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An illustration of a composite figure made up of a quadrilateral frustum and half of a cylinder. Frustum edges range between 6 feet and 11 feet 5 inches and cylinder has a height of 12 feet.

Composite Figure of Quadrilateral Frustum With Half of a Cylinder Attached

An illustration of a composite figure made up of a quadrilateral frustum and half of a cylinder. Frustum…

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper shown flat.

Spiral Drawn on Piece of Paper Shown Flat

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper shown flat.

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper and rolled into a cylinder to form spiral running from A to D.

Spiral Drawn on Piece of Paper and Rolled

Spiral with lines AB and CD drawn on piece of paper and rolled into a cylinder to form spiral running…

To illustrate the structure of nerve fibers. Labels: A, nerve fiber examined fresh; n, node. B, nerve fiber with axis cylinder shaded, and medulla represented by dark lines; n.c, nucleus; p, granular cell substance near the nucleus. C, more highly magnified: m, medulla; n, node. D, nerve treated with reagents to show the axis cylinder: n.x, surrounded by medulla, m. E, nerve treated with reagents to show n.c, nucleus with fine line over it representing the neurilemma, and outside this fine connective tissue, c: n.c', nucleus lying in the fine connective tissue. F, nerve fiber deprived of its neurilemma showing medulla broken up into fragments, m, surrounding the axis cylinder, n.x.

Nerve Fibers

To illustrate the structure of nerve fibers. Labels: A, nerve fiber examined fresh; n, node. B, nerve…

A large nerve cell from the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Labels: n, nucleus; n', small body, called the nucleolus, inside the nucleus; p, branched processes; n.p., unbranched process continued into the axis cylinder of a motor nerve fiber.

Nerve Cell

A large nerve cell from the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Labels: n, nucleus; n', small body, called…

A diagram of nerve tubules A nerve tube consists of a white portion which is fatty, and which protects the central portion, or axis cylinder. Surrounding these is a tubular membrane composed of epithelial cells. The nerve of the body are made up of bundles of these tubes, bound together by connective tissue and enclosed in a sheath of the same. Labels: a, axis cylinder; b, inner border of white substance; c, c, outer border of same; d, ,d, tubular membrane; B, tubular fibers; e, in natural state; f, under pressure; g, g', varicose fibers.

Nerve Tubules

A diagram of nerve tubules A nerve tube consists of a white portion which is fatty, and which protects…

A flashcard featuring an illustration of a Cylinder

Flashcard of a Cylinder

A flashcard featuring an illustration of a Cylinder

Illustration of a triangular prism inscribed in a cylinder.

Prism inscribed in Cylinder

Illustration of a triangular prism inscribed in a cylinder.

Illustration of a prism circumscribed about a cylinder.

Prism Circumscribed About A Cylinder

Illustration of a prism circumscribed about a cylinder.

Illustration of a plane passing through a cylinder. Every section of a cylinder made by a plane passing through an element is a parallelogram.

Plane Passing Through A Cylinder

Illustration of a plane passing through a cylinder. Every section of a cylinder made by a plane passing…

Illustration of a plane passing through a cylinder. Every section of a cylinder made by a plane passing through an element is a parallelogram.

Plane Passing Through A Cylinder

Illustration of a plane passing through a cylinder. Every section of a cylinder made by a plane passing…

Illustration of planes passing through a cylinder.

Planes Passing Through A Cylinder

Illustration of planes passing through a cylinder.

Illustration of a triangular prism inscribed in a cylinder.

Prism inscribed in Cylinder

Illustration of a triangular prism inscribed in a cylinder.

Illustration of a pentagonal prism inscribed in a cylinder.

Prism inscribed in Cylinder

Illustration of a pentagonal prism inscribed in a cylinder.

Illustration of a cylinder of revolution.

Cylinder of Revolution

Illustration of a cylinder of revolution.

Illustration of an isosceles spherical triangle.

Solids of Revolution

Illustration of an isosceles spherical triangle.

Projection of a round bar.

Projection of Round Bar

Projection of a round bar.

Projection of a cylinder with a circular hole.

Projection of Cylinder With Circular Hole

Projection of a cylinder with a circular hole.

