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He was a mathematician, geographer, astronomer, and astrologer. "The name of a line Graeco-Egyptain kings, who succeeded on the division of the empire of Alexander the Great, to the portion of his dominions of which Egypt was the head." -Marshall

Ptolemy in Profile

He was a mathematician, geographer, astronomer, and astrologer. "The name of a line Graeco-Egyptain…

Quills, a crown, olive branches, and books

Quill doodad

Quills, a crown, olive branches, and books

Statue of the Greek god Helios. It is currently considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was one of the tallest statues during its time, standing at over 30 meters (107 feet).

Colossus at Rhodes

Statue of the Greek god Helios. It is currently considered to be one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient…

Rosette from Erechtheion.

Rosette

Rosette from Erechtheion.

Ancient Greek runners in the Olympic games.

Greek Runners

Ancient Greek runners in the Olympic games.

"A Sacrifice. (From a vase-painting by Polygnotus.)"

Sacrifice

"A Sacrifice. (From a vase-painting by Polygnotus.)"

A bay that connects with the Saronic Gulf to the west.

The Bay of Salamis

A bay that connects with the Saronic Gulf to the west.

A Greek statue.

Victory of Samothreace

A Greek statue.

A group of women, with a lyre and wreath.

Sappho

A group of women, with a lyre and wreath.

"Sarcophagus from the Street of Tombs at Assos in the Troad, excavated by the Archaeological Institute of America." -Whitney, 1911

Sarcophagus

"Sarcophagus from the Street of Tombs at Assos in the Troad, excavated by the Archaeological Institute…

Gold and crystal sceptres from Mycanæ.

Mycanæ:n sceptres

Gold and crystal sceptres from Mycanæ.

An Athenian youth, studying

School

An Athenian youth, studying

"Greek school - from a vase painting." — The Delphian Society, 1913

Greek school

"Greek school - from a vase painting." — The Delphian Society, 1913

Branching scroll and leaves from Erechtheion.

Scroll and Leaves

Branching scroll and leaves from Erechtheion.

One of the first Greek amphitheaters, located in the political center of the Elymian people.

Theater of Segesta

One of the first Greek amphitheaters, located in the political center of the Elymian people.

"The following cut represents a ship with its rudder. The pole by which it is fastened to the ship's side is the <em>clavus</em>." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Ship with rudder

"The following cut represents a ship with its rudder. The pole by which it is fastened to the ship's…

An ancient Greek ship.

Greek Ship

An ancient Greek ship.

"The vessel is now broadside to the wind, the prow having swung around." — Anthon, 1891

Greek ship

"The vessel is now broadside to the wind, the prow having swung around." — Anthon, 1891

Greek ship with the sail reefed.

Greek ship

Greek ship with the sail reefed.

Greek soldier with sling.

Sling

Greek soldier with sling.

"Greek Soldier. (From an ancient Vase.)" &mdash; Smith, 1882

Greek soldier

"Greek Soldier. (From an ancient Vase.)" — Smith, 1882

"The early Greeks used a very short sword, as may be seen from the preceding cut. The ancient Homeric sword had generally a straight, two-edged blade, rather broad, and nearly of equal width from hilt to point." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Greek soldier

"The early Greeks used a very short sword, as may be seen from the preceding cut. The ancient Homeric…

An ancient Greek soldier.

Greek soldier

An ancient Greek soldier.

"A group of Greek soldiers, drawn from sculptured figures in the temple pediment."&mdash;Gordy, 1912

Greek Soldiers

"A group of Greek soldiers, drawn from sculptured figures in the temple pediment."—Gordy, 1912

"Sophocles, the younger rival and immediate successor of Aeschylus in the tragic art, was born at Colonus, a village about a mile from Athens, in b.C. 495. We have already adverted to his wrestling the tragic prize from Aeschylus in 468, from which time he seems to have retained the almost undisputed posession of the Athenian stage, until a young but formidable rival arose in the person of Euripides." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Sophocles

"Sophocles, the younger rival and immediate successor of Aeschylus in the tragic art, was born at Colonus,…

Spiral wave border.

