The silhouette illustration of the man petting the cat walking in "How Cats Came to Purr."

Man Petting Cat

The silhouette illustration of the man petting the cat walking in "How Cats Came to Purr."

"Vorticella. A, B, living specimens in different positions; C, optical section; D1, D2, diagrams illustrating coiling of stalk; E1, E2, two stages in binary fission; E3, free zooid; F1, F2, division into mega- and microzooids; G1, G2, conjugation; H1, multiple fission of encysted form; H2, H3, development of spores; ax. f, axial fibre; cort, cortex; cu, cuticle; c. vac, contractile vacuole; d, disc; gull, gullet; m, microzooid; mth, mouth; nu, meganucleus; per, peristome." -Parker, 1900

Vorticella

"Vorticella. A, B, living specimens in different positions; C, optical section; D1, D2, diagrams illustrating…

"General view of the viscera of a male frog, from the right side. a, stomach; b, urinary bladder; c, small intestine; cl, cloacal aperture; d, large intestine; e, liver; f, bile duct; g, gall bladder; h, spleen; i, lung; k, larynx; l, fat body; m, testis; n, ureter; o, kidney; p, pancreas; s, cerebral hemisphere; sp, spinal cord; t, tongue; u, auricle; ur, urostyle; v, ventricle; v.s, vesicula seminalis; w, optic lobe; x, cerebellum; y, Eustachian recess; z, nasal sac." -Parker, 1900

Frog Viscera

"General view of the viscera of a male frog, from the right side. a, stomach; b, urinary bladder; c,…

"Stages in the development of Laomedea; A-F stages in segmentation; G, the planula enclosed in the maternal tissues; H, the free-swimming planula." -Parker, 1900

Laomedea

"Stages in the development of Laomedea; A-F stages in segmentation; G, the planula enclosed in the maternal…

"Cancrisocia living as a commensal on the back of a crab." -Parker, 1900

Commensalism

"Cancrisocia living as a commensal on the back of a crab." -Parker, 1900

"Ophioglypha lacertosa. A, outline, of the natural size; B, central disc, dorsal view; C, the disc, ventral view showing the mouth and genital fissures." -Parker, 1900

O. Lacertosa

"Ophioglypha lacertosa. A, outline, of the natural size; B, central disc, dorsal view; C, the disc,…

"Lumbricus agricola. A, entire specimen, lateral view; B, ventral view of anterior portion of the body, magnified. 1, 15, 33, first, fifteenth, and thirty-third segments. The black dots represent the setae." -Parker, 1900

Lumbricus Agricola

"Lumbricus agricola. A, entire specimen, lateral view; B, ventral view of anterior portion of the body,…

"Head of Hirudo medicinalis, showing the three jaws (k); b, one of the jaws isolated, with the finely toothed free edge." -Parker, 1900

Medical Leech

"Head of Hirudo medicinalis, showing the three jaws (k); b, one of the jaws isolated, with the finely…

"Periplaneta. View of the arrangement of the principal trunks of the tracheal system." -Parker, 1900

Cockroach

"Periplaneta. View of the arrangement of the principal trunks of the tracheal system." -Parker, 1900

"Periplaneta. General view of the nervous system. abd. 6, sixth abdominal ganglion; ant, antennary nerve; br, brain; conn, oesophageal connective; inf, sub-oesophageal ganglion; opt, optic nerve; thor. 1, thor. 2, thor. 3, first, second, and third thoracic ganglia." -Parker, 1900

Cockroach Nervous System

"Periplaneta. General view of the nervous system. abd. 6, sixth abdominal ganglion; ant, antennary nerve;…

"Cattle Tick. Above, nat. size, side view; below, dorsal view, enlarged." -Parker, 1900

Cattle Tick

"Cattle Tick. Above, nat. size, side view; below, dorsal view, enlarged." -Parker, 1900

"Cypraea moneta (Cowrie). Showing the mantle, provided with marginal tentacles, partly enveloping the shell. Br, branchia; M, M, mantle; F, foot; T, tentacles at the edge of the mantle." -Parker, 1900

Money Cowry

"Cypraea moneta (Cowrie). Showing the mantle, provided with marginal tentacles, partly enveloping the…

