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"Among caterpillars that make a very slight cocoon, some gather two or three leaves into a ball, to protect them."

Larvae of Catocala Fraxini

"Among caterpillars that make a very slight cocoon, some gather two or three leaves into a ball, to…

This caterpillar uses its own hair to fortify the cocoon.

Larva of Acronycta Aceris

This caterpillar uses its own hair to fortify the cocoon.

This caterpillar uses its own hair to fortify the cocoon. This is a representation of what the caterpillar looks like after removing all its hair.

Larva of Acronycta Aceris Taken Out of its Cocoon

This caterpillar uses its own hair to fortify the cocoon. This is a representation of what the caterpillar…

"The caterpillar of the Tiger-moth, or Woolly-bear, is covered with long, inclined hairs, which it uses in the same manner as has been described above."

Larva of Chelonia Caja

"The caterpillar of the Tiger-moth, or Woolly-bear, is covered with long, inclined hairs, which it uses…

A specimen of the caterpillar which makes their cocoons of silk with other materials.

Small Caterpillar of Pimpernel

A specimen of the caterpillar which makes their cocoons of silk with other materials.

Representation of the cocoon of the Pimpernel.

Cocoon of the Pimpernel

Representation of the cocoon of the Pimpernel.

"Makes itself a thick and very compact cocoon of the form of an egg."

Larva of Cucullia Verbasci

"Makes itself a thick and very compact cocoon of the form of an egg."

"This was the beginning of a cocoon. Each triangular blade was composed of a great number of small, thin, rectangular plates, taken from the bark of the tree."

Cocoon of Pyralis Corticalis

"This was the beginning of a cocoon. Each triangular blade was composed of a great number of small,…

"On the upper part of the [insect's under sides], we perceive various raised portions, formed and arranged like the bands around the heads of mummies."

Conical Pupa

"On the upper part of the [insect's under sides], we perceive various raised portions, formed and arranged…

"A great many others have in the upper part, along the edges which separate the two sides, little humps, eminences broader than they are thick, ending in a sharp point."

Pupa Having Angular Projections

"A great many others have in the upper part, along the edges which separate the two sides, little humps,…

"The head of the angular pupae terminates sometimes in two angular parts, which diverge from each other like two horns."

Angular Pupa of a Butterfly

"The head of the angular pupae terminates sometimes in two angular parts, which diverge from each other…

"A chrysalis seen from its lower side."

Chrysalis of the Large Tortoise Shell Butterfly (Vanessa Polychloros)

"A chrysalis seen from its lower side."

"In this early state one recognizes the head, which is then resting on the thorax; the two eyes and the antennae, which are brought forward like two ribbons; the wings are also brought over the thorax, but these are separated artificially in the drawing we have given; and lastly, in the space left between the wings, the six legs and the body of the insect."

Chrysalis of the Large Tortoise Shell Butterfly (Vanessa Polychloros)

"In this early state one recognizes the head, which is then resting on the thorax; the two eyes and…

"Represents a moth at the moment in which it has just emerged from the pupa. At the end of a short period the wings become developed, only they are wrinkled."

Moth Just Emerged

"Represents a moth at the moment in which it has just emerged from the pupa. At the end of a short period…

"Moth Whose Wings are Developing"

Moth Whose Wings are Developing

"Moth Whose Wings are Developing"

"Moth Whose Wings are Developed"

Moth Whose Wings are Developed

"Moth Whose Wings are Developed"

"All [butterflies] have four wings, which are covered with scales, that communicate to them the brilliant colors with which they are decorated."

Different Forms of the Scales of Butterflies, After Reaumur

"All [butterflies] have four wings, which are covered with scales, that communicate to them the brilliant…

"The scales are arranged in two rows."

Portion of the Wing of a Moth (Saturnia Pavonia Major)

"The scales are arranged in two rows."

"Represents the different forms of the antennae."

Antennae of Lepidoptera

"Represents the different forms of the antennae."

The trunk is "directed downward and plunged into the flower. The insect draws it partly out, and perhaps curves it a little, and then plunges it into the flower again. It repeats the same maneuver seven or eight times, and then flies onto another flower."

Section of a Butterfly's Trunk, after Reaumur

The trunk is "directed downward and plunged into the flower. The insect draws it partly out, and perhaps…

"One of the largest and most beautiful butterflies. It lives on the fennel, carrot and other such plants."

