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A mandolin is a musical instrument in the lute family (plucked, or strummed). It is descended from the mandore, a soprano member of the lute family. It has a body with a teardrop-shaped soundboard, or one which is essentially oval in shape, with a soundhole, or soundholes, of varying shapes which are open and are not decorated with an intricately carved grille like the Baroque era mandolins.

Mandolin

A mandolin is a musical instrument in the lute family (plucked, or strummed). It is descended from the…

An illustration of a flowering mandrake plant. Mandrake is the common name for members of the plant genus Mandragora belonging to the nightshades family (Solanaceae). Because mandrake contains deliriant hallucinogenic tropane alkaloids such as hyoscyamine and the roots sometimes contain bifurcations causing them to resemble human figures, their roots have long been used in magic rituals, today also in neopagan religions such as Wicca and Germanic revivalism religions such as Odinism.

Flowering Mandrake Plant

An illustration of a flowering mandrake plant. Mandrake is the common name for members of the plant…

An illustration of a flowering branch of a mango tree; a, flower; b, part of inflorescence; c, pistil; d, fruit; c, seed. Mangoes belong to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous species of tropical fruiting trees in the flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is indigenous to the Indian Subcontinent.

Flowering Branch of a Mango Tree

An illustration of a flowering branch of a mango tree; a, flower; b, part of inflorescence; c, pistil;…

An illustration of branch of mangrove; a, flowers; b, a flower laid open; c, pistil; d, trichoblast in bark highly magnified. Mangroves (generally) are trees and shrubs that grow in saline (brackish) coastal habitats in the tropics and subtropics. The word is used in at least three senses: (1) most broadly to refer to the habitat and entire plant assemblage or mangal, for which the terms mangrove swamp and mangrove forest are also used, (2) to refer to all trees and large shrubs in the mangal, and (3) narrowly to refer to the mangrove family of plants, the Rhizophoraceae, or even more specifically just to mangrove trees of the genus Rhizophora. Mangals are found in depositional coastal environments where fine sediments, often with high organic content, collect in areas protected from high energy wave action.

Branch of Mangrove

An illustration of branch of mangrove; a, flowers; b, a flower laid open; c, pistil; d, trichoblast…

Marginella is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails. The shells of the species in this genus have spires which range from moderately elevated to flattened. The surface of the shell is glossy and porcellaneous, and it is often but not always colorful.

Marginella

Marginella is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Marginellidae, the…

The Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris) is a small North American songbird of the wren family. It is sometimes called Long-billed Marsh Wren to distinguish it from the Sedge Wren, also known as Short-billed Marsh Wren. Adults have brown upperparts with a light brown belly and flanks and a white throat and breast. The back is black with white stripes. They have a dark cap with a white line over the eyes and a short thin bill.

Marsh Wren

The Marsh Wren (Cistothorus palustris) is a small North American songbird of the wren family. It is…

"Ox Botfly. a.-- larva, full grown, natural size; b,-- pupa; c.-- perfect insect. Botfly, Gadfly, and Warble-fly, names common to many insects of the family OEstridae, the genus OEstrus of Linnaeus." -Vaughan, 1906

Ox Botfly

"Ox Botfly. a.-- larva, full grown, natural size; b,-- pupa; c.-- perfect insect. Botfly, Gadfly, and…

The American marten (Martes americana) is a North American member of the Mustelidae family, sometimes referred to as the Pine Marten. The term Pine Marten is also used to refer to a separate Martes species from Europe. It differs from the fisher (Martes pennanti) in that it is smaller in size, has a pelage which is usually brown with an irregularly shaped chest-patch that is lighter in color.

American Marten

The American marten (Martes americana) is a North American member of the Mustelidae family, sometimes…

The House Martin (Delichon urbicum), sometimes called the Northern House Martin or Common House Martin, is a migratory passerine bird of the swallow family which breeds in Europe, north Africa and temperate Asia; and winters in sub-Saharan Africa and tropical Asia. It feeds on insects which are caught in flight, and it migrates to climates where flying insects are plentiful. It has a blue head and upperparts, white rump and pure white underparts, and is found in both open country and near human habitation.