"Spirula peronii, lateral view. d, terminal sucker; f, funnel; s1, s2, projecting portions of the shell, the internal part of which is indicated by dotted lines." -Parker, 1900

Spirula Peronii

"Spirula peronii, lateral view. d, terminal sucker; f, funnel; s1, s2, projecting portions of the shell,…

"Diagram of the metamorphosis of the free, tailed larva into the fixed Ascidian. A, stage of free-swimming larva; B, larva recently fixed; C, older fixed stage. adh, adhesive papillae; atr, atrial cavity; cil. gr, ciliated groove; end, endostyle; ht, heart; med, ganglion of trunk; n. gn, nerve-ganglion; noto, notochord; or, oral aperture; rect, reectum; sens ves, sense vesicle; stig, stigmata; stol, stolon; t, tail." -Parker, 1900

Ascidian Stages

"Diagram of the metamorphosis of the free, tailed larva into the fixed Ascidian. A, stage of free-swimming…

"Amphioxus lanceolatus. A, ventral; B, side view of the entire animal. an, anus; atrp, atriopore; cd. f, caudal fin; cir, cirri; dors. f, dorsal fin; dors. f. r. dorsal fin-rays; gon, gonads; mtpl, metapleure; myom, myomeres; nch, notochord; or. hd, oral hood; vent. f, ventral fin; vent. f. r, ventral fin-rays." -Parker, 1900

Lancelet

"Amphioxus lanceolatus. A, ventral; B, side view of the entire animal. an, anus; atrp, atriopore; cd.…

"Lacerta agilis. General view of the viscera in their naturaal relations. Bl, urinary bladder; Ci, post-caval vein; ED, rectum; GB, gall-bladder; H, heart; Lg, Lg', the lungs; M, stomach; MD, small intestine; Oe, oesophagus; Pn, pancreas; Tr, trachea." -Parker, 1900

Sand Lizard Viscera

"Lacerta agilis. General view of the viscera in their naturaal relations. Bl, urinary bladder; Ci, post-caval…

"A, lateral view of skull of rattlesnake (Crotalus). B. O, basi-occipital; B. S, basi-sphenoid; E. O, exoccipital; F. O, fossa ovalis; La, conjoined lacrymal and pre-fontal; L. f, articulation between lacrymal and frontal; Mn, mandible; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; Pl, palatine; Pmx, pre-maxilla; P. Sph, pre-sphenoid; Pt, pterygoid; Qu, quadrate; Sq, squamosal; II. V, foramina of exit of the second and fifth cranial nerves. B, transverse section at point lettered B in Fig. .A; T, trabeculae." -Parker, 1900

Rattlesnake Skull

"A, lateral view of skull of rattlesnake (Crotalus). B. O, basi-occipital; B. S, basi-sphenoid; E. O,…

"Lepus cuniculus. Brain. A, dorsal view; B, ventral; b. o, olfactory lobe; cb', median lobe of cerebellum (vermis); cb'', lateral lobe of cerebellum; cr, cauro-cerebri; ep, epiphysis; f. b, parencephala; f. p, longitudinal fissure; h. b, hind-brain; hp, hypophysis; m. b, mid-brain (corpora quadrigemina); md, medulla oblongata; p.v, pons Varolii; i-xii, cranial nerves." -Parker, 1900

Rabbit Brain

"Lepus cuniculus. Brain. A, dorsal view; B, ventral; b. o, olfactory lobe; cb', median lobe of cerebellum…

Of the Composite family (Compositae), the lion's-foot (Prenanthes serpentaria).

Lion's-Foot

Of the Composite family (Compositae), the lion's-foot (Prenanthes serpentaria).