Projection of a square bar with a cylindrical portion.

Projection of Square Bar With Cylindrical Portion

Projection of a square bar with a cylindrical portion.

Projection of a circular ring.

Projection of Circular Ring

Projection of a circular ring.

Projections of a cylinder inclined to horizontal plane.

Projections of Cylinder

Projections of a cylinder inclined to horizontal plane.

Illustration of the method of finding the projection, in the form of an ellipse, of the top of a cylinder greatly inclined to a plane.

Projection of Cylinder

Illustration of the method of finding the projection, in the form of an ellipse, of the top of a cylinder…

Illustration showing an ellipse (and circle) as a section from a cylinder.

Section of a Cylinder Showing an Ellipse

Illustration showing an ellipse (and circle) as a section from a cylinder.

Illustration showing a cylinder rolled out on a plane.

Cylinder Rolled On Plane

Illustration showing a cylinder rolled out on a plane.

Projections and development of a truncated cylinder.

Projections and Development of a Truncated Cylinder

Projections and development of a truncated cylinder.

Isometric of a cylinder.

Isometric of a Cylinder

Isometric of a cylinder.

Illustration of a right circular cylinder.

Right Circular Cylinder

Illustration of a right circular cylinder.

Illustration of 4 congruent tangent right circular cylinders. The height of all the cylinders is greater than the diameter of the base.

4 Congruent Tangent Right Circular Cylinders

Illustration of 4 congruent tangent right circular cylinders. The height of all the cylinders is greater…

Illustration of 3 right congruent tangent circular cylinders. The height of all the cylinders is greater than the diameter of the base.

3 Congruent Tangent Right Circular Cylinders

Illustration of 3 right congruent tangent circular cylinders. The height of all the cylinders is greater…

Illustration of 3 right congruent tangent circular cylinders.

3 Congruent Tangent Right Circular Cylinders

Illustration of 3 right congruent tangent circular cylinders.

Illustration of 3 right congruent tangent circular cylinders. The height of all the cylinders is greater than the diameter of the base.

3 Congruent Tangent Right Circular Cylinders

Illustration of 3 right congruent tangent circular cylinders. The height of all the cylinders is greater…

Illustration of 2 right circular cylinders in which one cylinder is twice the height of the other.

2 Right Circular Cylinders

Illustration of 2 right circular cylinders in which one cylinder is twice the height of the other.

Illustration of a hollow cylinder.

Hollow Cylinder

Illustration of a hollow cylinder.

Illustration of a narrow right circular cylinder (with the height much smaller than the diameter) resting on its side/edge. This could also be described as a round disc.

Narrow Cylinder on Side

Illustration of a narrow right circular cylinder (with the height much smaller than the diameter) resting…

Illustration of 2 narrow right circular cylinders with equal heights (thickness) and different diameters. Both cylinders (discs) are resting on a side/edge.

2 Narrow Cylinders on Their Sides

Illustration of 2 narrow right circular cylinders with equal heights (thickness) and different diameters.…

Illustration of a thin hollow cylinder. It resembles a washer and is often referred to as a disc.

Hollow Cylinder

Illustration of a thin hollow cylinder. It resembles a washer and is often referred to as a disc.

Illustration of a hollow cylinder viewed at an angle.

Hollow Cylinder

Illustration of a hollow cylinder viewed at an angle.

Illustration of 2 right circular cylinders in which one cylinder is twice the height and twice the diameter of the other.

2 Right Circular Cylinders

Illustration of 2 right circular cylinders in which one cylinder is twice the height and twice the diameter…

Illustration of a hollow cylinder viewed at an angle from above.

Hollow Cylinder

Illustration of a hollow cylinder viewed at an angle from above.

Illustration of a right circular cylinder with a smaller cylinder removed from the center and placed next to it.

Cylinder Cut From a Cylinder

Illustration of a right circular cylinder with a smaller cylinder removed from the center and placed…

A large cylinder containing 3 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent to each other and internally tangent to the larger cylinder.

3 Smaller Cylinders In A Larger Cylinder

A large cylinder containing 3 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent…

A large cylinder containing 2 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent to each other and internally tangent to the larger cylinder.