House Martin

The House Martin (Delichon urbicum), sometimes called the Northern House Martin or Common House Martin,…

Proboscidea is a genus of flowering plant in the family Martyniaceae, some of whose species are known as devil's claw, devil's horn, ram's horn, or unicorn plant. The plants produce long, hooked seed pods. The hooks catch on the feet of animals, and as the animals walk, the pods are ground or crushed open, dispersing the seeds.

Proboscidea

Proboscidea is a genus of flowering plant in the family Martyniaceae, some of whose species are known…

The Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu) is a tree in the Arecaceae family of palms.

Sago Palm

The Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu) is a tree in the Arecaceae family of palms.

Aerial (top) view of Barn Swallow's bill "Hirundo horreorum. Barn Swallow. Bill of moderate size for this family, of the usual shape, with straight commissure; nostrils lateral overarched by a membranous scale." Elliot Coues, 1884

Barn Swallow Bill

Aerial (top) view of Barn Swallow's bill "Hirundo horreorum. Barn Swallow. Bill of moderate size for…

Mastodons or Mastodonts are members of the extinct genus Mammut of the order Proboscidea and form the family Mammutidae; they resembled, but were distinct from, the woolly mammoth, which belongs to the family Elephantidae. Mastodons were browsers, while mammoths were grazers.

Mastodon

Mastodons or Mastodonts are members of the extinct genus Mammut of the order Proboscidea and form the…

Matricaria is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Some of the species have the common name of "mayweed," but this name also refers to plants not in this genus. Most are very common in the temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and America, as well as in northern and southern Africa, and some are naturalised in Australia. M. occidentalis is native to North America; other species have been introduced there.

Mayweed

Matricaria is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). Some of the species…

An illustration of a Mayapple plant. "a, the flower-bud with the bractlets; b, a stamen; c, the pistil; d, the fruit; e, the fruit cut longitudinally." -Century, 1889 Podophyllum peltatum (the mayapple) is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Berberidaceae, native to the eastern part of North America. The stems grow to 30-40 cm tall, with palmately lobed leaves up to 20-30 cm diameter with 5-9 deeply cut lobes. The plant produces two growth forms. The ones with a single umbrella-like leaf do not produce any flower or fruit. The plants having a twin leaf (rarely three-leaf) structure, however, bear a single white flower 3-5 cm diameter with six (rarely up to nine) petals, between the two leaves; this matures into a yellow-greenish fruit 2-5 cm long. The plant appears in colonies in open woodlands. Individual shoots are often connected by systems of thick tubers and rhizomes.

Mayapple

An illustration of a Mayapple plant. "a, the flower-bud with the bractlets; b, a stamen; c, the pistil;…

Thalictrum is a genus of 120-200 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae. The common name is meadow-rue. They are not related to the rues (family Rutaceae). They are perennial herbaceous plants, growing to 0.5-2.5 m tall depending on the species. They are usually found in shaded or damp locations, with a sub-cosmopolitan range throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere and also south to southern Africa and tropical South America, but absent from Australasia. It is most common in temperate regions of the world, twenty-two species are found in North America.

Meadow-rue

Thalictrum is a genus of 120-200 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae. The common…

"Ammodramus. Seaside Sparrow. Bill remarkably slender and lengthened for this family, with culmen toward end, gonys straight, and sometimes an evident lobation of the cutting edge of the upper mandible. Wings short and rounded, yet longer than tail; inner secondaries, though not elongate, reaching nearly to end of primaries when wing is closed; point formed by 2d-4th quills. Feet large and stout, reaching outstretched about to the end of tail; tarsus about equal to middle toe and claw in length; lateral toes of equal lengths, very short, their claws under reaching base of middle claw. Tail shorter or not longer than wings, much rounded, of narrow, stiffish, sharp-pointed feathers. Embracing small streaky marsh sparrows, especially of the sea-coast, but not exclusively maritime, as long supposed; remarkable for slenderness of the bill, sharp narrow tail-feathers, and stout feet fitted for grasping slender swaying reeds. Edge of wing bright yellow; a yellow spot of buff stripe on head; upper parts olive-gray or quite blackish, streaky." Elliot Coues, 1884

The Details of a Seaside Sparrow

"Ammodramus. Seaside Sparrow. Bill remarkably slender and lengthened for this family, with culmen toward…

