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A young horseshoe crab or Limulus.

Horseshoe Crab

A young horseshoe crab or Limulus.

"Sea-spider (Pycnogonum littorale), from the dorsal surface." -Thomson, 1916

Sea Spider

"Sea-spider (Pycnogonum littorale), from the dorsal surface." -Thomson, 1916

"Male of Nymphon. PR., Proboscis; CH., chelophores; P., pedipalps; E., eggs carried on ovigerous legs; A., rudimentary abdomen." -Thomson, 1916

Nymphon Sea Spider

"Male of Nymphon. PR., Proboscis; CH., chelophores; P., pedipalps; E., eggs carried on ovigerous legs;…

"Male of Balanoglossus (Dolichoglossus) kowalevskii. Note anterior proboscis. Mo., Mouth; op., slight operculum behind the collar; then the region with gill-slits; ts., testes; a., anus." -Thomson, 1916

Balanoglossus

"Male of Balanoglossus (Dolichoglossus) kowalevskii. Note anterior proboscis. Mo., Mouth; op., slight…

The skeleton of Plesiosaurus.

Plesiosaurus

The skeleton of Plesiosaurus.

"Tellina Balthica— a common marine shell in the Boulder Clays." -Taylor, 1904

Tellina Balthica

"Tellina Balthica— a common marine shell in the Boulder Clays." -Taylor, 1904

"The name for the marine diving birds of the genus Fratercula. The common puffin is a native of the arctic and northern temperate regions. It can fly with great rapidity when once upon the wing." -Marshall

Common Puffin

"The name for the marine diving birds of the genus Fratercula. The common puffin is a native of the…

The lobster, a crustacean.

Lobster

The lobster, a crustacean.

Men carrying cargo from ships at the Merchant Marine.

Merchant Marine

Men carrying cargo from ships at the Merchant Marine.

The paper nautilus or argonaut, a cuttlefish.

Argonaut

The paper nautilus or argonaut, a cuttlefish.

A common fish known for its flat appearance and both eyes being on the upper, darker side of its body.

Flounder

A common fish known for its flat appearance and both eyes being on the upper, darker side of its body.

The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is a large sea turtle and the only member of the species Chelonia.

Green Turtle

The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is a large sea turtle and the only member of the species Chelonia.

The wentletrap is a small, white, spiraled gastropod mollusk.

Wentletrap

The wentletrap is a small, white, spiraled gastropod mollusk.

The edible crab (Cancer pagurus) is a species of crab found in the North Sea, North Atlantic, and the Mediterranean Sea.

Edible Crab

The edible crab (Cancer pagurus) is a species of crab found in the North Sea, North Atlantic, and the…

"The <em>Crinoidea</em>, which belong to the family of starfishes, are mostly attached to marine rocks by a sort of root, having a long, flexible stem, which enables them to execute movements in the circle limited only by the length of this stem."

Pentacrinus Caput Medusae (Muller)

"The Crinoidea, which belong to the family of starfishes, are mostly attached to marine rocks…

"The <em>Crinoidea</em>, which belong to the family of starfishes, are mostly attached to marine rocks by a sort of root. Another division of this family, although at first fixed to some rooted stem, in their adult state they throw off the bonds and move freely, swimming through the water water or clinging to mussel or oyster banks."

Pentacrinus Europaeus (Thompson)

"The Crinoidea, which belong to the family of starfishes, are mostly attached to marine rocks…

"Pistia Stratiotes. 1. A spathe with its 2 flowers; 2. a section of a seed-vessel; 3. a seed; 4. the same cut perpendicularly." -Lindley, 1853

Water Cabbage

"Pistia Stratiotes. 1. A spathe with its 2 flowers; 2. a section of a seed-vessel; 3. a seed; 4. the…

"Stratiotes aloides. 1. a flower and spathe; 2. a flower split open; 3. a fruit in its spathe; 4. a section of the fruit; 5. an embryo." -Lindley, 1853

Water Pineapple

"Stratiotes aloides. 1. a flower and spathe; 2. a flower split open; 3. a fruit in its spathe; 4. a…

The United States Marine Hospital is a historic Greek Revival hospital building in Mobile, Alabama. Construction began in 1838 and was completed in 1842. IT was designed by architect Frederick Bunnell and was operated by the Marine Hospital Service from opening until it closed, in 1952. It treated Confederate and Union soldiers during the American Civil War.

Marine Hospital

The United States Marine Hospital is a historic Greek Revival hospital building in Mobile, Alabama.…

An illustration of the Marine Hospital located a the Brooklyn Navy-Yard.

Hospital

An illustration of the Marine Hospital located a the Brooklyn Navy-Yard.

Manatees are large, fully aquatic marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. The name manat&iacute; comes from the Ta&iacute;no, a pre-Columbian people of the Caribbean, meaning "breast".

