"The Main Nerve Trunks of the Right Forearm, showing the Accompanying Radial and Ulnar Arteries. (Anterior view.)" — Blaisedell, 1904

Nerve trunks

"The Main Nerve Trunks of the Right Forearm, showing the Accompanying Radial and Ulnar Arteries. (Anterior…

"A Great Nerve (Crural) and its branches on the Front of the Thigh. The femoral artery with its cut end is shown." — Blaisedell, 1904

Great Nerve

"A Great Nerve (Crural) and its branches on the Front of the Thigh. The femoral artery with its cut…

"<em>A</em>, pinna; <em>B</em>, cavity of the concha, showing the openings of a great number of sebaceous glands; <em>C</em>, external auditory meatus; <em>D</em>, typanic membrane; <em>F</em>, incus; <em>H</em>, malleus; <em>K</em>, handle of malleus applied to the internal surface of the membrana typani; <em>L</em>, tensor typani muscle; between <em>M</em> and <em>K</em> is the tymphanic cavity; <em>N</em> Eustachian tube; <em>O,P,</em> semicircular canals; <em>R</em>, internal auditory canal; <em>S</em>, large nerve given off from the facial nerve; <em>T</em>, facial and auditory nerves." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

General view of organ of hearing

"A, pinna; B, cavity of the concha, showing the openings of a great number of sebaceous…

"Diagram showing the Change in the Lens during Accomadation. On the right the lens is arranged for distant vision, the cilliary muscle is relaxed, and the ligament <em>D</em> is tense, so flattening by its compression the front of the lens <em>C</em>, on the left the muscle <em>A</em> is acting, and this relaxes the ligament and allows the lens <em>B</em> to become more convex, and so fitted for the vision of near objects." — Blaisedell, 1904

Lens of the eye

"Diagram showing the Change in the Lens during Accomadation. On the right the lens is arranged for distant…

"Newcomen's Atmospheric Steam-Engine. A, A, working-beam; B, boiler from which steam is admitted through the steam-cock; c, to the cylinder C; F, rod, serving to lift a small pump; i, injection-cock; P, piston; S, blow-valve, or snifting-valve; T, tank; W, weights."-Whitney, 1902.

Steam Engine

"Newcomen's Atmospheric Steam-Engine. A, A, working-beam; B, boiler from which steam is admitted through…

"Diagram of a Sectional View of Nasal and Throat Passageways. <em>C</em>, nasal cavities; <em>T</em>, tongue; <em>L</em>, lower jaw; <em>M</em>, Mouth; <em>U</em>, uvula; <em>E</em>, epiglottis; <em>G</em>, larynx; <em>O</em>, gullet, or esophagus." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Nasal and throat passageways

"Diagram of a Sectional View of Nasal and Throat Passageways. C, nasal cavities; T,…

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) <em>A</em>, hyoid bone; <em>B</em>, membrane attached to hyoid bone and the shield-shaped cartilage below (thyroid); edges of this shield-shaped cartilage unite at <em>C</em> (Adam's apple is the V-shaped groove on a line with <em>B</em> and <em>C</em>; <em>D</em>, membrane between the shield-shaped cartilage and the signet-ring cartilage below; <em>E</em> cricoid, or signet-ring, cartilage; <em>F</em>, upper ring of the windpipe." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Front view of the larynx

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) A, hyoid bone; B, membrane…

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) <em>A</em>, epiglottis; <em>B</em>, thyroid cartilage; <em>C</em>, ladle-shaped cartilage; <em>E</em>, cricoid cartilage; <em>F</em>, upper ring of the windpipe." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Posterior view of the larynx

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) A, epiglottis; B, thyroid cartilage;…

"Nuremburg is a city in the Bavarian province of Middle Franconia, Germany; on the Pegnitz river; 95 miles N. by W. of Munich. It is the quaintest and most interesting town of Germany, on account of the wealth of medieval architecture which it presents in its many-towered walls, its gateways, its picturesque streets with their gabled house fronts, its bridges, and its beautiful Gothic fountains."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Balcony of House in Nuremburg