"Passerella iliaca. Eastern Fox Sparrow. General color above ferrugineous or rusty-red, purest and brightest on the rump, tail, and wings, on the other upper parts appearing in streaks laid on an ashy ground. Below, white, variously but thickly marked except on the belly and crissum with rusty-red- the markings anteriorly in the form of diffuse confluent blotches, on the breast and sides consisting chiefly of sharp arrow-head spots and pointed streaks. Tips of middle and greater wing-coverts forming two whitish bars. Upper mandible dark, lower mostly yellow; feet pale. One of the finest singers of the family; quite unlike any other Eastern species of sparrow. A large handsome species." Elliot Coues, 1884

Fox Sparrow

"Passerella iliaca. Eastern Fox Sparrow. General color above ferrugineous or rusty-red, purest and brightest…

The megapodes, also known as incubator birds or mound-builders, are stocky, medium-large chicken-like birds with small heads and large feet in the family Megapodiidae. Their name literally means large foot and is a reference to the heavy legs and feet typical of these terrestrial birds. All are browsers, all but the Malleefowl occupy wooded habitats, and most are brown or black colored. Megapodes are superprecocial, hatching from their eggs in the most mature condition of any birds. They hatch with open eyes, with bodily coordination and strength, with full wing feathers and downy body feathers, able to run, pursue prey, and, in some species, fly on the same day they hatch.

Mound-builders

The megapodes, also known as incubator birds or mound-builders, are stocky, medium-large chicken-like…

An illustration of Melampyrum stem; "a, a flower; b, the fruit; c, a bract." -Century, 1889 Melampyrum is a genus of about 10-20 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They are hemiparasites on other plants, obtaining some mineral nutrients from the host plant, though they are able to survive on their own without parasitising other plants. Melampyrum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Mouse Moth.

Melampyrum

An illustration of Melampyrum stem; "a, a flower; b, the fruit; c, a bract." -Century, 1889 Melampyrum…

An illustration of a black seadevil with a fish in its stomach. Black seadevils are small, deep-sea lophiiform fish comprising the family Melanocetidae. There are five known species (with only two given common names), all within the genus Melanocetus. They are found in tropical to temperate waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Ocean, with one species known only from the Ross Sea.

Black Sea Devil with Fish in Stomach

An illustration of a black seadevil with a fish in its stomach. Black seadevils are small, deep-sea…

Commonly called Persian Lilac, White Cedar, Chinaberry or Bead Tree, Lunumidella, Ceylon Cedar, Melia azedarach(syn. M. australis, M. japonica, M. sempervivens, M. dubia ), is a deciduous tree in the mahogany family Meliaceae, native to India, southern China and Australia. In South Africa it is commonly but erroneously called Syringa, which is in fact the lilac genus. The genus Melia includes four other species, occurring from southeast Asia to northern Australia. They are all deciduous or semi-evergreen trees.

Persian Lilac

Commonly called Persian Lilac, White Cedar, Chinaberry or Bead Tree, Lunumidella, Ceylon Cedar, Melia…

An illustration of "1, flowering branch of Menispermum Canadense; 2, a deeply lobed leaf; a, the male flower; b, the female flower; c, the pistils and a stamen; d, vertical section through on of the pistils; e, the fruit." -Century, 1889 Menispermum canadense (Canadian Moonseed, Common Moonseed, or Yellow Parilla) is a flowering plant in the family Menispermaceae, native to eastern North America, from southern Canada south to northern Florida, and from the Atlantic coast west to South Dakota and Texas. It occurs in thickets, moist woods, and the banks of streams.

Canadian Moonseed

An illustration of "1, flowering branch of Menispermum Canadense; 2, a deeply lobed leaf; a, the male…

Chroneken Der Sassen is a print that was designed be German artist Peter Schoffer in 1492. The drawing is possibly a genealogy tree, tracing family lineage.

Chroneken Der Sassen

Chroneken Der Sassen is a print that was designed be German artist Peter Schoffer in 1492. The drawing…

