plate B moves vertically with the screw,…

Three Pounds (3 pounds) Virginia currency from 1775. Copper-plate notes as illustrated, each value different.

Paper Money, Three Pounds Bill, 1775

Three Pounds (3 pounds) Virginia currency from 1775. Copper-plate notes as illustrated, each value different.

This is a sample lettering plate.

Drawing Board Lettering Setup

This is a sample lettering plate.

Two apples. One is cut in half on the plate, beside the knife. The other is still whole.

Apples

Two apples. One is cut in half on the plate, beside the knife. The other is still whole.

If we divide any of the long bones longitudinally, we find two kinds of structure, the hard or compact, and the alveolar or spongy. Indeed there is no bone that does not exhibit to some extend both of these structures; the compact forming its external, and the spongy its internal part. These two formations are clearly seen in the bones which compose the skull, as in the following cut, with the spongy or cancellated structure between them. This serves to illustrate the structure of all of the flat bones.

Bone Structure

If we divide any of the long bones longitudinally, we find two kinds of structure, the hard or compact,…

The above cut represents a section of the thigh bone. The extremities (a, w) having a shell or thin plate of compact texture, crowded with small cells, diminishing in size, but increasing in number as they approach the articulation (c), the cavity for containing the marrow; the walls of the shaft are very firm and solid (b, b). The compact part is thickest near the middle of the bone where the greatest strength is required.

Thigh Bone Section

The above cut represents a section of the thigh bone. The extremities (a, w) having a shell or thin…

Eighth stage in plant cell division: "The connecting fibers have spread out and come into contact with the wall of the mother cell in the equatorial plane, and the thickening of the fibers throughout this plane has made a complete cell plate within which the dividing wall will be produced." -Stevens, 1916

Plant Cell Division 8

Eighth stage in plant cell division: "The connecting fibers have spread out and come into contact with…

"Simple microtome for clamping to table. P, P, plate glass ways for the section knife; S, milled-head for clamping the object; M, micrometer milled-head for turning the screw that raises the object as the sections are cur; C, milled-head for clamping the microtome to the table." -Stevens, 1916

Microtome

"Simple microtome for clamping to table. P, P, plate glass ways for the section knife; S, milled-head…

This image "represents a cross section through the ejector with the magazine loaded. The parts shown are receiver, A; bolt, B; firing pin, C; ejector, D; clip slots, E; bolt locking lug channels, F; magazine, G; follower, H; magazine spring, I; and floor plate, J." -Moss, 1914

Loaded Magazine

This image "represents a cross section through the ejector with the magazine loaded. The parts shown…

This image "shows a cross section through the magazine empty, and with cut-off "on," shown in projection. The parts are receiver, A; bolt, B; firing pin, C; cut-off, D; rear lug slot, E; bolt locking lug channels, F; magazine, G; follower, H; magazine spring, I; and floor plate, J." -Moss, 1914

Empty Magazine

This image "shows a cross section through the magazine empty, and with cut-off "on," shown in projection.…

"Determination of the optical character of a uniaxial crystal with the mica plate. (a) Positive. (b) Negative." -Johannsen, 1908

Mica Plate

"Determination of the optical character of a uniaxial crystal with the mica plate. (a) Positive. (b)…

"Determination of the optical character of a uniaxial crystal with the gypsum plate. Quartz (+)." -Johannsen, 1908

Gypsum Plate

"Determination of the optical character of a uniaxial crystal with the gypsum plate. Quartz (+)." -Johannsen,…

"Determination of the optical character of a uniaxial crystal with the gypsum plate when the center of the cross is beyond the field of the microscope. Quartz (+)." -Johannsen, 1908

Gypsum Plate

"Determination of the optical character of a uniaxial crystal with the gypsum plate when the center…

"Determination of the optical character of a biaxial crystal in a section cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix by means of the gypsum plate (+)." -Johannsen, 1908

Gypsum Plate

"Determination of the optical character of a biaxial crystal in a section cut perpendicular to the acute…

"Determination of the optical character of biaxial crystals in sections showing the emergence of an optic axis by means of the gypsum plate." -Johannsen, 1908

Gypsum Plate

"Determination of the optical character of biaxial crystals in sections showing the emergence of an…