"Microscopic Section of Pitchstone, showing dendritic crystals." -Taylor, 1904

Pitchstone

"Microscopic Section of Pitchstone, showing dendritic crystals." -Taylor, 1904

"Microscopic Section of artificial Porphyrine." -Taylor, 1904

Porphyrine

"Microscopic Section of artificial Porphyrine." -Taylor, 1904

"a Lepidodendron (restored); b & c impressions on back; d stem with leaves; e leaflet; f fruit of Lepidodendron, called Lepidostrobus; g showing spores in bracts of fruit." -Taylor, 1904

Lepidodedron

"a Lepidodendron (restored); b & c impressions on back; d stem with leaves; e leaflet; f fruit of Lepidodendron,…

"Ammonites bifrons. Side view of ditto." -Taylor, 1904

Ammonite bifrons

"Ammonites bifrons. Side view of ditto." -Taylor, 1904

"Ammonites obtusus. Side view of ditto." -Taylor, 1904

Ammonites obtusus

"Ammonites obtusus. Side view of ditto." -Taylor, 1904

"Ammonites communis. Side view of ditto." -Taylor, 1904

Ammonites communis

"Ammonites communis. Side view of ditto." -Taylor, 1904

Muscles and tendons of the back part of the leg.

Muscles and Tendons of the Leg

Muscles and tendons of the back part of the leg.

Perhaps the earliest people to form real cities in the western region of the world, were a people of mysterious origin called Sumerians. This drawing is a very early Sumerian stone carving showing Sumerian warriors in phalanx.

Stone Carvings of Sumerian Warriors

Perhaps the earliest people to form real cities in the western region of the world, were a people of…

An Assyrian King and his chief Minister.

Assyrian King and his Chief Minster

An Assyrian King and his chief Minister.

"Bulb of hyacinth. Exterior view and split lengthwise." -Bergen, 1896

Hyacinth Bulb

"Bulb of hyacinth. Exterior view and split lengthwise." -Bergen, 1896

Ramesses III as Osiris, between the goddesses Nephthys and Isis.

Egyptian Pharaoh Ramesses III

Ramesses III as Osiris, between the goddesses Nephthys and Isis.

"Accessory buds of box-elder (Negundo). A, front view of group; B, two groups seen in profile." -Bergen, 1896

Maple Buds

"Accessory buds of box-elder (Negundo). A, front view of group; B, two groups seen in profile." -Bergen,…

Chephren was an Egyptian pharaoh. His capital was at Memphis.

Egyptian Pharaoh Chephren

Chephren was an Egyptian pharaoh. His capital was at Memphis.

Akhnaton was a Pharaoh of Egypt in the eighteenth dynasty.

Egyptian Pharaoh Akhnaton

Akhnaton was a Pharaoh of Egypt in the eighteenth dynasty.

A dorsal vertebra, side view.

Side View of a Dorsal Vertebra

A dorsal vertebra, side view.

A freshwater hydra, magnified. Example of an animal with no skeleton. There are animals without a skeleton that are not able to accomplish very powerful motions. Mot of them live in water where they are partly or wholly held up by the water and have only slow motions. Most are also very small and generally have no muscles.

Freshwater Hydra

A freshwater hydra, magnified. Example of an animal with no skeleton. There are animals without a skeleton…

Philip became king of Macedonia in 359 B.C. He was viewed as he best educated man of his time.

Philip of Macedon

Philip became king of Macedonia in 359 B.C. He was viewed as he best educated man of his time.

A Tetradrachm (which is an ancient Greek coin) with the head of Seleucus.

Tetradrachm of Seleucus

A Tetradrachm (which is an ancient Greek coin) with the head of Seleucus.

Alexander the Great's head on a silver coin of Lysimachus in 321-281 B.C.

Coin of Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great's head on a silver coin of Lysimachus in 321-281 B.C.

"Leaves standing nearly vertical in compass-plant. (Silphium laciniatum). A, view from east or west; B, from north or south." -Bergen, 1896

Compass Plant

"Leaves standing nearly vertical in compass-plant. (Silphium laciniatum). A, view from east or west;…

Two Carthaginian coins. Front and back of each.

Carthaginian Coins

Two Carthaginian coins. Front and back of each.

"Irregular corolla of sweet pea. A, side view; B, front view. s, standard; w, w, wings; k, keel." -Bergen, 1896

Sweet Pea Flower

"Irregular corolla of sweet pea. A, side view; B, front view. s, standard; w, w, wings; k, keel." -Bergen,…

King of France from 1638-1715, Louis XIV.

King Louis XIV

King of France from 1638-1715, Louis XIV.

Drawing of Tsar Alexander I. He was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland, and first Grand Duke of Finland.

Tsar Alexander I

Drawing of Tsar Alexander I. He was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland, and first Grand Duke of Finland.