"An expression of great massiveness is the main characteristics of this Florentine style, which was principally applied in the architecture of the palaces. The forms which were borrowed from the Roman columnar construction do not in this style, as they do more or less in the other styles of the Renaissance, constitute a pseudo-architecture. The massiveness, however, of the Florentine palaces conveys rather the notion of a fortress than of a mansion of a wealthy nobleman, and this impression is increased by the smallness of the windows in comparison with the rest of the building. This is especially the case with those façades which are entirely constructed of considerably projecting ashlar of irregular size, and to a less degree in the case of those the lowest storey of which alone displays these large undressed blocks." The palace was designed by Michelozzo di Bartolomeo for Cosimo de' Medici, of the Medici family, and was built between 1445 and 1460. It was well known for its stone masonry that includes rustication and ashlar. The tripartite elevation was used here as a revelation of the Renaissance spirit of rationality, order, and classicism of human scale. This tripartite division is emphasized horizontal stringcourses that divide the building into stories of decreasing height. This makes the building seem lighter as the eye moves up to the extremely heavy cornice that caps and clearly defines the building's outline. Michelozzo di Bartolomeo was influenced in his building of this palace by both Roman principles and Brunelleschian principles. During the Renaissance revival of classical culture, Roman elements were often replicated in architecture, both built and imagined in paintings. In the Palazzo Medici Riccardi, the rusticated masonry and the cornice had precedents in Roman art.

Riccardi Palace at Florence

"An expression of great massiveness is the main characteristics of this Florentine style, which was…

"Those palaces which like the back of the Strozzi Place are constucted of dressed blocks with a less decided projection, present a more elegant appearance." Palazzo Strozzi is a palace in Florence, Italy. The Palace was begun in 1489 by Benedetto da Maiano, for Filippo Strozzi the Elder, a rival of the Medici who had returned to the city in November 1466 and desired the most magnificent palace to assert his family's continued prominence and, perhaps more importantly a political statement of his own status. A great number of other buildings were acquired during the 70s and demolished to provide enough space for the new construction. Giuliano da Sangallo the Younger provided a wood model of the design. Filippo Strozzi died in 1491, long before the construction's completion in 1538. Duke Cosimo I de' Medici confiscated it in the same year, not returning it to the Strozzi family until thirty years later.

Strozzi Palace at Florence

"Those palaces which like the back of the Strozzi Place are constucted of dressed blocks with a less…

"Picoïdes. Three-toed Woodpeckers. Three-toed: the hallux (1st toe) absent, the 4th toe reversed as usual in the family. Bill as in Picus proper, about as long as the head, stout, straight, with bevelled end and lateral ridges, and nasal tufts hiding the nostrils; very broad and much depressed at base, with the lateral ridges very low down, in most of their length close to and parallel with commissure; nostrils very near commissure; gonys about as long as from nostrils to end of bill. Wings very pointed; 1st quill spurious; 2d between 6th and 7th in length. Crown with a square yellow patch in the male; sides of head striped, of body barred, with black and white; under parts otherwise white; quills but not coverts with white spots; tail-feathers unbarred, the outer white, the central black. All the species of this genus are unquestionably modified derivatives of one circumpolar stock; the American seem to have become completely differentiated from the Asiatic and European, and further divergence seems to have perfectly separated arcticus from americanus; but dorsalis and americanus are still linked together. Elliot Coues, 1884

Three-toed Woodpeckers

"Picoïdes. Three-toed Woodpeckers. Three-toed: the hallux (1st toe) absent, the 4th toe reversed…

"A certain originality and freedom of intervention is perceptible in the buildings of the early period of the Venetian Renaissance style; the old style is happily blended with the new, which during the first stage is still imbued with Romanesque conceptions." The Vendramin were a rich merchant family of Venice, Italy. What is now the most prominent "Palazzo Vendramin" in Venice, the splendid Ca' Vendramin Calergi by Mauro Codussi on the Grand Canal, was in fact only inherited by the family in 1739, and is now the casino, also famous as the place where Richard Wagner died in 1883. Some rooms are kept as a museum commemorating Wagner's stay. The 16th century Ca' Vendramin di Santa Fosca in the Cannaregio quarter, now also a hotel, is where Gabriele Vendramin's collection was housed. Yet another is the 16th or possibly 17th century "Palazzo Vendramin dei Carmini", in Dorsoduro, most of which is now occupied by part of the University of Venice.

Vendramin Palace at Venice

"A certain originality and freedom of intervention is perceptible in the buildings of the early period…

The mesites (Mesitornithidae) are a family of birds of uncertain affinities. They are smallish, near flightless birds endemic to Madagascar. Generally brownish with paler undersides, they are of somewhat pheasant-like appearance and were initially placed with the Galliformes. Most commonly, they are placed in the Gruiformes (cranes, rails and allies), but this has been disputed in more recent times. They are the only family with more than two species in which every species is threatened; all three are listed as vulnerable and are expected to decline greatly in the next 20 years.

