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An ancient Babylonian stone carving of King Merodach-idin-akhi, the Mesopotamian sun god.

King Merodach-idin-akhi

An ancient Babylonian stone carving of King Merodach-idin-akhi, the Mesopotamian sun god.

Tetradrachm, a Greek coin showing the face of Philip V, king of Macedon.

Tetradrachm of Philip V

Tetradrachm, a Greek coin showing the face of Philip V, king of Macedon.

Tetradrachm, a Greek coin showing the face of Perseus, king of Macedon.

Tetradrachm of Perseus

Tetradrachm, a Greek coin showing the face of Perseus, king of Macedon.

Lictors were guards of magistrates who carried fasces to show power to execute. Two men, one young, one older, stand side by side, each holding fasces. Fasces are axes bound to bundles of wooden rods. These lictors function as bodyguards. The men are wearing togas.

Two Attendants, or Lictors, of a King or Consul

Lictors were guards of magistrates who carried fasces to show power to execute. Two men, one young,…

"Pitangus derbianus. Derby Flycatcher. Under parts light wood-brown, with an olive tinge; wings and tail the same, but the feathers extensively bordered without and within with chestnut, forming a conspicuous continuous area on the wing-quills in the closed wing, and on most of the wing and tail-feathers more extensively than the brown portion of the inner webs. Below from the breast, including lining of wings, clear and continuous lemon-yellow. Whole chin and throat pure white, widening behind up under ear-coverts. Top and sides of head black, a circle of white from forehead over eyes to nape white, the enclosed black enclosing black a lemon and orange patch. Or, middle of crown yellow and orange, enclosed and partly concealed in black, this black enclosed in white, then the long and broad black bar on side of head, separating the white of side of crown from that of side of throat. The coronal feathers lengthened and erectile as in a king-bird, or more so; crown-patch of same character but more extensive. Bill and feet black; iris hazel Sexes alike." Elliot Coues, 1884

Derby Flycatcher

"Pitangus derbianus. Derby Flycatcher. Under parts light wood-brown, with an olive tinge; wings and…

Tyrannus carolinensis. King-bird. Bee-martin. No olive nor decided yellow. Only outer primaries obviously emarginate. Tail nearly even - if anything a little rounded. Blackish-ash, still darker or quite black on head, crown with a flaming spot. Below, pure white, the breast shaded with plumbeous. Wings dusky, with much whitish edging. Tail black, broadly and sharply tipped with white, the outer feather sometimes edged with the same. Bill and feet black." Elliot Coues, 1884

King-bird

Tyrannus carolinensis. King-bird. Bee-martin. No olive nor decided yellow. Only outer primaries obviously…

The Illustrata Iconibus is a 16th century print that was created by German artist Hans Holbein. It shows a king in his quarters writing, and two commoners outside walking.

Iconibus Illustrata

The Illustrata Iconibus is a 16th century print that was created by German artist Hans Holbein. It shows…

Les Invalides in Paris, France, is a complex of buildings in the city's 7th arrondissement containing museums and monuments, all relating to the military history of France, as well as a hospital and a retirement home for war veterans. The buildings house the Musée de l'Armée, the military museum of the Army of France, the Musée des Plans-Reliefs, and the Musée d'Histoire Contemporaine, as well as the burial site for some of France's war heroes, notably Napoleon Bonaparte."The principal architectural activity of this period was displayed by Jules Hardouin Mansard, who was head architect to the king and the head of the influential school, as Lenôtre at the same time was principal horticulturist. Mansard built the palaces of Versailles (1647-1708, Marly, the Grand Trianon, as also the Invalides at Paris [shown here]."

