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"The Bouquet Battery, commanding the viaduct over the Patapsco River, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, near the Relay House, in 1861. The Relay House was a small railroad station about seven miles from Baltimore, on the Northern Central Railroad. It was of small population and trade, but its position elevated it into considerable importance. Immediately after the troubles in Baltimore this position was seized upon, and General Butler made it his headquarters, and by so doing not only held the control of the railrod to Harper's Ferry and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and Patapsco River, but threatened the city of Baltimore with a strong military force. The Relay House was romantically situated in a country of exquisite natural beauty. Our sketch shows the battery stationed to command the viaduct, with the Relay House in the distance." —Leslie, 1896

Bouquet Battery

"The Bouquet Battery, commanding the viaduct over the Patapsco River, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad,…

Image of a locomotive from the front. E is the exhaust pipe, and S is the smokestack. T are tubes through which hot gases are expelled.

Locomotive Blast

Image of a locomotive from the front. E is the exhaust pipe, and S is the smokestack. T are tubes through…

"Camp Dennison, sixteen miles above Cincinnati, on the banks of the Miami River, General Cox commanding- the Cleveland, Cincinnati and Columbus Railroad passed directly through the camp grounds. This camp, which was organized for a camp of instruction and drill, was situated about sixteen miles above Cincinnati, on a field of seventy-five acres, on the banks of the Miami River, surrounded by high bluffs. The Cleveland, Cincinnati and Columbus Railroad passed directly through the grounds, and this road was guarded for miles by sentries in order to watch bridges, telegraph wires and culverts, as spies were infesting the whole country. There were 18,000 men in camp, including the splendid Kentucky Regiment of Guthrie Grays, and quarters were erected for 20,000 men, who were soon on the ground. The tents were rough-board shanties, but were comfortable, and the officers had marquees erected in the rear of the regimental quarters. This brigade was under the command of General Cox, a West Point officer, and under the immediate supvervision of General George B. McClellan. It was in a beautiful location, and the troops were kept under a very strict surveillance, there being but few spectators allowed to visit the ground." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Camp Dennison

"Camp Dennison, sixteen miles above Cincinnati, on the banks of the Miami River, General Cox commanding-…

An armoured train is a train protected with armour. Usually they are equipped with railroad cars armed with artillery and machine guns. They were mostly used during the late 19th and early 20th century, when they offered an innovative way to quickly move large amounts of firepower into position. Their use was discontinued because modern road vehicles became much more powerful and offered more flexibility, and because armoured trains were too vulnerable to track sabotage as well as attacks from the air.

Military Railroad Car

An armoured train is a train protected with armour. Usually they are equipped with railroad cars armed…

An open railroad car having no enclosings.

Platform Car

An open railroad car having no enclosings.

The all-steel postal car was first used by the Erie Railroad. The first of the type was built by the Standard Steel Car Company of Butler, Pa.

Railway Postal Car

The all-steel postal car was first used by the Erie Railroad. The first of the type was built by the…

An aerial-view of Lake Alfred, Florida.

City

An aerial-view of Lake Alfred, Florida.

"Transportation in a large city, showing elevated road, surface line, and subway." -Gordy, 1916

City Transportation

"Transportation in a large city, showing elevated road, surface line, and subway." -Gordy, 1916

"Commissariat Depot of the United States Army of the Rappahannock at Manassas, Va. Our sketch shows the Federal Commissariat Depot at Manassas before the second battle of Bull Run, when Jackson by a forced march of sixty miles in thirty-five hours had at his mercy all of General Pope's most important supplies and munitions of war, and which Stuart, with a strong force of troops under Colonel Trimble, took possession of, or destroyed, on the night of August 26th, 1862. Manassas is situated on the Virginia Midland and Great Southern Railroad, thirty-three miles west southwest of Washington, and twenty-seven miles west of Alexandria. It is the junction and last terminus of the Manassas division of the same road."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Commissariat Depot

"Commissariat Depot of the United States Army of the Rappahannock at Manassas, Va. Our sketch shows…

"Peter Cooper's locomotive, 1829."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Cooper's Locomotive

"Peter Cooper's locomotive, 1829."—E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Peter Cooper manufactured the first steam powered railroad locomotive made in America, which was called <em>Tom Thumb</em>.