Swallow Tailed Butterfly (Papilio Machaon)

"One of the largest and most beautiful butterflies. It lives on the fennel, carrot and other such plants."

"One of the largest and most beautiful butterflies. The chrysalis, attached to a grass stalk, is sometimes light green, sometimes grayish."

Larva and Chrysalis of Papilio Machaon

"One of the largest and most beautiful butterflies. The chrysalis, attached to a grass stalk, is sometimes…

Its lower wings have tails longer and narrower than the standard Swallow Tailed Butterfly. This species is not rare in some parts of Europe, but is scarce in England.

The Scarce Swallow Tailed Butterfly (Papilio Podalirius)

Its lower wings have tails longer and narrower than the standard Swallow Tailed Butterfly. This species…

"The Parnassius Apollo is a beautiful butterfly, which appears in June and July, and is found commonly enough in the Alps and Pyrenees mountains."

Parnassius Apollo

"The Parnassius Apollo is a beautiful butterfly, which appears in June and July, and is found commonly…

"They fly in the spring and summer, in gardens and meadows. They live in companies, under a silky web, in which they pass the winter."

Pieris Brassicae

"They fly in the spring and summer, in gardens and meadows. They live in companies, under a silky web,…

"It lives in groups on cabbages in gardens, and similar vegetables. It is so voracious that it consumes in a day more than double its own weight."

Caterpillar and Chrysalis of Pieris Brassicae

"It lives in groups on cabbages in gardens, and similar vegetables. It is so voracious that it consumes…

"The Green-veined White Butterfly is very like the cabbage butterfly. Its caterpillar lives near the regions of perpetual snow."

Pieris Napi

"The Green-veined White Butterfly is very like the cabbage butterfly. Its caterpillar lives near the…

"The Orange-tips have, in the males, the extremity of the upper wings of a beautiful orange yellow. The rest of the wing is white."

Anthocharis Cardamines

"The Orange-tips have, in the males, the extremity of the upper wings of a beautiful orange yellow.…

"The Brown Hair-streak is rare in Great Britain."

Thecla Betulae

"The Brown Hair-streak is rare in Great Britain."

"The Purple Hair-streak is not so rare in the woods, but is very difficult to catch, as it flies nearly always by couples at the tops of trees."

Thecla Quercus

"The Purple Hair-streak is not so rare in the woods, but is very difficult to catch, as it flies nearly…

Also known as the Black Hair-streak.

Thecla Pruni

Also known as the Black Hair-streak.

Also known as the Green Hair-streak.

Thecla Rubi

Also known as the Green Hair-streak.

"In the meadows are often found the Copper Butterflies. They are very common from the end of May until late in the autumn."

Small Copper (Polyommatus [Lycaena] Phlaeas)

"In the meadows are often found the Copper Butterflies. They are very common from the end of May until…

"Common in France. The charming Blue Butterflies are more commonly met with."

Polyommatus (Lycaena) Virgaureae

"Common in France. The charming Blue Butterflies are more commonly met with."

"The Blue Argus, usually to be found in May and August."

Lycaena (Polyommatus) Corydon

"The Blue Argus, usually to be found in May and August."

Also known as the Brown Argus.

Lycaena (Polyommatus) Battus

Also known as the Brown Argus.

This butterfly flies around sandy heaths.

Lycaena (Polyommatus) Aegon

This butterfly flies around sandy heaths.

"It is found in July and September, on the oak, the elm, the willow, and many fruit trees."

Large Tortoise Shell Butterfly (Vanessa Polychloros)

"It is found in July and September, on the oak, the elm, the willow, and many fruit trees."

"They chrysalis, which is angular and of a red tint, is ornamented with golden metallic spots."

Larva and Chrysalis of the Large Tortoise Shell Butterfly (Vanessa Polychloros)

"They chrysalis, which is angular and of a red tint, is ornamented with golden metallic spots."

Resembles the Large Tortoise Shell Butterfly, but is smaller.

Small Tortoise Shell Butterfly (Vanessa Urticae)

Resembles the Large Tortoise Shell Butterfly, but is smaller.

"The Peacock Butterfly is very easily recognized by the peacock's eyes - to the number of four, one on each wing - which have gained for it the name it bears."

Peacock Butterfly (Vanessa Io)

"The Peacock Butterfly is very easily recognized by the peacock's eyes - to the number of four, one…

"The Comma Butterfly is common, especially in many parts of England. Its caterpillar lives on the nettle, honeysuckle, the currant, the hazel and the elm."

