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This is a plan of the Temple of Edfu in Egypt. This is an example of Egyptian–style architecture. The key shows the architectural features of the Pylon (A), entrance door (B), Great Court (C), Hall of Columns (D), Second Hall (E), Hall of the Altar (F), Hall of the Centre (G), Sanctuary (H), and storerooms (K).

Plan of the Temple of Edfu, 2134–1999 BC

This is a plan of the Temple of Edfu in Egypt. This is an example of Egyptian–style architecture.…

This is an Egyptian Man's costume that was worn by priests during the 5th Dynasty. It shows a man wearing a triangular wrap skirt.

Egyptian Man's Costume

This is an Egyptian Man's costume that was worn by priests during the 5th Dynasty. It shows a man wearing…

This is a woman's Egyptian costume. It is a on piece fitted pant costume.

Woman's Egyptian Costume

This is a woman's Egyptian costume. It is a on piece fitted pant costume.

This is an Egyptian Man's costume that was typically worn during the 5th Dynasty. It consists of a triangular wrap skirt with a belt tied around the waist.

Egyptian Man's Costume

This is an Egyptian Man's costume that was typically worn during the 5th Dynasty. It consists of a triangular…

This is an Egyptian Man's costume that was typically worn during the Old Kingdom. It consists of a wrap skirt with a belt tied around the waist.

Egyptian Man's Costume

This is an Egyptian Man's costume that was typically worn during the Old Kingdom. It consists of a wrap…

Karnak is a vast grouping of ruined temples, chapels, pylons and other buildings located mear Luxor, Egypt. Built over 1300 years ago, it consists of large columns arranged in rows. It was constructed under the rein of Sesostris I in the Middle Kingdom.

Karnak

Karnak is a vast grouping of ruined temples, chapels, pylons and other buildings located mear Luxor,…

The Sphinx of Ramses II is a 3,300 year old Egyptian monument. Ramses II was the third Pharaoh of the 19th dynasty. He is also known as "The Great Ramses" because he was celebrated as the most powerful Pharaoh.

The Sphinx of Ramses II

The Sphinx of Ramses II is a 3,300 year old Egyptian monument. Ramses II was the third Pharaoh of the…

Bow instruments can be used for drawing small circles. Hold the the left hand and spin the nut in or out with the finger to avoid wear and stripping the thread. "Small adjustments should be made with one hand, with needle point in position on the paper." — French, 1911

Drawing Small Circles with Bow Instrument

Bow instruments can be used for drawing small circles. Hold the the left hand and spin the nut in or…

This stringed instrument is a combination of a banjo, guitar, and mandolin. Each of the heads that stick out of the fingerboard provides a separate set of metallic strings secured to the head and to a common tail piece.

Multiple Stringed Musical instrument

This stringed instrument is a combination of a banjo, guitar, and mandolin. Each of the heads that stick…

A lamp is an electrical device used to create artificial light. This lamp uses the reflection of a convex surface, and a ring fitting to engage the incandescent light bulbs.

Dual Output Electric lamp

A lamp is an electrical device used to create artificial light. This lamp uses the reflection of a convex…

Scissors are hand operated cutting instruments. They consist of a pair of metal blades, or tangs, connected in such a way that the sharpened edges slide against each other.

Large Scale Scissors

Scissors are hand operated cutting instruments. They consist of a pair of metal blades, or tangs, connected…

The piano is a musical instrument which is played by means of a keyboard. Widely used in Western music for solo performances, ensemble use, chamber music, and accompaniment, the piano is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the piano's versatility and ubiquity have made it one of the world's most familiar musical instruments.

Keyboard Piano

The piano is a musical instrument which is played by means of a keyboard. Widely used in Western music…

A musical instrument is an object constructed or used for the purpose of making the sounds of music. In principle, anything that produces sound can serve as a musical instrument. The history of musical instruments dates back to the beginnings of human culture. The academic study of musical instruments is called organology.

Musical Instrument

A musical instrument is an object constructed or used for the purpose of making the sounds of music.…

Scissors are hand operated cutting instruments. they consist of a pair of metal blades, or tangs, connected in such a way that the sharpened edges slide against each other.