Mesites

The mesites (Mesitornithidae) are a family of birds of uncertain affinities. They are smallish, near…

"Ortyx virginiana. Virginia Partridge or "Quail". Bobwhite. Male: Forehead, superciliary line, and throat, white, bordered with black; crown, neck all round,and upper part of breast, brownish-red; other parts tawny-whitish, all with more or fewer doubly-crescentic black bars; crissum rufous; sides broadly striped with brownish-red; upper parts variegated with chestnut, black, gray and tawny, the latter edging in the inner quills, forming a continuous line when the wing in closed. Female: Known by having the throat buff instead of white, less black about the fore-parts, and general coloration subdued. The reddish of this bird is of a peculiar dull pinkish shade. The black crescents of the under parts are scarcely or not half the width of the intervening white spaces; the bill is not jet black." Elliot Coues, 1884

Bob-white Family

"Ortyx virginiana. Virginia Partridge or "Quail". Bobwhite. Male: Forehead, superciliary line, and throat,…

"Squatarola. Four-toed Plover. A small but distinct hind toe, contrary to the rule in this family. Tail less than half as long as wing. Tarsus much longer than middle toe and claw. Tibia bare below, reticulate like the tarsus. Basal web between outer and middle toes. Upper plumage speckled, lower black or white; no rings or bars of color about head or neck. Legs dark-colored. Tail fully barred. Seasonal changes of plumage very; sexes alike." Elliot Coues, 1884

Four-toed Plover Bill and Hind Toe

"Squatarola. Four-toed Plover. A small but distinct hind toe, contrary to the rule in this family. Tail…

"Another small family, characterized by the extreme length of the slender legs, and the extreme slenderness of the long acute bill, which is either straight or curved upward. Recurvirostra is a 4-toed, and full-webbed; the bill is decidedly recurved, flattened, and tapers to a needle-like point; the body is depressed; the plumage underneath is thickened as in water-birds. The species swim well. Himantopus is 3 toes, semipalmate, the bill nearly straight, and not flattened; in relative length of leg it is probably not surpassed by any bird whatsoever. " Elliot Coues, 1884

Avocets Head and Foot

"Another small family, characterized by the extreme length of the slender legs, and the extreme slenderness…

Georges d'Amboise (1460 – May 25, 1510) was a French Roman Catholic cardinal and minister of state. He belonged to the house of Amboise, a noble family possessed of considerable influence: of his nine brothers, four were bishops. His father, Pierre d'Amboise, seigneur de Chaumont, was chamberlain to Charles VII and Louis XI and ambassador at Rome. Georges' eldest brother, Charles, was governor of the île-de-France, Champagne and Burgundy, and councillor of Louis XI. This image "represents a characteristic specimen of French Renaissance decoration".

Tomb of Cardinal d'Amboise at Rouen

Georges d'Amboise (1460 – May 25, 1510) was a French Roman Catholic cardinal and minister of state.…

The Palazzo Pitti, in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace, is a vast mainly Renaissance palace in Florence, Italy. It is situated on the south side of the River Arno, a short distance from the Ponte Vecchio. The core of the present palazzo dates from 1458 and was originally the town residence of Luca Pitti, an ambitious Florentine banker. The palace was bought by the Medici family in 1549 and became the chief residence of the ruling families of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. It grew as a great treasure house as later generations amassed paintings, plates, jewelry and luxurious possessions. In the late 18th century, the palazzo was used as a power base by Napoleon, and later served for a brief period as the principal royal palace of the newly united Italy. The palace and its contents were donated to the Italian people by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1919, and its doors were opened to the public as one of Florence's largest art galleries. Today, it houses several minor collections in addition to those of the Medici family, and is fully open to the public. "Columns, pilasters, and mouldings are intermingled and intertwined in a fantastic and meaningless manner, the cornices are often interrupted; the essentially component parts of the architecture are frequently mutilated; for instance, columns and wall-pilasters are executed in rustic work, i. e., formed of extensively projecting hewn stones, yet are furnished with a capital and base as is shown [in this image], which is an illustration taken from the Late Italian Renaissance. For the sake of peculiarity, the various component elements assumed a form diametrically opposed to their original designation; mere decorative and secondary details were raised to the rank of essentials, whilst the real principal forms sank to an entirely subordinate position."

