The bone contains a multitude of small irregular spaces, approximately fusiform in shape, called lacunae, with very minute canals leading from them and anastomosing with similar little prolongations from the other lacunae. Shown is a transverse section of compact bony tissue of a humerus. Three of the Haversian canals are seen, with their concentric rings; also the lacunae, with the canaliculi were filled with debris in grinding down the section, and therefore appear black in the figure, which represents the object as viewed with transmitted light. The Haversian systems are so closely packed in this section that scarcely any interstitial lamellae are visible.

Microscopic Structure of Bone

The bone contains a multitude of small irregular spaces, approximately fusiform in shape, called lacunae,…

Longitudinal and vertical diagrammatic section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front of this is the fore-, and what lies behind, the hindbrain; Lt, lamina terminalis; Olf, olfactory lobes; Hmp, hemispheres; Th. E, thalamencephalon; Pn, pineal gland; Py, pituitary body; F. M., foramen of Munro; cs, corpus striatum; Th, optic thalamus; CC, crura cerebri; the mass lying above the canal represents the corpora quadrigemina; Cb, cerebellum; I-IX, the nine pairs of cranial nerves; 1, olfactory ventricle; 2, lateral ventricle; 3, third ventricle; 4, fourth ventricle; +, iter a tertio ad quartum ventriculum. Lamina terminalis is represented by the strong black line joining Pn and Py.

Vertical Section of a Vertebrate Brain

Longitudinal and vertical diagrammatic section of a vertebrate brain. Mb, midbrain: what lies in front…

"Rhizopus nigricans. A, Young sporangium, showing columella within; B, older sporangium, with the wall removed, showing ripe spores covering the columella; C, D, views of the collapsed columella after dissemination of the spores." -Gager, 1916

Bread Mold Stages

"Rhizopus nigricans. A, Young sporangium, showing columella within; B, older sporangium, with the wall…

"Black mustard (Brassica nigra)." -Gager, 1916

Black Mustard

"Black mustard (Brassica nigra)." -Gager, 1916

Diagram of part of digestive tract of a chick (4th day). The black line represents hypoblast , the outer shading mesoblast; lg, lung diverticulum with expanded end forming primary lung vesicles; St, stomach; l, two hepatic diverticulum, with their terminations united by solid rows of hypoblast cells; p, diverticulum of the pancreas with the vesicular diverticula coming from it.

Digestive Tract of a Chick

Diagram of part of digestive tract of a chick (4th day). The black line represents hypoblast , the outer…

These are very destructive parasites that attack valuable crops. Black lines and dots appear on the wheat forming masses of spores called winter spores.

Winter Spores (teleutospores) on Wheat

These are very destructive parasites that attack valuable crops. Black lines and dots appear on the…

"1. Spiny portion of dorsal fin. 2. Soft portion of dorsal fin. 3. Caudal fin. 4. Anal fin. 5. Pectoral fin. 6. Ventral fin. 7. Mandible or lower jaw. 8. Maxillary. 9. Opercle. 10. Cheek and Preopercle. 11. Lateral fin. 12. Snout. 13. Depth." -Foster, 1921

Small-Mouthed Black Bass

"1. Spiny portion of dorsal fin. 2. Soft portion of dorsal fin. 3. Caudal fin. 4. Anal fin. 5. Pectoral…

"Gadwall, a rather large fresh-water duck, common in the interior of the United States and breeding north of the latitude of Kentucky. It is a black and white duck, marked with brown, and is one of the favorite game birds." -Foster, 1921

Gadwall

"Gadwall, a rather large fresh-water duck, common in the interior of the United States and breeding…

The gnu or wildebeest is an ungulate mammal native to Africa.

Gnu

The gnu or wildebeest is an ungulate mammal native to Africa.

The stranger, Black Dog hiding himself and Jim from Bill, the captain in Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson.

Treasure Island

The stranger, Black Dog hiding himself and Jim from Bill, the captain in Treasure Island by Robert Louis…

"The Black Swan is native to Australia."

Black Swans

"The Black Swan is native to Australia."

"The Great Black-backed Gull is one of the most remarkable among sea-gulls. It is pure white, with a black back.

