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The headquarters of Louis Montcalm, the commander of the French forces in the French and Indian War.

Montcalm's Headquarters

The headquarters of Louis Montcalm, the commander of the French forces in the French and Indian War.

The Siege of Yorktown or Battle of Yorktown in 1781 was a decisive victory by a combined assault of American forces led by General George Washington and French forces led by General Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by General Lord Cornwallis. It proved to be the last major land battle of the American Revolutionary War, as the surrender of Cornwallis’s army (the second major surrender of the war) prompted the British government to eventually negotiate an end to the conflict. <p>"Present appearance of the British Works at Yorktown. This view is from the fields in the direction of the American works, looking north. Toward the left is seen a portion of Governor Nelson's house, and on the extreme left, a few other houses in Yorktown appear."—Lossing, 1851

British Works at Yorktown

The Siege of Yorktown or Battle of Yorktown in 1781 was a decisive victory by a combined assault of…

Zouave was the title given to certain infantry regiments in the French army, normally serving in French North Africa between 1831 and 1962. The name was also adopted during the 19th century by units in other armies, especially volunteer regiments raised for service in the American Civil War. The 11th New York was initially led by Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth, until his death in 1861. The regiment was badly mauled during the First Battle of Bull Run in July 1861 as it acted as the rear guard for the retreating Army of the Potomac.

Ellsworth Zouave

Zouave was the title given to certain infantry regiments in the French army, normally serving in French…

"The French-Normandy pendant cross and locket presents a characteristic example of peasant jewelry." - Britannica, 1910

Cross and Locket Pendant

"The French-Normandy pendant cross and locket presents a characteristic example of peasant jewelry."…

"The [earring] is French of 17th century, also of gold open work set with crystals." - Britannica, 1910

Earring

"The [earring] is French of 17th century, also of gold open work set with crystals." - Britannica, 1910

A French Gothic capital from Sainte Chapelle in Paris from the thirteenth century. The capitals were tall and slender, concave in profile, with heavy square or octagonal abaci. After the middle of the thirteenth century the carving became more realistic; the leaves, larger and more mature, were treated as if applied to the capital or moulding, not as if they grew out of it.

French Gothic Capital

A French Gothic capital from Sainte Chapelle in Paris from the thirteenth century. The capitals were…

A fourteenth century capital from transept of Notre Dame, Paris. The capitals were tall and slender, concave in profile, with heavy square or octagonal abaci. After the middle of the thirteenth century the carving became more realistic; the leaves, larger and more mature, were treated as if applied to the capital or moulding, not as if they grew out of it.

French Gothic Capital

A fourteenth century capital from transept of Notre Dame, Paris. The capitals were tall and slender,…

A fifteenth century capital from the north spire of Chartres. The capitals were tall and slender, concave in profile, with heavy square or octagonal abaci. After the middle of the thirteenth century the carving became more realistic; the leaves, larger and more mature, were treated as if applied to the capital or moulding, not as if they grew out of it.

French Gothic Capital

A fifteenth century capital from the north spire of Chartres. The capitals were tall and slender, concave…

The serpent is "a musical instrument, properly of the trumpet family, having a cupped mouthpiece, a conical wooden tube bent to and fro several times and usually covered with leather, and nine fingerholes very irregularly disposed." -Whitney, 1911

Serpent

The serpent is "a musical instrument, properly of the trumpet family, having a cupped mouthpiece, a…

Palazzo Farnese is a prominent High Renaissance palace in Rome, which currently houses the French Embassy in Italy. According to Sir Banister Fletcher it is "the most imposing Italian palace of the sixteenth century."

Plan of Farnese Palace

Palazzo Farnese is a prominent High Renaissance palace in Rome, which currently houses the French Embassy…

The royal Ch&acirc;teau de Chambord at Chambord, Loir-et-Cher, France is one of the most recognizable ch&acirc;teaux in the world because of its very distinct French Renaissance architecture that blends traditional French medieval forms with classical Italian structures.

Plan of Château de Chambord

The royal Château de Chambord at Chambord, Loir-et-Cher, France is one of the most recognizable…

The palais du Louvre in Paris, on the Right Bank of the Seine is a former royal palace, situated between the Tuileries Gardens and the church of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois. Its origins date back to the medieval period and its present structure has evolved in stages since the sixteenth century.

