"At the second command sake the position of guard; at the same time throw the rifle smartly to the front, grasp the rifle with the left hand just below the lower band, fingers between the stock and gun sling, barrel turned slightly to the left, the right hand grasping the small of the stock about 6 inches in front of the right hip, elbows free from the body, bayonet point at the height of the chin." — Moss, 1914

Bayonet Guard

"At the second command sake the position of guard; at the same time throw the rifle smartly to the front,…

"The chivalry of the gothic nations began in the woods of Germany. No youth was then permitted to assume arms, at that time the geat privilege of the noble and the free, at his own pleasure. It was made a social rank, to which it was necessary that the aspiring candidates should be elected in the public councils of their rude commonwealth; and the emulated distinction was then solemnly conferred by the prince, or a kinsman, giving them a javelin and a shield. In these customs we see the origin of knighthood." — Goodrich, 1844

Chivalry and knight-errantry

"The chivalry of the gothic nations began in the woods of Germany. No youth was then permitted to assume…

Hydraulic tourniquet, also called Barker's mill. It consists of a vessel of water free to rotate about a vertical axis, and having at its lower end bent arms through which the water is discharged horizontally, the direction of discharge being nearly at right angles to a line joining the discharging orifice to the axis. The unbalanced pressures at the bends of the tube, opposite to the openings, cause the apparatus to revolve in the opposite direction to the issuing liquid.

Tourniquet

Hydraulic tourniquet, also called Barker's mill. It consists of a vessel of water free to rotate about…

Interior of the ear. There is external to the head a wide-mouthed tube, or ear-trumpet (a), for catching and concentrating the waves of sound. It is movable in many beings, so that they can direct it to the place from which the sound comes. The sound concentrated at the bottom of the ear-tube falls upon a membrane stretched across the channel, like the parchment of an ordinary drum, over the space called the <em>tympanum</em>, or <em>drum of the ear</em> (b), and causes the membrane to vibrate. That its motion may be free, the air contained within the drum has free communication with the external air by the open passage (f), called the <em>eustachian tube</em>, leading to the back of the mouth. A degree of deafness ensues when this tube is obstructed, as in a cold; and a crack, or sudden noise, with immediate return of natural hearing, is, generally experienced when, in the effort of sneezing or otherwise, the obstruction is removed. The vibrations of the membrane of the drum are conveyed further inwards, through the cavity of the drum, by a chain of four bones (not here represented on account of their minuteness), reaching from the centre of the membrane to the <em>oval door</em> or <em>window</em>, leading into the labyrinth (e). The labyrinth, or complex inner compartment of the ear, over which the nerve of hearing is spread as a lining, is full of watery fluid; and, therefore, by the law of fluid pressure, when the force of the moving membrane of the drum, acting through the chain of bones, is made to compress the water, the pressure is felt instantly over the whole cavity. The labyrinth consists of the <em>vestibule</em> (e), the three <em>semicircular canals</em> (c), imbedded in the hard bone, and a winding cavity, called the <em>cochlea</em> (d), like that of a snail-shell, in which fibres, stretched across like harp-strings, constitute the <em>lyra</em>.

Ear

Interior of the ear. There is external to the head a wide-mouthed tube, or ear-trumpet (a), for catching…

Chinese, viciousness, poison. In India it is believed that if a scorpion creeps over the body it causes leprosy and that if one bears the tattooed image of a scorpion he is free from leprosy as well as from the bite of that insect. As a design it is quite common in the borders of Caucasian fabrics, especially the Shirvans.

Scorpion or Spider

Chinese, viciousness, poison. In India it is believed that if a scorpion creeps over the body it causes…

A structure in the shape of a monumental archway, usually built to celebrate a victory in war. The arch is invariably a free-standing structure, quite seperate from city gates or walls. In its simplest form a triumphal arch consists of two pillars connected by an arch, crowned with a superstructure or attic on which a statue might be mounted or which bears commemorative inscriptions. More elaborate triumphal arches have more than one archway, typically three or five of varying sizes.