"Nuremburg is a city in the Bavarian province of Middle Franconia, Germany; on the Pegnitz river; 95…

"The Octopus is the typical genus of the family Octopodid&aelig;. The body is oval, warty, or cirrose, finless; arms long, unequal, suckers in two rows, mantle supported in front by the branchial septum. In the male the third right arm is hectocotylized. Found on the coasts of the temperate and tropical zones. Forty-six species are known, varying in length from one inch only to a number of feet. They are solitary animals, frequenting rocky shores, and are very active and voracious, the females oviposit on seaweeds or in empty shells. The term 'octopus' is applied in the United States to monopolies supposed to resemble the octopus in their grasping and voracious character."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Octopus

"The Octopus is the typical genus of the family Octopodidæ. The body is oval, warty, or cirrose,…

"The act of reclining at meals. The Greeks and Romans were accustomed, in later times, to recline at their meals; but this practice could not have been od great antiquity in Greece, since Homer always describes persons as sitting at their meals; and Isidore of Seville, an ancient grammarian, also attributes the same custom to the ancient Romans. Even in the time of the early Roman emperors, children in families of the highest rank used to sit together, while their fathers and elders reclined on couches at the upper part of the room. Roman ladies continued the practice of sitting at table, even after the recumbent position had become common with the other sex. It appears to have been considered more decent, and more agreeable to the severity and purity of ancient manners for women to sit, more especially if many persons were present. But, on the other hand, we find cases of women reclining, where there was conceived to be nothing bold or indelicate in their posture. Such is the case in the following woodcut, which seems intended to represent a scene of matrimonial felicity. The husband and wife recline on a sofa; their two sons are in front of them; and several females and a boy are performing a piece of music for the entertainment of the married pair." — Smith, 1873

Accubatio

"The act of reclining at meals. The Greeks and Romans were accustomed, in later times, to recline at…

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always hold first place among the orators of the ancient world. He was born in 384 B.C. When he was only seven years of age, his father, a wealthy manufacturer of arms in Athens, died. When the youth came of age he found himself stripped of his inheritance by dishonest trustees. Aided by Isaeus he commenced a lawsuit against the chief embezzler, and succeeded in recovering about a third of his father's estate. The loss of his patrimony was the means of developing a spirit of courage and self-relience, which might otherwise have remained latent." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Demosthenes

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always…

"The Pheasant is one of the most highly prized game birds. The adult male pheasant is a beautiful bird, about three feet long. Head and neck deep steel-blue, shot with greenish-purple and brown; eye surrounded by a patch of scarlet skin, speckled with blue-black; ear-coverts brown; back a light golden-red, the feathers of the upper part tipped with velvet-black, the lower part marked with brown. Quill feathers brown, of various shades, tail feathers oaken-brown, barred with a darker shade and with black. Breast and front of the abdomen golden-red with purple reflections, feathers edged with black; rest of abdomen and under tail-coverts blackish-brown. The female has yellowish-brown plumage, and is about two feet in length. Such is the common pheasant. There are several other species."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Pheasant

"The Pheasant is one of the most highly prized game birds. The adult male pheasant is a beautiful bird,…

"A Phonograph is an instrument for recording and reproducing sounds, invented by Thomas A. Edison."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Phonograph

"A Phonograph is an instrument for recording and reproducing sounds, invented by Thomas A. Edison."—(Charles…

"Plymouth is a town and county-seat of Plymouth co., Mass.; on Plymouth Bay, 37 miles S. E. of Boston. Plymouth is of importance as the spot where the Pilgrim Fathers landed on Dec. 21, 1620. A portion of the rock on which they first stepped has been placed in front of Pilgrim Hall, in which are preserved old books, paintings, pictures, and other valuable relics. The rock itself is in Water Street, and is covered by a handsome granite canopy."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Plymouth Rock

