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"Andirons were used for burning wood on an open hearth, and consisted of a horizontal bar raised on short supports, with an upright standard at one end." — Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Andiron

"Andirons were used for burning wood on an open hearth, and consisted of a horizontal bar raised on…

The chair of St. Peter was made out of wood with ivory reliefs illustrating the story of Hercules in Rome.

Chair of St. Peter Arm-Chair

The chair of St. Peter was made out of wood with ivory reliefs illustrating the story of Hercules in…

The English Arm-chair from the 16th century was made out of wood and upholstered.

English Arm-Chair

The English Arm-chair from the 16th century was made out of wood and upholstered.

The wood baluster is an Italian Renaissance design that is found as stalls in the St. Maria Novella church in Florence, Italy.

Wood Baluster

The wood baluster is an Italian Renaissance design that is found as stalls in the St. Maria Novella…

The outside covering of a tree; the rind.

Bark

The outside covering of a tree; the rind.

Used in most religions to collect money for the religious center or the poor. This alms basin is used in a church and is made out of wood.

Alms Basin

Used in most religions to collect money for the religious center or the poor. This alms basin is used…

Used in most religions to collect money for the religious center or the poor. This alms basin is used in a church and is made out of wood.

Alms Basin

Used in most religions to collect money for the religious center or the poor. This alms basin is used…

"Other species, which also bore into timber in their larva state, are well known by the name of <em>Death-watch - Anobium -</em> from their habit of knocking with their jaws against the wood-work upon which they are standing, this being the call of the insect to its mate." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Deathwatch Beetles

"Other species, which also bore into timber in their larva state, are well known by the name of Death-watch…

An illustration of two birds. On the left side is a European wood pigeon and on the right is a stock-dove.

Birds

An illustration of two birds. On the left side is a European wood pigeon and on the right is a stock-dove.

"Blacksmith's Tongs." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Blacksmith's Tongs

"Blacksmith's Tongs." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

A solid mass of wood, stone, etc. used in construction.

Block

A solid mass of wood, stone, etc. used in construction.

"Block shears act with additional leverage, and can consequently be used for rather thicker metal, the upper bow being replaced by a long straight handle, and the lower one by a stake which can by firmly fixed in a block of woood or otherwise." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Block Shears

"Block shears act with additional leverage, and can consequently be used for rather thicker metal, the…

"The bradawl is a boring tool adapted only for soft wood." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Bradawl

"The bradawl is a boring tool adapted only for soft wood." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Bragantia Blumei. 1. a section of its wood; 2. one of its flowers; 3. a seed; 4. the same divided perpendicularly; 5. anthers and stigma of Asarum." -Lindley, 1853

Bragantia

"Bragantia Blumei. 1. a section of its wood; 2. one of its flowers; 3. a seed; 4. the same divided perpendicularly;…

This cabinet is made out of wood and decorated in an enamel process, with electro-gilt metal moldings. It has a design of scrolls and doves.

Cabinet

This cabinet is made out of wood and decorated in an enamel process, with electro-gilt metal moldings.…

This large cabinet is engraved in ebony and pear tree wood. Its design is elaborate with carved figures at the top, on the panels and the base of the cabinet. It also has fruit and leaf designs throughout.

Large Cabinet

This large cabinet is engraved in ebony and pear tree wood. Its design is elaborate with carved figures…

"Transverse section of an open fibro-vascular bundle. c, cambium; cb, continuation of cambium between the fibro-vascular bundles; g, large pitted vessels; t, smaller pitted vessels and spiral vessels intermixed with wood-cells; y, inner phloem layers; bm bast fibers; m is the parenchyma of the pith; r, is the cortical parenchyma. Immediately external to the bark lies the bundle sheath of cells filled with starch." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Cambium

"Transverse section of an open fibro-vascular bundle. c, cambium; cb, continuation of cambium between…

One way to build a campfire.

Campfire

One way to build a campfire.

One way to build a campfire.

Campfire

One way to build a campfire.

One way to build a campfire.

Campfire

One way to build a campfire.

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

Campfire, Black and White

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

Campfire, Color

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

Campfire, Outline

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

Campfire, Silhouette

This sign is used to indicate that campfires are allowed nearby.

Also known as the wood-grouse, the capercaille averages about three feet in length and feeds on berries and tender leaves.

Capercaille

Also known as the wood-grouse, the capercaille averages about three feet in length and feeds on berries…

A carpenter measuring wood.

Carpenter

A carpenter measuring wood.

A cartoon of two wealthy men viewing a painting. One of the men, who has a wooden leg, is blowing smoke towards the painting.