The Comma Butterfly (Vanessa C. Album)

"The Comma Butterfly is common, especially in many parts of England. Its caterpillar lives on the nettle,…

"This butterfly may be observed in the month of July in the woods, in its native localities. It feeds on the honeysuckle."

Limenitis Camilla

"This butterfly may be observed in the month of July in the woods, in its native localities. It feeds…

"In the month of July, the <em>Apatura Ilia</em> and the Purple Emperor may be observed in the woods. They are marked by a strong flight."

Apatura Ilia

"In the month of July, the Apatura Ilia and the Purple Emperor may be observed in the woods.…

"It lives on the arbutus, a shrub common enough on the hills and mountains of the coast of the Mediterranean."

Larva of Charaxes Jasius About to Change to a Pupa

"It lives on the arbutus, a shrub common enough on the hills and mountains of the coast of the Mediterranean."

"The <em>Erebia Euryale</em> belongs to the family of the <em>Satyridi</em>. It is found during the month of July in the Alpine regions."

Erebia Euryale

"The Erebia Euryale belongs to the family of the Satyridi. It is found during the…

"Common during the months of June and July in the woods and fields."

Meadow Brown (Satyrus [Hipparchia] Janira)

"Common during the months of June and July in the woods and fields."

"It is bee-like, and is found resting on the trunks of willows and popular trees from the end of May to the middle of July."

Sesia Apiformis

"It is bee-like, and is found resting on the trunks of willows and popular trees from the end of May…

It is also called the Ram Sphinx. "It is common from June to the beginning of August."

Six-Spot Burnet Moth (Zygaena Filipendulae)

It is also called the Ram Sphinx. "It is common from June to the beginning of August."

"The caterpillar is yellow, spotted with black; its cocoon is boatshaped, with longitudinal furrows, and is straw color."

Cocoon of Zygaena Filipendulae

"The caterpillar is yellow, spotted with black; its cocoon is boatshaped, with longitudinal furrows,…

"The <em>Procris</em> is a species which fly during the day in damp fields. [It] is plentiful enough between the middle of June and the middle of July."

The Forester (Procris [Ino] Statices)

"The Procris is a species which fly during the day in damp fields. [It] is plentiful enough…

"In passing from one flower to another, it has brisk, rapid movements; but it remains suspended in the air before it; it does not alight upon any."

Humming-bird Hawk-moth (Macroglossa Stellatarum)

"In passing from one flower to another, it has brisk, rapid movements; but it remains suspended in the…

"Before its metamorphosis, it encloses itself in a shapeless cocoon, made of the debris of leaves held together by threads placed on the surface of the ground."

Caterpillar of Humming-bird Hawk-moth (Macroglossa Stellatarum)

"Before its metamorphosis, it encloses itself in a shapeless cocoon, made of the debris of leaves held…

"Its skin is so thin and transparent that one can follow it through the phases of transformation to the imago."

Pupa of Humming-bird Hawk-moth (Macroglossa Stellatarum)

"Its skin is so thin and transparent that one can follow it through the phases of transformation to…

This butterfly may be found "on the continent of Europe, during the months of June and September, and in different parts of the world in the same climate."

Deilephila Euphorbiae

This butterfly may be found "on the continent of Europe, during the months of June and September, and…

"This caterpillar is almost always found on the Cyprus-leafed spurge, at the end of June. Generally, the Chrysalis passes through the winter, and the moth emerges sometimes during the following year."

Larva of Deilephila Euphorbiae

"This caterpillar is almost always found on the Cyprus-leafed spurge, at the end of June. Generally,…

"The Oleander Hawk-moth is a charming species peculiar to hot countries. It is carried forward by rapid flight; and assisted by atmospheric currents."

Deilephila (Chaerocampa) Nerii

"The Oleander Hawk-moth is a charming species peculiar to hot countries. It is carried forward by rapid…

"When the insect is at rest, the first two rings of its body taper in such a way as to resemble the snout of a pig."

Larva of Deilephila (Chaerocampa) Nerii

"When the insect is at rest, the first two rings of its body taper in such a way as to resemble the…

"The cocoon, which contains a chrysalis of a hazel brown."

Pupa of Deilephila (Chaerocampa) Nerii

"The cocoon, which contains a chrysalis of a hazel brown."

The pupa of the Elephant Hawk Moth.

Pupa of Deilephila (Chaerocampa) Elpenor

The pupa of the Elephant Hawk Moth.