Manatee on Shore

Manatees are large, fully aquatic marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. The name manatí…

The scallop (Hinnites pusio) is a marine bivalve mollusk from the Pectinidae family.

Scallop

The scallop (Hinnites pusio) is a marine bivalve mollusk from the Pectinidae family.

Scaphander lignarius is a species of gastropods in the Scaphandridae family.

Scaphander

Scaphander lignarius is a species of gastropods in the Scaphandridae family.

Scaphites equalis is a species of extinct cephalopods that thrived during the Cretaceous period. "A genus of ammonites, or fossil ammonoid cephalopods of scaphoid shape, typical of the family <i>Scaphitidae</i>; the scaphites. The have the early walls regularly involute, but the last whorl detached, and straight for some distance, when it becomes again recurved toward the body." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Scaphites equalis, Extinct Cephalopod Fossil

Scaphites equalis is a species of extinct cephalopods that thrived during the Cretaceous period. "A…

The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is a small fish native to the western Pacific Ocean.

Spotted Scat

The spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is a small fish native to the western Pacific Ocean.

An illustration of part of a stock of precious coral (red coral). Precious coral or red coral is the common name given to Corallium rubrum and several related species of marine coral. The distinguishing characteristic of precious corals is their durable and intensely colored red or pink skeleton, which is used for making jewelry.

Precious Coral

An illustration of part of a stock of precious coral (red coral). Precious coral or red coral is the…

Scissurella crispata is a species of small sea snails in the Scissurellidae family.

Scissurella

Scissurella crispata is a species of small sea snails in the Scissurellidae family.

The United States Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis, Maryland, United States, that educates and commissions officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps.

United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD - Officer's Row

The United States Naval Academy is an undergraduate college in Annapolis, Maryland, United States, that…

Tetraodontidae is a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish. The family includes many familiar species which are variously called puffers, balloonfish, blowfish, bubblefish, globefish, swellfish, toadfish, and toadies. They are morphologically similar to the closely related porcupinefish, which have large conspicuous spines (unlike the small, almost sandpaper-like spines of Tetraodontidae). The scientific name, Tetraodontidae, refers to the four large teeth, fused into an upper and lower plate, which are used for crushing the shells of crustaceans and mollusks, and red worms, their natural prey. Puffer Fish are the second most poisonous vertebrate in the world, the first being a Golden Poison Frog. The skin and certain internal organs of many Tetraodontidae are highly toxic to humans, but nevertheless the meat of some species is considered a delicacy in both Japan (as fugu) and Korea (as bok-uh). If one is caught while fishing, it is recommended that thick gloves are worn to avoid poisoning and getting bitten when removing the hook.

Blowfish

Tetraodontidae is a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish. The family includes many familiar…

The Gray Seal (Halichoerus grypus) is a large mammal in the Phocidae family of true seals.

Gray Seal

The Gray Seal (Halichoerus grypus) is a large mammal in the Phocidae family of true seals.

The Hooded Seal (Crystophora cristata) is an arctic seal in the Phocidae family of true seal. It is identified by the large bulge on its head.

Hooded Seal

The Hooded Seal (Crystophora cristata) is an arctic seal in the Phocidae family of true seal. It is…

The Sea Snake (Pelamis bicolor) is a tropical sea snake known for its black color on top and yellow belly.

Sea Snake

The Sea Snake (Pelamis bicolor) is a tropical sea snake known for its black color on top and yellow…

"Sea-walls. A. Plymouth (England) breakwater; a, a, level of the top; b, b, low water at spring tide; c, bottom; d, foreshore; e, sea-slope; f, top." -Whitney, 1911

Plymouth Breakwater

"Sea-walls. A. Plymouth (England) breakwater; a, a, level of the top; b, b, low water at spring tide;…

"B. Sea-dike: e, the sea-bottom; a, rubble; b, core; c, facing of stone; d, sea-level." -Whitney, 1911

Sea-Dike

"B. Sea-dike: e, the sea-bottom; a, rubble; b, core; c, facing of stone; d, sea-level." -Whitney, 1911

'C and D. Sectional diagrams of inclosure of Zuid Plas, near Rotterdam, Holland." -Whitney, 1911

Zuidplas

'C and D. Sectional diagrams of inclosure of Zuid Plas, near Rotterdam, Holland." -Whitney, 1911

'C and D. Sectional diagrams of inclosure of Zuid Plas, near Rotterdam, Holland." -Whitney, 1911

Zuidplas

'C and D. Sectional diagrams of inclosure of Zuid Plas, near Rotterdam, Holland." -Whitney, 1911

"E. Dutch polder-bank, consisting of sheet-piling with earth filling, and an apron of rubble on the side toward the sea." -Whitney, 1911

Polder

"E. Dutch polder-bank, consisting of sheet-piling with earth filling, and an apron of rubble on the…

"F. Wall of sheet-piling at Havre, France, with earth embankment behind the piles." -Whitney, 1911

Sheet Piling

"F. Wall of sheet-piling at Havre, France, with earth embankment behind the piles." -Whitney, 1911

Oarweed or Tangle (Laminaria digitata) is a species of kelp common to the British Isles and Northeast America.