"Parts of a stamen. A, front; B, back. a, anther; c, connective; f, filament." -Bergen, 1896

Stamen Parts

"Parts of a stamen. A, front; B, back. a, anther; c, connective; f, filament." -Bergen, 1896

Wolves attacking a traveler. Caption below illustration: "The road now ran along the skirts of a pine forest, when the traveler suddenly perceived a suspicious noise behind her. Casting back a look of alarm, she saw a troop of wolves trotting along the road, the number of which her fears hindered her from estimating."

Wolves Attacking a Traveler

Wolves attacking a traveler. Caption below illustration: "The road now ran along the skirts of a pine…

The torture of a free mason. Caption below illustration: "They next set my back against a thick board, at each extremity of which was pulley; through which a rope ran, that was fastened at the end of the chain at my wrist. The tormentors then, stretching these ropes by means of a roller, pressed and bruised my stomach in proportion as the ropes were drawn tighter.

Torture of a Free Mason

The torture of a free mason. Caption below illustration: "They next set my back against a thick board,…

"Head of yarrow. A, top view; B, lengthwise section. re, receptacle; i, involucre; r, ray-flowers; d, disk-flowers; c, corolla; s, stigma; ch, chaff, or bracts of receptacle." -Bergen, 1896

Yarrow

"Head of yarrow. A, top view; B, lengthwise section. re, receptacle; i, involucre; r, ray-flowers; d,…

"Scotch Pine (P. slvestris). 1, a twig showing: a, staminate catkins; b, pistillate catkins; c, a cone; d, needles. 2, an anther, a, side view; b, outer surface. 3, a carpel-scale, a, inner surface; b, outer surface. 4, a cone-scale, a seed-wing, and a seed. 5, section of a seed, showing the embryo." -Bergen, 1896

Scotch Pine

"Scotch Pine (P. slvestris). 1, a twig showing: a, staminate catkins; b, pistillate catkins; c, a cone;…

A pie graph of "Proportion of World's Supply of Cotton contributed by each country" labeled with country names and percentages.

Pie Graph

A pie graph of "Proportion of World's Supply of Cotton contributed by each country" labeled with country…

Illustration of stairs; 3-dimensional view of 4 steps. The staircase can be created by combining/stacking various sizes of rectangular solids.

Isometric of Stairs

Illustration of stairs; 3-dimensional view of 4 steps. The staircase can be created by combining/stacking…

Illustration of an oblique view of a rectangular solid/prism at 30°.

Oblique View Of Rectangular Solid

Illustration of an oblique view of a rectangular solid/prism at 30°.

Illustration of an oblique view of a rectangular solid/prism at 45°.

Oblique View Of Rectangular Solid

Illustration of an oblique view of a rectangular solid/prism at 45°.

Illustration of an oblique view of a rectangular solid/prism at 60°.

Oblique View Of Rectangular Solid

Illustration of an oblique view of a rectangular solid/prism at 60°.

Illustration of an oblique view of a hollow cylinder.

Oblique View Of Hollow Cylinder

Illustration of an oblique view of a hollow cylinder.

Illustration of an oblique view of a hollow cylinder. The portion removed from the center of the cylinder is in the shape of a rectangular prism.

Oblique View Of Hollow Cylinder

Illustration of an oblique view of a hollow cylinder. The portion removed from the center of the cylinder…

The lion.

Lion

The lion.

(1808-1873) American statesman, jurist, and member of the Free-Soil party.

Salmon Portland Chase

(1808-1873) American statesman, jurist, and member of the Free-Soil party.

"Great wall of China: 20 feet high, 40 feet wide, 800 miles long." -Foster, 1921

Great Wall of China

"Great wall of China: 20 feet high, 40 feet wide, 800 miles long." -Foster, 1921

(1451-1506) Famous for his voyage to the New World in 1492.

Christopher Columbus

(1451-1506) Famous for his voyage to the New World in 1492.

"The great Bartholdi statue, 'Liberty Enlightening the World,' erected upon Bedloe's Island in New York Bay, was the gift of France to the American People."-Lupton

Statue of Liberty

"The great Bartholdi statue, 'Liberty Enlightening the World,' erected upon Bedloe's Island in New York…