2 Smaller Cylinders In A Larger Cylinder

A large cylinder containing 2 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent…

A large cylinder containing 4 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent to each other and internally tangent to the larger cylinder.

4 Smaller Cylinders In A Larger Cylinder

A large cylinder containing 4 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent…

A large cylinder containing 7 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent to each other and internally tangent to the larger cylinder.

7 Smaller Cylinders In A Larger Cylinder

A large cylinder containing 7 smaller congruent cylinders. The small cylinders are externally tangent…

Illustration of 2 soup cans that are similar cylinders. The diameter and height of the smaller can is one half that of the larger.

2 Soup Can Cylinders

Illustration of 2 soup cans that are similar cylinders. The diameter and height of the smaller can is…

Illustration of 3 similar cylinders. The height and diameter in each successively smaller cylinder is 1/2 that of the previous one.

3 Similar Cylinders

Illustration of 3 similar cylinders. The height and diameter in each successively smaller cylinder is…

Illustration of a right circular cylinder with the height larger than the diameter.

Right Circular Cylinder

Illustration of a right circular cylinder with the height larger than the diameter.

Illustration of 2 similar cylinders. The height and diameter of the smaller cylinder is half that of the larger one.

2 Similar Cylinders

Illustration of 2 similar cylinders. The height and diameter of the smaller cylinder is half that of…

Illustration of 3 similar cylinders. The height and diameter in each successively smaller cylinder is one half that of the previous one.

3 Similar Cylinders

Illustration of 3 similar cylinders. The height and diameter in each successively smaller cylinder is…

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally placed about the center cylinder. The cylinders are externally tangent to each other.

7 Tangent Cylinders

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally…

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally placed about the center cylinder. The cylinders are externally tangent to each other.

7 Tangent Cylinders

Illustration of 7 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. 6 of the cylinders are equally…

Illustration of 4 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. The cylinders are externally tangent to each other.

4 Tangent Cylinders

Illustration of 4 congruent cylinders with diameters less than the height. The cylinders are externally…

Leaves - simple, alternate, edge entire. Outline - long oval. Apex - pointed. Base - pointed. Leaf - five to ten inches long, thin, dark green above; green beneath and slightly downy; growing along the branch and not simply in a cluster at its end. Bark - dark and rough. Flowers - three to six inches across, bluish or yellowish-white, abundant and fragrant. May, June. Fruit - in a cylinder-shaped bunch, two to three inches long, and somewhat resembling a small cucumber. Found - in rich woods from Western New York to southern Illinois and southward, and in cultivation. Its finest growth is in the southern Alleghany Mountains. General Information - A tree sixty to ninety feet high, with a straight trunk and rich foliage. The wood is durable, soft, and light. Used for cabinet-work, for flooring, for pump-logs, and water-troughs. As in other magnolias the juice is bitter and aromatic. From "magnol," the name of a botanist of the seventeenth century.

Genus Magnolia, L. (Magnolia)

Leaves - simple, alternate, edge entire. Outline - long oval. Apex - pointed. Base - pointed. Leaf -…

Leaves - Simple, alternate, edge entire. Outline - long oval or slightly reverse egg-shape. Apex, short, sharp-pointed. Base, pointed. Leaf - twelve to thirty-six inches long, six to eight inches wide; rather dark green above; lighter beneath; silky when young, but soon smooth; growing in clusters at the ends of the branches. Bark - smoothish and light. Flowers - seven to eight inches across, at the ends of the branches, white, and fragrant. May, June. Fruit - in a cylinder-shaped bunch, four to five inches long, and rose-colored as it ripens. Found - in Southeastern Pennsylvania and southward along the Alleghany Mountains, and in cultivation. <p>General Information - A tree twenty to thirty feet high, with irregular branches, and light, soft wood. As in other magnolias the juice is bitter and fragrant. From "magnol," the name of a botanist of the seventeenth century.

