ClipArt ETC
"A maple-tree, prob. so called from its pointed leaves. ex. Sugar maple"-Whitney, 1902

Acer

"A maple-tree, prob. so called from its pointed leaves. ex. Sugar maple"-Whitney, 1902

Leaves coming off a creeping or horizontal stem.

Hydrocotyle

Leaves coming off a creeping or horizontal stem.

Stems 4-angled; flowers small, in dense clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Lycopus

Stems 4-angled; flowers small, in dense clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Leaves with central mid-vein and smaller veins branching from this.

Rorippa

Leaves with central mid-vein and smaller veins branching from this.

Leaves with several prominent rib-like veins running from base to apex.

Alismaceae

Leaves with several prominent rib-like veins running from base to apex.

Leaves with blunt lobes; flower conspicuous, purple, not on a fleshy axis enclosed in a leaf-like sheath.

Pontederia

Leaves with blunt lobes; flower conspicuous, purple, not on a fleshy axis enclosed in a leaf-like sheath.

Leaves usually with sharp lobes; flowers individually inconspicuous, on a fleshy axis snclosed in a leaf-like sheath.

Peltandra

Leaves usually with sharp lobes; flowers individually inconspicuous, on a fleshy axis snclosed in a…

Leaves large (2 dm long or more), coming out of stout underground stems.

Nuphar

Leaves large (2 dm long or more), coming out of stout underground stems.

Leaves toothed; veins of leaf irregular.

Centella

Leaves toothed; veins of leaf irregular.

Leaves entire; veins of leaf nearly parallel.

Heteranthera

Leaves entire; veins of leaf nearly parallel.

"a, case containing caterpillar; b, cases in winter; c, head and thoracic joints of larva, enlarged; d, moth (the cross shows natural walnut case-bearer, feeds upon walnut and hickory, fastening the leaves together and skeletonizing them from base to tip."-Whitney, 1902

Acrobasis

"a, case containing caterpillar; b, cases in winter; c, head and thoracic joints of larva, enlarged;…

Plant large, over 5dm tall; flowers large, white, pink, or purplish.

Hibiscus

Plant large, over 5dm tall; flowers large, white, pink, or purplish.

Leaves mostly basal, heart shaped; flowers purple.

Pontederia

Leaves mostly basal, heart shaped; flowers purple.

Sheaths around stem above each point of leaf-attachment; flowers white to red, not fragrant.

Polygonum

Sheaths around stem above each point of leaf-attachment; flowers white to red, not fragrant.

Stems with no sheaths; flowers white, fragrant.

Saururus

Stems with no sheaths; flowers white, fragrant.

Leaves large, 2 dm or more in diameter, impossible to wet; flowers solitary, showy, yellow.

Nelumbo

Leaves large, 2 dm or more in diameter, impossible to wet; flowers solitary, showy, yellow.

Leaves with several very prominent ribs running from base to apex.

Alismaceae

Leaves with several very prominent ribs running from base to apex.

Plants white-powdery above; plants extremely large, usually over 1 m.

Thalia

Plants white-powdery above; plants extremely large, usually over 1 m.

Plants smaller; not wite-powdery above; leaves shed water easily; flowers along fleshy spike enclosed in a leafy sheath.

Orontium

Plants smaller; not wite-powdery above; leaves shed water easily; flowers along fleshy spike enclosed…

Flowers many; leaves large, over 10cm long.

Pontederia

Flowers many; leaves large, over 10cm long.

Flowers solitary; leaves small, less than 5 cm long.

Heteranthera

Flowers solitary; leaves small, less than 5 cm long.

"Acute Leaves, 'sharp at the end'"-Whitney, 1902

Acute Leaves

"Acute Leaves, 'sharp at the end'"-Whitney, 1902

Flowers not showy, in axils of leaves, mostly purple.

Ammannia

Flowers not showy, in axils of leaves, mostly purple.

Leaves covered with tiny black dots visible with lens; flowers small, white.

Gratiola

Leaves covered with tiny black dots visible with lens; flowers small, white.

Flowers white, or, if pink, with a yellow or green eye in the center.

Sabatia

Flowers white, or, if pink, with a yellow or green eye in the center.

Flowers small, white, gathered in dense, sessile clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Lycopus

Flowers small, white, gathered in dense, sessile clusters in the axils of the leaves.

Leaves small, mostly under 3cm long; usually with black dots visible with a lens covering them.

Gratiola

Leaves small, mostly under 3cm long; usually with black dots visible with a lens covering them.

Leaves long petioled; flowers inconspicuous.

Boehmeria

Leaves long petioled; flowers inconspicuous.

Leaves sessile or very short petioled; flowers showy.

Rhexia

Leaves sessile or very short petioled; flowers showy.

Leaves long petioled; flowers minute, in sessile clusters on branch.

