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(1800-1891) Historian and diplomat that wrote a 10 volume History of the United States and established the Naval Academy at Annapolis

George Bancroft

(1800-1891) Historian and diplomat that wrote a 10 volume History of the United States and established…

(1837-1902) American author that wrote biographies of American Indians and the History of the United States.

Edward Eggleston

(1837-1902) American author that wrote biographies of American Indians and the History of the United…

(1818-1894) British writer and historian who wrote the History of England and the controversial novel the Nemesis of Faith

James A. Froude

(1818-1894) British writer and historian who wrote the History of England and the controversial novel…

(59 B.C.- A.D.17) Roman historian who wrote 142 books regarding the entire history of Rome. This work is the foundation of historical writings.

Livy

(59 B.C.- A.D.17) Roman historian who wrote 142 books regarding the entire history of Rome. This work…

(1552-1618) English navigator and writer during the Elizabethan period. While imprisoned he wrote <I>The History of the World</I>

Sir Walter Raleigh

(1552-1618) English navigator and writer during the Elizabethan period. While imprisoned he wrote The…

(1717-1768) German archeologist and art historian. Author of <I>History of the art of Antiquity.</em>

Johann Joachim Winckelmann

(1717-1768) German archeologist and art historian. Author of History of the art of Antiquity.

The Liberty Bell was rung when the Declaration of Independence was issued in 1776. It was made in 1751.

Liberty Bell, Philadelphia

The Liberty Bell was rung when the Declaration of Independence was issued in 1776. It was made in 1751.

(1783-1830) Simon Bolivar was a patriot for South American Independence. He fought against the Spanish for his country of Venezuela. The southern part of Peru was named Bolivia, in honor of him.

Simon Bolivar

(1783-1830) Simon Bolivar was a patriot for South American Independence. He fought against the Spanish…

(69 B.C.- 30 B.C.) Cleopatra was Queen of Egypt. She had a history with Caesar and went through two dramatic wars.

Cleopatra

(69 B.C.- 30 B.C.) Cleopatra was Queen of Egypt. She had a history with Caesar and went through two…

Bolivian fabric pattern sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Bolivian Cloth

Bolivian fabric pattern sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Terra-Cotta Head sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Terra-Cotta Head

Mexican Terra-Cotta Head sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Native American basketry patterns sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Basketry Patterns

Native American basketry patterns sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Bolivian hanging jar sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Bolivian Pot

Bolivian hanging jar sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican jar with spiral design sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Jar with Spirals

Mexican jar with spiral design sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican jar with serpent design sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Jar with Serpant

Mexican jar with serpent design sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican bowl with spirals and zigzags sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Bowl

Mexican bowl with spirals and zigzags sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican duck jar sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Duck Jar

Mexican duck jar sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Peruvian gold disk sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Peruvian Gold Disk

Peruvian gold disk sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Peruvian fabric design sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Peruvian Fabric Design

Peruvian fabric design sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican stone pipe bowl sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican Pipe Bowl

Mexican stone pipe bowl sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Prow of an Alaskan war canoe sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Alaskan War Canoe

Prow of an Alaskan war canoe sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Stern of an Alaskan war canoe sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Alaskan War Canoe

Stern of an Alaskan war canoe sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Tusayan jar (Mexico) sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

Mexican (Tusayan) Jar

Tusayan jar (Mexico) sketched in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

"Burnside Expedition- the fleet and transports off Hatteras during the storm- the general giving orders. Never had any expedition in the history of the world to pass through a severer ordeal; everything seemed to conspire against it- nature with her storms, and human nature with her villainy. In addition to the warring elements there was the subtle treachery of Northern traitors who deliberately periled the lives of thousands for the sake of gain. Compared to such men as the New York contractors whom the gallant Burnside anathematized in the bitterness of his heart even Judas Isacriot becomes human. Our correspondent wrote that one of the most exciting scenes during this trying crisis was when, off Hatteras, General Burnside sprang up the rigging of the vessel to give his directions." &mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Burnside Expedition

"Burnside Expedition- the fleet and transports off Hatteras during the storm- the general giving orders.…