Plan of Louvre and Tuileries, Paris

The palais du Louvre in Paris, on the Right Bank of the Seine is a former royal palace, situated between…

An illustration of section of mine from the Kimberley Mine located in South Africa.

Kimberley Mine Section

An illustration of section of mine from the Kimberley Mine located in South Africa.

The Nave of Bourges Cathedral in France showing the sexpartite vaulting, divided into six parts.

Sexpartite Vaulting

The Nave of Bourges Cathedral in France showing the sexpartite vaulting, divided into six parts.

The "clearstory window of St. Leu d'Esserent, France" showing a sexfoil window, of six petals. -Whitney, 1911

Clerestory

The "clearstory window of St. Leu d'Esserent, France" showing a sexfoil window, of six petals. -Whitney,…

A French shoe of the 9th century, adorned with gems and embroidery.

French Shoe

A French shoe of the 9th century, adorned with gems and embroidery.

"Shrine of St. Calmine, Duke of Aquitaine, in enameled and gilded copper; early 13th century." -Whitney, 1911

Shrine

"Shrine of St. Calmine, Duke of Aquitaine, in enameled and gilded copper; early 13th century." -Whitney,…

&quot;Architectural Refinement from Church of St. Quentin, France ... deviations from the geometrical accuracy of purely structural lines, which have been found widely distributed in architecture before the most modern era.&quot; -Whitney, 1911

Refinement

"Architectural Refinement from Church of St. Quentin, France ... deviations from the geometrical…

An illustration of the front (right) and back (left) of the French contrabassoon.

French Contrabassoon

An illustration of the front (right) and back (left) of the French contrabassoon.

An illustration of Count D'Orsay, a title in the peerage of France. It is named after Orsay.

Count D'Orsay

An illustration of Count D'Orsay, a title in the peerage of France. It is named after Orsay.

"Rocaille coquille, book-plate ornamentation in varying forms of the scallop-shell upon rockwork." -Whitney, 1911

Rocaille Coquille

"Rocaille coquille, book-plate ornamentation in varying forms of the scallop-shell upon rockwork." -Whitney,…

An illustration of a French nobleman.

French Nobleman

An illustration of a French nobleman.

The French Renaissance Leaf design tend to look more formal.

French Leaf Renaissance

The French Renaissance Leaf design tend to look more formal.

The French Renaissance Leaf design tend to look more formal. This design was found in a church in Epernay (Northern France).

French Leaf Renaissance

The French Renaissance Leaf design tend to look more formal. This design was found in a church in Epernay…

The French Renaissance Leaf design tend to look more formal.

French Leaf Renaissance

The French Renaissance Leaf design tend to look more formal.

Modern French Ornament.

Modern French Ornament

Modern French Ornament.

Laurel French Renaissance Band.

Lauren French Renaissance Band

Laurel French Renaissance Band.

The Tomb of Louis XVII Cluster is a fruit Festoon design found in St. Denis, France during the French Renaissance.

Tomb of Louis XVII Cluster

The Tomb of Louis XVII Cluster is a fruit Festoon design found in St. Denis, France during the French…

The Walking Lion is a Modern French statue.

Walking Lion

The Walking Lion is a Modern French statue.

The Sitting Griffin is used as a support of a seat in the Castle of Gaillon during the French Renaissance.

Sitting Griffin

The Sitting Griffin is used as a support of a seat in the Castle of Gaillon during the French Renaissance.

This Modern French Panther head is shown from its front and side view.

Panther Head

This Modern French Panther head is shown from its front and side view.

The Gothic Heraldic Eagle was designed by French Architect Viollet-le-Duc.

Gothic Heraldic Eagle

The Gothic Heraldic Eagle was designed by French Architect Viollet-le-Duc.

The French Eagle is a modern design found at the Opera House in Paris, France. It was designed by Architect Garnier.

French Eagle

The French Eagle is a modern design found at the Opera House in Paris, France. It was designed by Architect…

The French Kings Dolphin Shield was designed in the 15th century.

French Kings Dolphin Shield

The French Kings Dolphin Shield was designed in the 15th century.

The Castle at Blois Dolphin is a design found at the Castle in Blois, France during the French Renaissance.

Castle at Blois Dolphin

The Castle at Blois Dolphin is a design found at the Castle in Blois, France during the French Renaissance.