"Plymouth is a town and county-seat of Plymouth co., Mass.; on Plymouth Bay, 37 miles S. E. of Boston.…

"Square pillars, which were commonly joined to the sidewalls of a building, being placed on each side of the door, so as to assist in forming the portico. These terms are seldom found except in the plural; because the purpose served by antae required that they should be erected corresponding to each other, and supporting the extremities of the same roof. Their position and form will be best understood from the cut, in which A A are the antae. The temple in antis was one of the simplest kind. It had in front antae attached to the walls which inclosed the calla; and in themiddle, between the antae, two columns supporting the architrave." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Antae

"Square pillars, which were commonly joined to the sidewalls of a building, being placed on each side…

"The rim or border of anything, especially of a shield or chariot. The trim of the large round shield of the ancient Greeks, was thinner than the part which it enclosed: but on the other hand, the antyx of a chariot must have been thicker than the body to which it gave both form and strength. In front of the chariot the antyx was often raised above the body, into the form of a curvature, which served the purpose of a hook to hang the reins upon." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Antyx

"The rim or border of anything, especially of a shield or chariot. The trim of the large round shield…

"A Pump is a machine, engine, or device, consisting of an arrangement of a piston, cylinder, and valves, for raising water or other liquid to a higher level, or for compressing or exhausting air and other gases. There are numerous varieties of pumps differing more or less in construction, according to the purposes for which each is intended, but the most important are the suction pump, the lifting or lift pump, the force pump, and the centrifugal or rotary pump."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Chain Pump

"A Pump is a machine, engine, or device, consisting of an arrangement of a piston, cylinder, and valves,…

"Called also navis aperta, a ship which had no deck but was merely covered with planks in the front and hinder part, as is represented in the following cut. The ships which had decks were called cataphracti. At the time of the Trojan war the Greek ships had no decks, but were only covered over in the prow and stern." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Aphractus

"Called also navis aperta, a ship which had no deck but was merely covered with planks in the front…

"A Retort is a vessel in whose chamber an object is subjected to distillation or decomposition by heat, a neck conducting off the volatile products. The retort of the chemical laboratory is a vessel of glass, platinum, porcelain, or other material. It is bottle-shaped, having a long neck attached, in which the products of the distillation are condensed, and from which they pass into the receiver. The retort of the gas works is a cylinder or segment of a cylinder, formed of clay or iron."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Retort

"A Retort is a vessel in whose chamber an object is subjected to distillation or decomposition by heat,…

"A Ring is any circle or section of a cylinder. Rings of gold, silver, and of other metals and materials have been worn in all times and countries, and while they have been used to decorate the ears, neck, nose, lips, arms, legs, and toes, finger rings have always occupied the most important and significant place among such ornaments. From the earliest period of civilized relationships the finger ring was a convenient means for carrying the signet of its wearer. Fig. 1 shows a Jewish marriage ring beautifully wrought in gold filigree, and richly enamelled."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ring

"A Ring is any circle or section of a cylinder. Rings of gold, silver, and of other metals and materials…

"A Ring is any circle or section of a cylinder. Rings of gold, silver, and of other metals and materials have been worn in all times and countries, and while they have been used to decorate the ears, neck, nose, lips, arms, legs, and toes, finger rings have always occupied the most important and significant place among such ornaments. From the earliest period of civilized relationships the finger ring was a convenient means for carrying the signet of its wearer. Fig. 2 shows a form of betrothal ring called a gimmel, or linked ring, which was used in later times; the upper figure shows the three parts brought together, the lower figures the parts separately."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ring

"A Ring is any circle or section of a cylinder. Rings of gold, silver, and of other metals and materials…

"A Ring is any circle or section of a cylinder. Rings of gold, silver, and of other metals and materials have been worn in all times and countries, and while they have been used to decorate the ears, neck, nose, lips, arms, legs, and toes, finger rings have always occupied the most important and significant place among such ornaments. From the earliest period of civilized relationships the finger ring was a convenient means for carrying the signet of its wearer. Fig. 2 shows a form of betrothal ring called a gimmel, or linked ring, which was used in later times; the upper figure shows the three parts brought together, the lower figures the parts separately."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ring

