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(1872-1932) German Opera Singer who was particularly successful in her rendering of Wagner. She was born in Anklam, Prussia on 15 June 1872. After receiving a musical education in Stettin, she made her operatic debut in Berlin in 1889 in the role of Undine. Highlights of her subsequent career in Germany included appearances in Wagner's works at the 1899 Bayreuth Festival and at the 1905/06 Munich Festival.

Johanna Gadski

(1872-1932) German Opera Singer who was particularly successful in her rendering of Wagner. She was…

(1821-1887) "Swedish Nightingale" Swedish singer.

Jenny Lind

(1821-1887) "Swedish Nightingale" Swedish singer.

(1859- ) The stage name of Mrs. Zoltan F. Dome, as an opera singer

Lillian Nordica

(1859- ) The stage name of Mrs. Zoltan F. Dome, as an opera singer

(1843- ) Opera singer

Adelina Patti

(1843- ) Opera singer

(1850-1925) Polish operatic singer. Renowned internationally for the high quality of his singing and the elegance of his bearing, he became the biggest male opera star of the late 19th century.

Jean De Reszke

(1850-1925) Polish operatic singer. Renowned internationally for the high quality of his singing and…

Marcella Sembrich (February 15, 1858 – January 11, 1935 was the stage name of the Polish coloratura soprano, Prakseda Marcelina Kochańska. She had an important international singing career, chiefly at the New York Metropolitan Opera and the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London.

Marcella Sembrich

Marcella Sembrich (February 15, 1858 – January 11, 1935 was the stage name of the Polish coloratura…

Girl sewing in silhouette.

Girl Sewing

Girl sewing in silhouette.

Fairy sewing on a leaf.

Fairy sewing

Fairy sewing on a leaf.

Machine planter about 1900.

Machine Planter

Machine planter about 1900.

Hands sewing with thread and needle.

Sewing

Hands sewing with thread and needle.

Governor, used for regulating output of steam engines.

Governor

Governor, used for regulating output of steam engines.

A gyroscope that is rotated to form an ellipse.

Gyroscope

A gyroscope that is rotated to form an ellipse.

An early helicopter concept.

Villard's Helicopter

An early helicopter concept.

A wheel or ring fixed to a framework, toothed on its inner side, and having in gear with it another toothed wheel of half the diameter of the first, fitted so as to revolve around the center of the latter.

Epicycloidal Wheel

A wheel or ring fixed to a framework, toothed on its inner side, and having in gear with it another…

An early fire engine.

Fire Engine

An early fire engine.

Internal-combustion engine, side view.

Gas Engine, Internal-Combustion Engine

Internal-combustion engine, side view.

Internal-combustion engine (sectional view)

Gas Engine, Internal-Combustion Engine

Internal-combustion engine (sectional view)

A machine used for lifting water, thought to have been invented by Archimedes in egypt for draining and irrigating land.

Archimedes' Screw

A machine used for lifting water, thought to have been invented by Archimedes in egypt for draining…

The dynamo machine generates electric currents by converting motive power into electricity through the agency of conductors and magnets.

Dynamo

The dynamo machine generates electric currents by converting motive power into electricity through the…

A machine designed to throw water for the purpose of extinguishing fires.

Fire Engine

A machine designed to throw water for the purpose of extinguishing fires.

A farm machine used to seperate seeds or grain from the stocks.

Thresher

A farm machine used to seperate seeds or grain from the stocks.

Elias Howe's original model of the sewing machine.

Sewing Machine

Elias Howe's original model of the sewing machine.

Born October 18, 1810 and died in December 1883. Was a famous Italian singer.

Giuseppe Mario

Born October 18, 1810 and died in December 1883. Was a famous Italian singer.

A machine that spins test tubes full of liquid. Uses centripetal forces to seperate the liquid.

Centrifugal Machine

A machine that spins test tubes full of liquid. Uses centripetal forces to seperate the liquid.

An old machine used to graph the impulse of the heart.

Cardiograph

An old machine used to graph the impulse of the heart.

The Florentine Singer playing an old guitar.

The Florentine Singer

The Florentine Singer playing an old guitar.