"Diagram of cell division. chr., Chromosomes forming an equatorial plate; cs., centrosome." -Thomson, 1916

Cell Division

"Diagram of cell division. chr., Chromosomes forming an equatorial plate; cs., centrosome." -Thomson,…

"The formation of a coral shell (Asteroides). st., Stomodaeum; ms., mesentery; s., calcareous septum; B., basal plate." -Thomson, 1916

Coral Shell

"The formation of a coral shell (Asteroides). st., Stomodaeum; ms., mesentery; s., calcareous septum;…

"Spicules of Holothurians. The series 1-6 shows stages in the development of an anchor and a plate in a Synapta. The series A-E shows stages in the development of a wheel in Chiridota, a synaptid." -Thomson, 1916

Holothurian Spicules

"Spicules of Holothurians. The series 1-6 shows stages in the development of an anchor and a plate in…

"Diagrammatic vertical section through disc and base of one of the arms of Antedon rosacea. The section is inter-radial on the left, radial on the right. t., Ciliated openings in body wall; h., sub-epithelial ambulacral nerve; l., water-vascular canal; k., tentacle; r., mouth; s., intestine; g., central plexus, with "chambered organ" at its base; f., coelom; R1.-R3., radial plates; Br., brachial plates; u., muscle; a., axial nerve-cord; d., central capsule; C.D., centro-dorsal plate; p., cirri; e., nerve branches from central capsule to cirri." -Thomson, 1916

A. Rosacea Arm

"Diagrammatic vertical section through disc and base of one of the arms of Antedon rosacea. The section…

"Development of excretory system of vertebrate. The primitive segments are not separated off from the lateral plate, and the pronephros (pn.) is seen arising from the lower part of the primitive segment. n.c., nerve cord; nch., notochord; pn., pronephros; g., gut; p.s., primitive segment; mes., mesonephric tubule; pn.d., pronephric duct; b.c., body cavity; ao., aorta; siv., sub-intestinal vein, with vessel to the aorta." -Thomson, 1916

Excretory System Stage 1

"Development of excretory system of vertebrate. The primitive segments are not separated off from the…

"Development of excretory system of vertebrate. The pronephros is completely separated off from the primitive segment and lateral plate. n.c., nerve cord; nch., notochord; pn., pronephros; g., gut; p.s., primitive segment; mes., mesonephric tubule; pn.d., pronephric duct; b.c., body cavity; ao., aorta; siv., sub-intestinal vein, with vessel to the aorta." -Thomson, 1916

Excretory System Stage 2

"Development of excretory system of vertebrate. The pronephros is completely separated off from the…

"The origin of the mesonephric tubules is seen. They arise from the upper part of the lateral plate, which is now completely separated from the primitive segment, and curving round the pronephric duct come to open into it. n.c., nerve cord; nch., notochord; pn., pronephros; g., gut; p.s., primitive segment; mes., mesonephric tubule; pn.d., pronephric duct; b.c., body cavity; ao., aorta; siv., sub-intestinal vein, with vessel to the aorta." -Thomson, 1916

Excretory System Stage 3

"The origin of the mesonephric tubules is seen. They arise from the upper part of the lateral plate,…

"Median longitudinal section of anterior region of Myxine. B., Barbule; N., nasal aperture; NT., nasal tube with rings of cartilage; NC., nasal capsule; BR., brain; SC., spinal cord; N., notochord; G., gut; T., cartilage of "tongue"; MU., muscle; NTT., posterior part of nasal sac; TP., a tooth plate; MT., median tooth on roof of mouth (M.)." -Thomson, 1916

Hagfish Anterior

"Median longitudinal section of anterior region of Myxine. B., Barbule; N., nasal aperture; NT., nasal…

Skeleton of skate. nc, nasal capsules; pq, palato-pterygo-quadrate cartilage; M, Meckel's cartilage; hm, hyo-mandibular; h.br., fifth hypobranchial; v.pl., vertebral plate; st, sensory tubes; sc, scapular region; c, coracoid region; p.pt., anterior basal cartilage or pro-pterygium; m.pt., meso pterygium; mt.pt., meta-pterygium; pu., pubic bar; st, stomach; sv, spiral valve of intestine. -Thomson, 1916