Spiral Wave

Spiral wave border.

The Greek square panel is found in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. The design is of many rays of stars.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis in Athens. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Propylaea ceiling, the entrance to the Acropolis…

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Parhtenon ceiling, a Greek Temple. This panel is divided into eight equal spaces that are decorated with a repeated design.

Greek Square Panel

The Greek square panel is found on the coffer of the Parhtenon ceiling, a Greek Temple. This panel is…

"Wine-jar, <em>Stamnos</em>." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Stamnos

"Wine-jar, Stamnos." — The Delphian Society, 1913

"Painting of still life. On a wall of a house at Pompeii." —D'Anvers, 1895

Still Life Painting from Pompeii

"Painting of still life. On a wall of a house at Pompeii." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Sylvanus and Faunus were Latin divinities, whose characteristics are so nearly the same as Pan that we may safely consider them as the same personage under different names." &mdash;Bulfinch, 1897

Sylvanus

"Sylvanus and Faunus were Latin divinities, whose characteristics are so nearly the same as Pan that…

"Coin of Syracuse." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Syracuse, coin of

"Coin of Syracuse." — Smith, 1882

The Temple of Minerva in Athens.

Temple

The Temple of Minerva in Athens.

Temple at Assus, Greece.

Temple at Assus

Temple at Assus, Greece.

Temple of Jupiter at Olympia.

Temple of Jupiter

Temple of Jupiter at Olympia.

"Castor and Pollux were the offspring of Leda and the Swan, under which disguise Jupiter had concealed himself. Leda gave birth to an egg, from which sprang the twins." &mdash;Bulfinch, 1897

The Dioscuri

"Castor and Pollux were the offspring of Leda and the Swan, under which disguise Jupiter had concealed…

One of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. They were held both the year before and the year after the Olympic Games.

The Isthmian Games

One of the Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece. They were held both the year before and the year after…

An illustration of the theater of Dionysus at Athens.

Theater of Dionysus

An illustration of the theater of Dionysus at Athens.

"The fame of Theocritus, the prince of bucolic poetry, depends on his faithful pictures of natural scenery and the common Sicilian people. He is generally considered the only poet of the Alexandrean epoch whose works can rank with the brilliant Grecian songs of earlier days." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Theocritus

"The fame of Theocritus, the prince of bucolic poetry, depends on his faithful pictures of natural scenery…

Also known as the Temple of Hephaestus. An ancient Athenian temple built about 440 B.C.

Theseum

Also known as the Temple of Hephaestus. An ancient Athenian temple built about 440 B.C.

This portrait is of the great artist, Tintoretto. He was a Greek painter who included external imagry and scenes of nature in his work.

Tintoretto

This portrait is of the great artist, Tintoretto. He was a Greek painter who included external imagry…

Peculiar vaulted buildings often existed in connection with the palaces for the preservation of valuables; the base of these treasure-houses is circular, and their covering of a dome shape; it does not, however, form an arch, but courses of stones are laid horizontally over one another in such a way that each course projects beyond the one blow it. till the space at the highest course becomes so narrow that a single stone covers it. Ornamental fragments, which belonged to these buildings, lead to the conjecture that Mesopotamian art had some influence on the earliest Grecian buildings.

Pillar Fragment from the Treasury of Atreus

Peculiar vaulted buildings often existed in connection with the palaces for the preservation of valuables;…

Peculiar vaulted buildings often existed in connection with the palaces for the preservation of valuables; the base of these treasure-houses is circular, and their covering of a dome shape; it does not, however, form an arch, but courses of stones are laid horizontally over one another in such a way that each course projects beyond the one blow it. till the space at the highest course becomes so narrow that a single stone covers it. Of all those that have been preserved till the present day, the treasure-house of Atreus at Mycen&aelig; is the most remarkable.

