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The Tomb of Louis XVII Cluster is a fruit Festoon design found in St. Denis, France during the French Renaissance.

Tomb of Louis XVII Cluster

The Tomb of Louis XVII Cluster is a fruit Festoon design found in St. Denis, France during the French…

The Winged Lion is shown on the tomb of Loys de Bresze in the Rouen Cathedral during the 16th century.

Winged Lion

The Winged Lion is shown on the tomb of Loys de Bresze in the Rouen Cathedral during the 16th century.

This Dolphin Head was designed in a Cathedral in Limoges, France during French Renaissance.

Dolphin Head

This Dolphin Head was designed in a Cathedral in Limoges, France during French Renaissance.

The Half-figure Socle of Altar is the base platform design of the altar. It is a design of two half-figure human bodies with the bottom part is a scroll foliage design. This socle is found in the cathedral of Orvieto, Italy, designed during the Italian Renaissance.

Half-Figure Socle of Altar

The Half-figure Socle of Altar is the base platform design of the altar. It is a design of two half-figure…

The painted link border is a design found in a Cathedral in Brandenburg, Germany. It is a scroll design of leaves connected like a chain.

Painted Link Border

The painted link border is a design found in a Cathedral in Brandenburg, Germany. It is a scroll design…

This early gothic finial is a 13th century three dimensional cross. Made out of stone, it decorates the top of a cathedral found in Chatres, a town in north-central France.

Early Gothic Finial

This early gothic finial is a 13th century three dimensional cross. Made out of stone, it decorates…

The part of grill finial is a 15th century design found on the Toulouse Cathedral in France. It is made out of wrought-iron and is in the shape of a flower.

Part of Grill Finial

The part of grill finial is a 15th century design found on the Toulouse Cathedral in France. It is made…

The stone knob finial is an Italian Gothic design found in a Milan Cathedral. It is typically used as termination in architecture and furniture.

Stone Knob Finial

The stone knob finial is an Italian Gothic design found in a Milan Cathedral. It is typically used as…

The stone knob finial is an Italian Gothic design found in a Milan Cathedral. It is typically used as termination in architecture and furniture.

Stone Knob Finial

The stone knob finial is an Italian Gothic design found in a Milan Cathedral. It is typically used as…

The lower part of column profiled shaft is a design found in the Mayence Cathedral in Germany.

Lower Part of Column Profiled Shaft

The lower part of column profiled shaft is a design found in the Mayence Cathedral in Germany.

The Holy water-stoup candelabrum-like shaft is an Italian Renaissance design that is found in the Pisa Cathedral.

Holy Water-Stoup Candelabrum-like Shaft

The Holy water-stoup candelabrum-like shaft is an Italian Renaissance design that is found in the Pisa…

This Romanesque console is a 12th century design found in the Noyon cathedral in France. This type of support tappers downwards like a pendant with a round plan.

Romanesque Console

This Romanesque console is a 12th century design found in the Noyon cathedral in France. This type of…

The Renaissance square panel is mosaic flooring design found in a cathedral in Spoleto, Itlay.

Renaissance Square Panel

The Renaissance square panel is mosaic flooring design found in a cathedral in Spoleto, Itlay.

The Medieval circular panel is found on a glass-painting in Soissons cathedral in France.

Medieval Circular Panel

The Medieval circular panel is found on a glass-painting in Soissons cathedral in France.

Giotto's bell tower (campanile) stands on the Cathedral square (Piazza del Duomo) in Florence, Italy. This bell tower is one of the showpieces of the Florentine gothic style. Standing isolated next to the Cathedral Santa Maria del Fiore and in front of the Baptistery of St. John, this splendid construction attracts the eye and the admiration of every art lover by its design, rich sculptural decorations and the many-coloured marble encrustations.

Giotto's Campanile

Giotto's bell tower (campanile) stands on the Cathedral square (Piazza del Duomo) in Florence, Italy.…

An illustration of a Gothic capitals from Wells Cathedral. In several traditions of architecture including Classical architecture, the capital (from the Latin caput, 'head') forms the crowning member of a column or a pilaster. The capital projects on each side as it rises, in order to support the abacus and unite the form of the latter (normally square) with the circular shaft of the column.