"A Ring is any circle or section of a cylinder. Rings of gold, silver, and of other metals and materials…

View of the woods

Woods

View of the woods

"Stag, or Red Deer, is a typical species of deer, occurring in the N. of Europe and Asia. It was once found through out the whole of Great Britain, but is now confined to the Scotch Highlands. The horns or antlers are round and have a basal snag in front. The females are hornless and are named hinds. The horns of the first year are mere bony projections; they advance in development during the second year, when the stag is named a brocket. In each succeeding year the horns grow more and more branched, the stag being named a hart in its sixth year, when the horns may be said to reach their maximum size. As in all deer, the horns are shed annually. The average height of a full-grown stag is about four feet at the shoulders; the winter coat is greyish-brown; in summer, brown is the prevailing tint. The food of the stag consists of grasses and the young shoots of trees, lichens forming the greater part of its food in winter. The stag is a powerful runner and swimmer. Driven to bay, it becomes a formidable adversary to the largest and most powerful stag hound, or even to man himself. The pairing season occurs in August, and the males then engage in combats for the females and become peculiarly fierce. The flesh is somewhat coarse."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Stag

"Stag, or Red Deer, is a typical species of deer, occurring in the N. of Europe and Asia. It was once…

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of persons, which were open overhead, thus differing from the corpentum, and closed in front, in which the differed from the cisium. The most essential articles in the construction of the currus were, 1. The rim. 2. The axle. 3. The wheels, which revolved upon the axle and were prevented from coming off by the insertion of pins into the extremities of the axles. The parts of the wheel were: a. The nave. b. The spokes. c. The felly. d. The tire. 4. The pole." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Currus

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of…

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of persons, which were open overhead, thus differing from the corpentum, and closed in front, in which the differed from the cisium. The most essential articles in the construction of the currus were, 1. The rim. 2. The axle. 3. The wheels, which revolved upon the axle and were prevented from coming off by the insertion of pins into the extremities of the axles. The parts of the wheel were: a. The nave. b. The spokes. c. The felly. d. The tire. 4. The pole." &mdash; Smith, 1873. This picture shows a Quadrigae.

Currus

"A chariot, a car. These terms appear to have denoted those two wheeled vehicles for the carriage of…

"An ancient Greek or Roman temple, of rectangular construction, is terminated at its upper extremity by a triangular figure, both in front and rear, which rests upon the cornice of the entablature as a base, and has its sides formed by the cornices which terminate the roof. The whole of this triangle above the trabeation is implied in the term fastigium." &mdash; Smith, 1873.

Fastigium

"An ancient Greek or Roman temple, of rectangular construction, is terminated at its upper extremity…

A group of people rollerskating indoors. The man in front is about to fall. All of the people are wearing hats.

Roller Skating

A group of people rollerskating indoors. The man in front is about to fall. All of the people are wearing…

"This amusing game requires more care and delicacy of touch than at first seems to be the case. The apparatus of the game is very simple, consisting of a bull's head painted on a board, with a hook in its nose and another on each horn. In the top of the board is fixed a horizontal rod, to the end of which is suspended a ring by a piece of string. The players stand in succession in front of the bull, take the ring and try to fling it so that it shall be caught on the nook in the bull's nose. Each player has nine throws, and he who succeeds the greatest number of times wins the game. It is tolerably easy to throw the ring on the hook, but not easy to throw it so that it shall stay there, and the 'knack' of the game consists in throwing it with just sufficient force to reach the hook. In another modification of the game the string is lengthened to twelve or fifteen feet, and has a slip-noose at the end. The other end of the string is not fastened to the end of the horizontal rod, but held in the left hand, while with the right the player tries to throw the loop over the two hooks in the bull's horns. If he can catch them both he scores two, and if he catches only one of them, he scores one. Each player has six throws." &mdash; Thomas Sheppard Meek