Great Black-backed Gull

"The Great Black-backed Gull is one of the most remarkable among sea-gulls. It is pure white, with a…

"The Pratincole lives in flocks on the banks of the Danube, the Volga, and on the Shores of the Black and Caspian Seas."

Pratincole

"The Pratincole lives in flocks on the banks of the Danube, the Volga, and on the Shores of the Black…

"Ashy color, with the face black, the sides of the head yellow, and the forehead yellow with black stripes."

House-Fly (Musca Domestica)

"Ashy color, with the face black, the sides of the head yellow, and the forehead yellow with black stripes."

"In the Nile valley there had been found a few ancient inscriptions, carved upon stone in unknown characters, but no one could read them. The, about 1800 A.D., some soldiers of Napoleon in Egypt, while laying foundations for a fort, found a slab of black rock bearing three inscriptions. One of the inscriptions was in Greek, one was in the ancient hieroglyphics of the pyramids, and the third was in a later Egyptian writing, which had likewise been been forgotten." - West, 1904

Portion of Rosetta Stone

"In the Nile valley there had been found a few ancient inscriptions, carved upon stone in unknown characters,…

Also known as the Black Hair-streak.

Thecla Pruni

Also known as the Black Hair-streak.

"The caterpillar is yellow, spotted with black; its cocoon is boatshaped, with longitudinal furrows, and is straw color."

Cocoon of Zygaena Filipendulae

"The caterpillar is yellow, spotted with black; its cocoon is boatshaped, with longitudinal furrows,…

An illustration of Black tartarian cherries.

Black tartarian cherries

An illustration of Black tartarian cherries.

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Male Ash Black Ant (Formica Nigra)

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Female Ash Black Ant (Formica Nigra)

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Worker Ash Black Ant (Formica Nigra)

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

An illustration of a large black beetle.

Beetle

An illustration of a large black beetle.

The zebra is an ungulate from the Equidae family known for its black and white stripes.

Zebra

The zebra is an ungulate from the Equidae family known for its black and white stripes.

The Northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is a species of tuna native to the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea.

Northern Bluefin Tuna

The Northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is a species of tuna native to the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean…

"Abounds in trees and gardens. When it is touched it disgorges a black and acrid saliva, and ejects from the abdomen a corrosive liquid of a disagreeable odor. It lives on the larvae of other insects."

Golden Ground Beetle (Carabus Auratus)

"Abounds in trees and gardens. When it is touched it disgorges a black and acrid saliva, and ejects…

"Abounds in trees and gardens. When it is touched it disgorges a black and acrid saliva, and ejects from the abdomen a corrosive liquid of a disagreeable odor. It lives on the larvae of other insects."

Carabus Canaliculatus

"Abounds in trees and gardens. When it is touched it disgorges a black and acrid saliva, and ejects…

"An Australian insect, of a bright black, which attains to more than an inch and three quarters in length, and whose short, serrated legs enable it to hollow out the ground."

Campylocnemis Schroeteri

"An Australian insect, of a bright black, which attains to more than an inch and three quarters in length,…

Illustrations depicting a black knot of a plum. "1...represents the general appearance of the black-knot of the plum; 2, a cross-section; 2, an enlarged view of it, showing indentations on the external surface of the conceptacles or perithecia of the fungus; 4, a longitudinal section of the black-knot and branch of a plumtree...5, a typical representation of the perithecia." -Watts, 1874

Black knot of the plum

Illustrations depicting a black knot of a plum. "1...represents the general appearance of the black-knot…

"In answer to a communication of mine, Professor C. H. Peck, botanist, of Albany new York, informs me that he has found sacks filled with spores with in the perithecia of black-knot, and has furnished me with a sketch of the sack as seen by him, (see U, Fig. 17.) I represents a highly magnified view of the true spore of this for of Shaeria." -Watts, 1874

Black knot of the plum

"In answer to a communication of mine, Professor C. H. Peck, botanist, of Albany new York, informs me…

This illustration "represents its mycelium growth; 2,2 its budding cells, which terminate in fruit cells; 3, 3, 3, 3, bearing spores which germinate; 4, 4, are fungoid aggregations, which throw out filaments; their relation to the black mycelium is not represented thus far; 5 represents what appears to be a cross section of the asci or fruit, when perfectly formed and cut through its greatest diameter crosswise." -Watts, 1874

Stages of fungus growth

This illustration "represents its mycelium growth; 2,2 its budding cells, which terminate in fruit cells;…

He served as the Governor of Massachusetts between 1861 and 1866 during the tumultuous American Civil War. He was a guiding force behind the creation of some of the first U.S. Army units of black men.