Gothic Capitals

An illustration of a Gothic capitals from Wells Cathedral. In several traditions of architecture including…

An illustration of a Gothic capitals from from Amiens Cathedral. In several traditions of architecture including Classical architecture, the capital (from the Latin caput, 'head') forms the crowning member of a column or a pilaster. The capital projects on each side as it rises, in order to support the abacus and unite the form of the latter (normally square) with the circular shaft of the column.

Gothic Capitals

An illustration of a Gothic capitals from from Amiens Cathedral. In several traditions of architecture…

An illustration of the floor plan of Canterbury Cathedral. Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, is one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England and forms part of a World Heritage Site. It is the cathedral of the Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the Church of England and the worldwide Anglican Communion. Its formal title is the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ at Canterbury.

Canterbury Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Canterbury Cathedral. Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent,…

An illustration of the floor plan of Salisbury Cathedral.

Salisbury Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Salisbury Cathedral.

An illustration of the floor plan of Durham Cathedral. The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary the Virgin and St Cuthbert of Durham, commonly referred to as Durham Cathedral, in the city of Durham, England, was founded in AD 1093 and remains a centre for Christian worship today. It is generally regarded as one of the finest examples of a Norman cathedral and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with nearby Durham Castle, which faces it across Palace Green, high above the River Wear.

Durham Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Durham Cathedral. The Cathedral Church of Christ, Blessed Mary…

An illustration of the floor plan of Ely Cathedral. Ely Cathedral (in full, The Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Ely) is the principal church of the Diocese of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, England, and the seat of the Bishop of Ely. It is known locally as "the ship of the Fens", because of its prominent shape that towers above the surrounding flat and watery landscape.

Ely Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Ely Cathedral. Ely Cathedral (in full, The Cathedral Church of…

An illustration of the floor plan of Chartres Cathedral. The Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres, (French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres), located in Chartres, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Paris, is considered one of the finest examples in all France of the Gothic style of architecture.

Chartres Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Chartres Cathedral. The Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres, (French:…

An illustration of the floor plan of Sens Cathedral. Sens Cathedral, Cathedral of St. Étienne or St. Stephen's Cathedral, Sens (Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Sens) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Sens, Bourgogne. One of the earliest Gothic buildings in France, it was begun in 1140 and belongs mainly to the 12th century, but was not complete until early in the 16th century. The architecture of its choir influenced, through the architect William of Sens, that of the choir of Canterbury Cathedral.

Sens Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Sens Cathedral. Sens Cathedral, Cathedral of St. Étienne…

An illustration of the floor plan of Angouleme Cathedral. A first cathedral was built on the site a primitive, pre-Christian sanctuary, in the 4th century AD. The edifice was destroyed when the town was taken by Clovis after the Battle of Vouillé (507). Another cathedral was consecrated in 560, but this was also set on fire by the Vikings/Normans some two centuries later. A third cathedral was then constructed under bishop Grimoard, abbot of Saint-Pierre de Brantôme. The new church was consecrated in 1017. However, at the beginning of the 12th century the citizens started to consider it too small for to the wealth of the county. The designer was bishop Gerard II, one of the most important French figures of the time, who was a professor, Papal legate for four popes and also a notable artist. Works began about 1110 and finished in 1128.

Angouleme Cathedral

An illustration of the floor plan of Angouleme Cathedral. A first cathedral was built on the site a…

The Cathedral of Our Lady of Amiens (French: Cath&eacute;drale Notre-Dame d'Amiens), or simply Amiens Cathedral, is the tallest complete cathedral in France, with the greatest interior volume (estimated at 200,000 m<sup>3</sup>). The vaults of the nave are 42.30 m high, the tallest nave vaults in any completed French cathedral, and surpassed only by the incomplete Beauvais Cathedral. This monumental cathedral is located in Amiens, the chief city of Picardy, in the Somme River valley a little over 100 kilometers north of Paris.