Cartoon of Two Men Viewing Painting

A cartoon of two wealthy men viewing a painting. One of the men, who has a wooden leg, is blowing smoke…

The Flemish 17th century chair was made out of wood.

Flemish 17th Century chair

The Flemish 17th century chair was made out of wood.

The German 17th century chair had openings for the hand that were carved into the wooden back of the chair. This was done for convenience in moving the chair.

German 17th Century Chair

The German 17th century chair had openings for the hand that were carved into the wooden back of the…

The German 17th century chair had openings for the hand that were carved into the wooden back of the chair. This was done for convenience in moving the chair.

German 17th Century Chair

The German 17th century chair had openings for the hand that were carved into the wooden back of the…

The German 17th century chair had openings for the hand that were carved into the wooden back of the chair. This was done for convenience in moving the chair.

German 17th Century Chair

The German 17th century chair had openings for the hand that were carved into the wooden back of the…

The German Renascence chair was made out of wood.

German Renascence chair

The German Renascence chair was made out of wood.

The Italian 16th century chair was made out of wood and supported by perforated carved boards.

Italian 16th Century Chair

The Italian 16th century chair was made out of wood and supported by perforated carved boards.

The chlorination process in gold extraction employs large vats or revolving barrels, the material inside of which is moistened with water and treated with chlorine gas to form a solution of Gold Chloride. This is then run off, and the gold precipitated , usually by means of Ferrous Sulphate or charcoal.

Chlorination Barrel

The chlorination process in gold extraction employs large vats or revolving barrels, the material inside…

The chlorination process in gold extraction employs large vats or revolving barrels, the material inside of which is moistened with water and treated with chlorine gas to form a solution of Gold Chloride. This is then run off, and the gold precipitated, usually by means of Ferrous Sulphate or charcoal.

Chlorination Barrel (End Section)

The chlorination process in gold extraction employs large vats or revolving barrels, the material inside…

"Christ Bearing the Cross. By Albrecht D&uuml;rer. From the wood engraving in 'The Great Passion.'" -Heath, 1901

Christ Bearing the Cross

"Christ Bearing the Cross. By Albrecht Dürer. From the wood engraving in 'The Great Passion.'"…

"Christ Taking Leave of His Mother. By Albrecht D&uuml;rer. From the wood engraving in 'The Life of the Virgin.'" -Heath, 1901

Christ Taking Leave of His Mother

"Christ Taking Leave of His Mother. By Albrecht Dürer. From the wood engraving in 'The Life of…

The marble mosaic circle pattern is inlaid pieces of stone, wood, glass, leather or straw to make a picture or pattern. This design is found in the San Vitale church in Ravenna, Italy.

Marble Mosaic Circle Pattern

The marble mosaic circle pattern is inlaid pieces of stone, wood, glass, leather or straw to make a…

With the plane, one can make rough wood true, smooth and beautiful. The name plane, perhaps, comes from the work it does, for it is used to smooth or reduce wood to a true plane.

Circular Plane

With the plane, one can make rough wood true, smooth and beautiful. The name plane, perhaps, comes from…

"Cross-section of bowling bed showing steel clamp." -Hill, 1921

Steel Clamp

"Cross-section of bowling bed showing steel clamp." -Hill, 1921

In Joinery, a common dovetail joint is the most efficient for joining two boards that meet at a right angle. The edges of each board are cut into a series of alternate projections and indentations, which fit into each other, and which by the bevel of their sides prevent the boards from drawing apart.

Common Dovetail Joint

In Joinery, a common dovetail joint is the most efficient for joining two boards that meet at a right…

"A pile of wood 1 ft. long, 4 ft. wide, and 4 ft. high, or 1/8 of a cord, is called a cord foot. Find the number of cords of wood in a pile of 25ft. long, 4 ft. wide, and 6 ft high. (Solution: 4 and 11/16)" -Moore, 1907

Cord Foot of Wood

"A pile of wood 1 ft. long, 4 ft. wide, and 4 ft. high, or 1/8 of a cord, is called a cord foot. Find…

With the plane, one can make rough wood true, smooth and beautiful. The name plane, perhaps, comes from the work it does, for it is used to smooth or reduce wood to a true plane.

Core Box Plane

With the plane, one can make rough wood true, smooth and beautiful. The name plane, perhaps, comes from…

Also known as Leitneria floridana. A shrub native to the southeastern United States.

Branch of Corkwood

Also known as Leitneria floridana. A shrub native to the southeastern United States.