John A. Andrew

He served as the Governor of Massachusetts between 1861 and 1866 during the tumultuous American Civil…

"Betula lenta. 1. male flowers; 2. female flowers; 3. perpendicular section of a ripe fruit; 4. transverse section of it." -Lindley, 1853

Sweet Birch

"Betula lenta. 1. male flowers; 2. female flowers; 3. perpendicular section of a ripe fruit; 4. transverse…

A Florida plant, the buckwheat tree: "Mylocaryum ligustrinum. 1. a flower; 2. stamens; 3. ovary; 4. section of seed." -Lindley, 1853

Buckwheat Tree

A Florida plant, the buckwheat tree: "Mylocaryum ligustrinum. 1. a flower; 2. stamens; 3. ovary; 4.…

The Battle of Big Black River Bridge, or Big Black, fought May 17, 1863, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War.

Battle at Big Black River

The Battle of Big Black River Bridge, or Big Black, fought May 17, 1863, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign…

The Battle of Big Black River Bridge, or Big Black, fought May 17, 1863, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War.

View on the Big Black River

The Battle of Big Black River Bridge, or Big Black, fought May 17, 1863, was part of the Vicksburg Campaign…

It was begun during the reign of King Henry I by the first Bishop of Carlisle, the Englishman Athelwold (1133-1155), who built a moderate-sized Norman minster of which the transepts and part of the nave still exist. The present cathedral has fine examples of stone tracery, mediæval stained glass, paintings and carvings. The building is made of red sandstone, which due to local weather at some places appears black.

Carlisle Cathedral

It was begun during the reign of King Henry I by the first Bishop of Carlisle, the Englishman Athelwold…

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born in 1367, during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. Richard became second in line to the throne when his older brother Edward of Angoulême died, and heir apparent when his father died in 1376. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.

Richard II

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was…

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born in 1367, during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. Richard became second in line to the throne when his older brother Edward of Angoulême died, and heir apparent when his father died in 1376. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.

Richard II of England

Richard II (6 January 1367 – ca. 14 February 1400) was King of England from 1377 until he was…

Black Partridge or Black Pheasant was a 19th century Peoria Lake Pottawatomie chieftain. He was later awarded a silver medal and had the engraving of President James Madison.

Medal Given to Black Partridge

Black Partridge or Black Pheasant was a 19th century Peoria Lake Pottawatomie chieftain. He was later…

Vincent Colyer (1825 - July 12, 1888) was a successful American artist noted for the images he created of the American West and a humanitarian who worked with philanthropic and Christian groups and the U.S. government to try to help freed black slaves and Native Americans.

Vincent Colyer

Vincent Colyer (1825 - July 12, 1888) was a successful American artist noted for the images he created…

Native to Florida, Crescentia obovata or the Black Calabash tree is a flowering plant of the Bignoniaceae family.

Black Calabash Tree

Native to Florida, Crescentia obovata or the Black Calabash tree is a flowering plant of the Bignoniaceae…

A cross section of the fruit of the black calabash tree (Crescentia cucurbitina), native to Florida.

Black Calabash Fruit

A cross section of the fruit of the black calabash tree (Crescentia cucurbitina), native to Florida.

A plague pit is the informal term used to refer to mass graves in which victims of the Black Death were buried. The plague which swept across Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, are estimated to have killed between one-third and two-thirds of Europe's population. Disposal of the bodies of those who died presented huge problems for the authorities, and eventually the normal patterns of burial and funerary observance broke down, usually during the most severe epidemics.

Plague Pits at Finsbury

A plague pit is the informal term used to refer to mass graves in which victims of the Black Death were…

The incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is a source of electric light that works by incandescence, (a general term for heat-driven light emissions which includes the simple case of black body radiation).