"Second naval battle in Hampton Roads- fight between the Federal ironclad <em>Monitor</em>, of two guns, and the Confederate iron-plated steamers <em>Merrimac, Yorktown</em>, and <em>Jamestown</em>, carrying twenty-four guns, March 9th, 1862. But the gloom that had begun to settle on the fort was greatly dispelled when, toward midnight, an iron marine monster, unlike anything that had ever before been seen on the ocean, made its appearance off the forts. It proved to be the Ericsson iron floating battery of two guns, just from new York. The state of affairs was hastily explained to her commander, and she steamed off to the rescue of the deserted <em>Minnesota</em>. When day dawned the Confederate flotilla, flushed with the success of the previous day, bored down on what was supposed to be an easy prey. the <em>Yorktown</em> and <em>Jamestown</em> drawing least water (The <em>Merrimac</em> evidently afraid of grounding) were ahead, when their course was suddenly stopped by the strange craft, which seemed to have dropped from the clouds. They thought to overcome her easily, and opened fire confidently; but a few of the heavy shot of the <em>Monitor</em>, which battered through and through their iron sides, drove them back in panic behind the gigantic <em>Merrimac</em>, against which the <em>Monitor</em> advanced in turn. And then commenced the most extraordinary naval contest known to history- the first battle between ironclad steamers every fought, and one in which all the appliances of modern skill were brought in conflict. The fight lasted for nearly five hours, when the <em>Yorktown</em> and <em>Jamestown</em> fled up the James River, and the <em>Merrimac</em>, disabled, and in a sinking condition, retreated into Norfolk. The <em>Minnesota</em>, having grounded, was then got off, and the <em>Mintor</em>, a proud proof of the designer's genius and skill, rode undisputed monarch of Hampton waters." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Second Naval Battle

"Second naval battle in Hampton Roads- fight between the Federal ironclad Monitor, of two guns,…

"Loss of the <em>Monitor</em>- gallant attempt of the officers and crew of the United States steamer <em>Rhode Island</em>, to rescue the crew of the <em>Monitor</em>, off Cape Hatteras, at midnight, December 30th 1862. The closing day of 1862 will always be a dark one in our history, for just on the threshold of its birth the pet monster of our ironclads went down off Hatteras, with our flag flying on its tower, and in the midst of a furious storm. Its sudden and unlooked-for fate recalled to every mind that memorable Sunday in March when it signalized its advent to war by driving back to its Norfolk retreat the terrible <em>Merrimac</em>." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Monitor

"Loss of the Monitor- gallant attempt of the officers and crew of the United States steamer…

"The domestic cat, like the domestic dog, has been the companion of man from the earliest periods of history; it is the only one of the cat family that has been generally used in the economy of home." &mdash; S. G. Goodrich, 1885

Angora Cats

"The domestic cat, like the domestic dog, has been the companion of man from the earliest periods of…

"The Banks Expedition- scene on the levee, Baton Rouge, La. Contrabands unloading military stores from the United States transport <em>North Star</em>, over the Mississippi steamer <em>Iberville</em>. The <em>Iberville</em> had quite a history in connection with the military operations on the Mississippi. She was taken possession of by the United States authorities on the surrender of New Orleans, and was engaged as a transport during the expedition. She several times ran the gantlet of Confederate batteries and guerrillas. On one occasion she sustained a running fire from a battery of six guns for at least twenty minutes, while passing Donaldsonville, having four men killed and four wounded, one of her engines disabled and her upper works riddled."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Banks Expedition

"The Banks Expedition- scene on the levee, Baton Rouge, La. Contrabands unloading military stores from…

"The war in Tennessee. Hooker's Battle above the clouds, and capture of the Confederate position on Lookout Mountain, November 24th, 1863. The wild mountains of Tennessee, where nature reveals in producing the most fantastic forms, and piling rocks upon rocks, forms one of the mightiest ridges on the land, have been the scene of one of the most extraordinary battles in history; a battle fought with the mists and clouds rolling beneath the combatants, the flash and the roar of the guns appearing to the spectators in the plain below like the lightning and the thunder of heaven. By eight o'clock on Tuesday, November 24th, Hooker's column was moving up Lookout Valley, and, to the surprise of the enemy, disappeared in the woods south of Wauhatchie. But here, filing his troop to the left, General Hooker began the difficult task of the ascent of the mountain. The head of the column, having reached the palisades, went into line of battle facing to the north, and with the right resting against the palisades stretched down the mountain. Geary's division formed the front, with Greene's brigade of New York troops on the right. General Hooker then formed a second line of the two brigades of the Fourth Corps which had been sent him, placing Whittaker on the right and Grose on the left. General Osterhaus formed a third line, and held himself in readiness to aid any part of the line which might need it. Thus arranged, the corps was ordered forward, with a heavy line of skirmishers thrown out, and marching along the slope of the ridge, soon came upon the rear of the enemy, who were taken completely by surprise. Before those at the foot of the hill could comprehend the situation Colonel Ireland's skirmishers had penetrated far toward the point of the mountain, and got in a heavy fire upon the enemy, who were now trying to escape up the hill, while the Federals assaulted them from above. At the same time the Federal batteries on the Moccasin Point and those of the Confederates on Lookout Mountain opened a heavy fire upon each other, and soon the whole mountain was hid from the view in Chattanooga by the cloud of smoke which rose above and around it. The enemy made but little organized resistance, yet their skirmishers for a long time kept up a heavy fire from behind jutting rocks and from trees. Holding Ireland's right well against the palisades, Geary threw Kennedy forward on the left, and he, after being re-enforced by Grose, the enemy on the point of the mountain gradually gave way and fell back in some disorder to the line of breastworks on the east slope of the mountain, at Craven's House. General Geary swung around until his line was parallel with that of the enemy, and again advanced, but being met by organized and well-directed resistance, for a time recoiled. The enemy were now in strong position, Craven's House being the centre of a line of heavy breastworks; but they lacked numbers to man them, having lost severely. They were compelled to expose their right flank. Hooker then sent the Eighty-fourth and Seventy-fifth Illinois to hold the road across the mountain, and advanced on the enemy, with Geary on the right, Osterhaus on the left. Whittaker and Grose in the centre. Geary turned their left, as Osterhaus did the enemy's right, and then, with one charge of the whole line, Hooker carried the position."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Hooker's Battle