Skate Skeleton

Skeleton of skate. nc, nasal capsules; pq, palato-pterygo-quadrate cartilage; M, Meckel's cartilage;…

The dissection of a female sea lamprey or Petromyzon marinus. ad, anterior dorsal cartilage; an, annular cartilage; au, auricle; bd, bile-duct; bp', basal plate; br, brain; cd, cardinal vein; d.ao, dorsal aorta; dm, dorsal muscles; ea, external gill aperture; ft, fibrous tissue; gr, groove canal; hp, basal plate to fontanelle; hv, hepatic vein; i, integument; i.ju; inferior jugular vein; int, intestine; ju, jugular; lg, lingual cartilage; lr, liver; m, buccal vavity; mv, median ventral cartilage; my, spinal cord; na, olfactory sac; na', pituitary pouch; na'', nasal aperture; na.c, nasal capsule; nc, notochord; n.ca, spinal canal; oc, cranial roof; oes, gullet; o.f, buccal funnel; ov, ovary; pc, pericardium; pd, posterior dorsal cartilage; pmt, protractor muscle of tongue; rmt; retractor of tongue; rt, respiratory tube; ss, lymph sinus; sv, sinus venosus; t, tongue; v, ventricle; v.ao, ventral aorta; vl, velum; vm, ventral muscles. -Parker, 1900

Lamprey Anatomy

The dissection of a female sea lamprey or Petromyzon marinus. ad, anterior dorsal cartilage; an, annular…

"Cistudo lutaria. Skeleton seen from below; the plastron has been removed and is represented on one side. C, costal plate; Co, coracoid; e, entoplastron; Ep, epiplastron; F, fibula; Fe, femur; H, humerus; Il, ilium; Is, ischium; M, marginal plates; Nu, nuchal plate; Pb, pubis; Pro, pro-coracoid; Py, pygal plates; R, radius; Sc, scapula; T, tibia; U, ulna." -Parker, 1900

Marsh Turtle Skeleton

"Cistudo lutaria. Skeleton seen from below; the plastron has been removed and is represented on one…

"Chelone midas. Transverse section of skeleton. C, costal plate; C', centrum; M, marginal plate; P, lateral element of plastron; R, rib; V, expanded neural plate." -Parker, 1900

Green Turtle Skeleton

"Chelone midas. Transverse section of skeleton. C, costal plate; C', centrum; M, marginal plate; P,…

"Columba livia. Skull of young specimen. A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, left side. al. s, alisphenoid; au, angular; ar, articular; b. o, basi-occipital; d, dentary; e. o, ex-occipital; eu, aperture of Eustachian tube; f. m, foramen magnum; fr, frontal; i.o. s, inter-orbital septum; ju, jugal; lc, lachrymal; lb. s, lambdoidal suture; m. eth, mesethmoid; mx, maxilla; mx. p, maxillo-palatine process; na, na', na'', nasal; o. c, occipital condyle; or. fr, orbital plate of frontal; pa, parietal; pa. s, parasphenoid (rostrum); pl, palatine; p. mx, premaxilla; pt, pterygoid; qu, quadrate; s. an, supra-angular; s. o, supra-occipital; sq, squamosal; ty, tympanic cavity; IL-XII, foramina for cerebral nerves." -Parker, 1900

Rock Pigeon Skull

"Columba livia. Skull of young specimen. A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, left side. al. s, alisphenoid; au,…

"Section showing Granite nucleus, with strata lying on its flanks, the overlapping and continuous portions of which have been denuded off." -Taylor, 1904

Granite Section

"Section showing Granite nucleus, with strata lying on its flanks, the overlapping and continuous portions…

"The principal working parts of the apparatus are the sheet of boiler plate a (fig. 100), the cylinder c, the piston head p, the screw s, and conduit plate d...f, frame." -Walcott, 1901

Intrusion Machine

"The principal working parts of the apparatus are the sheet of boiler plate a (fig. 100), the cylinder…

Well formed jaws, from which the alveolar plate has been removed to expose the developing permanent teeth in their crypt in the jaws.