Invalides at Paris

Les Invalides in Paris, France, is a complex of buildings in the city's 7th arrondissement containing…

The Palazzo Pitti, in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace, is a vast mainly Renaissance palace in Florence, Italy. It is situated on the south side of the River Arno, a short distance from the Ponte Vecchio. The core of the present palazzo dates from 1458 and was originally the town residence of Luca Pitti, an ambitious Florentine banker. The palace was bought by the Medici family in 1549 and became the chief residence of the ruling families of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. It grew as a great treasure house as later generations amassed paintings, plates, jewelry and luxurious possessions. In the late 18th century, the palazzo was used as a power base by Napoleon, and later served for a brief period as the principal royal palace of the newly united Italy. The palace and its contents were donated to the Italian people by King Victor Emmanuel III in 1919, and its doors were opened to the public as one of Florence's largest art galleries. Today, it houses several minor collections in addition to those of the Medici family, and is fully open to the public. "Columns, pilasters, and mouldings are intermingled and intertwined in a fantastic and meaningless manner, the cornices are often interrupted; the essentially component parts of the architecture are frequently mutilated; for instance, columns and wall-pilasters are executed in rustic work, i. e., formed of extensively projecting hewn stones, yet are furnished with a capital and base as is shown [in this image], which is an illustration taken from the Late Italian Renaissance. For the sake of peculiarity, the various component elements assumed a form diametrically opposed to their original designation; mere decorative and secondary details were raised to the rank of essentials, whilst the real principal forms sank to an entirely subordinate position."

Part of the Back of the Pitti Palace at Florence

The Palazzo Pitti, in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace, is a vast mainly Renaissance palace…

The Pontefract Castle is located in the town of Pontefract in West Yorkshire, England. It was where Richard II, eighth King of England lived and died. The castle was built by Ilbert de Lacy in about 1070.

Pontefract Castle

The Pontefract Castle is located in the town of Pontefract in West Yorkshire, England. It was where…

The Norwich Castle was built in 1067 by the order of William the Conquerer, who was King of England at the time. The castle was built to be used as fortification in the city of Norwich, England.

Norwich Castle

The Norwich Castle was built in 1067 by the order of William the Conquerer, who was King of England…

Melrose Abbey is a Gothic style Christian monastery located in Melrose, Scotland. The Abbey was founded in 1136 by Cistercian Monks, on the request of King David I of Scotland.

Melrose Abbey

Melrose Abbey is a Gothic style Christian monastery located in Melrose, Scotland. The Abbey was founded…

This is the Plan of Principal Floor of the Houses of Parliament in Westminster, England. Other wise known as Westminster Palace, It is an example of Modern English Architecture. The architect was Sir Charles Barry. Construction lasted from 1836 to 1868. The Houses of Parliament is located on the River Thames. The scale is given in feet. "Barry's great building, the Houses of Parliament, with which his name will always be more especially associated, comes accidentally, though not by natural development nor by his own choice, under the head of the Gothic revival. The style of Tudor Gothic was dictated to the competitors, apparently from a mistaken idea that the building ought to "harmonize" with the architecture of Henry VII.'s chapel adjacent to the site. Had Barry been left to himself, there is no doubt that the Houses of Parliament, with the same main characteristics of plan and grouping, would have been a classic type of detail, and would possibly have been still a finer building than it is; and since the choice of the Gothic style in this case was not a direct consequence of the Gothic revival movement, it may be considered separately from that. The architectural greatness of the building consists, in the first place, in the grand yet simple scheme of Barry's plan, with the octagon hall in the centre, as the meeting-point for the public, the two chambers to north and south, and the access to the committee-rooms and other departments subordinate to the chambers. The plan in itself is a stroke of genius, and had been more or less imitated in buildings for similar purposes all over the world; the most important example, the Parliament House of Budapest, being almost a literal copy of Barry's plan. Thus, as in all great architecture, the plan is the basis of the whole scheme, and upon it is built up a most picturesque and expressive grouping, arising directly out of the plan. The two towers are most happily contrasted as expressive of their differing purposes; the Victoria Tower is the symbol of the State entrance, a piece of architectural display solely for the sake of a grand effect; the Clock Tower is a utilitarian structure, a lofty stalk to carry a great clock high in the air; the two are differentiated accordingly, and the placing of them at opposite ends of the structure has the fortunate effect of indicating, from a distance, the extent of the plan. The graceful spire in the centre offers an effective contrast to the masses of the two towers, while forming the outward architectural expression of the octagonal hall, which is, as it were, the keystone of the plan."