Amiens Cathedral

The Cathedral of Our Lady of Amiens (French: Cathédrale Notre-Dame d'Amiens), or simply Amiens…

"Section and Interior View of the five-aisled Basilica of S. Pietro at Rome, before its restoration. Large basilicas sometimes have as many as five aisles &mdash; namely, a main-aisle in the middle, and two lower aisles on each side."

Old St. Peter's Basilica

"Section and Interior View of the five-aisled Basilica of S. Pietro at Rome, before its restoration.…

"Profile and view from beneath of the Rafters in the Christian Basilica of San Miniato at Florence. The roofing of the basilicas consisted of beams with a flat paneling, which was richly gilt in earlier times, or the rafters of the timberworks were left without a casing, and were ornamented with colorful embellishments."

Profile of San Miniato al Monte

"Profile and view from beneath of the Rafters in the Christian Basilica of San Miniato at Florence.…

The Lincoln Cathedral in England is an example of early English Gothic architecture during medieval times.

Lincoln Cathedral

The Lincoln Cathedral in England is an example of early English Gothic architecture during medieval…

"Tower of the Early Christian Basilica of S. Maria in Cosmedin at Rome." Santa Maria in Cosmedin (or de Schola Graeca) is a basilica church in Rome. The church was built in the 6th century over the remains of the Templum Herculis Pompeiani in the Forum Boarium and of the Statio annonae, one of the food distribution centres of ancient Rome.

Tower of Santa Maria in Cosmedin

"Tower of the Early Christian Basilica of S. Maria in Cosmedin at Rome." Santa Maria in Cosmedin (or…

"Section of the Church of S. Constantia at Rome. The simplest desctiptions of this kind of building are the baptistries, for which the ancient Thermæ furnished models. They generally have a circular or octagonal ground plan, a main space covered with a round or polygonal dome, and a circular passage separated therefrom by pillars in the same way that the side aisles are separated from the main aisle in basilicas. Sometimes they were without this passage, and only had galleries running round the interior like boxes in a theater. These buildings were generally constructed in the vicinity of cathedrals.

Santa Costanza

"Section of the Church of S. Constantia at Rome. The simplest desctiptions of this kind of building…

"&Eacute;pi. A slender finial of metal or terracotta, ornamenting the extremities or intersections of roof-ridges or forming the termination of a pointed roof or spire. &Eacute;pi of Lead, 13th century-- Cathedral of Chartres." -Whitney, 1911

Épi

"Épi. A slender finial of metal or terracotta, ornamenting the extremities or intersections of…

The Renaissance spanrail panel is a plinth (base) of a column. It is found in the St. Anthony cathedral in Padua, Italy.

Renaissance Spanrail Panel

The Renaissance spanrail panel is a plinth (base) of a column. It is found in the St. Anthony cathedral…

The marble panel is an Italian Renaissance design done with inlaid work. It is found in the pulpit of a cathedral in Savona, Italy.

Marble Panel

The marble panel is an Italian Renaissance design done with inlaid work. It is found in the pulpit of…

The marble panel is an Italian Renaissance design done with inlaid work. It is found in the pulpit of a cathedral in Savona, Italy.

Marble Panel

The marble panel is an Italian Renaissance design done with inlaid work. It is found in the pulpit of…

The mosaic circle pattern is inlaid pieces of stone, wood, glass, leather or straw to make a picture or pattern. This design is found in a cathedral in Monreale, Sicily, Italy.

Mosaic Square Pattern

The mosaic circle pattern is inlaid pieces of stone, wood, glass, leather or straw to make a picture…

This marble mosaic circle pattern is inlaid pieces of glass found in the windows of a cathedral in Florence, Italy.

Marble Mosaic Circle Pattern

This marble mosaic circle pattern is inlaid pieces of glass found in the windows of a cathedral in Florence,…

A pulpit (from Latin pulpitum "scaffold", "platform", "stage") is a small elevated platform from which a member of the clergy delivers a sermon in a house of worship.