A Pair of Scissors

Scissors are hand operated cutting instruments. they consist of a pair of metal blades, or tangs, connected…

These calipers are used to measure the external size of an object. The same observations and technique apply to this type of caliper, as for the above inside caliper. With some understanding of their limitation and usage these instruments can provide a high degree of accuracy and repeatability. They are especially useful when measuring over very large distances, consider if the calipers are used to measure a large diameter pipe.

Precision Calipers and Dividers

These calipers are used to measure the external size of an object. The same observations and technique…

The guitar is a musical instrument of the chordophone family. The standard guitar has six strings, others are also available. Guitars are recognized as one of the primary instruments in jazz, rock, and pop music.

Nylon String Classical Guitar

The guitar is a musical instrument of the chordophone family. The standard guitar has six strings, others…

A pocket protector is a sheath designed to hold writing instruments and other small implements, such as slide rules, while preventing them from damaging the wearer's shirt pocket. The pocket protector is designed to fit neatly inside the breast pocket of a man's shirt, and may accommodate pens, pencils, screwdrivers, small slide rules, and various other small items. A flap overlapping the pocket exterior helps to secure the pocket protector in place.

Pocket Protector

A pocket protector is a sheath designed to hold writing instruments and other small implements, such…

This is a late model toothbrush framing, toothbrushes are instruments which are made using a small brush on a handle. Toothbrushes clean teeth through tooth brushing.

Tooth Brush Framing

This is a late model toothbrush framing, toothbrushes are instruments which are made using a small brush…

Scissors are hand-operated cutting instruments. They consist of a pair of metal blades, or tangs, connected in such a way that the sharpened edges slide against each other.

Large Pair of Scissors

Scissors are hand-operated cutting instruments. They consist of a pair of metal blades, or tangs, connected…

An illustration of fourteenth century architecture, dress, and musical instruments at Nursted Court, Kent. The nobles and the rich ore on the left talking, while the musicians and the juggler on the right are entertaining the nobles. The musicians are playing kettle drum, shawm, Portative (hand organ), vielle, and a harp.

Musician and Nobles in Nursted Court

An illustration of fourteenth century architecture, dress, and musical instruments at Nursted Court,…

A group of musicians playing at Nursted Court entertaining the nobles. The musicians, from left to right, are playing a shawm, Portative (hand organ), vielle, and harp.

Musicians at Nursted Court

A group of musicians playing at Nursted Court entertaining the nobles. The musicians, from left to right,…

This is the arm rest for musicians who play violin, the arm rest is a musical instrument implement used to facilitate the musician when playing music.

Arm Rest for Musical Instruments

This is the arm rest for musicians who play violin, the arm rest is a musical instrument implement used…

An illustration of an oboe double reed. The cane is folded in half and shaped. The bottom is wrapped with wire and special string. This is then into a small cork. The top and bottom of the reed vibrates to produce sound.

Oboe Double Reed

An illustration of an oboe double reed. The cane is folded in half and shaped. The bottom is wrapped…

An illustration of a clarinet mouthpiece and reed. The reed (b) is placed into the whole in the mouthpiece. The sound is produced by vibrating reed.

Clarinet Mouthpiece with Reed

An illustration of a clarinet mouthpiece and reed. The reed (b) is placed into the whole in the mouthpiece.…

The treble instrument of the family of modern bowed instruments, held nearly horizontal by the player's arm with the lower part supported against the collarbone or shoulder.

Musical Violin

The treble instrument of the family of modern bowed instruments, held nearly horizontal by the player's…

Any of various measuring instruments for measuring a quantity

General Purpose Meter

Any of various measuring instruments for measuring a quantity

Profile of an Egyptian woman.

Woman

Profile of an Egyptian woman.

Ten notable ancient Egyptian rulers, including Ramses III, Seti I, Gemahlin Amenophis III, Ptolemaeus Euergetes II, Nefertari, Arsinoe II Philadelphus, Aethopian, Cleopatra II, and Mutemua XVII.