Peter Cooper's Train

Peter Cooper manufactured the first steam powered railroad locomotive made in America, which was called…

"The form of Dumoutier is merely a refinement on the Montreuil method. The formation of the tree commences with the inferior limbs and proceeds towards the center, he branches being lowered from time to time as the tree acquires strength. What is most worthy of notice in this method is the management of the subordinates in the pruning for fruit." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Dumontier's Fan

"The form of Dumoutier is merely a refinement on the Montreuil method. The formation of the tree commences…

Baldwin engine

Baldwin engine

Baldwin engine

The first electric railway built in Berlin in 1879. The line was 2 feet wide and 2,700 feet long.

Siemens and Halske's Electric Engine

The first electric railway built in Berlin in 1879. The line was 2 feet wide and 2,700 feet long.

"A combination of wheels and axles, as shown, is called a train. The wheel in a train to which motion is imparted from a wheel on another shaft by such means as a belt or gearing, is called the driven wheel or follower; the hweel that imparts the motion is called the driver." &mdash;Hallock 1905

Train

"A combination of wheels and axles, as shown, is called a train. The wheel in a train to which motion…

A combination of wheels and axles, called a train. The wheel that is moving with a belt is called a driven wheel or follower. The wheel which causes the follower to move is the driver.`

Gear Train

A combination of wheels and axles, called a train. The wheel that is moving with a belt is called a…

using a mechanical system of gears or belts and pulleys to increase or decrease shaft speed. Power losses from friction are inherent in any gearing system.

Change Speed Gearing

using a mechanical system of gears or belts and pulleys to increase or decrease shaft speed. Power losses…

Equipped with or connected by gears or having gears engaged

Mechanical Gearing

Equipped with or connected by gears or having gears engaged

Grand Central Depot showing elevated railroad in New York.

Grand Central Station

Grand Central Depot showing elevated railroad in New York.

"The cross-wire system is another method of training which appears to be confined in this country to the Hudson River Valley, and even there it is used only to a limited extent. But at Jura&ccedil;on, Bassess-Pyr&eacute;n&eacute;es, France, this system is regularly followed. Poles are used in place of the wires, however. [The image] represents vines trained in this manner."&mdash;Government Printing Office, 1897

Cross-Wire System of Grape Training

"The cross-wire system is another method of training which appears to be confined in this country to…

"E represents the scape-wheel turning in a minute, and e its pinion, which is driven by the wheel D having a pinion d driven by the wheel C, which we may suppose to turn in an hour. The arbors of the scape-wheel and hour-wheel are distinct, their pivots-meeting in a bush fixed somewhere between the wheels. The pivots of the wheel, D are set in the frame AP, which rides on the arbors of the hour-wheel and scape-wheel, or on another short arbor between them. The hour-wheel also drives another wheel G, which again drives the pinion f on the arbor which carries the two arms f A, f B; and on the same arbor is set a fly with a ratchet, like a common striking fly, and the numbers of the teeth are so arranged that the fly will turn once for each turn of the scapewheel. The ends of the remontoire arms f A, f B are capable of alternately passing the notches cut half through the arbor of the scape-wheel, as those notches successively come into the proper position at the end of every half minute; as soon as that happens the-hour-wheel raises the movable wheel D and its frame through a small angle; but nevertheless, that wheel keeps pressing on the scape-wheel as if it were not moving, the point of contact of the wheel C and the pinion d being the fulcrum or center of motion of the level A d P." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Gravity Train Remontoire

"E represents the scape-wheel turning in a minute, and e its pinion, which is driven by the wheel D…

A horse trained to run around a circus ring with a man standing on his back.

Circus Horse

A horse trained to run around a circus ring with a man standing on his back.

Passangers get their luggage inspected before boarding a train.

Inspection

Passangers get their luggage inspected before boarding a train.