Pulpit

A pulpit (from Latin pulpitum "scaffold", "platform", "stage") is a small elevated platform from which…

The Tabard, an inn that stood on the east side of Borough High Street in Southwark, was established in 1307, when the abbot of Hyde purchased the land to construct a hostel for himself and his brethren, when business took them to London, as well as an inn to accommodate the numerous pilgrims headed on annual pilgrimage to the Shrine of Thomas Beckett in Canterbury Cathedral. The Tabard is famous as the place owned by Harry Bailey, the host in Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, and is described in the first few lines of Chaucer's work as the location where the pilgrims first meet on their journey to Canterbury in the 1380s.

Tabard Inn

The Tabard, an inn that stood on the east side of Borough High Street in Southwark, was established…

Built in 1077, the excubitorium or watching-loft of the St. Albans Cathedral in England is an example of Romanesque architecture.

Excubitorium of St. Albans Cathedral in Englan

Built in 1077, the excubitorium or watching-loft of the St. Albans Cathedral in England is an example…

"A small desk in cathedrals, churches, etc., at which the litany is enjoined to be sung or said. It is sometimes called a litany stool or litany desk, and when used it is generally placed in the middle of the choir, sometimes near the steps of the altar." -Whitney, 1911

Faldstool

"A small desk in cathedrals, churches, etc., at which the litany is enjoined to be sung or said. It…

The cloisters of Gloucester Cathedral in England show an early example of fan-tracery, patterns carved on a vault.

Fan-Tracery of Cloisters of Gloucester Cathedral

The cloisters of Gloucester Cathedral in England show an early example of fan-tracery, patterns carved…

An illustration depicting the inside of an apse. In architecture, the apse (Latin absis "arch, vault"; sometimes written apsis; plural apses) is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault. In Romanesque, Byzantine and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral and church architecture, the term is applied to the semi-circular or polygonal section of the sanctuary at the liturgical east end beyond the altar. Geometrically speaking, an apse is either a half-cone or half-dome.

Apse of a Cathedral

An illustration depicting the inside of an apse. In architecture, the apse (Latin absis "arch, vault";…

"Finial, A. D. 1230, Cathedral of Amiens, France. In architecture, the ornamental termination or apex of a pinnacle, canopy, gable, or the like, consisting usually of a knob or composition of foliage." -Whitney, 1911

Finial from the Cathedral of Amiens

"Finial, A. D. 1230, Cathedral of Amiens, France. In architecture, the ornamental termination or apex…

"Flamboyant Tracery, Rouen Cathedral, Normandy" showing the intersecting ribs of tracery in windows of Gothic architecture. -Whitney, 1911

Tracery of Rouen Cathedral

"Flamboyant Tracery, Rouen Cathedral, Normandy" showing the intersecting ribs of tracery in windows…

"Font, Cathedral of Langres, France; end of 13th century. A repository for the water used in baptism; now, specifically, a basin, usually of marble or other fine stone, permanently fixed within a church, to contain the water for baptism by sprinkling or immersion: distinctively called a baptismal font." -Whitney, 1911

Baptismal Font

"Font, Cathedral of Langres, France; end of 13th century. A repository for the water used in baptism;…

"Gable of the South Transept Door of Notre Dame, Paris; 13th century." -Whitney, 1911

Gable at Notre Dame de Paris

"Gable of the South Transept Door of Notre Dame, Paris; 13th century." -Whitney, 1911

"Gable Tower, Dormans, France. A tower finished with gables on two sides or on all four sides, instead of terminating in a spire, a parapet, or otherwise." -Whitney, 1911

Gable Tower in France

"Gable Tower, Dormans, France. A tower finished with gables on two sides or on all four sides, instead…

"Galleries of the west front of the Cathedral of Amiens, 13th century, illustrating treatment of galleries as a decorative feature." -Whitney, 1911

Galleries of Cathedral of Amiens

"Galleries of the west front of the Cathedral of Amiens, 13th century, illustrating treatment of galleries…

A gargoyle on the 13th century cathedral, La Sainte-Chapel in Paris, France, an example of Gothic architecture.

Gothic Gargoyle

A gargoyle on the 13th century cathedral, La Sainte-Chapel in Paris, France, an example of Gothic architecture.

