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A Chinese abacus used to calculate numbers.

Chinese Abacus

A Chinese abacus used to calculate numbers.

Two Chinese men use the abacus to calculate for their business. "The abacus was one of the earliest aids to calculation." -Hill, 1921

Chinese Abacus

Two Chinese men use the abacus to calculate for their business. "The abacus was one of the earliest…

A caliper used for measuring the diameter of a circle.

Caliper

A caliper used for measuring the diameter of a circle.

"To find the number of bushels of grain in a bin or box, multiply the length in feet by the height in feet, then by the width in feet and then by 8. For instance. In a bin 10 feet long, 6 feet high and 8 feet wide, 10 x 8 x 6 x 8 = 384." -Foster, 1921

Capacity

"To find the number of bushels of grain in a bin or box, multiply the length in feet by the height in…

This chart of comparisons can be used with the following questions: "Which line is twice B? Which two added make H? Which line is the difference between F and D? Call A 5; name the others. Call A 6, and name the others." -Foster, 1921

Comparisons Chart

This chart of comparisons can be used with the following questions: "Which line is twice B? Which two…

Illustration of a compass with one leg at point A on the line segment and the other at Point B.

Compass and Line

Illustration of a compass with one leg at point A on the line segment and the other at Point B.

Illustration of a compass with one leg at point O on the line segment and the other at Point M.

Compass and Line

Illustration of a compass with one leg at point O on the line segment and the other at Point M.

A small electric meter that measures electricity in units called kilowatts-hour. The first meter is in the thousands place and points to 3, the hundreds place points to 6, and the tens place points to 8. The meter reads 3,680 killowatts-hour.

Electric Meter

A small electric meter that measures electricity in units called kilowatts-hour. The first meter is…

A function machine template with room to enter the function, input, and output.

Function Machine

A function machine template with room to enter the function, input, and output.

A gas meter that measures feet of gas used. The first meter is in the thousands place and points just passed 5, the hundreds place points passed 4, and the tens place points passed 6. The gas meter reads 5,460 feet of gas used.

Gas Meter

A gas meter that measures feet of gas used. The first meter is in the thousands place and points just…

"Goniometer. An instrument for measuring solid angles, or the inclination of planes, particularly the angles formed by the faces of crystals." -Whitney, 1911

Hand Goniometer

"Goniometer. An instrument for measuring solid angles, or the inclination of planes, particularly the…

"Goniometer. An instrument for measuring solid angles, or the inclination of planes, particularly the angles formed by the faces of crystals." -Whitney, 1911

Reflection Goniometer

"Goniometer. An instrument for measuring solid angles, or the inclination of planes, particularly the…

The sector is a hinged rule with scales used for various mathematical calculations.

Sector

The sector is a hinged rule with scales used for various mathematical calculations.

"Sextant. An important instrument of navigation and surveying, for measuring the angular distance of two stars or other objects, or the altitude of a star above the horizon..." a, handle; b, c, mirrors; d, ring; e, telescope; f, arm; g, reading-lens; h, arc; i, screw; j, tangent screw. -Whitney, 1911

Sextant

"Sextant. An important instrument of navigation and surveying, for measuring the angular distance of…

This table wheel would be used to practice the six tables. The teacher would rapidly point to the surrounding numbers and the students would enter. This can be done for addition or multiplication tables.

Table Wheel

This table wheel would be used to practice the six tables. The teacher would rapidly point to the surrounding…