Ring the Bull

"This amusing game requires more care and delicacy of touch than at first seems to be the case. The…

"View of the Fort Euryalus at Syracuse." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Fort Euryalus

"View of the Fort Euryalus at Syracuse." — Smith, 1882

"Demosthenes had established himself as a public speaker before [the first Phillipic]; but it is chiefly in connection with Phillip that we are to view him as a statesman as well as an orator." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Bust of Demosthenes

"Demosthenes had established himself as a public speaker before [the first Phillipic]; but it is chiefly…

"The door in front of a temple, as it reeached nearly to the ceiling allowed the worshippers to view from without the entire statue of the divinity, and to observe the rites performed before it. The whole light of the building, moreover, was commonly admitted through the same aperture. These circumstances are illustrated in the following cut, showing the front of a small temple of Jupiter taken from an ancient bas-relief." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Temple of Jupiter

"The door in front of a temple, as it reeached nearly to the ceiling allowed the worshippers to view…

"The <em>cothurnus</em> or buskin, rose above the midddle of the leg so as to surround the calf (<em>sura</em>), and sometimes reached as high as the knees. It was laced in front, and the object in so doing was to make it fit the leg as closely as possible. The skin or leather of which it was made was dyed purple, or of other splendid colours. The cothurnus was worn principally by horsemen, hunters, and men of rank and authority. The accompanying woodcut shows two cothurni, from the statues in the Museo Pio-Clementino. That on the left hand is from a statue of Diana Succincta, that on the right from one of the goddess Roma." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Cothurnus

"The cothurnus or buskin, rose above the midddle of the leg so as to surround the calf (sura),…

"Venus and Diana are generally represented with their hair dressed in the simple style of the young Greek girls, whose hair was parted in front, and conducted round to the back of the head so as to conceal the upper part of the ears. It was then tied in a plain knot at the nape of the neck, or, at other times, though less frequently, at the top of the head." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Venus and Diana

"Venus and Diana are generally represented with their hair dressed in the simple style of the young…

"The following cut gives a view of of a portion of the paved street at the entrance of Pompeii. The upper surface consists of large polygonal blocks of the hardest stone, fitted and jointed with the utmost nicety, so as to present a perfectly even surface, as free from gaps or irregularities, as if the whole had been one solid mass." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Pompeii

"The following cut gives a view of of a portion of the paved street at the entrance of Pompeii. The…

"The <em>palla</em>, as well as the <em>pallium</em> and <em>palliolum</em>, was always a rectangular piece of cloth, exactly, or, at least, nearly square. It was, indeed, used in the very form in which it was taken from the loom, being made entirely by the weaver. Among the Greeks and Romans the most common material for the <em>palla</em> was wool. It was often folded about the body simply with a view to defend it from cold, and without any regard to gracefulness of appearance, as in the following cut, taken from an ancient intaglio." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Palla

"The palla, as well as the pallium and palliolum, was always a rectangular…

"In later Greek, a lantern. Two bronze lanterns, constructed with nicety and skill, have been found in the ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii. One of them is represented in the annexed woodcut. Its form is cylindrical. Within is a bronze lamp attached to the centre of the base, and provided with an extinguisher shown on the right hand of the lantern. The plates are of translucent horn. A front view of one of the two upright pillars is shown on the left hand." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Laterna

"In later Greek, a lantern. Two bronze lanterns, constructed with nicety and skill, have been found…

"The patera was a broad and comparatively shallow bowl used for libations, and also for drinking out of at banquets. The following cut gives a front and side view of a bronze patera found at Pompeii." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Patera

"The patera was a broad and comparatively shallow bowl used for libations, and also for drinking out…

"They who are within this machine obtain first a view of the place from their high position, and then, by means of small bridges (<em>pontes</em>), descend upon the city walls." — Anthon, 1891