Houses of Parliament, Westminster; Plan of Principal Floor

This is the Plan of Principal Floor of the Houses of Parliament in Westminster, England. Other wise…

"In contrast to the Berlin school is that of Munich, which was founded by Gärtner. Its influence, which was supported by the renown of many edifices constructed by this architect, such as the Liberty, the University Buildings, and the Ludwigskirche, extended over many other parts of Germany. Without being in any way influenced by the works of Klenze, which are erected in the classical style, such as the Glyptothek, the Pantheon, the Valhalla, and many others, Gärtner's pupils as well as his pupil's pupils, continued in the course of Romantic treatment pointed out to them, and with few exceptions remained steadfast to the Romanesque style."The Glyptothek is a museum in Munich, Germany, which was commissioned by the Bavarian King Ludwig I to house his collection of Greek and Roman sculptures (hence Glypto-, from the Greek root glyphein, to carve). It was designed by Leo von Klenze in the Neoclassical style, and built from 1816 to 1830. Today the museum is a part of the Kunstareal.

Glyptothek at Munich

"In contrast to the Berlin school is that of Munich, which was founded by Gärtner. Its influence, which…

A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position a mattress or foundation set off the floor. Bed frames are typically made of wood or metal. A bed frame is made up of head, foot, and side rails. Most double sized beds, along with all queen and king size beds require some type of center support rail, typically also with extra feet extending down to the floor.

Headboard Included Bedstead

A bed frame or bedstead is the part of a bed used to position a mattress or foundation set off the floor.…

An illumination from the coronation of a king with his nobles and bishop wearing embellished clothing typical during the Medieval Ages.

England Nobles Fourteenth Century Fashion

An illumination from the coronation of a king with his nobles and bishop wearing embellished clothing…

Lady Eleanor's, sister of King Edward II, elaborately decorated and upholstered carriage drawn by six horses. The carriage was built to without springs, making an uncomfortable trip.

Fourteenth Century State Carriage

Lady Eleanor's, sister of King Edward II, elaborately decorated and upholstered carriage drawn by six…

Edward the Black Prince wearing full armor during the fourteenth century. He was the eldest son of King Edward III, and campaigned in Norway and Spain.

Edward the Black Prince

Edward the Black Prince wearing full armor during the fourteenth century. He was the eldest son of King…

"The figure on the left is from a French manuscript picture, representing Merlin. The lady on the window—seat is from the Loutrell Psalter. The other lady is from one of the bronze statues on the Tomb of King Edward III, and the figure between them is given authority of Fairholt." —Barfield, 1914

Nobles Talking Nursted Court

"The figure on the left is from a French manuscript picture, representing Merlin. The lady on the window—seat…

An illustration of fourteenth century tournament of knights wearing armor from Romance of King Maliadus manuscript. A tournament is when there are three or more knights fighting on the course, whereas a joust is only two are fighting.

Knight Tournament from Romance of King Meliadus

An illustration of fourteenth century tournament of knights wearing armor from Romance of King Maliadus…

An illustration of King Charles wearing a rather large neck tie.

King Charles

An illustration of King Charles wearing a rather large neck tie.

An illustration of Prince Charles Albert of Carignano, born in Turin on 1798. Prince Albert succeeded Charles Felix in Sardinia in 1831.

Prince Charles Albert of Carignano

An illustration of Prince Charles Albert of Carignano, born in Turin on 1798. Prince Albert succeeded…

An illustration of the Place de la Concorde in Paris, France. It is the largest square in the French capital. It was named Place Louis XV after the king of the time.

Place de la Concorde

An illustration of the Place de la Concorde in Paris, France. It is the largest square in the French…

"The third pyramid on the ridge of Gizeh was built by Menkera, a successor of Khafra and fourth or fifth king of Dynasty IV. This structure is but two hundred and thirty-three feet at the base, and the slant height two hundred and sixty-two feet. The Menkera pyramid stands on looser soil than its more ambitious sisters, and the substructure is consequently of greater relative proportions. Part of the exterior consists of polished slabs of granite. The sepulchral chamber within is double, one apartment being behind the other." —Ridpath, 1885

Sarcophagus of Menkera

"The third pyramid on the ridge of Gizeh was built by Menkera, a successor of Khafra and fourth or fifth…

"The royal seal or signet used by the Chaldean and Assyrian kings was in the form of a small cylinder, having figures and characters engraved in the surface. This cylinder when rolled upon wax or other plastic substance left the king's name and emblems set in relief upon the material used in sealing."