The Cathedral of Cologne is renowned as a monument of Christianity and of Gothic architecture. It is the largest Gothic church in Northern Europe. Because of its enormous twin spires, it also presents the largest façade of any church in the world. The famous tomb of the Magi is contained within its walls. Three copper lamps, always burning, bear the names of the three kings, Gaspar, Melchior, and Balthazar.

Cathedral of Cologne

The Cathedral of Cologne is renowned as a monument of Christianity and of Gothic architecture. It is…

The old Byzantine church, St. Martin's Church was the beloved church of the poor. It stood by the Cathedral of Cologne and represented the old Catholic city of the Rhine.

St. Martin's Church

The old Byzantine church, St. Martin's Church was the beloved church of the poor. It stood by the Cathedral…

Strasbourg is a city in France. It is located near the German border and at one time was a part of the German Empire. The platform resides on the lower tower and can be reached by three hundred and sixty steps. Two watchmen are constantly on duty to give notice of fire in the city. As proof that one of them is always awake they are forced to ring the great bell every fifteen minutes.

Platform of Strassburg Cathedral

Strasbourg is a city in France. It is located near the German border and at one time was a part of the…

Strassburg Cathedral is classed among the most magnificent examples of Gothic architecture. It was begun in 1015, the work of Erwin of Steinbach, and finished in 1601. After the death of Erwin of Steinbach, the work was continued by his son and his daughter Sabina. It was completed by John Stultz of Cologne.

Strassburg Cathedral

Strassburg Cathedral is classed among the most magnificent examples of Gothic architecture. It was begun…

The original Freiburg Cathedral, was founded by Conrad, Duke of Zaeringen in the 12th Century. The present cathedral completed in 1513, is considered one of the finest specimens of Gothic architecture in Germany. The Cathedral has an impressive steeple reaching to the height of three hundred and sixty five feet above the ground. The interior of the steeple is completely hollow.

Catherdal of Freiburg

The original Freiburg Cathedral, was founded by Conrad, Duke of Zaeringen in the 12th Century. The present…

Salzburg was a city state in the Roman empire until 1805, when it was conquered by the Austrian army. The city is filled with churches, palaces, burgher houses, and a cathedral displaying every style and modification of architecture from Romanesque to neo-classical.

View of Salzburg

Salzburg was a city state in the Roman empire until 1805, when it was conquered by the Austrian army.…

Exterior of the Cathedral of St. Stephen, also called Stephansdom, in the heart of old Vienna. Its construction lasted 65 years, from 1368 to 1433. A glory of St. Stephen's Cathedral is its ornately patterned, richly colored roof.

St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna

Exterior of the Cathedral of St. Stephen, also called Stephansdom, in the heart of old Vienna. Its construction…

The Cathedral of St. Stephen, also called Stephansdom, stands in the heart of old Vienna. The Cathedral is considered a work of Gothic art, and boosts of a beautiful carved pulpit. So that the local language sermon could be better heard by the worshipers before microphones and loud speakers, the pulpit stands against a pillar out in the nave, instead of in the chancel at the front of the church.

St. Stephen's Cathedral Pulpit

The Cathedral of St. Stephen, also called Stephansdom, stands in the heart of old Vienna. The Cathedral…

View of man striking the Christmas chimes at the Cathedral of St. Stephen, also called Stephansdom, stands in the heart of old Vienna.

Striking the Christmas Chimes at St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna

View of man striking the Christmas chimes at the Cathedral of St. Stephen, also called Stephansdom,…

Basaltic rock is a common extrusive volcanic rock. Fingal's Cave is a sea cave composed of basaltic rocks on the uninhabited island of Staffa, in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. It has a naturally arched roof, and with the eerie sounds produced by the echoes of waves, it has the atmosphere of a natural cathedral.

Basaltic Rock

Basaltic rock is a common extrusive volcanic rock. Fingal's Cave is a sea cave composed of basaltic…

The Lincoln Cathedral (The Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln) is a geometric style Gothic cathedral in Canterbury, England.

Lincoln Cathedral

The Lincoln Cathedral (The Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln) is a geometric style…