Celebrities of Ancient Egypt

Ten notable ancient Egyptian rulers, including Ramses III, Seti I, Gemahlin Amenophis III, Ptolemaeus…

Egyptians using pulleys to build a pyramid.

Building the Pyramids

Egyptians using pulleys to build a pyramid.

The length of the Dashur pyramid is approximately 200 feet.

Pyramid of Dashur

The length of the Dashur pyramid is approximately 200 feet.

A 68-foot stone pillar located at Al-Matariyyah part of Heliopolis. It is considered to be the earlier obelisk built that is still in its original position.

Obelisk of Heliopolis

A 68-foot stone pillar located at Al-Matariyyah part of Heliopolis. It is considered to be the earlier…

A profile view of Queen Tai, the wife of Amenophis III, pharaoh of Egypt.

Queen Tai

A profile view of Queen Tai, the wife of Amenophis III, pharaoh of Egypt.

Sometimes known as Amenhotep III. Ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Egyptian dynasty.

Amenophis III

Sometimes known as Amenhotep III. Ninth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Egyptian dynasty.

Also known as Akhenaten. Ruled as pharaoh of the Eighteenth Egyptian dynasty for 17 years.

Statue of Amenophis IV

Also known as Akhenaten. Ruled as pharaoh of the Eighteenth Egyptian dynasty for 17 years.

Gallery of columns. Built by Ramses III during ancient Egypt.

Temple of Chesnu at Karnak

Gallery of columns. Built by Ramses III during ancient Egypt.

Built by Seti I and completed by his son Ramses II. The pillars in this temple contain carvings of very fine quality.

The Temple of Abydos

Built by Seti I and completed by his son Ramses II. The pillars in this temple contain carvings of very…

Also known as Ramses II. A profile portrait of Ramses the Great with carvings behind his head. He is often regarded as one of the most powerful pharaohs throughout history.

Ramses the Great

Also known as Ramses II. A profile portrait of Ramses the Great with carvings behind his head. He is…

The city of Thebes was a major city during the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. Portrays the wreckage of the city, with many buildings and pillars eroded.

Ruins of Thebes

The city of Thebes was a major city during the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. Portrays the wreckage of the city,…

Also known as Merneptah. He ruled Egypt as pharaoh for ten years, and was the thirteenth son of Ramessess II.

Menepta

Also known as Merneptah. He ruled Egypt as pharaoh for ten years, and was the thirteenth son of Ramessess…

From a Bas-Relief of the Oldest Dynasty, Memphis. Depicts two men plowing with two oxen.

Egyptians Plowing

From a Bas-Relief of the Oldest Dynasty, Memphis. Depicts two men plowing with two oxen.

"The houses of the artisans and husbandmen were generally of brick, and were as well furnished as the houses of the workingmen of to-day, and perhaps better built. In humbler homes the stools and benches and cots were of primitive patterns and rude workmanship; but in the houses of the well-to-do and wealthy the tables, beds, and chairs were elaborately finished and ornamented in the highest style with foreign woods and quaint devices of workmanship." —Ridpath, 1885

Egyptian Dwelling

"The houses of the artisans and husbandmen were generally of brick, and were as well furnished as the…

"When an Egyptian died the friends of the deceased went at once to the embalmer, By him they were shown a set of models, that is, wooden images painted and wrapped in imitation of the different styles of mummies prepared at the establishment. The models were divided into three classes; first, second, and third; and among these the friends selected according to their rank and means. The dead body was then delivered to the embalmers, by whom the brain was removed through the nostrils. Then an incision was made in the left side with a sharp stone. Through this opening the entire viscera were removed, and being cleansed by washing with palm wine, were covered with pounded aromatics and deposited in four urns. The cavity of the body was filled with powdered myrrh, cassia, and other fragrant substances, and the wound carefully sewn up. The whole body was then packed for seventy days in salt and carbonate of soda, at the end of which time it was washed and then wrapped in linen bands anointed on the inner surface with a certain gum which acted as glue. The mummy was finally put into a wooden case in the form of a man, and delivered to the relatives, by whom it was set upright against the wall in one of the rooms of their house."—Ridpath 1885

Process of Embalming

"When an Egyptian died the friends of the deceased went at once to the embalmer, By him they were shown…

A column depicting the Egyptian god Osiris. Osiris is usually affiliated with the Afterlife, the underworld and the dead.

