The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama in 1889.

Alabama

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama in 1889.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama.

Seal of Alabama

The official seal of the U.S. state of Alabama.

The state banner of Alaska.

Alaska

The state banner of Alaska.

This modern French amphora is a state amphora.

Modern French Amphora

This modern French amphora is a state amphora.

The state banner of Arizona, the apache state.

Arizona

The state banner of Arizona, the apache state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Arkansas in 1889.

Arkansas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Arkansas in 1889.

The state banner of Arkansas, the bear state.

Arkansas

The state banner of Arkansas, the bear state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of California in 1889.

California

The official seal of the U.S. state of California in 1889.

The state banner of California.

California

The state banner of California.

The state banner of North Carolina, the old north state.

North Carolina

The state banner of North Carolina, the old north state.

The state banner of South Carolina, the palmetto state.

South Carolina

The state banner of South Carolina, the palmetto state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Colorado in 1889.

Colorado

The official seal of the U.S. state of Colorado in 1889.

The state banner of Colorado, the silver state.

Colorado

The state banner of Colorado, the silver state.

The proposed seal of the Confederate States of America.

Confederate States Seal

The proposed seal of the Confederate States of America.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Connecticut in 1889.

Connecticut

The official seal of the U.S. state of Connecticut in 1889.

The state banner of North Dakota, the great cereal state.

North Dakota

The state banner of North Dakota, the great cereal state.

The state banner of South Dakota, the coyote state.

South Dakota

The state banner of South Dakota, the coyote state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Delaware in 1889.

Delaware

The official seal of the U.S. state of Delaware in 1889.

The state banner of Delaware, the diamond state.

Delaware

The state banner of Delaware, the diamond state.

The United States seal of the Department of State.

Department of State

The United States seal of the Department of State.

The banner of Washington, District of Columbia.

District of Columbia

The banner of Washington, District of Columbia.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Florida in 1889.

Florida

The official seal of the U.S. state of Florida in 1889.

The state banner of Florida, the everglade state.

Florida

The state banner of Florida, the everglade state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Georgia in 1889.

Georgia

The official seal of the U.S. state of Georgia in 1889.

The state banner of Georgia, the empire state of the south.

Georgia

The state banner of Georgia, the empire state of the south.

The state banner of New Hampshire, the granite state.

New Hampshire

The state banner of New Hampshire, the granite state.

The state banner of Idaho, the gem of the mountain state.

Idaho

The state banner of Idaho, the gem of the mountain state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Illinois in 1889.

Illinois

The official seal of the U.S. state of Illinois in 1889.

The state banner of Illinois, the prairie state.

Illinois

The state banner of Illinois, the prairie state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Indiana in 1889.

Indiana

The official seal of the U.S. state of Indiana in 1889.

The state banner of Indiana, the Hoosier state.

Indiana

The state banner of Indiana, the Hoosier state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Iowa in 1889.

Iowa

The official seal of the U.S. state of Iowa in 1889.

The state banner of Iowa, the hawkeye state.

Iowa

The state banner of Iowa, the hawkeye state.

The state banner of Rhode Island.

Rhode Island

The state banner of Rhode Island.

The state banner of New Jersey, the garden state.

New Jersey

The state banner of New Jersey, the garden state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kansas in 1889.

Kansas

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kansas in 1889.

The state banner of Kansas, the sunflower state.

Kansas

The state banner of Kansas, the sunflower state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kentucky in 1889.

Kentucky

The official seal of the U.S. state of Kentucky in 1889.

The state banner of Kentucky, the blue grass state.

Kentucky

The state banner of Kentucky, the blue grass state.

"A labratory liquid air machine used by Thomson and Joule used to cool hydrogen from a gaseous state to a liquid state." —The Encyclopedia Britannica 1910

Liquid Air Machine

"A labratory liquid air machine used by Thomson and Joule used to cool hydrogen from a gaseous state…

The official seal of the U.S. state of Louisiana in 1889.

Louisiana

The official seal of the U.S. state of Louisiana in 1889.

The state banner of Louisiana, the pelican state.

Louisiana

The state banner of Louisiana, the pelican state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maine in 1889.

Maine

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maine in 1889.

The state banner of Maine, the pine tree state.

Maine

The state banner of Maine, the pine tree state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maryland in 1889.

Maryland

The official seal of the U.S. state of Maryland in 1889.

The state banner of Maryland, the old line state.

Maryland

The state banner of Maryland, the old line state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1889.

Massachusetts

The official seal of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in 1889.

The state banner of Massachusetts, the bay state.

Massachusetts

The state banner of Massachusetts, the bay state.

The state banner of New Mexico, the sunshine state.

New Mexico

The state banner of New Mexico, the sunshine state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Michigan in 1889.

Michigan

The official seal of the U.S. state of Michigan in 1889.

The state banner of Michigan, the wolverine state.

Michigan

The state banner of Michigan, the wolverine state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota in 1889.

Minnesota

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota in 1889.

The state banner of Minnesota, the north star state.

Minnesota

The state banner of Minnesota, the north star state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota.

Seal of Minnesota

The official seal of the U.S. state of Minnesota.

The state banner of Mississippi, the bayou state.

Mississippi

The state banner of Mississippi, the bayou state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Missouri in 1889.

Missouri

The official seal of the U.S. state of Missouri in 1889.

The state banner of Missouri, the bullion state.

Missouri

The state banner of Missouri, the bullion state.

The state banner of Montana, the bonanza state.

Montana

The state banner of Montana, the bonanza state.

The official seal of the U.S. state of Nebraska in 1889.

Nebraska

The official seal of the U.S. state of Nebraska in 1889.

The state banner of Nebraska, the antelope state.

Nebraska

The state banner of Nebraska, the antelope state.