The Seal of Ilgi

"The royal seal or signet used by the Chaldean and Assyrian kings was in the form of a small cylinder,…

"The Assyrian physiognomy, as determined by the sculptures exhumed from the ruins of Nimrud and Khorsabad, is identical with that which the Israelite has made familiar to all the world. The forehead is low and straight; the brow prominent; the eyes large and oriental; the nose aquiline and sometimes coarse; the mouth firm-set; the lips rather thick; the chin strong and symmetrical."—Ridpath, 1885

Assyrian King

"The Assyrian physiognomy, as determined by the sculptures exhumed from the ruins of Nimrud and Khorsabad,…

"Under the popular impulse, and against the theocratic principle, Saul, the son of Kish, of the tribe of Benjamin, was chosen for the royal honor, and was anointed by the prophet Samuel. With this event the second period of Israelitish history begins."—Ridpath, 1885

Saul Anointed by Samuel

"Under the popular impulse, and against the theocratic principle, Saul, the son of Kish, of the tribe…

Also known as Absalom's Pillar. It is traditionally ascribed to Absalom, the unruly son of King David.

Absalom's Tomb

Also known as Absalom's Pillar. It is traditionally ascribed to Absalom, the unruly son of King David.

"It was during the siege of Methone that Philip had the misfortune to lose on of his eyes. A random arrow discharged from the rampart fell square in the king's face and destroyed one-half of his sight. When the arrow-head was drawn away, it was found to contain the following label: "Astor to Philip's right eye." It appeared on inquiry that the unerring missile had been discharged by an offended archer who has recently offered his services to the king and been rejected. He hd represented to Philip that his skill with the bow was great that he could kill a small bird on the wing. The king not believing the story had put off the applicant with the remark, "Well, well, I shall make use of thee when I go to war with the starlings." Astor has then joined the Methoneans and now vindicated his skill in a way never to be forgotten."—Ridpath, 1885

Astor to Philip's Right Eye

"It was during the siege of Methone that Philip had the misfortune to lose on of his eyes. A random…

An image depicting Alexander visiting the Temple of Amun.

Alexander at the Temple of Amun

An image depicting Alexander visiting the Temple of Amun.

A bust of Demetrius Poliocertes, a king of Macedon and a member of the Antigonid dynasty.

Demetrius Poliorcetes

A bust of Demetrius Poliocertes, a king of Macedon and a member of the Antigonid dynasty.

Teutoboch was a legendary king of the Teutons, a Germanic tribe.

The Capture of Teutoboch

Teutoboch was a legendary king of the Teutons, a Germanic tribe.

"After a successful summer campaign, [Caesar] made his way to the coast and cross over into Britain. He then withdrew into his winter-quarters in Gaul, but in the following year returned into the island, defeated the British Celts under their king Cassivellaunus, and reduced the country to a dependency, compelling the Britons to pay tribute and give hostages."

Landing of the Romans in Britain

"After a successful summer campaign, [Caesar] made his way to the coast and cross over into Britain.…

"Since the strength of the fibers in adhesion is very much less than in tension and compression, adhesion enters into nearly every test as an important factor. Thus, if a piece of wood consisting of several fibers is tested in tension, the fibers a and b would probably not break at all, but be merely pulled out, the failure, as far as they are concerned, being due to lack of adhesion and not to a lack of tensile strength. Every tension test presents numerous cases of this king, the broken fibers presenting no even fracture, but being splintered and drawn out especially if the wood is good."—Government Printing Office, 1897

Behavior of Fibers in Tension Test

"Since the strength of the fibers in adhesion is very much less than in tension and compression, adhesion…

Arent DePeyster, a British military officer of the American Revolution, surrenders at the Battle of King's Mountain.

DePeyster Raises a White Flag

Arent DePeyster, a British military officer of the American Revolution, surrenders at the Battle of…

A gold coin of King James I. It was the first coin to bear the name 'Great Britain.'