Column of Osiris

A column depicting the Egyptian god Osiris. Osiris is usually affiliated with the Afterlife, the underworld…

Column located in the Temple of Denderah, with masks of Hathor, an Egyptian sky goddess of love and joy, adorning the top.

Column from the Temple of Denderah, with Hathor Masks, Time of Cesar

Column located in the Temple of Denderah, with masks of Hathor, an Egyptian sky goddess of love and…

A column depicting carvings and images of life in Thebes.

Column from Thebes

A column depicting carvings and images of life in Thebes.

Portrait of Jean-Francois Champollion, a French scholar and decipherer of Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Champollion

Portrait of Jean-Francois Champollion, a French scholar and decipherer of Egyptian hieroglyphs.

"The pyramids of Egypt are well entitled to a place among the most interesting curiosities in the world. The principal ones stand opposite Cairo, on the west side of the river Nile. They are built of stones, which overleap each other, and thus form steps from the bottom to the top. The perpendicular height of the largest is about 500 feet, and the area of its basis contains nearly 500,000 square feet, or something more than eleven English acres of ground."—Blake, 1825

Ancient Pyramid

"The pyramids of Egypt are well entitled to a place among the most interesting curiosities in the world.…

A wheel from an Ancient Egyptian chariot.

Chariot Wheel

A wheel from an Ancient Egyptian chariot.

"Early Egyptian Pictures. Ploughing, breaking clods, and sowing."—Gordy, 1912

Early Egyptian Pictures

"Early Egyptian Pictures. Ploughing, breaking clods, and sowing."—Gordy, 1912

"The skeleton lay on the left side with knees drawn up and hands raised to the head. About it were various articles of food and vessels of pottery."—Webster, 1913

A Prehistoric Egyptian Tomb

"The skeleton lay on the left side with knees drawn up and hands raised to the head. About it were various…

"1, 'war' (Dakota Indian); 2, 'morning' (Ojibwa Indian); 3, 'nothing' (Ojibwa Indian); 4 and 5, 'to eat' (Indian, Mexican, Egyptian, etc)."—Webster, 1913

Examples of Picture Writing

"1, 'war' (Dakota Indian); 2, 'morning' (Ojibwa Indian); 3, 'nothing' (Ojibwa Indian); 4 and 5, 'to…

A series of correspondence on clay tablets between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru.

The Amarna Tablet

A series of correspondence on clay tablets between the Egyptian administration and its representatives…

"A black granite statue of the youthful Ramses II. It is probably a faithful portrait. No better work was ever produced by the Egyptian sculpture."—Webster, 1913

Ramses II Seated

"A black granite statue of the youthful Ramses II. It is probably a faithful portrait. No better work…

A fragment of an Ancient Egyptian text, which provided the key to the modern understanding of Egyptian hieroglyphics.

The Rosetta Stone, Front View

A fragment of an Ancient Egyptian text, which provided the key to the modern understanding of Egyptian…

An ancient amulet of Egypt.

An Egyptian Scarab

An ancient amulet of Egypt.

An Ancient Egyptian temple complex founded in 1400 B.C.E.

Luxor Temple

An Ancient Egyptian temple complex founded in 1400 B.C.E.

A statue of a man who recorded books and/or documents during the era of Ancient Egypt.

An Egyptian Scribe

A statue of a man who recorded books and/or documents during the era of Ancient Egypt.

Illustrations of various surgical instruments used in Pompeii, Italy.

Surgical Instruments from Pompeii

Illustrations of various surgical instruments used in Pompeii, Italy.

"Supposed portrait of one of the overseers of the work on the Great Pyramid. This is one of the masterpieces of Egyptian sculpture."—Myers, 1904

The Sheikh-El-Beled

"Supposed portrait of one of the overseers of the work on the Great Pyramid. This is one of the masterpieces…

A species of beet.

Crosby's Improved Egyptian

A species of beet.