The Great Seal of the State of North Dakota. The seal depicts a tree, wheat, a plow, and a Native American on horseback hunting a buffalo. Above is the state motto, "Liberty and Union Now and Forever, One and Inseparable."

Seal of North Dakota

The Great Seal of the State of North Dakota. The seal depicts a tree, wheat, a plow, and a Native American…

The Great Seal of the State of Utah, 1896. The seal shows a bald eagle holding a shield. The shield has a beehive with the motto "Industry."

Seal of Utah

The Great Seal of the State of Utah, 1896. The seal shows a bald eagle holding a shield. The shield…

The Lutheran Church in Philadelphia that Congress met at to "return thanks to the Almighty God for crowning the allied armies of the United States and France with success."

Lutheran Church, Philadelphia

The Lutheran Church in Philadelphia that Congress met at to "return thanks to the Almighty God for crowning…

The Siege of Yorktown or Battle of Yorktown in 1781 was a decisive victory by a combined assault of American forces led by General George Washington and French forces led by General Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by General Lord Cornwallis. It proved to be the last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War, as the surrender of Cornwallis’s army (the second major surrender of the war) prompted the British government to eventually negotiate an end to the conflict.

<p>"Present appearance of the British Works at Yorktown. This view is from the fields in the direction of the American works, looking north. Toward the left is seen a portion of Governor Nelson's house, and on the extreme left, a few other houses in Yorktown appear."—Lossing, 1851

British Works at Yorktown

The Siege of Yorktown or Battle of Yorktown in 1781 was a decisive victory by a combined assault of…

Yorktown was the base of British General Charles Cornwallis during the 1781 siege, which was the last major battle of the American Revolutionary War. The Yorktown Victory Monument commemorates the victory, the alliance with France that brought it about and the resulting peace with England.

The Yorktown Monument

Yorktown was the base of British General Charles Cornwallis during the 1781 siege, which was the last…

Brigham Young (June 1, 1801 – August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. He was the president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death, the founder of Salt Lake City and the first governor of the Utah Territory, United States. Brigham Young University was named in his honor.

Brigham Young

Brigham Young (June 1, 1801 – August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement.…

Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (May 19, 1812 – January 19, 1862) was a newspaperman, three-term United States Congressman from Tennessee, officer in the United States Army, and a Confederate brigadier general during the American Civil War. He led the first Confederate invasion of neutral Kentucky and was killed in action at the Battle of Mill Springs, the first Confederate general to perish in the Western Theater.

Felix Kirk Zollicoffer

Felix Kirk Zollicoffer (May 19, 1812 – January 19, 1862) was a newspaperman, three-term United States…

Zouave was the title given to certain infantry regiments in the French army, normally serving in French North Africa between 1831 and 1962. The name was also adopted during the 19th century by units in other armies, especially volunteer regiments raised for service in the American Civil War. The 11th New York was initially led by Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth, until his death in 1861. The regiment was badly mauled during the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861 as it acted as the rear guard for the retreating Army of the Potomac.

Ellsworth Zouave

Zouave was the title given to certain infantry regiments in the French army, normally serving in French…

Riedesel was the commander of a regiment of soldiers from the Duchy of Brunswick (Braunschweig) among the German units hired by the British during the American Revolution.

Frederick Adolph Riedesel

Riedesel was the commander of a regiment of soldiers from the Duchy of Brunswick (Braunschweig) among…

Beverly Robinson was a military officer born in Virginia in 1764 who fought in the American Revolution.

Beverly Robinson

Beverly Robinson was a military officer born in Virginia in 1764 who fought in the American Revolution.

The house of Beverly Robinson occupied by Benedict Arnold.

The Robinson House

The house of Beverly Robinson occupied by Benedict Arnold.

John Rodgers was an American naval officer who served in the United States Navy from its organization in the 1790s through the late 1830s. His service included the Quasi-War with France and the War of 1812.

Commodore John Rodgers

John Rodgers was an American naval officer who served in the United States Navy from its organization…

John Rodgers (8 August 1812 &ndash; 5 May 1882) was an admiral in the United States Navy.