Gold Coin of James I

A gold coin of King James I. It was the first coin to bear the name 'Great Britain.'

A family of the Puritan faith during King James I's reign.

A Puritan Family

A family of the Puritan faith during King James I's reign.

The King of England from 1625 to 1649.

Charles I

The King of England from 1625 to 1649.

King Charles I signed a death warrant against Thomas Wentworth, the Earl of Strafford, after Parliament condemned him to death for attempting to strengthen the royal position against Parliament.

Execution of the Earl of Strafford

King Charles I signed a death warrant against Thomas Wentworth, the Earl of Strafford, after Parliament…

The silver crown coin of Charles II, who was the King of England between 1649 and 1651.

Silver Crown of Charles II

The silver crown coin of Charles II, who was the King of England between 1649 and 1651.

William III of England. He was the King of England between 1689 and 1702.

William III

William III of England. He was the King of England between 1689 and 1702.

The French minister of finance from 1665 to 1683 under King Louis XIV. He brought the economy back from the brink of bankruptcy.

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

The French minister of finance from 1665 to 1683 under King Louis XIV. He brought the economy back from…

"Commemorates the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The obverse bears a representation of 'Louis the Great, the Most Christian King,' the reverse contains a legend meaning 'Heresy Extinguished.'"—Webster, 1920

Medal of Louis XIV

"Commemorates the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The obverse bears a representation of 'Louis the…

The King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718.

Charles XII

The King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718.

Also known as Frederick II of Prussia. He reigned from 1740 to 1786 and was a proponent of enlightened absolutism.

Frederick the Great

Also known as Frederick II of Prussia. He reigned from 1740 to 1786 and was a proponent of enlightened…

"A contemporary cartoon which represents Catherine II, Joseph II, and Frederick II pointing out on the map the boundaries of Poland as divided between them. Stanislaus II, the Polish King, is trying to keep his crown from falling off his head."—Webster, 1920

The Partition of Poland

"A contemporary cartoon which represents Catherine II, Joseph II, and Frederick II pointing out on the…

The King of Great Britain and King of Ireland until their union in 1801. He continued his reign over the two countries until his death in 1820.

George III

The King of Great Britain and King of Ireland until their union in 1801. He continued his reign over…

King of France from 1830 to 1848. He was the last king to rule France.

Louis Philippe

King of France from 1830 to 1848. He was the last king to rule France.

A caricature of Louis Philippe, the last king of France.

Caricature of Louis Philippe

A caricature of Louis Philippe, the last king of France.

The King of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849 to 1861. In 1861, he assumed the title King of Italy, which he held until his death in 1878.

Victor Emmanuel II

The King of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849 to 1861. In 1861, he assumed the title King of Italy,…

The King of Prussia from 1861 to 1888, and the first German Emperor from 1871 to 1888.

William I

The King of Prussia from 1861 to 1888, and the first German Emperor from 1871 to 1888.

A portrait of the King and Queen of Spain during the 19th century.

The King and Queen of Spain

A portrait of the King and Queen of Spain during the 19th century.

King of Belgium from 1909 to 1934.

King Albert I

King of Belgium from 1909 to 1934.

The King of the United Kingdom from 1901 until his death in 1910.

Edward VII

The King of the United Kingdom from 1901 until his death in 1910.

The Greek king of Macedon.

Alexander the Great

The Greek king of Macedon.

"Columbus taking possession of the land in the name of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella."—GOrdy, 1912

Columbus Claiming the Land

"Columbus taking possession of the land in the name of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella."—GOrdy,…

The King of Spain, reigning from 1554 to 1598.

King Philip II

The King of Spain, reigning from 1554 to 1598.

In the short story Ulysses, the king makes a demand.

I Demand Your Blood and Your Lives

In the short story Ulysses, the king makes a demand.

From the story Gulliver's Travels, a drawing of Gulliver and the king.

Gulliver and the King

From the story Gulliver's Travels, a drawing of Gulliver and the king.

In the story of Balin and Balan, the image depicts the damsel removing her mantle in front of King Arthur and his followers.

The Damsel Let Fall Her Mantle

In the story of Balin and Balan, the image depicts the damsel removing her mantle in front of King Arthur…