Arch of Triumph

A structure in the shape of a monumental archway, usually built to celebrate a victory in war. The arch…

"The Composite or Roman order was the outcome of the attempt to improve the Corinthian, of which it was in fact a somewhat free version." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Composite capital

"The Composite or Roman order was the outcome of the attempt to improve the Corinthian, of which it…

The quagga is an extinct subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in south Africa's Cape Province and the southern part of the Orange Free State.

Quagga

The quagga is an extinct subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in south…

A genus of plants extensively cultivated for their luscious fruit. They were so named from the practice of laying straw between the rows to keep the ground moist and free from weeds.

Strawberry

A genus of plants extensively cultivated for their luscious fruit. They were so named from the practice…

The quagga is an extinct subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in South Africa's Cape Province and the souther part of the Orange Free State.

Quagga

The quagga is an extinct subspecies of the plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in South…

The first free-swimming larval stage of crustaceans.

Zoea

The first free-swimming larval stage of crustaceans.

This illustration shows the invasion of Kansas during the controversial period of time with free and slave states.

Invasion of Kansas

This illustration shows the invasion of Kansas during the controversial period of time with free and…

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama in 1889.

Alabama

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Arkansas in 1889.

Arkansas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Arkansas in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of California in 1889.

California

The official seal of the U.S. state of California in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Colorado in 1889.

Colorado

The official seal of the U.S. state of Colorado in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Connecticut in 1889.

Connecticut

The official seal of the U.S. state of Connecticut in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Delaware in 1889.

Delaware

The official seal of the U.S. state of Delaware in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Florida in 1889.

Florida

The official seal of the U.S. state of Florida in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Georgia in 1889.

Georgia

The official seal of the U.S. state of Georgia in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Illinois in 1889.

Illinois

The official seal of the U.S. state of Illinois in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Indiana in 1889.

Indiana

The official seal of the U.S. state of Indiana in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Iowa in 1889.

Iowa

The official seal of the U.S. state of Iowa in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kansas in 1889.

Kansas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kansas in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kentucky in 1889.

Kentucky

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kentucky in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Louisiana in 1889.

Louisiana

The official seal of the U.S. state of Louisiana in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maine in 1889.

Maine

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maine in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maryland in 1889.

Maryland

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maryland in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1889.

Massachusetts

The official seal of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Michigan in 1889.

Michigan

The official seal of the U.S. state of Michigan in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota in 1889.

Minnesota

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Missouri in 1889.

Missouri

The official seal of the U.S. state of Missouri in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Nebraska in 1889.

Nebraska

The official seal of the U.S. state of Nebraska in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Hampshire in 1889.

New Hampshire

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Hampshire in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1889.

New Jersey

The official seal of the U.S. state of New Jersey in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of New York in 1889.

New York

The official seal of the U.S. state of New York in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of North Carolina in 1889.

North Carolina

The official seal of the U.S. state of North Carolina in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Ohio in 1889. Motto: Imperium in Imperio.

Ohio

The official seal of the U.S. state of Ohio in 1889. Motto: Imperium in Imperio.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Oregon in 1889.

Oregon

The official seal of the U.S. state of Oregon in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania in 1889.

Pennsylvania

The official seal of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Rhode Island in 1889.

Rhode Island

The official seal of the U.S. state of Rhode Island in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of South Carolina in 1889.

South Carolina

The official seal of the U.S. state of South Carolina in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Tennessee in 1889.

Tennessee

The official seal of the U.S. state of Tennessee in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Texas in 1889.

Texas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Texas in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Vermont in 1889.

Vermont

The official seal of the U.S. state of Vermont in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Virginia in 1889.

Virginia

The official seal of the U.S. state of Virginia in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of West Virginia in 1889.

West Virginia

The official seal of the U.S. state of West Virginia in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Wisconsin in 1889.

Wisconsin

The official seal of the U.S. state of Wisconsin in 1889.

The official home of the President of the United States of America.

White House and Trees

The official home of the President of the United States of America.

A bridge which may be drawn up or let down to admit or hinder communication, or to leave a transverse passage free.