"The campaign in Kentucky, Federal troops under General Johnston, advancing on the Louisville and Nashville Turnpike, overtaken by the equipage and baggage train on the Louisville and Nashville Railroad."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Campaign in Kentucky

"The campaign in Kentucky, Federal troops under General Johnston, advancing on the Louisville and Nashville…

Signal Lever and Interlocking Tappet. F - Floor of Cabin G - Grove for interlocking bar N - Tappet V - Latch rod

Signal Lever

Signal Lever and Interlocking Tappet. F - Floor of Cabin G - Grove for interlocking bar N - Tappet V…

Steam locomotive.

Locomotive

Steam locomotive.

A locomotive designed for fast passenger service in 1902.

Locomotive

A locomotive designed for fast passenger service in 1902.

"Three locomotives were imported from England in 1829, and the first trial in America took place Aug. 8, 1829, at Honesdale, Pa. The first railway constructed to be worked by locomotives was the South Carolina railroad (1826&ndash;1830), though trials of an experimental locomotive had been made before on the Baltimaore and Ohio railroad, which continued to be worked by horsepower till 1832. "&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

American Locomotive

"Three locomotives were imported from England in 1829, and the first trial in America took place Aug.…

"Three locomotives were imported from England in 1829, and the first trial in America took place Aug. 8, 1829, at Honesdale, Pa. The first railway constructed to be worked by locomotives was the South Carolina railroad (1826&ndash;1830), though trials of an experimental locomotive had been made before on the Baltimaore and Ohio railroad, which continued to be worked by horsepower till 1832. "&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Early Locomotive

"Three locomotives were imported from England in 1829, and the first trial in America took place Aug.…

"Catching the mail pouch from the crane."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Mail Pouch

"Catching the mail pouch from the crane."—E. Benjamin Andrews 1895

Man with cane running to catch train.

Man

Man with cane running to catch train.

An illustration of a man and a boy on a train.

Man & Child on Train

An illustration of a man and a boy on a train.

An illustration of a man boarding a tram.

Man Boarding Tram

An illustration of a man boarding a tram.

An illustration of a man purchasing a train ticket with a young boy standing next to him.

Man Purchasing Train Ticket

An illustration of a man purchasing a train ticket with a young boy standing next to him.

The Tunis monorail.

Tunis Monorail

The Tunis monorail.

"The Montreuil form of training. The principal feature is the suppression of the direct channel of the sap, and the substitution of for or more commonly two mother branches, so laid to the wall that the central angle contains about 90 degrees. The other branches are all treated as subordinate members. This form is open to the objection that, if the under branch should die, the upper one cannot be brought down into its place." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Montreuil Fan

"The Montreuil form of training. The principal feature is the suppression of the direct channel of the…

The Great Seal of the State of Nebraska, 1867. The seal shows a steamboat on the Missouri River, a train, a cabin, and a blacksmith. The banner holds the state motto, "Equality Before the Law."

Seal of Nebraska

The Great Seal of the State of Nebraska, 1867. The seal shows a steamboat on the Missouri River, a train,…

Passenger Depot of the Chicago and North-Western Railroad, corner of Wells and Kinzie streets.

Passenger Depot

Passenger Depot of the Chicago and North-Western Railroad, corner of Wells and Kinzie streets.

"The first passenger locomotive built in the United States. A year after the Enterprise sailed for India, the first railroad in the United States was opened in Massachusetts, from the Quincy quarries to tide water. It was only two miles long, and was used for hauling granite; the cars were drawn by horses. It was the first use of rails in America. In 1830 the first passenger railway in America was opened. It extended westward from Baltimore about fifteen miles, and now forms a part of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The cars were at first drawn by horses, but a locomotive was used the next year. Its first locomotive was built by Peter Cooper, who made later the generous and useful gift of the Cooper Union to the city of New York. Now began the construction of railroads in various directions; in the next twenty years nearly ten thousand miles of road were built. This mileage has constantly been increased, until in 1895 there were in operation in the United States nearly one hundred and eighty thousand miles of railway."—Scudder, 1897

Passenger Train

"The first passenger locomotive built in the United States. A year after the Enterprise sailed for India,…

An illustration of the seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson.

President Jackson Banner

An illustration of the seventh President of the United States, Andrew Jackson.