Part of the Back of the Pitti Palace at Florence

The Palazzo Pitti, in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace, is a vast mainly Renaissance palace…

"The French town houses differ, moreover, essentially in entire design, which influences their style, from those of other countries. This remark does not apply to those houses which are calculated for one family only, nor to the palatial residences of the nobility and plutocracy, which the French call Hôtels. This difference partly consists in the universal employment of the ground-floor as shops, which are only separated from the street by an opening which is glazed over and supported by individual iron girders. The whole façade consequently appears rather to be suspended in the air than supported architecturally. Over the shop, there is almost always an entresol, that is to say, a low storey between the ground floor and the first storey. The restriction to a certain height which the façade may not exceed has a determinating influence on the form of the topmost portion of the building, inasmuch as above this height the façade is terminated by an offset which slopes backwards over the upper storey [shown here]. Projecting balconies are, moreover, usual along the whole length of the façades, making the divisions into storeys. When these balconies are not met with, the windows of each storey come down to the top of the storey below, or at any rate nearly so, and have iron balustrades in front of them; this construction is partly owing to the storeys from their great number being so low that without this remedy the windows would appear too small and badly proportioned. The lowness of the storeys necessarily exercises a prejudicial effect on the architectural beauty of the façades; so that it is difficult to impart any structural significance to the houses, which consequently only convey and sense of beauty through their details."

Façade of a House in Paris

"The French town houses differ, moreover, essentially in entire design, which influences their style,…

Flies in the family Syrphidae are commonly known as hoverflies, flower flies, or syrphid flies.As their common names suggest, they are often seen hovering or nectaring at flowers; the adults of many species feed mainly on nectar and pollen, while the larvae (maggots) eat a wide range of foods. In some species, the larvae are saprotrophs, eating decaying plant and animal matter in the soil or in ponds and streams. In other species, the larvae are insectivores and prey on aphids, thrips, and other plant-sucking insects.

Hoverfly

Flies in the family Syrphidae are commonly known as hoverflies, flower flies, or syrphid flies.As their…

Fire corals are colonial marine organisms that look rather like real coral. However they are technically not corals; they are actually more closely related to jellyfish and other stinging anemones. They are members of the phylum Cnidaria, class Hydrozoa, order Capitata, family Milleporidae.

Fire Coral

Fire corals are colonial marine organisms that look rather like real coral. However they are technically…

The European bullhead, Cottus gobio, is a fish of the Cottidae family that is widely distributed in Europe. It is a type of sculpin and has two alternative names: miller's thumb and tommy logge.

European Bullhead

The European bullhead, Cottus gobio, is a fish of the Cottidae family that is widely distributed in…

"Gallinago wilsoni. American Snipe. Wilson's Snipe. "English" Snipe. Jack-Snipe. Crown black, with a pale ochrey middle stripe. upper parts brownish-black, varied with bright bay and tawny, the scapular feathers smoothly and evenly edged with tawny or whitish, forming two lengthwise stripes on each side when the wings are folded. Quills and greater coverts blackish-brown, usually with white tips, and outer web of first primary usually white. Lining of wings and axillars white, fully and regularly barred with black. Rump black, the feathers with white tips. Upper tail-coverts tawny with numerous black bars, and tail-feathers black basally, then bright chestnut, with a narrow subterminal black bar, their tips fading to whitish; some of the lateral ones white, with little rufous tinge and several instead of one black nearly white; sides of body shaded with brown, and with numerous regular dusky bars throughout; crissum more or less rufous, with numerous dusky bars." Elliot Coues, 1884

Family of Snipes

"Gallinago wilsoni. American Snipe. Wilson's Snipe. "English" Snipe. Jack-Snipe. Crown black, with a…

Stories for children is a children's book by Francis Peard. This is one of the drawings in the book that was created by English artist Heywood Sumner in 1896. It seems to depict a family riding in a fast carriage.