Draw Bridge

A bridge which may be drawn up or let down to admit or hinder communication, or to leave a transverse…

A fish with a blunt snout and fins free of spines. Color is uniformly blueish above without dark bands or black on the vertical fins, and silvery or golden on the sides.

Common Pompano

A fish with a blunt snout and fins free of spines. Color is uniformly blueish above without dark bands…

"The instrument is supported on a strong tripod, fitted with levelling screws; to this tripod is fixed the azimuth circle and a long vertical steel axis. Fitting on this axis is a hollow axis which carries on its uper end a short transverse horizontal axis. This latter carries the telescope, which, supported at the center of its length, is free to rotate in a vertical plane. The telescope is thus mounted excentrically with respect to the vertical axis around which it revolves." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Zenith Telescope

"The instrument is supported on a strong tripod, fitted with levelling screws; to this tripod is fixed…

A musical instrument consisting essentially of one or more graduated sets of smll free reeds of metal, which are sounded by streams of air set in motion by a bellows, and controlled from a keyboard like tha of a pianoforte.

Reed Organ

A musical instrument consisting essentially of one or more graduated sets of smll free reeds of metal,…

"Muscular cells of medusae (Lizzia). The uppermost is a purely muscular cell from the sub-umbrella; the two lower are epidermo-muscular cells from the base of a tentacle; the upstanding nucloated portion forms part of the epidermal mosaic on the free surface of the body." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Muscular Cells

"Muscular cells of medusae (Lizzia). The uppermost is a purely muscular cell from the sub-umbrella;…

"A, a hydriform person giving rise to medusiform persons by budding from the margin of the disc; B, free swimming medusa (Steenstrupia of Forbes) detached from the same, with manubrial genitalia (Anthomedusae) and only one tentacle." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Corymorpha

"A, a hydriform person giving rise to medusiform persons by budding from the margin of the disc; B,…

"Diagram of a colony of Campanularia, showing four forms of persons. A, portion of a fixed colony; a, hydriform person; b, bud-bearing hydriform person (blastostyle); B, free-swimming colony, being sexless medusiform person (blastoscheme of Allmen), with modified medusiform persons budding from its radiating canals, as sporosacs." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Campanularia

"Diagram of a colony of Campanularia, showing four forms of persons. A, portion of a fixed colony; a,…

"a, the osseous septum grooved for the passage of the cochlear nerve b, which terminates by a free end inside the chamber c, along the floor of which it lies for a short distance; d, d are the two layers of the membranous septum. Lying in contact with the end of the nerve is the enlarged extremity of a rod e, which is connected in a flail-like manner by the hinge f to another rod, which is fixed at g." &mdash; Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Auditory Nerve

"a, the osseous septum grooved for the passage of the cochlear nerve b, which terminates by a free end…

"A glass tube about 33 inches in length, open at one end, is completely filled with mercury, and being firmly closed by the thumb, is inverted and placed vertically in a cup containing mercury. When the thumb is removed, the mercury sinks in the tube till it stands, generally, about 30 inches above the level of the mercury in the cup, leaving in the upper part a space free of air, which receiveds the name of the Torricellian vacuum." &mdash; Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Barometer

"A glass tube about 33 inches in length, open at one end, is completely filled with mercury, and being…

"Four stages in the development of the trilobite Agnostus nudus. A, Youngest stage with no mesosomatic somites; B and C, stages with two mesosomatic somites between the prosomatic and telsonic carapaces; D, adult condition, still with only two free mesosomatic somites." &mdash; The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Agnostus Nudus

"Four stages in the development of the trilobite Agnostus nudus. A, Youngest stage with no mesosomatic…

"Five stages in the development of the trilobite Sao hirsuta. A, Youngest stage. B, Older stage with distinct pygidial carapace. C, Stage with two free mesosomatic somites between the prosomatic and telsonic carapaces. D, Stage with seven free intermediate somites. E, Stage with twelve free somites; the telsonic carapace has not increased in size. a, Lateral eye. g, So-called facial "suture" (not really a suture). p, Telsonic carapace." &mdash; The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Sao Hirsuto

"Five stages in the development of the trilobite Sao hirsuta. A, Youngest stage. B, Older stage with…