Rear Admiral John Rodgers

John Rodgers (8 August 1812 – 5 May 1882) was an admiral in the United States Navy.

Theodore Roosevelt organized and helped command the 1st U.S. Volunteer Cavalry Regiment – the Rough Riders – during the Spanish-American War.

Roosevelt and the Rough Riders

Theodore Roosevelt organized and helped command the 1st U.S. Volunteer Cavalry Regiment – the Rough…

Elihu Root (February 15, 1845 &ndash; February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer and statesman and the 1912 recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Elihu Root

Elihu Root (February 15, 1845 – February 7, 1937) was an American lawyer and statesman and the…

William Starke Rosecrans (September 6, 1819 &ndash; March 11, 1898) was an inventor, coal-oil company executive, diplomat, politician, and United States Army officer.

William Starke Rosecrans

William Starke Rosecrans (September 6, 1819 – March 11, 1898) was an inventor, coal-oil company…

John Ross (October 3, 1790 - August 1, 1866), also known as Kooweskoowe - a mythological or rare migratory bird, Principal Chief of the Cherokee Native American Nation.

John Ross

John Ross (October 3, 1790 - August 1, 1866), also known as Kooweskoowe - a mythological or rare migratory…

Lovell Harrison Rousseau (August 4, 1818 &ndash; January 7, 1869) was a general in the United States and Union Armies during the American Civil War and a successful lawyer and politician in both Kentucky and Indiana.

Lovell Harrison Rousseau

Lovell Harrison Rousseau (August 4, 1818 – January 7, 1869) was a general in the United States…

Stephen Clegg Rowan (1808 &ndash; 31 March 1890) was an admiral in the United States Navy who served during the Mexican-American War and the American Civil War.

Stephen Clegg Rowan

Stephen Clegg Rowan (1808 – 31 March 1890) was an admiral in the United States Navy who served…

Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford (26 March 1753 &ndash; 21 August 1814) was an Anglo-American physicist and inventor whose challenges to established physical theory were part of the 19th century revolution in thermodynamics.

Count Rumford

Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford (26 March 1753 – 21 August 1814) was an Anglo-American physicist…

The Battle of Sackett's Harbor took place on May 29, 1813, during the Anglo-American War of 1812.

Sackett's Harbor in 1812

The Battle of Sackett's Harbor took place on May 29, 1813, during the Anglo-American War of 1812.

Samoset (ca. 1590 &ndash; 1653) was the first Native American to make contact with the Pilgrims.

Samoset in the Streets of Plymouth

Samoset (ca. 1590 – 1653) was the first Native American to make contact with the Pilgrims.

William Thomas Sampson (9 February 1840 &ndash; 6 May 1902) was a United States Navy admiral known for his victory in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba during the Spanish-American War.

William Thomas Sampson

William Thomas Sampson (9 February 1840 – 6 May 1902) was a United States Navy admiral known for…

The Confederate privateers were privately owned ships that were authorized by the government of the Confederate States of America to attack the shipping of the United States.

The Savannah, Confederate Privateer

The Confederate privateers were privately owned ships that were authorized by the government of the…

Winfield Scott Schley (9 October 1839 - 2 October 1911) was an admiral of the United States Navy.

Winfield Scott Schley

Winfield Scott Schley (9 October 1839 - 2 October 1911) was an admiral of the United States Navy.

Carl Schurz (March 2, 1829 &ndash; May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionary, American statesman and reformer, and Union Army General in the American Civil War.

Carl Schurz

Carl Schurz (March 2, 1829 – May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionary, American statesman and…

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War.

General John Sedgwick

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union…

Raphael Semmes (September 27, 1809 &ndash; August 30, 1877) was an officer in the United States Navy from 1826 to 1860 and the Confederate States Navy from 1860 to 1865.

Raphael Semmes

Raphael Semmes (September 27, 1809 – August 30, 1877) was an officer in the United States Navy…

William Rufus Shafter (October 16, 1835 &ndash; November 12, 1906) was a Union Army officer during the American Civil War who received America's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Fair Oaks.