Oarweed

Oarweed or Tangle (Laminaria digitata) is a species of kelp common to the British Isles and Northeast…

Oarweed or Kelp (Laminaria longicruris) is a species of kelp common to Northeast America.

Oarweed

Oarweed or Kelp (Laminaria longicruris) is a species of kelp common to Northeast America.

An illustration of an adult horseshoe crab from the dorsal aspect. The horseshoe crab or Atlantic horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) is a marine chelicerate arthropod. Despite its name, it is more closely related to spiders, ticks, and scorpions than to crabs. Horseshoe crabs are most commonly found in the Gulf of Mexico and along the northern Atlantic coast of North America. A main area of annual migration is the Delaware Bay, although stray individuals are occasionally found in Europe.

Horseshoe Crab (Adult)

An illustration of an adult horseshoe crab from the dorsal aspect. The horseshoe crab or Atlantic horseshoe…

An illustration of a young horseshoe crab from the dorsal aspect. The horseshoe crab or Atlantic horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) is a marine chelicerate arthropod. Despite its name, it is more closely related to spiders, ticks, and scorpions than to crabs. Horseshoe crabs are most commonly found in the Gulf of Mexico and along the northern Atlantic coast of North America. A main area of annual migration is the Delaware Bay, although stray individuals are occasionally found in Europe.

Horseshoe Crab (Young)

An illustration of a young horseshoe crab from the dorsal aspect. The horseshoe crab or Atlantic horseshoe…

The Common Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) is a mollusc in the Sepiidae family of cephalopods.

Common Cuttlefish

The Common Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) is a mollusc in the Sepiidae family of cephalopods.

"Demoscolecida, a group of minute marine worm-like creatures. The body tapers towards each end and is marked by a number f well define ridges." -Britannica, 1910

Demoscolecida

"Demoscolecida, a group of minute marine worm-like creatures. The body tapers towards each end and is…

An illustration of a Diplodocus skeleton and the caudal vertebrae (A and B). Diplodocus is a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaur whose fossils were first discovered in 1877 by S. W. Williston. It lived in what is now western North America at the end of the Jurassic Period. Diplodocus is one of the more common dinosaur fossils found in the Upper Morrison Formation, a sequence of shallow marine and alluvial sediments deposited about 150 to 147 million years ago, in what is now termed the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian stages.

Diplodocus

An illustration of a Diplodocus skeleton and the caudal vertebrae (A and B). Diplodocus is a genus of…

An illustration of a simple five armed crinoid with a detailed view of the tegmen of five orals. Crinoids, also known as sea lilies or feather-stars, are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata). They live both in shallow water and in depths as great as 6,000 meters. Crinoids are characterized by a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms. They have a U-shaped gut, and their anus is located next to the mouth.

Simple Crinoid

An illustration of a simple five armed crinoid with a detailed view of the tegmen of five orals. Crinoids,…

Illustration of a male green spoonworm. A, Bonellia viridis; B, mouth; C, ventral hooks; and d, anus. The Green Spoonworm (Bonellia viridis) is a marine worm (phylum Echiura) noted for displaying exceptional sexual dimorphism and for the biocidal properties of a pigment in its skin

Bonellia Viridis (Male)

Illustration of a male green spoonworm. A, Bonellia viridis; B, mouth; C, ventral hooks; and d, anus.…

A dorsal view of a chiton, showing the eight shell plates. Chitons are small to large, primitive marine mollusks in the class Polyplacophora. There are 900 to 1,000 extant species of chitons in the class, which was formerly known as Amphineura. Chitons have a shell which is composed of eight separate shell plates or valves. These plates overlap somewhat at the front and back edges, and yet the plates articulate well with one another. Because of this, although the plates provide good protection for impacts from above, they nonetheless permit the chiton to flex upward when needed for locomotion over uneven surfaces, and also the animal can slowly curl up into a ball when it is dislodged from the underlying surface. The shell plates are surrounded by a structure known as a girdle.

Chiton (Dorsal)

A dorsal view of a chiton, showing the eight shell plates. Chitons are small to large, primitive marine…

A ventral view of a chiton, showing p, foot; o, mouth; kr, oval fringe; and br, the numerous ctenidia. Chitons are small to large, primitive marine mollusks in the class Polyplacophora. There are 900 to 1,000 extant species of chitons in the class, which was formerly known as Amphineura. Chitons have a shell which is composed of eight separate shell plates or valves. These plates overlap somewhat at the front and back edges, and yet the plates articulate well with one another. Because of this, although the plates provide good protection for impacts from above, they nonetheless permit the chiton to flex upward when needed for locomotion over uneven surfaces, and also the animal can slowly curl up into a ball when it is dislodged from the underlying surface. The shell plates are surrounded by a structure known as a girdle.