Stories for Children

Stories for children is a children's book by Francis Peard. This is one of the drawings in the book…

"Dromaeognathous skull of ostrich, nat. size specimen no. 16,629, U.S. Nat Museum, by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, U.S.A. RR, rostrum, beyond which the ossified nasal septum continues in the axis of the skull to the letters "Pmx." V, the short vomer, borne upon R, uniting laterally with Mxp, the broad maxillo-palatines; Pl, palatines, remote from rostrum, underrunning beyond Mxp, but not to Pmx. Pt, expanded scroll-like pterygoids, atriculating behind with Btp, the strong basipterygoid processes on the body (not rostum) of the sphenoid; they underlap R, but do not articulate there. Pmx, premaxillaries; Mx, maxillaries, whose ends run forward to opposite the letters "Pmx"; jugal; qj, quadrato-jugal; Qu, quadrate. (N.B. This is the most exceptional case of dromaeognathism. Each of the Ratite families - Struthionidae, Rheidae, Casuariidae, Dinornithidae, and Apterygidae, - as well as the Carinate family Tinamidae, offers a special case of such formation, as explained in the text.)." Elliot Coues, 1884

The Skull Structure of an Ostrich

"Dromaeognathous skull of ostrich, nat. size specimen no. 16,629, U.S. Nat Museum, by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt,…

"The Berlin school, whose founder was Schinkel, the architect of the noble Berlin Theatre, and of the Museum, which is noteworthy for its magnificent façade, exhibited a decided inclination towards Grecian architecture, and strove to attain a certain purity of form, and delicacy and elegance in details, which where for the most part carried out in the Grecian style. He had to contend against a deficiency in building material. Owing to want of building-stone, the mouldings, and indeed all the architectural details, were unavoidably carried out in stucco; nor was this all, but in order to give the same durability, they were made to project as little as possible. Consequently this architectural style, with the exception of some few public buildings, seemed flat and wanting in power, especially in the case of private dwelling-houses, and frequently presented the appearance of pasteboard-work, or cabinet-work, rather than of a structural edifice. This facility also which stucco afforded for enriching the façade, caused more attention to be paid to decoration than it was entitled to, for ornament should always be kept in subservience to the main and constructive architectural forms." The Altes Museum (German for Old Museum), is one of several internationally renowned museums on Berlin's Museum Island in Berlin, Germany. Since restoration work in 1966, it houses the antique collection (Antikensammlung) of the Berlin State Museums. The museum was built between 1825 and 1828 by the architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel in the neoclassical style to house the Prussian Royal family's art collection. Until 1845, it was called the Royal Museum.

Theatre at Berlin

"The Berlin school, whose founder was Schinkel, the architect of the noble Berlin Theatre, and of the…

George Washington, born in Virginia, February 22nd, 1732 was the eldest of five children. He was inquisitive, docile and diligent with a talent for leadership. His first surveying job established his reputation in that field. At nineteen, he was appointed military inspector with the rank of major. He continued for many years of service in his military career finally retiring to private life in 1758. On January 6th, 1759, he married Mrs. Martha Custis, a widow. With the revolution approaching he was commissioned to take command of the army. He leadership skills were to carry him though the years of difficulty ahead. The succesful siege of Yorktown was a victory that put a finish to the war. On the 25th of November, 1783, a peace treaty with Britain was ratified. Once again he retired to private life, spending the next several years devoted to his family and farm. In 1787 he was chosen as president of the convention to revise the federal system held at Philadelphia. With the new constitution about to go into operation, Washington was unanimously chosen as the first president of the United States.

George Washington

George Washington, born in Virginia, February 22nd, 1732 was the eldest of five children. He was inquisitive,…

Patrick Henry, born in 1736, was an active figure in the American Revolution, known and remembered for his "Give me Liberty, or give me Death!" speech. He was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Along with Samuel Adams and Thomas Paine, he is remembered as one of the most influential and radical advocates of the American Revolution and the republic. He was strong in his denunciations of corruption in government officials and his defense of historic rights June 6, 1799. In 1798 President John Adams nominated Henry special emissary to France, but he had to decline because of failing health. At the urging of Washington was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates as a Federalist. Three months prior to taking his seat in the state legislature, he died of stomach cancer on June 6, 1799, while at Red Hill, his family's large plantation.

Patrick Henry

Patrick Henry, born in 1736, was an active figure in the American Revolution, known and remembered for…

This banjo has a rim with straining wires stretched across the head, held together by three adjustable screw pins. The end of the instrument has tuning pegs which are located at the end of the neck shaped after an oblique shape. The banjo shown is an instrument of the guitar family that has a long neck and circular body.