Section of the Treasury of Atreus

Peculiar vaulted buildings often existed in connection with the palaces for the preservation of valuables;…

An ancient ship used by Greeks and Romans. The ship has three rows of oars on each side, with a man operating each oar.

An Athenian Trireme

An ancient ship used by Greeks and Romans. The ship has three rows of oars on each side, with a man…

"According to the poets, it was by stratagem that this famous city was at last overcome. They tell us that the Greeks constructed a wooden horse of prodigious size, and in the body of which they concealed a number of armed men, and then retired towards the sea-shore to induce the enemy to believe that the besiegers had given up the enterprise, and were about to return home. Deceived by this maneuver, the Trojans brought the gigantic horse into the city, and the men who had been concealed within it, stealing out in the night time, unbarred the gates and admitted the Grecian army within the walls." — Goodrich, 1844

Trojan horse

"According to the poets, it was by stratagem that this famous city was at last overcome. They tell us…

A drawing on a Greek vase.

Vase Drawings

A drawing on a Greek vase.

A drawing on a Greek vase.

Vase Drawings

A drawing on a Greek vase.

"A Vase is a vessel of various forms and materials, applied to the purposes of domestic life, sacrificial uses, etc. They were often used merely for ornament, or were at least primarily ornamental in character and design. The antique vases found in great numbers in ancient tombs and catacombs in Etruria, Southern Italy, Greece, Sicily, etc., and used to contain the ashes of the dead, were for the most part made of baked clay, painted and glazed. Rare Chinese and Japanese vases are highly prized, and $20,000 has been paid for one vase at auction in New York."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Grecian Vases

"A Vase is a vessel of various forms and materials, applied to the purposes of domestic life, sacrificial…

A popular Greek revolutionary and Prime Minister of Greece, serving from 1910 to 1920 and again from 1928 to 1932.

Eleutherios Venizelos

A popular Greek revolutionary and Prime Minister of Greece, serving from 1910 to 1920 and again from…

"Venus and Diana are generally represented with their hair dressed in the simple style of the young Greek girls, whose hair was parted in front, and conducted round to the back of the head so as to conceal the upper part of the ears. It was then tied in a plain knot at the nape of the neck, or, at other times, though less frequently, at the top of the head." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Venus and Diana

"Venus and Diana are generally represented with their hair dressed in the simple style of the young…

The Temple of the Wingless Victory.

Temple of the Wingless Victory

The Temple of the Wingless Victory.

"After the fall of Athens Sparta stood without a rival in Greece." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Greek warriot

"After the fall of Athens Sparta stood without a rival in Greece." — Smith, 1882

An assortment of lances, darts, and pikes.

Weapons

An assortment of lances, darts, and pikes.

A Greek woman laying peacefully on an alter.

Woman laying down

A Greek woman laying peacefully on an alter.

An illustration of eight different types of Greek women.

Types of Greek Women

An illustration of eight different types of Greek women.

"The Olympic games were of greater efficacy than the Amphictyonic Council in promoting the spirit of union among the various branches of the Greek race, and in keeping alive a feeling of their common origin. They were open to all persons who could prove their Hellenic blood, and were frequented by spectators from all parts of the Grecian world. They were celebrated at Olympia, on the banks of the alpheus, in the territory of Elis." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Wrestling

"The Olympic games were of greater efficacy than the Amphictyonic Council in promoting the spirit of…

"About the year 480 B.C., Xerxes, an Asiatic king, assailed the country with an army of several millions. He was met by the fearless Greeks with indomitable valor; his squadrons were cut to pieces, and the baffled monarch was driven back in disgrace to his own dominions." &mdash; Goodrich, 1844

Xerxes surveying his army

"About the year 480 B.C., Xerxes, an Asiatic king, assailed the country with an army of several millions.…