Boehmeria

Leaves long petioled; flowers minute, in sessile clusters on branch.

Flowers white or purplish.

Eupatorium

Flowers white or purplish.

Leaves large, mostly over 6 cm wide; flowers yellow, very large.

Canna

Leaves large, mostly over 6 cm wide; flowers yellow, very large.

Leaves smaller; flowers individually small, in terminal spike-like clusters.

Habenaria

Leaves smaller; flowers individually small, in terminal spike-like clusters.

Plant with broad leaves, many basal; flowers stalked and drooping.

Rumex

Plant with broad leaves, many basal; flowers stalked and drooping.

Plant with narrower leaves, none basal; flowers sessile, in terminal spikes.

Polygonum

Plant with narrower leaves, none basal; flowers sessile, in terminal spikes.

Leaves not over twice as long as broad.

Samalus

Leaves not over twice as long as broad.

Sepals united at base into a tube enclosing the ovary and later the fruit; leaves with spines in axils.

Hydrolea

Sepals united at base into a tube enclosing the ovary and later the fruit; leaves with spines in axils.

flowers solitary or a few in hte axils of the leaves.

Hygrophila

flowers solitary or a few in hte axils of the leaves.

Leaves aromatic when crushed.

Pluchea

Leaves aromatic when crushed.

Large leaves, over 5 cm broad; flowers large, over 5cm across.

Hibiscus

Large leaves, over 5 cm broad; flowers large, over 5cm across.

Flowers conspicuous, white, 4-petaled.

Neobeckia

Flowers conspicuous, white, 4-petaled.

Flowers sessile, in the axils of the leaves; fruit a single 3-angled nutlet.

Proserpinaca

Flowers sessile, in the axils of the leaves; fruit a single 3-angled nutlet.

"…a fleshy fruit containing several large jet-black seeds partly embedded in a white spongy aril.."-Whitney, 1902

Akee fruit

"…a fleshy fruit containing several large jet-black seeds partly embedded in a white spongy aril.."-Whitney,…

In 1859, John Brown collected a small body of men, white and black, in the mountains of Maryland. He made a sudden attack upon Harper's Ferry, where there was a United States arsenal, which he seized and held for a few hours. The attack was a direct assault upon slavery. Brown had resolved to carry the war into what he regarded as the enemy's country, and he expected to see the slaves flock to his standard. There were few at the North who knew of his purpose; and the country, North and South, was amazed at the act. John Brown was wounded and taken prisoner; some of his associates were killed, and some were taken with him. He was tried by the State of Virginia, sentenced, and hanged. His action was generally condemned by the people, but many declared him a martyr to freedom, and accused slavery of provoking him to the deed. His act, moreover, deepened the feeling of the South that the North was in a hostile attitiude; and public opinion at the South held the North responsible for Brown's movement."—Scudder, 1897

John Brown

In 1859, John Brown collected a small body of men, white and black, in the mountains of Maryland. He…

A pair of sugar beetles resting on leaves.

Sugar Beetle

A pair of sugar beetles resting on leaves.

"In the common European Cock-Chafer, <em>Melolontha vulgaris</em>, they are of considerable length, especially the male, and fold up like the leaves of a fan. These insects fly well, but heavily, with a loud whirring noise; but they generally grawl slowly." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Cockchafer

"In the common European Cock-Chafer, Melolontha vulgaris, they are of considerable length,…

"In the European Stag Beetle, <em>Lucanus cervus</em>, as well as the <em>L. dama</em> of our country, called the <em>Horn Beetle</em>, the leaves are short and distinct, rendering the club pectinated." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Stag Beetle

"In the European Stag Beetle, Lucanus cervus, as well as the L. dama of our country,…

"This term, from the latting <em>gala</em>, the oak-apple, and <em>colo</em>, to inhabit, is applied to a tribe of insects which are almost exclusively vegetable feeders, which includes the well-known Gall-Insect, <em>Cynips gallae tinctoriae</em>. The females of these punture the leaves, buds, and other parts of plants and trees, depositing an egg in the wound, accompanied probably by some irritiating fluid, which causes a diseased growth in the part, and thus produces the excrescences known as <em>galls</em>." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Gall Insects

"This term, from the latting gala, the oak-apple, and colo, to inhabit, is applied…

"The Sybil Butterfly, <em>P. Sybilla</em>, sometimes called the <em>Mourning Butterfly</em>, is a common European species, flying in the dog-days, the upper part of the wings of a brownish-black, with a white band across the middle; beneath they are of an ashy-blue, with black spots." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Sybil Butterfly

"The Sybil Butterfly, P. Sybilla, sometimes called the Mourning Butterfly, is a common…