Genus Magnolia, L. (Magnolia)

Leaves - Simple, alternate, edge entire. Outline - long oval or slightly reverse egg-shape. Apex, short,…

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge toothed (with the points of the teeth so incurved as to appear blunt), and often finely "crinkled." Outline - usually long oval or long egg-shape. Apex - pointed. Base - rounded or slightly pointed. Leaf/Stem - usually with two to five tooth-like glands near the base of the leaf. Leaf - two to five inches long; thickish; polished, and of a deep shining green above; beneath, lighter and smooth, with the middle rib sometimes downy toward the base. In the autumn the leaves turn to orange and later to pale yellow. Bark - of old trunks, blackish and rough; of young trunks and on the larger branches, reddish or purplish brown; marked with scattered lines; on young shoots, at first green or olive brown, gradually becoming darker, and sprinkled (sic) with small orange dots. Flowers - white, with short stems, closely set in a long, cylinder-shaped cluster. May, June. Fruit - about one and a quarter inches in diameter; with short stems (one and a quarter to one and a third inches ) hanging in long, close clusters from the ends of the twigs. It is nearly black when ripe, and of a pleasant flavor though somewhat bitter; it is eagerly eaten by birds. August. Found - very widely distributed north, south, and west. It reaches its finest growth on the western slopes of the Alleghany Mountains. General Information - A tree fifty to eighty feet high. The wood is light and hard, of a brown or reddish tinge, becoming darker with exposure, and of very great value in cabinet work and interior finish. It is now becoming scarce, so that stained birch is often used as a substitute. The bitter aromatic bark is used as a valuable tonic; "cherry brandy" is made from the fruit.

Genus Prunus L. (Cherry, Plum)

Leaves - simple; alternate; edge toothed (with the points of the teeth so incurved as to appear blunt),…

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches in five-leaved bunches, with their sheaths lacking or very short, excepting when young. Leaf - needle-shape, three to five inches long, light bluish-green, three-sided, soft, and very slender. Cones - four to six inches long, cylinder-shape, about one inch in diameter before the scales loosen; solitary, drooping, slightly curved. Scales - thin, without prickles. Bark - of trunk, lighter than in the other pines; in young trees smooth, and only slightly rough when older. Found - from Newfoundland to the Winnipeg River, southward through the Northern States, and along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia. Its finest growth is in the region of the Great Lakes. General Information - An evergreen tree of soft and delicate foliage, eighty to one hundred and fifty feet high; one of the most valuable timber trees of any country. The wood is clear of knots, straight-grained, and soft, and is used in immense quantities for building and many kinds of manufacturing. The branches are given off in flat, regular whorls around the straight trunk.

Genus Pinus, L. (Pine)

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches…

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness; arranged singly all around the branchlets. Leaf - needle-shaped, five twelfths to three fourths of an inch long, four-sided, curved, sharp, rather slender, bluish-green, much lighter than the leaf of the Black Spruce. Bark - lighter than that of the Black Spruce. Cones - one to two inches long, and always in the proportion of about two inches in length to one half or three fourths of an inch in thickness; drooping at the ends of the branchlets; long oval or cylinder-shape; pale green when young, becoming brownish as they ripen. Scales - broad reverse egg-shape, with an entire edge, and rounded or somewhat two-lobed at the apex. Found - in Maine, Northeastern Vermont, Northern Michigan, Minnesota, and far northward, on low ground and in swamps. It is most common north of the United States boundaries. General Information - An evergreen tree, forty to seventy feet high. One of the most important of the Northern timber trees.

Genus Picea, Link. (Spruce)

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness; arranged singly all around the…

