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Used to stop a unit (formation) from marching by calling it ether on the right or left foot.

Halt

Used to stop a unit (formation) from marching by calling it ether on the right or left foot.

Command used to instruct soldiers to lie flat on the ground.

Lie Down

Command used to instruct soldiers to lie flat on the ground.

Marching at twice the cadence of "Forward March;" 100 to 180 steps per min. something of a light jog. The unit is still required to keep in step.

Double Time

Marching at twice the cadence of "Forward March;" 100 to 180 steps per min. something of a light jog.…

This is the command used to instruct the unit to change direction.

Change Direction

This is the command used to instruct the unit to change direction.

Order to break rank and spread out as skirmishers on the battlefield.

As Skirmishers

Order to break rank and spread out as skirmishers on the battlefield.

Order given to stop hostilities on the battlefield. Soldiers stop shooting their weapons when this signal is given.

Cease Firing

Order given to stop hostilities on the battlefield. Soldiers stop shooting their weapons when this signal…

Order to break rank and spread out as skirmishers on the battlefield.

As Skirmishers Right

Order to break rank and spread out as skirmishers on the battlefield.

Order given to assemble the troops.

Assemble

Order given to assemble the troops.

The distance to a target, or to the subject of discussion. Reach of a detector or weapon.

Range

The distance to a target, or to the subject of discussion. Reach of a detector or weapon.

Command given to order troops to select a new target.

New Target

Command given to order troops to select a new target.

Command given to order troops to prepare for battle.

Ready

Command given to order troops to prepare for battle.

Command signal used to order troops to begin firing their weapons.

Commence Firing

Command signal used to order troops to begin firing their weapons.

Houdon's portrait sculpture of Washington was the result of a specific invitation by Benjamin Franklin to cross the Atlantic specifically to visit Mount Vernon, so that Washington could model for him. Washington sat for wet clay life models and a plaster life mask in 1785.

Houdon's Mask of Washington

Houdon's portrait sculpture of Washington was the result of a specific invitation by Benjamin Franklin…

Order give to soldiers instructing them to attach their bayonets to the end of their rifles.

Fix Bayonet

Order give to soldiers instructing them to attach their bayonets to the end of their rifles.

Order given to troops instructing them to stop firing. Weapons are held, locked and loaded so that they may resume fire at an instant.

Suspend Firing

Order given to troops instructing them to stop firing. Weapons are held, locked and loaded so that they…

Signal to inform the troops that the next signal will be directed at a certain 'section' rather than everyone.

Section

Signal to inform the troops that the next signal will be directed at a certain 'section' rather than…

Signal to inform the troops that the next signal will be directed at a certain 'squad' rather than everyone.

Squad

Signal to inform the troops that the next signal will be directed at a certain 'squad' rather than everyone.

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni[1] (March 6, 1475 – February 18, 1564), commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet and engineer. Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the disciplines he took up was of such a high order that he is often considered a contender for the title of the archetypal Renaissance man, along with his rival and fellow Italian Leonardo da Vinci.

Michelangelo

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni[1] (March 6, 1475 – February 18, 1564), commonly known…

An illustration of a horse-drawn street car. The first passenger services in the world were started by the Oystermouth Railway in Wales, using specially designed carriages on an existing tram line built for horse-drawn freight dandies. Fare-paying passengers were carried on a line between Oystermouth, Mumbles and Swansea docks from 1807. Other forms of public transit developed out of the early omnibus that first ran on public streets in the 1820s. These were local versions of the stagecoach lines, and picked up and dropped off passengers on a regular route, without the need to be pre-hired. Horsecars on tram lines were an improvement over the omnibus as the low rolling resistance of metal wheels on iron or steel rails, (usually grooved from 1852 on), allowed the animals to haul a greater load for a given effort than the omnibus. The horse-drawn streetcar combined the low cost, flexibility, and safety of animal power with the efficiency, smoothness, and all-weather capability of a rail right-of-way.