"Manassasas Junction, showing the evacuated Confederate fortifications, abondoned camps and wagons, and the ruins of the railway depot and other buildings burnt by the Confederates. The sight here cannot be portrayed. The large machine shops, the station houses, the commissary and quartermaster store houses, all in ashes. On the track stood the wreck of a locomotive, and not far down the remains of four freight cars which had been burned; to the right 500 barrels of flour had been stored, and 200 barrels of vinegar and molasses had been allowed to try experiments in chemical combinations; some 50 barrels of pork and beef had been scattered around in the mud, and a few hundred yards down the track a dense cloud of smoke was arising from the remains of a factory which had been used for rendering tallow and boiling bones." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Manassasas Junction

"Manassasas Junction, showing the evacuated Confederate fortifications, abondoned camps and wagons,…

"Infernal machine designed by the Confederates to destroy the Federal Flotilla in the Potomac discovered by Captain budd of the steamer "Resolute." An infernal machine designed by the Confederates to blow up the "Pawnee" and the vessels of the Potomac flotilla, which was set adrift near Aquia Creek, was picked up on the 7th of July, 1861, floating toward the "Pawnee." The following description of the article was sent to the Navy Department: "Two large eighty-gallon oil casks, perfectly watertight, acting as buoys, connected by twenty-five fathoms of three-and-a-half-inch-rope, buoyed with large squares of cork, every two feet secured to casks by iron handles. A heavy bomb of boiler iron, fitted with a brass tap and filled with powder, was suspended to the casks six feet under water. On top of the cask was a wooden box, with fuse in a gutta-percha tube. In the centre of the cork was a platform with a great length of fuse coiled away, occupying the middle of the cask." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Infernal machine

"Infernal machine designed by the Confederates to destroy the Federal Flotilla in the Potomac discovered…

Overbalancing wheel, gravity principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Overbalancing Wheel

Overbalancing wheel, gravity principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion…

Archimedean screw, gravity principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Archimedean Screw

Archimedean screw, gravity principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion…

Liquids of varying densities. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Liquids of Varying Densities

Liquids of varying densities. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Sponge plan, capillary principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Sponge Plan

Sponge plan, capillary principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Magnetic attraction on inclined plane. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Magnetic Attraction

Magnetic attraction on inclined plane. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion…

Buoyancy chambers, hydrostatic principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Buoyancy Chambers

Buoyancy chambers, hydrostatic principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion…

Magnetic pendulum, rotating field principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion device.

Magnetic Pendulum

Magnetic pendulum, rotating field principle. Illustration of an unsuccessful scheme for a perpetual-motion…

Pascal computing machine.

Pascal Computing Machine

Pascal computing machine.

Leibnitz computing machine.

Leibnitz Computing Machine

Leibnitz computing machine.

Felt Comptometer computing machine.

Felt Comptometer

Felt Comptometer computing machine.

Gutenberg's press. Screw presses down platen on the type.

Gutenberg Press

Gutenberg's press. Screw presses down platen on the type.

Tredwell of Boston invented the first power press. The type is raised to meet the platen.

First Power Press

Tredwell of Boston invented the first power press. The type is raised to meet the platen.

Arkright's water-frame wheel, the first power spinning-wheel.

Power Spinning Wheel

Arkright's water-frame wheel, the first power spinning-wheel.

"The Confederate invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The Confederate cavalry crossing the Potomac, June 11th, 1863. When the Confederate cavalry force under General Jenkins crossed the Potomac, a movement happily portrayed by our artist, and hurried across Maryland, within the borders of the Keystone State all with confusion and alarm. As they advanced it was impossible to tell what point would be assailed. Pittsburg, with its machine shops and foundries; Harrisburg, the capital, with the State archives; Philadelphia with its great wealth, might any or all be reached. in this emergency the Governor exerted his full powers, the citizens to some extent rallying to his call."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Confederate Invasion

"The Confederate invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The Confederate cavalry crossing the Potomac,…

"Five locomotives built at Vicksburg, Miss., by the Federal soldiers, under the superintendence of Colonel Collbaugh, of General McPherson's staff. Our special artist transmitting this sketch wrote: 'I herein inclose a sketch of five locomotives just completed here, being the result of the mechanical ingenuity displayed by the men in this department. General Grant, in one of his reports during the siege, remarked that there was no department of mechanical labor required to be performed but that men were always on hand well skilled in the business. The completion of these fine specimens of workmanship affords ample proof of the truth of his remark. On entering the city, last July, we found the <em>debris</em> of a machine shop and some scattered fragments of locomotives. Out of these our men have created a good workshop, with all the necessary machinery for casting car wheels, etc., and the result stands forth in these engines, of which our Rogers & Baldwins might well be proud.'"&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

locomotives

"Five locomotives built at Vicksburg, Miss., by the Federal soldiers, under the superintendence of Colonel…

"Admiral Dupont's machine shop, Station Creek, S. C."&mdash; Frank Leslie, 1896

Machine Shop

"Admiral Dupont's machine shop, Station Creek, S. C."— Frank Leslie, 1896

A check-row corn-planter, which plants two rows at once and rows the corn both ways.