"The war in Tennessee. Hooker's Battle above the clouds, and capture of the Confederate position on…

"Assault of the Second Louisiana [African American] Regiment on the Confederate works at Fort Hudson, May 27th, 1863. The Battle of Fort Hudson was a severe and well-fought action. The Federal troops displayed their usual bravery, and were well handled by General Banks, driving the enemy to his second line of works. Of the [African American] regiments General Banks, in his official report, says: 'They answered every expectation. Their conduct was heroic. No troops could be more determined or more daring. They made during the day three charges upon the batteries of the enemy, suffering very heavy losses, and holding their position at nightfall with the other troops on the right of our line. The highest commendation is bestowed upon them by all officers in command on the right. Whatever doubt may have existed heretofore as to the efficiency of organizations of this character, the history of this day proves conclusively to those who were in a condition to observe the conduct of these regiments that the Government will find in this class of troops effective supporters and defenders. The severe test to which they were subjected, and the determined manner with which they encountered the enemy leave upon my mind no doubt of their ultimate success. They require only good officers, commands of limited numbers, and careful discipline to make them excellent soldiers.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Fort Hudson

"Assault of the Second Louisiana [African American] Regiment on the Confederate works at Fort Hudson,…

"Second charge upon the Confederates by General Fremont's bodyguard, under Major Zagonyi, near Springfield, Mo., on October 25th, 1861. After the first charge of Major Zagonyi, described on another page, Captain McNaughton reached the scene with fifty men. The order to follow retreating Confederates was given, and all dashed ahead for a second charge through the woods. Many of the fugitives were overtaken there, as well as in the streets of Springfield and in the forest beyond the city. Only when further pursuit seemed useless did the Federals return. Zagonyi's brave followers suffered a loss of eighty-four dead and wounded in this engagement, which, for the boldness of its undertaking and the rapidity of its execution under the great disparity of numbers, certainly has but few parallels in any history."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Major Zagonyi

"Second charge upon the Confederates by General Fremont's bodyguard, under Major Zagonyi, near Springfield,…

"Departure of the Clermont on her first voyage."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Clermont

"Departure of the Clermont on her first voyage."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"John Fitch's steamboat at Philadelphia."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

John Fitch's steamboat

"John Fitch's steamboat at Philadelphia."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Pine Tree Twopence"&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Pine Tree Twopence

"Pine Tree Twopence"—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Pine Tree Threepence"&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Pine Tree Threepence

"Pine Tree Threepence"—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Pine Tree Sixpence"&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Pine Tree Sixpence

"Pine Tree Sixpence"—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Pine Tree Shilling."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Pine Tree Shilling

"Pine Tree Shilling."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Trail between Peter Cooper's locomotive <em>Tom Thumb</em> and one of Stockton's and Stokes' horse cars."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Railroad Trail

"Trail between Peter Cooper's locomotive Tom Thumb and one of Stockton's and Stokes' horse…

"Peter Cooper's locomotive, 1829."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Cooper's Locomotive

"Peter Cooper's locomotive, 1829."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Obverse and Reverse of a ticket used in 1838 on the New York and Harlem Railroad."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Railroad Ticket

"Obverse and Reverse of a ticket used in 1838 on the New York and Harlem Railroad."—E. Benjamin Andrews,…

"Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 1830."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Baltimore & Ohio RR

"Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 1830."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Old Boston & Worcester Railway ticket, about 1837."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

railway ticket

"Old Boston & Worcester Railway ticket, about 1837."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"The <em>South Carolina</em>, 1831, and plan of its running gear."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

South Carolina

"The South Carolina, 1831, and plan of its running gear."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Boston and Worcester Railroad, 1835."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Boston & Worcester

"Boston and Worcester Railroad, 1835."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Oswego in 1755. This view is looking north toward the lake. It is a reduced copy of the frontispiece to <em>Smith's History of New York</em>, first ediction, London, 1757, and represents the encampment of Shirley there at that time.