William Rufus Shafter

William Rufus Shafter (October 16, 1835 – November 12, 1906) was a Union Army officer during the…

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861&ndash;65). He is pictured here with his generals.

Sherman and His Generals

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–65).…

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Here his troops are burning a railroad station.

Sherman's Troops Burning a Railroad Station

William Tecumseh Sherman served as a General in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Here his…

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters during the March to the Sea.

Sherman's Headquarters

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters during the March to the Sea.

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters in Savannah.

Sherman's Headquarters in Savannah

William Tecumseh Sherman's headquarters in Savannah.

Daniel Edgar Sickles (October 20, 1819 &ndash; May 3, 1914) was a colorful and controversial American politician, Union General in the American Civil War, and diplomat.

Daniel Edgar Sickles

Daniel Edgar Sickles (October 20, 1819 – May 3, 1914) was a colorful and controversial American…

Franz Sigel (November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German military officer and immigrant to the United States who was a teacher, newspaperman, politician, and served as a Union major general in the American Civil War.

Franz Sigel

Franz Sigel (November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German military officer and immigrant to the…

Benjamin Silliman (8 August 1779 – 24 November 1864) was an American chemist, one of the first American professors of science (at Yale University), and the first to distill petroleum.

Benjamin Silliman

Benjamin Silliman (8 August 1779 – 24 November 1864) was an American chemist, one of the first American…

John Slidell (1793 – July 26, 1871) was an American politician, lawyer and businessman.

John Slidell

John Slidell (1793 – July 26, 1871) was an American politician, lawyer and businessman.

Henry Warner Slocum (September 24, 1827 – April 14, 1894), was a Union general during the American Civil War and later served in the United States House of Representatives from New York.

Henry Warner Slocum

Henry Warner Slocum (September 24, 1827 – April 14, 1894), was a Union general during the American…

The meeting between Capt. John Smith, founder of the Virginia colony, and Powhatan, the chief of the Powhatan Native American tribe.

Smith's Meeting with Powhatan

The meeting between Capt. John Smith, founder of the Virginia colony, and Powhatan, the chief of the…

The meeting between Capt. John Smith, founder of the Virginia colony, and Powhatan, the chief of the Powhatan Native American tribe.

Smith Subduing Powhatan

The meeting between Capt. John Smith, founder of the Virginia colony, and Powhatan, the chief of the…

On the day that South Carolina proclaimed sovereignty, a banner for the new state was adopted.

South Carolina Flag

On the day that South Carolina proclaimed sovereignty, a banner for the new state was adopted.

The Battle of South Mountain (known in several early Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap) was fought September 14, 1862, as part of the Maryland Campaign of the American Civil War.

Battle of South Mountain

The Battle of South Mountain (known in several early Southern accounts as the Battle of Boonsboro Gap)…

The Sayre House in Southampton, New York which was occupied by the British during the Revolutionary War.

The Sayre House

The Sayre House in Southampton, New York which was occupied by the British during the Revolutionary…

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 &ndash; May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War. His death at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House is often considered a well known tale of irony.

Scene of Sedgwick's Death

John Sedgwick (September 13, 1813 – May 9, 1864) was a teacher, a career military officer, and…

The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania, was the second battle in Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Overland Campaign of the American Civil War.

Spotsylvania Courthouse

The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, sometimes simply referred to as the Battle of Spotsylvania,…

The angle between the Union II and VI Corps became known as the "Bloody Angle of Spotsylvania", where perhaps some of the most savage fighting of the whole Civil War took place.

Bloody Angle of Spotsylvania

The angle between the Union II and VI Corps became known as the "Bloody Angle of Spotsylvania", where…

Edwin McMasters Stanton (December 19, 1814 &ndash; December 24, 1869) was an American lawyer, politician, United States Attorney General in 1860-61 and Secretary of War through most of the American Civil War and Reconstruction era.