Incandescent Lamp

The incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is a source of electric light…

Diagrammatic representation of the roots and ganglia of the spinal nerves, showing their position in relation to the spinal column. The nerves are shown as thick black lines on the left side.

Spinal Nerves

Diagrammatic representation of the roots and ganglia of the spinal nerves, showing their position in…

An illustration of a brown pelican with a fish in it's mouth and a sea gull resting on his back. The brown pelican is the smallest of the eight species of pelican, although it is a large bird in nearly every other regard. It lives strictly on coasts from Washington and Virginia south to northern Chile and the mouth of the Amazon River, as well as the island of Saut d'Eau in Trinidad and Tobago. Some immature birds may stray to inland freshwater lakes. After nesting, North American birds move in flocks further north along the coasts, returning to warmer waters for winter. Their young are hatched in broods of about 3, and eat around 150 lbs. of fish in the 8-10 month period they are cared for. Gulls (often informally Seagulls) are birds in the family Laridae. They are typically medium to large birds, usually gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They typically have harsh wailing or squawking calls. They have stout, longish bills, and webbed feet.

Brown Pelican and Sea Gull

An illustration of a brown pelican with a fish in it's mouth and a sea gull resting on his back. The…

Edmund Pendleton Gaines (March 20, 1777 - June 6, 1849) was a United States army officer who served with distinction during the War of 1812, the Seminole Wars and the Black Hawk War.

Edmund Pendleton Gaines

Edmund Pendleton Gaines (March 20, 1777 - June 6, 1849) was a United States army officer who served…

The inauguration of President William McKinley led by the Black Horse Cavalry down Pennsylvania Avenue.

Inauguration of William McKinley

The inauguration of President William McKinley led by the Black Horse Cavalry down Pennsylvania Avenue.

"Flowering plant of sanicle (Sanicula marilandica). (a), a male flower; (b), the fruit." -Whitney, 1911

Maryland Black Snakeroot

"Flowering plant of sanicle (Sanicula marilandica). (a), a male flower; (b), the fruit." -Whitney, 1911

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was an American military leader and the twelfth President of the United States. Known as "Old Rough and Ready", Taylor had a 40-year military career in the U.S. Army, serving in the War of 1812, Black Hawk War, and Second Seminole War before achieving fame leading U.S. troops to victory at several critical battles of the Mexican-American War. A Southern slaveholder who opposed the spread of slavery to the territories, he was uninterested in politics but was recruited by the Whig Party as their nominee in the 1848 presidential election.

Zachary Taylor's Residence at Baton Rouge

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was an American military leader and the twelfth…

Orgyia leucostigma, the White-marked tussock moth, is a moth in the family Lymantriidae. The caterpillar is very common especially in late summer in eastern North America, as far west as Texas, Colorado, and Alberta. There are two or more generations a year in eastern North America (Wagner 2005). They overwinter in the egg stage. Eggs are laid in a single mass over the cocoon of the female, and covered in a froth (Wagner 2005). Up to 300 eggs are laid at a time. he larvae are brightly coloured, with tufts of hair-like setae. The head is bright red, the body has yellow or white stripes, with a black stripe along the middle of the back. There are bright red defensive glands on the hind end of the back. Four white toothbrush-like tufts stand out from the back, and there is a grey-brown hair pencil at the hind end. Touching the hairs will set off an allergic reaction in many humans (Wagner 2005). Young larvae skeletonize the surface of the leaf, while older larvae eat everything except the larger veins (Rose and Lindquist, 1982). They grow to about 35 mm.

White-marked Tussock Caterpillar

Orgyia leucostigma, the White-marked tussock moth, is a moth in the family Lymantriidae. The caterpillar…

The Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa, is a very small songbird. Adults are olive-gray on the upperparts with white underparts, with thin bills and short tails. They have white wing bars, a black stripe through the eyes and a yellow crown surrounded by black. The adult male has an orange patch in the middle of the yellow crown.