The Relief Dolphin Head is a French design by Clodion.

Relief Dolphin Head

The Relief Dolphin Head is a French design by Clodion.

The Dolphin Panel Ornament was designed during the French Renaissance.

Dolphin Panel Ornament

The Dolphin Panel Ornament was designed during the French Renaissance.

This Dolphin Head was designed in a Cathedral in Limoges, France during French Renaissance.

Dolphin Head

This Dolphin Head was designed in a Cathedral in Limoges, France during French Renaissance.

The Pilaster Grotesque mask comes from a part of a capital pilaster of the tomb of Louis XII in St. Denis, France during the French Renaissance.

Pilaster Grotesque Mask

The Pilaster Grotesque mask comes from a part of a capital pilaster of the tomb of Louis XII in St.…

The Modern French Grotesque Mask were used on keystones, consoles, spouts, handles, shields, capitals, panels and carved furniture.

Modern French Grotesque

The Modern French Grotesque Mask were used on keystones, consoles, spouts, handles, shields, capitals,…

The Modern French Grotesque Masks were used on keystones, consoles, spouts, handles, shields, capitals, panels and carved furniture.

Modern French Grotesque Mask

The Modern French Grotesque Masks were used on keystones, consoles, spouts, handles, shields, capitals,…

The Late French Grotesque Mask, found in the Theater de Bellecour in Lyons, France. The design was used on keystones, consoles, spouts, handles, shields, capitals, panels and carved furniture.

Late French Grotesque

The Late French Grotesque Mask, found in the Theater de Bellecour in Lyons, France. The design was used…

This Modern French Grotesque mask is found at the Ministry of War in Paris, France. This design used on keystones, consoles, spouts, handles, shields, capitals, panels, and carved furniture.

Evil Modern French Grotesque

This Modern French Grotesque mask is found at the Ministry of War in Paris, France. This design used…

This Blunt Grotesque mask is found in the castle of Ecouen in France in 1538.

Blunt Grotesque Mask

This Blunt Grotesque mask is found in the castle of Ecouen in France in 1538.

This Medallion Medusa Head is a French design.

Medallion Medusa Head

This Medallion Medusa Head is a French design.

The Winged Grotesque pilaster is a squatting winged female without arms. It is found on the tomb of Louis XII in the St. Denis church. It was designed during the French Renaissance.

Winged Grotesque Pilaster

The Winged Grotesque pilaster is a squatting winged female without arms. It is found on the tomb of…

The Sitting Sphinx is a modern French Andiron design that was sculpted by Piat.

Sitting Sphinx

The Sitting Sphinx is a modern French Andiron design that was sculpted by Piat.

This trophy clock panel was designed during the French Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Trophy Clock Panel

This trophy clock panel was designed during the French Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory…

This music trophy clock panel was designed during the French Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory that were used to decorate monuments connected with war.

Music Trophy Clock Panel

This music trophy clock panel was designed during the French Renaissance. Trophies were tokens of victory…

The door-head symbol is made out of carved wood. A French design, It symbolizes painting during the 18th century.

Door-Head Symbol

The door-head symbol is made out of carved wood. A French design, It symbolizes painting during the…

This large vase was designed for the tomb of Louis XII in the Church of St. Denis, France during the French Renaissance.

Large Vase

This large vase was designed for the tomb of Louis XII in the Church of St. Denis, France during the…

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

Angle Border Interlacement Band

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

Angle Border Interlacement Band

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

Angle Border Interlacement Band

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

Angle Border Interlacement Band

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

Angle Border Interlacement Band

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

Angle Border Interlacement Band

The angle border interlacement band is a Modern French design.

The Louvre Torus Moulding is a French Renaissance design of foliage. It is found in the Louvre museum in Paris, France.

Louvre Torus Moulding

The Louvre Torus Moulding is a French Renaissance design of foliage. It is found in the Louvre museum…

The Louvre Torus Moulding is a French Renaissance design of foliage. It is found in the Louvre museum in Paris, France.

Louvre Torus Moulding

The Louvre Torus Moulding is a French Renaissance design of foliage. It is found in the Louvre museum…

The Louvre Torus Moulding is a French Renaissance design of foliage. It is found in the Louvre museum in Paris, France.

Louvre Torus Moulding

The Louvre Torus Moulding is a French Renaissance design of foliage. It is found in the Louvre museum…