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, five); alternate; edge of leaflets sharp-toothed. Outline - of leaflet, long oval, reverse egg-shape or egg-shape, the lower pair differing in shape from the others, and much smaller. Apex - long-pointed. Base - of the end leaflet, wedge-shape; of the others, more or less blunted. Leaf/Stem - rough throughout. Buds - large and scaly, often of a green and brown color. Leaflet/Stems - lacking (or scarcely noticeable), excepting the roughish stem of the end leaflet. Leaflets - four to eight inches long; roughish below. Bark - dark and very rough in the older trunks, peeling up and down in long, shaggy strips. Often the strips cling at their middle and are loose at each end. Fruit - round, nearly one and a half to two inches in diameter; the husk, thick (nearly half an inch), depressed at the center, grooved at the seams, and wholly separating into four inches at maturity; the nut, about one inch long, often the same in breadth, slightly flattened at the sides, angular, nearly pointless, whitish, with a rather this shell, and a large finely flavored kernel. October. Found - from the valley of the St. Lawrence River to Southeastern Minnesota, and southward to Western Florida. Its finest growth is west of the Alleghany Mountains. General Information - A tree, fifty to eighty feet high, of great value. Its tough and elastic wood is used in making agricultural implements, carriages, axe-handles, etc. It ranks also among the best of woods for fuel. Most of the "hickory nuts" of the markets are from this species. All the Hickories are picturesque trees. Their tendency, even when standing alone, is to grow high, and with heads that, instead of being round, are cylinder-shaped to the very top, with only enough breaks and irregularities to add to the effect. This tendency is more marked in the Hickories than in any other of the leaf-shedding trees of North America. They are worthy of the name sometimes given them of 'the artist's tree." Hicoria, from a Greek word meaning round, in allusion to the shape of the nut.

Genus Hicoria, Raf., Carya, Nutt. (Hickory)

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, five); alternate; edge of leaflets sharp-toothed. Outline…

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered, leaflets, seven to nine); alternate; edge slightly and rather roundly toothed. Outline - of leaflets, mostly long oval, the lower pairs becoming smaller and more egg-shaped. Apex - long-pointed. Base - of the end leaflet, wedge-shape; of the others, more or less blunted. Leaf/Stem - rough throughout. Buds - large and round and covered with downy, yellowish-brown scales, or, in winter, with hard and grayish-white scales. Leaflet/Stem - lacking (or scarcely noticeable), except the short, roughish stem of the end leaflet. Leaflets - two to seven inches long, rough beneath, especially on the ribs; fragrant when crushed. Bark - rough, becoming cracked across, but not scaly. Fruit - rounded, slightly egg-shaped or oval, one and one half to two inches or more in length. The husk is about one fourth of an inch thick and splits nearly to the base when ripe. Nut - slightly six-angled, light brown, with a very thick and hard shell. Kernel - is sweet, but small. October. Found - common in dry woods, especially southward and westward. It grows in Southern Canada and I all the Atlantic States. General Information - All the Hickories are picturesque trees. Their tendency, even when standing alone, is to grow high, and with heads that, instead of being round, are cylinder-shaped to the very top, with only enough breaks and irregularities to add to the effect. This tendency is more marked in the Hickories than in any other of the leaf-shedding trees of North America. They are worthy of the name sometimes given them of 'the artist's tree." Hicoria, from a Greek word meaning round, in allusion to the shape of the nut.

Genus Hicoria, Raf., Carya, Nutt. (Hickory)

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered, leaflets, seven to nine); alternate; edge slightly and rather roundly…

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, five to seven, oftenest five); alternate; edge of leaflets sharp-toothed. Outline - of leaflets, mostly long oval. Apex - pointed. Base - pointed. Leaf/Stem - smooth. Leaflet/Stems - lacking (or scarcely noticeable), excepting the short stem of the end leaflet. Leaflets - mostly four to eight inches long, remarkable smooth, excepting that the under surface is tufted in the angles of the ribs and usually dotted with dark glandular spots. Bark - rough and close. Fruit - broad egg-shape. Husk - thin, splitting part way to the base. Nut - small (three fourths of an inch in diameter), not angled, not sharp-pointed, and with a thin shell. Found - on moist ground, New York to Delaware, west to Michigan and Illinois, rarely, if ever, in New England. General Information - All the Hickories are picturesque trees. Their tendency, even when standing alone, is to grow high, and with heads that, instead of being round, are cylinder-shaped to the very top, with only enough breaks and irregularities to add to the effect. This tendency is more marked in the Hickories than in any other of the leaf-shedding trees of North America. They are worthy of the name sometimes given them of 'the artist's tree." Hicoria, from a Greek word meaning round, in allusion to the shape of the nut.

Genus Hicoria, Raf., Carya, Nutt. (Hickory)

Leaves - compound (odd-feathered; leaflets, five to seven, oftenest five); alternate; edge of leaflets…