Chiton (Ventral)

A ventral view of a chiton, showing p, foot; o, mouth; kr, oval fringe; and br, the numerous ctenidia.…

An illustration of the dorsal view of a chiton with the shell removed. Showing b, buccal mass; ov, ovary; od, oviduct; i, coils of intestine; ao, aorta; c' keft testine; and c, ventricle.

Chiton with Shell Removed

An illustration of the dorsal view of a chiton with the shell removed. Showing b, buccal mass; ov, ovary;…

An illustration of a pallial eye and aesthetes of a chiton.

Pallial Eye

An illustration of a pallial eye and aesthetes of a chiton.

"A gastropod of the family Ovulidae and genus Radius, as R. volva, of long fusiform shape, the ends of the lips being greatly drawn out; so called from the resemblance to a weavers' shuttle." -Whitney, 1911

Shuttle Shell

"A gastropod of the family Ovulidae and genus Radius, as R. volva, of long fusiform shape, the ends…

Corals are marine organisms from the class Anthozoa and exist as small sea anemone-like polyps, typically in colonies of many identical individuals. The group includes the important reef builders that are found in tropical oceans, which secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard skeleton.

Coral

Corals are marine organisms from the class Anthozoa and exist as small sea anemone-like polyps, typically…

An illustration of calcarina spengleri.

Calcarina Spengleri

An illustration of calcarina spengleri.

Pagurus bernhardus is the common marine hermit crab of Europe's Atlantic coasts. It is sometimes referred to as the common hermit crab or soldier crab. It is about 3&frac12; cm long ,and is found in both rocky and sandy areas, from the Arctic waters of Iceland, Svalbard and Russia as far south as southern Portugal, but its range does not extend as far as the Mediterranean Sea.

Hermit Crab

Pagurus bernhardus is the common marine hermit crab of Europe's Atlantic coasts. It is sometimes referred…

Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. They are not closely related to true crabs. Hermit crabs are quite commonly seen in the intertidal zone, for example in tide pools. Most species of hermit crabs have long soft abdomens which are protected from predators by the adaptation of carrying around a salvaged empty seashell, into which the whole crab's body can retract. Most frequently hermit crabs utilize the shells of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks. The tip of the hermit crab's abdomen is adapted to clasp strongly onto the columella of the snail shell. As the hermit crab grows in size, it has to find a larger shell and abandon the previous one.

Hermit Crab

Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. They are not closely related to…

The Nautilus Shell is a marine creature, it is shown in its natural form. It was usually placed on feet and elegantly mounted in metal, and used as a drinking vessel.

Nautilus Shell

The Nautilus Shell is a marine creature, it is shown in its natural form. It was usually placed on feet…

An illustration of the young stages of Noctiluca scintillans. Noctiluca scintillans, also published as Noctiluca miliaris, is a free-living non-parasitic marine-dwelling species of dinoflagellate that exhibits bioluminescence. The bioluminescent characteristic of N. scintillans is produced by a luciferin-luciferase system located in thousands of spherically shaped organelles, or "microsources", located throughout the cytoplasm of this single-celled protist. Nonluminescent populations within the genus Noctiluca lack these microsources.

Young Stage of Noctiluca Scintillans

An illustration of the young stages of Noctiluca scintillans. Noctiluca scintillans, also published…

An illustration of the young stages of Noctiluca scintillans. Noctiluca scintillans, also published as Noctiluca miliaris, is a free-living non-parasitic marine-dwelling species of dinoflagellate that exhibits bioluminescence. The bioluminescent characteristic of N. scintillans is produced by a luciferin-luciferase system located in thousands of spherically shaped organelles, or "microsources", located throughout the cytoplasm of this single-celled protist. Nonluminescent populations within the genus Noctiluca lack these microsources.

Young Stage of Noctiluca Scintillans

An illustration of the young stages of Noctiluca scintillans. Noctiluca scintillans, also published…

An illustration of the first stage of fission in the Noctiluca scintillans. Noctiluca scintillans, also published as Noctiluca miliaris, is a free-living non-parasitic marine-dwelling species of dinoflagellate that exhibits bioluminescence. The bioluminescent characteristic of N. scintillans is produced by a luciferin-luciferase system located in thousands of spherically shaped organelles, or "microsources", located throughout the cytoplasm of this single-celled protist. Nonluminescent populations within the genus Noctiluca lack these microsources.

Stage One in the Fission of Noctiluca Scintillans

An illustration of the first stage of fission in the Noctiluca scintillans. Noctiluca scintillans, also…