"Crown-grafting is preferable to cleft-grafting, inasmuch as it leaves no open spaces in the wood. The stock b is cut off horizontally or nearly so, and a slit is then cut in the bark f, f, a wedge-shaped piece of ivory being inserted to raise the bark; the scion is then cut to the same wedge-shaped form g, h, and inserted in the space opened for it between the albumen and the bark, after which it is tied down and clayed over in the manner already described." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Crown-Grafting

"Crown-grafting is preferable to cleft-grafting, inasmuch as it leaves no open spaces in the wood. The…

A common type of stair.

Cut String Stairs

A common type of stair.

"Cutting pliers and cutting nippers have a pair of knife edges so arranged as to work exactly opposite to one another, the handles, on being tightly grasped, affording sufficient leverage for these edges to be forced to a short distance into the two opposite sides of a nail or wire, which, if of small diameter or of soft metal, can thus be cut asunder." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Cutting Pliers

"Cutting pliers and cutting nippers have a pair of knife edges so arranged as to work exactly opposite…

"Place a known weight (say 100 g.) in the scale-pan, and to this weight add the weight of the clevis and the scale-pan, and call the sum the load. Measure the deflection of W caused by the load. Double the load, and measure the deflection thus caused." -Avery 1895

Deflection of Wood Using Known Weights

"Place a known weight (say 100 g.) in the scale-pan, and to this weight add the weight of the clevis…

A group of summer ducks (also known as wood ducks) nesting in a tree.

Summer Ducks

A group of summer ducks (also known as wood ducks) nesting in a tree.

"A wood remarkable for its hardness, heaviness, and deep black color, is the heart-wood of different species of Diospyros, of the natural order Ebenaceae, the same genus which produces the Date Plum, Kaki, and other fruits." &mdash; Chambers' Encyclopedia, 1875

Ebony

"A wood remarkable for its hardness, heaviness, and deep black color, is the heart-wood of different…

"A copper wire coiled, by winding it around a piece of wood. The turns of the wire should be close together for actual experiment, they being parted in the figure to show the place of the iron to be magnetized. The best method is, to place the coiled wire, which is called the electrical helix, in a glass tube, the two ends of the wire, of course, projecting. Then placing the body to be magnetized within the folds, send the galvanic influence through the whole by placing the poles of the battery in the cups." &mdash;Comstock, 1850

Electrical Helix

"A copper wire coiled, by winding it around a piece of wood. The turns of the wire should be close together…

"Then the fire of Jehovah fell, and consumed the burnt-offering, and the wood, and the stones, and the dust, and licked up the water that was in the trench. And when all the people saw it, they fell on their faces: and they said, Jehovah, he is God; Jehovah, he is God." I Kings 18:38-39 ASV <p>Illustration of Elijah kneeling before the altar, surrounded by a trench as the people kneel and praise God. The altar has a bull on top of it and it is on fire. Flames shoot down from heaven.

Elijah Praying to God to Set Fire to His Altar in Front of the Prophets of Baal

"Then the fire of Jehovah fell, and consumed the burnt-offering, and the wood, and the stones, and the…

"The wood used for engraving is boxwood, nearly all of which is imported from Turkey." —The Popular Cyclopedia, 1888

Wood Engraving

"The wood used for engraving is boxwood, nearly all of which is imported from Turkey." —The Popular…

"A bundle of rods or small sticks of wood bound at both ends and in the middle, used in fortification, raising batteries, filling ditches, strengthening ramparts, and making parapets." -Whitney, 1911

Fascine

"A bundle of rods or small sticks of wood bound at both ends and in the middle, used in fortification,…

An illustration of a small fire and smoke.

Small Fire and Smoke

An illustration of a small fire and smoke.

A bundle of firewood used for making a fire.

Firewood

A bundle of firewood used for making a fire.

A woodworking tool used to cut, flatten, and smooth areas of wood by abrasion.

Wooden Float

A woodworking tool used to cut, flatten, and smooth areas of wood by abrasion.

"The section of the flume is usually rectangular, but it may be of a V shape, and occasionally, as in California, it is semicircular, this latter form requiring least lumber, but necessitating the use of iron bands or brackets."&mdash;Government Printing Office, 1897

Combined Wood and Iron Flume

"The section of the flume is usually rectangular, but it may be of a V shape, and occasionally, as in…

The French Renaissance Folding-Chair is made of wood and is constructed not to fold at all. The seat is made of bands, either textile or leather and is not flexible, it is built to be moveable by means of hinges.

French Renaissance Folding-Chair

The French Renaissance Folding-Chair is made of wood and is constructed not to fold at all. The seat…

Framed and braced doors consist of of a frame of strengthened by a middle horizontal piece, or 'rail', and by diagonal braces, and filled up with narrow vertical boarding.

Framed and Braced Door

Framed and braced doors consist of of a frame of strengthened by a middle horizontal piece, or 'rail',…