Check-Row Corn-Planter

A check-row corn-planter, which plants two rows at once and rows the corn both ways.

The nightingale is renowned for its song. Its name is derrived from the Saxon meaning <em>night-singer</em>.

Nightingale

The nightingale is renowned for its song. Its name is derrived from the Saxon meaning night-singer.

"The Cotton-Gin, a machine that processes cotton."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Cotton Gin

"The Cotton-Gin, a machine that processes cotton."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Eli Whitney invented the cotton-gin in 1793."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Eli Whitney

"Eli Whitney invented the cotton-gin in 1793."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

"Elias Howe, invented the sewing machine."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Elias Howe

"Elias Howe, invented the sewing machine."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

"Calenders heated internally by steam, for spreading India Rubber into sheets or upon cloth, called the 'Chaffee Machine.'"—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Chaffee Machine

"Calenders heated internally by steam, for spreading India Rubber into sheets or upon cloth, called…

"Sounding Machine used by a cable expedition."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Sounding Machine

"Sounding Machine used by a cable expedition."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

"Shore end of cable, exact size, from a Sounding Machine."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

cable

"Shore end of cable, exact size, from a Sounding Machine."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

"Barnacles on cable of a Sounding Machine"&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

barnacles

"Barnacles on cable of a Sounding Machine"—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Signal Lever and Interlocking Tappet. F - Floor of Cabin G - Grove for interlocking bar N - Tappet V - Latch rod

Signal Lever

Signal Lever and Interlocking Tappet. F - Floor of Cabin G - Grove for interlocking bar N - Tappet V…

A machine or apparatus employed to reduce temperature by chemical or mechanical means.

Domestic Refrigerator

A machine or apparatus employed to reduce temperature by chemical or mechanical means.

"The guillotine was used during the Reign of Terror of the French Revolution. Now that the power of the Girondists was broken, and military successes had strengthened the revolutionary party in control, France entered upon that part of the Revolution known as the Reign of Terror. The characteristic feature of the next few months was the wholesale murder of all persons suspected of hostility toward the Jacobin government or lukewarmness on its behalf. To be sure, the victims enjoyed the show of a judicial trial, but sentence was rendered without regard to justice or the facts of the case and execution followed quickly. The guillotine, named after its inventor, Dr. Guillotin, was a serviceable instrument for disposing quickly of the condemned, and hardly a day passed without seeing a score or more of suspected persons beheaded in the city of Paris alone."&mdash;Colby, 1899

Guillotine

"The guillotine was used during the Reign of Terror of the French Revolution. Now that the power of…

"A Crane is a machine for lifting weights, worked either by hand or by steam, or by hydraulic power. The most common hand form consisting of an upright revolving post and projecting arm, the jib with a fixed pulley at its extremity. The lifting chain or rope is secured to the weight, passes over the fixed pulley, and then round a drum or cylinder; suitable toothed-wheel gearing worked by a handle revolves this drum, and thus winds up or unwinds the rope or chain, and so raises or lowers the weight."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Steam Crane

"A Crane is a machine for lifting weights, worked either by hand or by steam, or by hydraulic power.…

"A Fire Engine is a machine employed for throwing a jet of water for the purpose of extinguishing fires. The more recently constructed fire engines include contrivances for preventing the entrance of mud and gravel. They are usually drawn by two horses, though smaller engines are made to be drawn by hand or by one horse, while steam-propelled engines are in use in some cities."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Steam Fire Engine

"A Fire Engine is a machine employed for throwing a jet of water for the purpose of extinguishing fires.…

"A Flying Machine is a device for enabling man to navigate the air. The feat of flying has been often attempted; even among the ancients it was tried, and we are informed, succeeded to some slight extent. The most notable modern experiments with a view to attaining this end have been conducted by Hiram Maxim, of England, constructing his machine on the plane system."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Maxim’s Flying Machine

"A Flying Machine is a device for enabling man to navigate the air. The feat of flying has been often…

"Galvanism is the branch of electric science to which an experiment by Galvani gave birth. His wife, who was making soup from frogs, put them in proximity to a charged electrical machine. On touching them with a scalpel their legs became greatly convulsed. He came to the erroneous conclusion that animal electricity existed in the nerves and muscles of frogs, etc. His contemporary Volta inferred that the metals took the active part in producing the contraction, and the electricity was due to their contact. In 1800 he first described and constructed what has since been called the Voltaic pile."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Galvanic Battery

"Galvanism is the branch of electric science to which an experiment by Galvani gave birth. His wife,…