Golden-crowned Kinglet

The Golden-crowned Kinglet, Regulus satrapa, is a very small songbird. Adults are olive-gray on the…

The White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis) is a small songbird of the nuthatch family which breeds in old-growth woodland across much of temperate North America. It is a stocky bird, with a large head, short tail, powerful bill and strong feet. The upperparts are pale blue-gray, and the face and underparts are white. It has a black cap and a chestnut lower belly. The nine subspecies differ mainly in the color of the body plumage.

White-breasted Nuthatch

The White-breasted Nuthatch (Sitta carolinensis) is a small songbird of the nuthatch family which breeds…

The nuthatches are a genus, Sitta, of small passerine birds belonging to the family Sittidae. Characterised by large heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet, nuthatches advertise their territory using loud, simple songs. Most species exhibit grey or bluish upperparts and a black eye stripe. Most nuthatches breed in the temperate or montane woodlands of the Northern Hemisphere, although two species have adapted to rocky habitats in the warmer and drier regions of Eurasia. However, the greatest diversity is in Southern Asia, and similarities between the species have made it difficult to identify distinct species. All members of this genus nest in holes or crevices. Most species are non-migratory and live in their habitat year-round, although the North American Red-breasted Nuthatch migrates to warmer regions during the winter. A few nuthatch species have restricted ranges and face threats from deforestation.

Nuthatches

The nuthatches are a genus, Sitta, of small passerine birds belonging to the family Sittidae. Characterised…

The Red-breasted Nuthatch, Sitta canadensis, is a small songbird. Adults have blue-grey upperparts with reddish underparts; they have a white face with a black stripe through the eyes, a white throat, a straight grey bill and a black crown. This bird is smaller than the White-breasted Nuthatch.

Red-breasted Nuthatch

The Red-breasted Nuthatch, Sitta canadensis, is a small songbird. Adults have blue-grey upperparts with…

The Grey Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) is a medium-sized northern American perching bird of the mimid family. It is the only member of New World catbird genus Dumetella. Like the Black Catbird, it is among the basal lineages of the Mimidae. Adults are dark gray with a slim, black bill and dark eyes. They have a long dark tail, dark legs and a dark cap; they are rust-colored underneath their tail.

Gray Catbird

The Grey Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) is a medium-sized northern American perching bird of the mimid…

The Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapillus, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Ovenbirds are 14 cm long and weigh 18 g. They have white underparts streaked with black, and olive-brown upperparts. They have white eye rings, pinkish legs and thin pointed bills. They have orange lines on the top of their crowns, which are bordered on each side with dark brown.

Ovenbird

The Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapillus, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Ovenbirds are…

The Black-and-white Warbler, Mniotilta varia, is a small New World warbler. It breeds in northern and eastern North America from southern Canada to Florida. This species is migratory, wintering in Florida, Central America and the West Indies down to Peru. This species is a very rare vagrant to western Europe, mainly to Ireland and Great Britain. This species is 13 cm long and weighs 11 g. The summer male Black-and-white Warbler is boldly streaked in black and white, and the bird has been described as a flying humbug. There are two white wing bars. Female and juvenile plumages are similar, but duller and less streaked.

Black and White Warbler

The Black-and-white Warbler, Mniotilta varia, is a small New World warbler. It breeds in northern and…

The Black-throated Green Warbler, Dendroica virens, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. It is 12 cm long and weighs 9 g, and has an olive-green crown, a yellow face with olive markings, a thin pointed bill, white wing bars, an olive-green back and pale underparts with black streaks on the flanks. Adult males have a black throat and upper breast; females have a pale throat and black markings on their breast.

Black-throated Green Warbler

The Black-throated Green Warbler, Dendroica virens, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.…

The Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus, is a small American songbird, 13-14 cm in length. It is somewhat warbler-like but not closely related to the New World warblers. Adults are mainly olive-green on the upperparts with white underparts; they have a red iris and a grey crown edged with black. There is a dark blackish line through the eyes and a wide white stripe just above that line. They have thick blue-grey legs and a stout bill. They are yellowish on the flanks and under their tail. This bird, not always seen, may sing for long periods of time; it appears to be endlessly repeating the same question and answer. It holds the record for most songs given in a single day among bird species

Red-eyed Vireo

The Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus, is a small American songbird, 13-14 cm in length. It is somewhat…