"The Galatea Butterfly, <em>P. Galatea</em>, A Euoprean species, called <em>The Half-Mourning Butterfly</em>, has the wings slightly denticulated; they are of a brownish-yellow, with the base and extremities black, and spotted with white." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Half-Mourning Butterfly

"The Galatea Butterfly, P. Galatea, A Euoprean species, called The Half-Mourning Butterfly,…

"If the guide stops a moment all the followers halt; if he continues the route, they all hasten after him; if he makes a circuit, they all make the circuit also. Should they find a branch of fresh green leaves, they immediately prepare to feast upon it; the ranks spread themselves upon it, each one touching his neighbor, so that not a part of the branch escapes their depridations." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Processionary Caterpillars

"If the guide stops a moment all the followers halt; if he continues the route, they all hasten after…

"If the guide stops a moment all the followers halt; if he continues the route, they all hasten after him; if he makes a circuit, they all make the circuit also. Should they find a branch of fresh green leaves, they immediately prepare to feast upon it; the ranks spread themselves upon it, each one touching his neighbor, so that not a part of the branch escapes their depridations." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Processionary Caterpillars

"If the guide stops a moment all the followers halt; if he continues the route, they all hasten after…

"Arabesque is a style of ornamentation in which are represented men, animals (the latter consisting of mythic as well as actual forms); plants, with leaves, flowers and fruit; mathematical figures, etc.; the whole put together in a whimsical way, so that, for instance, the animals not merely rest upon the plants, but grow out of them like blossoms."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Arabesque Archway

"Arabesque is a style of ornamentation in which are represented men, animals (the latter consisting…

"These animals, often called <em>White Ants</em>, live in vast communities, principally in the hotter regions of the earth, where they do incredible damage by devouring almost every thing that comes in their way." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

White Ants

"These animals, often called White Ants, live in vast communities, principally in the hotter…

"Begonia is an extensive genus of succulent-stemmed herbaceous plants, order Begoniace&aelig;, with fleshy oblique leaves of various colors, and showy unisexual flowers, the whole perianth colored. They readily hybridize, and many fine varieties have been raised from the tuberous-rooted kinds. From the shape of their leaves they have been called elephant's ear. Almost all the plants of the order are tropical."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Begonia Rex

"Begonia is an extensive genus of succulent-stemmed herbaceous plants, order Begoniaceæ, with…

"The breadfruit is a large, globular fruit of a pale-green color, about the size of a child's head, marked on the surface with irregular six-sided depressions, and containing a white and somewhat fibrous pulp, which when ripe becomes juicy and yellow. The tree that produces it grows wild in Tahiti and other islands of the South Seas. it is about 40 feet high, with large and spreading branches, and has large bright green leaves, deeply divided into seven or nine spear-shaped lobes. The eatable part of this fruit lies between the skin and the core, and it is as white as snow and somewhat of the consistence of new bread."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Breadfruit

"The breadfruit is a large, globular fruit of a pale-green color, about the size of a child's head,…

"The breadfruit is a large, globular fruit of a pale-green color, about the size of a child's head, marked on the surface with irregular six-sided depressions, and containing a white and somewhat fibrous pulp, which when ripe becomes juicy and yellow. The tree that produces it grows wild in Tahiti and other islands of the South Seas. it is about 40 feet high, with large and spreading branches, and has large bright green leaves, deeply divided into seven or nine spear-shaped lobes. The eatable part of this fruit lies between the skin and the core, and it is as white as snow and somewhat of the consistence of new bread."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Breadfruit Fruit

"The breadfruit is a large, globular fruit of a pale-green color, about the size of a child's head,…

"Cacao, or cocoa, is the chocolate tree, and also the powder and beverage made with it obtained from the fruit of this tree. The tree is 16 to 18 feet high, a native of tropical America, and much cultivated in the tropics of both hemispheres, especially in the West India Islands, Central and South America. Its fruit is contained in pointed, oval, ribbed pods 6 to 10 inches long, each inclosing 50 to 100 seeds in a white, sweetish pulp. The term coca is a corruption of cacao, but is more commonly used in commerce: cocoa nuts, however, are obtained from an entirely different tree."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Cacao Plant

"Cacao, or cocoa, is the chocolate tree, and also the powder and beverage made with it obtained from…

"Caladium is a genus of endogenous plants, the typical one of the family caladie&aelig;. They are cultivated in greenhouses here, and flourish in warmer parts of the world. The leaves of the caladium are boiled and eaten in the West Indies."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Caladium

"Caladium is a genus of endogenous plants, the typical one of the family caladieæ. They are cultivated…

"The Canada Goose is an American wild goose 30 to 35 inches long, brownish above, lighter below, head, neck, bill and feet black, a white patch on the cheek; breeds in the N. of the continent and migrates S. when the frost becomes severe."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Canada Goose

"The Canada Goose is an American wild goose 30 to 35 inches long, brownish above, lighter below, head,…