A metal rail with two heads.

Double Headed Rail

A metal rail with two heads.

"Trail between Peter Cooper's locomotive <em>Tom Thumb</em> and one of Stockton's and Stokes' horse cars."&mdash;E. Benjamin Andrews, 1895

Railroad Trail

"Trail between Peter Cooper's locomotive Tom Thumb and one of Stockton's and Stokes' horse…

Telegraph and Railroad

Railroad

Telegraph and Railroad

A railroad train of the twentieth century.

A Railroad Train

A railroad train of the twentieth century.

This railroad car is a vehicle that is used for the carrying of cargo or passengers. These cars can be coupled together into a train and hauled by a locomotive.

Union Park Railway Car on a Rail Transport System

This railroad car is a vehicle that is used for the carrying of cargo or passengers. These cars can…

"Two motors are usually employed on each [electric railway] car, and the connection between them and the rails is made through the car-wheels and axles, and between them and the line wire, by a wire connected with a wheel called the <em>trolley.,/i> which is carried at the end of a pole supported on the car roof...." -Atkinson 1903

Electric Railway

"Two motors are usually employed on each [electric railway] car, and the connection between them and…

"Industrial Railway. a, cast-iron plates bedded in concrete for boiler-room floor; b, section of boiler; c, cast-iron track; d, charging-car with outside-flange wheels." -Whitney, 1911

Industrial Railway

"Industrial Railway. a, cast-iron plates bedded in concrete for boiler-room floor; b, section of boiler;…

A suspension railway, Barmen, Germany.

Suspension Railway

A suspension railway, Barmen, Germany.

A rail ridgeway accross Mount Washington.

Ridgeway

A rail ridgeway accross Mount Washington.

"Built by Stephenson to compete in a trial of locomotive engines for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. The greatest speed it attained in the trial was 29 miles an hour, but some years later it ran at the rate of 53 miles an hour. The total weight of the engine and tender was only about 7 1/2 tons."

The Rocket

"Built by Stephenson to compete in a trial of locomotive engines for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway.…

"Railway Semaphore. a, lever, which operates both b, blade, and c, lantern." -Whitney, 1911

Railroad Semaphore

"Railway Semaphore. a, lever, which operates both b, blade, and c, lantern." -Whitney, 1911

"Mr. Seymour's form approaches more nearly to the French method than any other practised in England, but the direct channel of the sap is not suppressed. It will be seen that the bearing shoots are all on the upper side of the mother branches, and that these bearing shoots are wholly reproduced once a year." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Seymour's Fan

"Mr. Seymour's form approaches more nearly to the French method than any other practised in England,…

"An implement for clearing away snow from roads, railways, etc. a, body of plow; b, caboose for implements and workmen; c, movable wings for widening the cuttings; c1, doors which give access to leading truck for oiling, etc.; d, cupola; e, headlight; f, iron plates, scrapers, or shoes which remove snow from the outer margins of the track; f, adjustable aprons which clean out the snow from between the tracks flush with the wheel flanges; g, intermediate apron; h, draw-bar for hauling the plow when not in use; i, adjustable scraper for removing hard-packed snow or ice from the inner side of the rails." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Wing Snow Plow

"An implement for clearing away snow from roads, railways, etc. a, body of plow; b, caboose for implements…

An illustration of a supply train powered by oxen.

Supply Train

An illustration of a supply train powered by oxen.

The American Elevated Railroad System diagram.

American Elevated Railroad System

The American Elevated Railroad System diagram.

The Cook System single rail type.

Cook System

The Cook System single rail type.

The Cook System single rail type.

Cook System

The Cook System single rail type.

The Romanoff railway system, a single rail type.

Romanoff System

The Romanoff railway system, a single rail type.

Plan at Street Level. Union Terminal, Washington, D.C.

Union Terminal

Plan at Street Level. Union Terminal, Washington, D.C.

Cross Section of umbrella train shed, showing clearance lines, Union Terminal, Washington, D.C.

Union Terminal

Cross Section of umbrella train shed, showing clearance lines, Union Terminal, Washington, D.C.