Mobile tower

"They who are within this machine obtain first a view of the place from their high position, and then,…

"In the following we have back and front views of the heads of statues from Herculaneum, on which we perceive the <em>vitta</em>." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Herculaneum

"In the following we have back and front views of the heads of statues from Herculaneum, on which we…

"A vessel of any material, round and plain, and having a wide mouth: a pot; a jar. The following woodcut is taken from a vase in the British Museum which was found at Canino in Etruria. The painting upon it represents the story of Medea boiling an old ram wih a view to persuade the daughters of Pelias to put him to death. The pot has a round bottom, and is supported by a tripod, under which is a large fire. the ram, restored to youth, is just in the act of leaping out of the pot. instead of being supported by a seperate tripod, the vessel was sometimes made with the feet all in one piece." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Olla

"A vessel of any material, round and plain, and having a wide mouth: a pot; a jar. The following woodcut…

1, the sclerotic thicker behind than in front; 2, the cornea; 3, the choriod; 6, the iris; 7, the pupil; 8, the retina; 10, the anterior chamber of the eye; 11, the posterior chamber; 12, the crystalline lens, enclosed in its capsule; 13, the vitreous humour, enclosed in the hyaloid membrane and in cells formed in its interior by that membrae; 15, the sheath; and 16, the interior of the optic nerve, in the centre of which is a small artery.

Human Eye

1, the sclerotic thicker behind than in front; 2, the cornea; 3, the choriod; 6, the iris; 7, the pupil;…

The muscles of the eyeball, the view being taken from the outer side of the right orbit.

Eye Muscles

The muscles of the eyeball, the view being taken from the outer side of the right orbit.

Coin commissioned with the image of Caius Julius Caesar. Front.

Coin of Caesar

Coin commissioned with the image of Caius Julius Caesar. Front.

Coin commissioned with the image of Caius Julius Caesar. Front.

A Coin of Caesar

Coin commissioned with the image of Caius Julius Caesar. Front.

Coin of Piso with bust on front and wreath on back. Front.

Coin of Piso

Coin of Piso with bust on front and wreath on back. Front.

Coin of Piso with bust on front and wreath on back. Back.

Coin of Piso

Coin of Piso with bust on front and wreath on back. Back.

Coin of Piso with bust on front and bird on back. Front.

Coin of Cassius

Coin of Piso with bust on front and bird on back. Front.

Coin of Piso with bust on front and bird on back. Back.

Coin of Cassius

Coin of Piso with bust on front and bird on back. Back.

Coin of the Fabian family showing bust on front and torch on back. Front.

Coin of Fabian Family

Coin of the Fabian family showing bust on front and torch on back. Front.

Coin of the Fabian family showing bust on front and torch on back. Back.

Coin of Fabian Family

Coin of the Fabian family showing bust on front and torch on back. Back.

The Coin of the King of the Suessiones, Diviciacus, with bust on front and prancing horse on back. Front.

Coin of Diviciacus

The Coin of the King of the Suessiones, Diviciacus, with bust on front and prancing horse on back. Front.

The Coin of the King of the Suessiones, Diviciacus, with bust on front and prancing horse on back. Back.

Coin of Diviciacus

The Coin of the King of the Suessiones, Diviciacus, with bust on front and prancing horse on back. Back.

Coin of the Gauls picturing human figure on front and figure of animal on back.

Gallic Coin

Coin of the Gauls picturing human figure on front and figure of animal on back.

Coin of the Gauls picturing deer on front and animal on back.

Gallic Coin

Coin of the Gauls picturing deer on front and animal on back.

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, design on back. Front

Coin of Cæsar

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, design on back. Front

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, design on back. Back

Coin of Cæsar

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, design on back. Back

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, ax and amphora on back. Front

Coin of Cæsar

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, ax and amphora on back. Front

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, ax and amphora on back. Back

Coin of Cæsar

Coin of Caesar showing bust on front, ax and amphora on back. Back