Edwin McMasters Stanton

Edwin McMasters Stanton (December 19, 1814 – December 24, 1869) was an American lawyer, politician,…

The <em>Star of the West</em> was a civilian ship hired by the United States government to transport military supplies and reinforcements to the garrison of Fort Sumter before the American Civil War.

The Star of the West

The Star of the West was a civilian ship hired by the United States government to transport…

John Fitch (January 21, 1743 &ndash; July 2, 1798) was an American inventor, clockmaker, and bronzesmith who built the first recorded steam powered ship in the United States.

Fitch's Steamboat

John Fitch (January 21, 1743 – July 2, 1798) was an American inventor, clockmaker, and bronzesmith…

Frederick Steele (January 14, 1819 &ndash; January 19, 1868) was a career military officer in the United States Army, serving as a major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Frederick Steele

Frederick Steele (January 14, 1819 – January 19, 1868) was a career military officer in the United…

Alexander Hamilton Stephens (February 11, 1812 – March 4, 1883) was an American politician from Georgia. He was Vice President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.

Alexander Hamilton Stephens

Alexander Hamilton Stephens (February 11, 1812 – March 4, 1883) was an American politician from Georgia.…

George Croghan (15 November 1791 &ndash; 8 January 1849) and fought in the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War.

Major George Croghan

George Croghan (15 November 1791 – 8 January 1849) and fought in the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American…

The Congressional Gold Medal presented to Major George Croghan.

Croghan's Medal (Front)

The Congressional Gold Medal presented to Major George Croghan.

The Congressional Gold Medal presented to Major George Croghan.

Croghan's Medal (Back)

The Congressional Gold Medal presented to Major George Croghan.

George Stoneman, Jr. (August 22, 1822 – September 5, 1894) was a career United States Army officer, a Union cavalry general in the American Civil War, and the Governor of California between 1883 and 1887.

General George Stoneman

George Stoneman, Jr. (August 22, 1822 – September 5, 1894) was a career United States Army officer,…

The Battle of Stony Point was a battle of the American Revolutionary War. Here is a view of Stony Point from the Southwest.

<p>"View of Stony Point from the southwest. This view shows a large portion of the morass, and the place where the assaulting party divided and prepared for an attack upon the fort, which was situated where the light-house is seen. The place of the causeway is on the left, denoted by the cattle. When I made this sketch it was quite high water, and the morass, there about one hundred feet wide, was almost covered. There was another place near the river shore, on the right, where the Point was accessible at times. It is distinguished in the sketch by the narrow strip of land extending nearly across the mouth of the morass. Upon this the enemy had dug pits and placed sharpened stakes within them, so that, had the Americans attempted to reach the Point by that way many would have been impaled."—Lossing, 1851

Stony Point

The Battle of Stony Point was a battle of the American Revolutionary War. Here is a view of Stony Point…

Harriet Beecher Stowe (June 14, 1811 &ndash; July 1, 1896) was an American author and abolitionist, whose novel <em>Uncle Tom's Cabin</em> (1852) attacked the cruelty of slavery; it reached millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the U.S. and Britain.

Harriet Elizabeth Beecher Stowe

Harriet Beecher Stowe (June 14, 1811 – July 1, 1896) was an American author and abolitionist,…

Gilbert Charles Stuart (born Stewart) (December 3, 1755 &ndash; July 9, 1828) was an American painter from Rhode Island.

Gilbert Charles Stuart

Gilbert Charles Stuart (born Stewart) (December 3, 1755 – July 9, 1828) was an American painter…

Samuel Davis Sturgis (June 11, 1822 &ndash; September 28, 1889) was an American military officer who served in the Mexican-American War, as a Union general in the American Civil War, and later in the Indian Wars.

Samuel Davis Sturgis

Samuel Davis Sturgis (June 11, 1822 – September 28, 1889) was an American military officer who…

The Red-Legged Seriema (Cariama cristata) is a predatory terrestrial bird in the Cariamidae family of seriemas.

Red-Legged Seriema

The Red-Legged Seriema (Cariama cristata) is a predatory terrestrial bird in the Cariamidae family of…