Oswego

Oswego in 1755. This view is looking north toward the lake. It is a reduced copy of the frontispiece…

"The Nelson Tombs. This view is from the burial-ground looking down the York River toward Chesapeake Bay. The inscription upon the first monument is in Latin; the following is a translation of it: 'Here lies, in certain hope of a resurrection in Christ, Thomas Nelson, gentleman, son of Hugo and Sarah Nelson, of Penrith, in the county of Cumberland; born February 20th, A. D. 1677, died October 7th, 1745, aged sixty-eight years.' The inscription upon the second monument is much longer, and quite eulogistic. William Nelson was president of his majesty's council in Virginia, and died on the nineteenth of November, 1772, at the age of sixty-one years. No epitaph tells of the many virtues and heroic deeds of him who lies in the obscure vault beyond. History has written them upon the enduring pages of the chronicles of our republic; and in this work his biography and portrait may be found among those of the signers of the Delcaration of Independence."&mdash;Lossing, 1851

Nelson Tombs

"The Nelson Tombs. This view is from the burial-ground looking down the York River toward Chesapeake…

"Seal and signature of Tryon. William Tryon was a native of Ireland, and was educated to the profession of a soldier. He was an officer in the British service. He married Miss Wake, a relative of the Earl of Hillsborough, secretary for the colonies. Thus connected, he was a favorite of government, and was appointed lieutenant governor of North Carolina, in 1765. On the death of Governor Dobbs, he succeeded him in office, and exercised its functions until called to fill the same office in New York, in 1771. The history of his administration in North Carolina is a record of extortion, folly, and crime. During his administration in New York, the Revolution broke out, and he was the last royal governor of that state, though nominally succeeded in office in 1780 by General Robertson, when he was returned to England. His property in North Carolina and in New York was confiscated."—Lossing, 1851

William Tryon Seal

"Seal and signature of Tryon. William Tryon was a native of Ireland, and was educated to the profession…

An Egyptian Temple

Egyptian Temple

An Egyptian Temple

"Egyptian Sowing. The people were mainly agricultural, but employed rude methods of cultivation. In spite of this, the remarkably fertile soil yielded an abundance of produce, and Egypt was known as the granary of the world."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Sowing

"Egyptian Sowing. The people were mainly agricultural, but employed rude methods of cultivation. In…

"Seven-branched candle-stick from the temple."—Colby, 1899

Candle-stick

"Seven-branched candle-stick from the temple."—Colby, 1899

Chinese Temple

Temple

Chinese Temple

"Homer. Of all the writings that describe this Heroic Age, the most important are the two great narrative poems,- the <em>Illiad</em> and the <em>Odyssey</em>, -attributed to Homer."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Homer

"Homer. Of all the writings that describe this Heroic Age, the most important are the two great narrative…

"Gate of Mycenae, the City of Agamemnon."—Colby, 1899

Gate of Mycenae

"Gate of Mycenae, the City of Agamemnon."—Colby, 1899

"The race course at Sparta."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Race Course

"The race course at Sparta."—Colby, 1899

"The chief credit of the battle of Marathon belongs to Miltiades. But for his courage, the Athenians would have shut themselves up in their city and stood a siege; and it was the stimulus of his heroism that nerved his little army to the victory of Marathon. And the people of Athens fully appreciated what he had done. No man was more popular in the city and none had more honors bestowed upon him. His greatness, however, was of the sort that only great crises call forth. When peace returned, he showed himself selfish and even dishonorable. Securing an armament from the city under false representations, he used it to gratify a private grudge against the people of Paros. He laid siege to their capital, was unsuccessful, and returned in disgrace. He was put on trial, convicted, and fined, but died a few days afterwards."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Miltiades

"The chief credit of the battle of Marathon belongs to Miltiades. But for his courage, the Athenians…

"The Piraeus or Harbor of Athens."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Athens Harbor

"The Piraeus or Harbor of Athens."—Colby, 1899

"Athens, in the time of Pericles."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Athens

"Athens, in the time of Pericles."—Colby, 1899

"The Age of Pericles. The interval of about fifty years between the close of the Persian and the beginning of the Peloponnesian war has been called the Age of Pericles, -a somewhat misleading term, as Pericles was at the head of Athenian affairs for only twenty years (449-429 B.C.). But he was the most brilliant statesman that Athens produced during that period, and his work is so closely indentified with the greatness of the city that it is not strange that his name has been given to the period."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Pericles

"The Age of Pericles. The interval of about fifty years between the close of the Persian and the beginning…

Inside of the Parthenon

Parthenon

Inside of the Parthenon

Comic Masks

Masks

Comic Masks