Rendered View of a Banjo

This banjo has a rim with straining wires stretched across the head, held together by three adjustable…

A couch is a generic term in North America and Australia, for an item of furniture designed to seat more than one person. Typically it will have an armrest on either side. Couches are normally found in the family room, living room, den or the lounge. They are covered in a variety of textiles or in leather.

Front View of a Settee

A couch is a generic term in North America and Australia, for an item of furniture designed to seat…

In domestic work of the fourteenth century, the chimney piece was greatly increased in order to allow of the members of the family sitting on either side of the fire on the hearth, and in these cases great beams of timber were employed to carry the hood; in such cases the fireplace was so deeply recessed as to become externally an important architectural feature, as at Haddon Hall.

Large Brickwork Mantel

In domestic work of the fourteenth century, the chimney piece was greatly increased in order to allow…

The guitar is a musical instrument of the chordophone family. The standard guitar has six strings, others are also available. Guitars are recognized as one of the primary instruments in jazz, rock, and pop music.

Nylon String Classical Guitar

The guitar is a musical instrument of the chordophone family. The standard guitar has six strings, others…

The Ohmer fare register was, in various models, a mechanical device for registering and recording the fares of passengers on streetcars, busses and taxis in the early 20th century. It was invented and improved by members and employees of the Ohmer family of Dayton, Ohio. This latter company employed up to 9,000 people at one time and was a major manufacturer of precision equipment during World War 1.

Ohmer Fare Register

The Ohmer fare register was, in various models, a mechanical device for registering and recording the…

The illustration of a lady from the Burgess family. This shows how women of nobility would dress during the fourteenth century. The Lady Burgess is wearing a crown like head piece with cloth covering the head.

Lady of Burgess Family

The illustration of a lady from the Burgess family. This shows how women of nobility would dress during…

An illustration of Earl Gilbert de Clare of Gloucester and Hertford. He was the grandson of Edward I, and the son of Joan of Acre and the sixth Earl of Hertford, and was one of the powerful English noble.

Earl Gilbert de Clare of Gloucester

An illustration of Earl Gilbert de Clare of Gloucester and Hertford. He was the grandson of Edward I,…

An illustration of a Traveller's Palm or Traveller's Tree which is a species of plant from Madagascar. It is actually not really a palm, but a member of the bird of paradise family.

Traveller's Palm

An illustration of a Traveller's Palm or Traveller's Tree which is a species of plant from Madagascar.…

A hairy aromatic perennial herb (Nepeta cataria) in the mint family, native to Eurasia and containing an aromatic oil to which cats are strongly attracted.

Toy Catnip Ball

A hairy aromatic perennial herb (Nepeta cataria) in the mint family, native to Eurasia and containing…

An illustration of Prince Charles Albert of Carignano, born in Turin on 1798. Prince Albert succeeded Charles Felix in Sardinia in 1831.

Prince Charles Albert of Carignano

An illustration of Prince Charles Albert of Carignano, born in Turin on 1798. Prince Albert succeeded…

"The existing members of the family are referable to at least two genera, the one Africa and the other Asiatic. The first genus, Anthropopithecus, is typified by the West African chimpanzee, A. troglodytes, and is characterized by the absence of excessive elevation in the skull, by the fore limb not reaching more than halfway down the shin, the presence of thirteen pairs of ribs, the well developed great toe, the absence of a centrale in the carpus, and the black or grey hair." —Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910

Young Chimpanzee in Tree

"The existing members of the family are referable to at least two genera, the one Africa and the other…

The treble instrument of the family of modern bowed instruments, held nearly horizontal by the player's arm with the lower part supported against the collarbone or shoulder.

Musical Violin

The treble instrument of the family of modern bowed instruments, held nearly horizontal by the player's…

A genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae.

Ampullaceum Saccolabium

A genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae.

A genus of six species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, native to Tanzania and adjacent southeastern Kenya in eastern tropical Africa, with a concentration of species in the Nguru mountains of Tanzania.

Flowering Saintpaulia

A genus of six species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Gesneriaceae, native to…

A genus of herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees in the family Chenopodiaceae, native to Africa, Asia, and Europe.

Sprig Salsola

A genus of herbs, subshrubs, shrubs, and small trees in the family Chenopodiaceae, native to Africa,…

This plant belongs to the saxifragaceae family; a genus of mainly large herbs..

Crassifolia Saxifraga

This plant belongs to the saxifragaceae family; a genus of mainly large herbs..