Development of Permanent Teeth

Well formed jaws, from which the alveolar plate has been removed to expose the developing permanent…

From preparation of the nerve termination in the muscular fibers of a snake. A, End plate seen only broad surfaced. b, End plate seen as narrow surface.

Muscular Fiber Cells of a Snake

From preparation of the nerve termination in the muscular fibers of a snake. A, End plate seen only…

Two striped muscle fibers of the hyoglossus of frog. Labels: a, Nerve end plate; b, nerve fibers leaving the end plate; c, nerve fibers, terminating after diving into branches d, a nucleus in which two nerve fibers anastomose.

Striped Muscle Fibers of a Frog

Two striped muscle fibers of the hyoglossus of frog. Labels: a, Nerve end plate; b, nerve fibers leaving…

A reticulated end-plate. Labels: a, medullated nerve fibers; b, reticulated end-plates.

Reticulated End-Plate

A reticulated end-plate. Labels: a, medullated nerve fibers; b, reticulated end-plates.

The stethograph or pneumograph consists of a thick rubber of elliptical shape about three inches long, to one end of which a rigid gutta-percha tube is attached. Labels: h, tambour fixed at right angles to plate of steel f; c and d, arms by which instrument is attached to chest by belt e. When the chest expands, the arms are pulled asunder, which bends the steel plate, and the tambour is affected by the pressure of b, which is attached to it on the one hand, and to the upright in connection with horizontal screw g.

Stethograph or Pneumograph

The stethograph or pneumograph consists of a thick rubber of elliptical shape about three inches long,…

Nerves of the septum nasi, seen from the right side. I, the olfactory bulb; 1, the olfactory nerves passion through the foramina of the cribriform plate, and descending to be distributed on the septum; 2, the internal or septal twig of the nasal branch of the ophthalmic nerve; 3, naso-palatine nerves.

Nerves of the Septum Nasi

Nerves of the septum nasi, seen from the right side. I, the olfactory bulb; 1, the olfactory nerves…

"Diagram showing cuts of beef. A, neck; B-C, chuck ribs and shoulder-blade; C-D, seven prime ribs; D-E, porterhouse; E-F, thick sirloin; F-H, rump; H-I, round; J, leg; K, top of sirloin; L, flank; M, plate piece; N, O, brisket." -Foster, 1921

Cuts of Beef

"Diagram showing cuts of beef. A, neck; B-C, chuck ribs and shoulder-blade; C-D, seven prime ribs; D-E,…

Motorial end-plate, the termination of a nerve in a fiber of cross-striped muscle.

Termination of a Nerve in a Fiber of Cross-Striped Muscle

Motorial end-plate, the termination of a nerve in a fiber of cross-striped muscle.

"The accompanying engraving is an illustration of a new style vertical mill in which an attempt is made to embody all the improvements which have been suggested by experience, and to furnish a complete vertical cane mill. In this machine the hearing is placed between the rolls, giving access to the boxes; the small wheels are lapped, bringing the minor rolls close together, and dispensing with the guide plate or 'dumb returner;' the main roll has a wide flange; the sweep cap has a square eye fitted to the squared end of the main shaft removable by hand; the weight of the rolls is supported upon the ends of the shafts in adjustable oil-tight boxes; the feed roll is fluted to facilitate the entrance of the cane to the mill; the top and bottom plates are diagonally braced as represent, and the construction of the whole machine is such that the mill may be taken entirely apart by simply unscrewing the corner bolts, no keys being used in any part of the machine." -Commissioner, 1865

Vertical Cane Mill

"The accompanying engraving is an illustration of a new style vertical mill in which an attempt is made…

Transverse section of nail wall and adjacent part of nail plate and nail bed.

Transverse Section of Fingernail Wall

Transverse section of nail wall and adjacent part of nail plate and nail bed.

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid, shown by removing the right lateral mass.

Perpendicular Plate of Ethmoid

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid, shown by removing the right lateral mass.

An illustration of a dog running around a corner and a pan flying in the air.

Running Dog

An illustration of a dog running around a corner and a pan flying in the air.

Vertical section through the upper eyelid. Labels: a, Skin; b, Orbicularis palpebrarum; b', Marginal fasciculus of Orbicularis (ciliary bundle); c, Levator palpebrae; d, Conjuctiva; e, Tarsal plate; f, Meibomian gland; g, Sebaceous gland; h, Eyelashes; i, Small hairs of skin; j, Sweat glands; k, Accessory lacrimal glands.

Vertical Section Through Eyelid

Vertical section through the upper eyelid. Labels: a, Skin; b, Orbicularis palpebrarum; b', Marginal…

Ossification of superior maxilla. A, outer side. B, inner side. C, under side. Labels: a, nasal process; b, orbital plate; c, anterior nasal spine; d, infraorbital groove; e, infraorbital foramen; f, anterior palatine groove; g, palatal process; h, premaxillary suture; i, alveolar process.

Ossification of Superior Maxilla

Ossification of superior maxilla. A, outer side. B, inner side. C, under side. Labels: a, nasal process;…

Shown is norma basalis, which refers to the base of the cranium. Labels: 1, external occipital crest; 2, superior curved line of the occipital bone; 3, foramen magnum; 4, occipital condyle; 5, digastric groove; 6, mastoid process; 7, external auditory meatus; 8, styloid process; 9, glenoid fossa; 10, foramen spinosum; 11, sphenoidal spine; 12, foramen ovale; 13, external pterygoid plate; 14, hamular process of internal pterygoid plate; 15, nasal septum; 16, posterior nasal spine; 17, horizontal plate of palate bone; 18, palatal process of superior maxilla; 19, anterior palatine canal; 20, intermaxillary suture; 21, posterior palatine canal; 22, malar process of superior maxilla; 23, spheno-maxillary fissure; 24, zygomatic fossa; 25, zygomatic arch; 26, posterior openings of left nasal fossa; 27, pterygoid fossa; 28, scaphoid fossa; 29, foramen lacerum medium; 30, opening of osseous Eustachian canal; 31, carotid canal; 32, jugular fossa; 33, stylo-mastoid foramen; 34, jugular process of the occipital bone; 35, groove for occipital artery; 36, mastoid foramen; 37, posterior condylic foramen; 38, inferior curved line of occipital bone; 39, external occipital protuberance.

Base of the Skull

Shown is norma basalis, which refers to the base of the cranium. Labels: 1, external occipital crest;…

Shown is the base of the skull seen from above. Labels: 1, frontal bone; 2, slit for nasal nerve; 3, anterior ethmoidal foramen; 4, posterior ethmoidal foramen; 5, optic foramen; 6, foramen for internal carotid artery formed by anterior and middle clinoid processes; 7, lesser wing of sphenoid; 8, anterior clinoid process, in this case united on its inner side to the middle clinoid process; 9, posterior clinoid process; 10, foramen ovale; 11, groove for middle meningeal artery; 12, foramen spinosum; 13, Hiatus Fallopii; 14, line of petro-squamosal suture; 15, internal auditory meatus; 16, groove for superior petrosal sinus; 17, groove for sigmoid part of lateral sinus; 18, jugular foramen; 19, anterior condylic foramen; 20, groove for lateral sinus; 21, internal occipital protuberance; 22, ridge for attachment of falx cerebri; 23, fossa for the lodgment of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum; 24, ridge for attachment of the falx cerebelli; 25, fossa for the lodgment of the left cerebellar hemisphere; 26, foramen magnum; 27, groove for the sigmoid sinus turning into the jugular foramen; 28, groove for the inferior petrosal sinus running along the line of the suture between the petrous temporal and the basioccipital; 29, depression for the Gasserian ganglion; 30, middle cranial fossa for lodgment of temporal lobe of cerebrum; 31, foramen lacerum medium; 32, carotid groove; 33, dorsum sellae of sphenoid; 34, leads into foramen rotundum; 35, pituitary fossa; 36, olivary eminence of sphenoid; 37, anterior cranial fossa for lodgment of frontal lobes of cerebrum; 38, cribriform plate of ethmoid; 39, crista galli of ethmoid; 40, foramen caecum; 41, crest for attachment of falx cerebri.

Base of the Skull Seen From Above

Shown is the base of the skull seen from above. Labels: 1, frontal bone; 2, slit for nasal nerve; 3,…