Street Car

An illustration of a horse-drawn street car. The first passenger services in the world were started…

Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of the world. There are seven different genera in the family classified as rabbits.

Rabbits

Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha, found in several parts of…

An illustration of a crowded promenade. An esplanade is a long, open, level area, usually next to a river or large body of water, where people may walk. This allows people to promenade along the sea front, usually for recreational purposes, whatever the state of the tide, without having to walk on the beach. Esplanades became popular in Victorian times when it was fashionable to visit seaside resorts. The original meaning of esplanade was a large, open, level area outside fortress or city walls. Esplanade and promenade are sometimes used interchangeably, but that is a mistake. A promenade can be anywhere, and it is exclusively for walking, while an esplanade is for walking but also can include large boulevards or avenues with cars.

Promenade

An illustration of a crowded promenade. An esplanade is a long, open, level area, usually next to a…

An illustration of a waiter taking an order from a customer looking at a menu.

Waiter and Customer

An illustration of a waiter taking an order from a customer looking at a menu.

John Paul Jones being invested with the Order of Military Merit.

Jones Invested with the Order of Military Merit

John Paul Jones being invested with the Order of Military Merit.

Grouse are a group of birds from the order Galliformes. Often considered a family Tetraonidae, the American Ornithologists' Union and many others include grouse as a subfamily Tetraoninae in the family Phasianidae. Grouse inhabit temperate and subarctic regions of the northern hemisphere, from pine forests to moorland and mountainside. Most species are year-round residents, and do not migrate. These birds feed mainly on vegetation, but also on insects, especially when feeding young. Several of the forest-living species are notable for eating large quantities of conifer needles, which most other vertebrates refuse

Young Grouse

Grouse are a group of birds from the order Galliformes. Often considered a family Tetraonidae, the American…

A naval officer who gained a national reputation for his conduct during the Boxer Rebellion in China in 1900, Louis Kempff became Commander-in-Chief of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

Louis Kempff

A naval officer who gained a national reputation for his conduct during the Boxer Rebellion in China…

Tortricidae is a family of moths in the order Lepidoptera. They are commonly known as tortrix moths. It is a large family with over 6,300 species described, and is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea. Many of these are economically important pests. Olethreutidae is a junior synonym. The typical resting posture is with the wings folded back producing a rather rounded profile.

Tortricidae

Tortricidae is a family of moths in the order Lepidoptera. They are commonly known as tortrix moths.…

The Fall Army Worm (Spodoptera frugipeda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and are the caterpillar life stage of a moth. They are native to tropical regions of the western hemisphere, from the United States to Argentina. They are regarded as pests and are known to wreak havoc with crops if left to multiply. Their name is derived from their feeding habits. The army worms are some of the most destructive pests to agricultural crop in the world. Once the food supply is exhausted the entire "army" of worms will move to the next available food source.

Army Worm

The Fall Army Worm (Spodoptera frugipeda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and are the caterpillar…

Myrica is a genus of about 35-50 species of small trees and shrubs in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales. The genus has a wide distribution, including Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America, and missing only from Australasia. Some botanists split the genus into two genera on the basis of the catkin and fruit structure, restricting Myrica to a few species, and treating the others in Morella.

Myrica

Myrica is a genus of about 35-50 species of small trees and shrubs in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales.…

The Maria Pia bridge (Ponte Maria Pia) is a railway bridge built in 1877 by Gustave Eiffel in Porto, Portugal. Built of wrought iron, its two-hinged crescent arch carries the railway line to Lisbon for 353m across the River Douro at a height of 60m. Eiffel's design was the least expensive of eight entries into an 1875 competition, being 31% less than the next lowest priced. The bridge was built to avoid a 12 km detour, and started on 5 January 1876 and completed on 4 November 1877. At that time its span of 160m was the longest arch bridge in the world, the previous record holder, at 156m, being the Eads Bridge over the Mississippi at St Louis. The bridge was opened by the king of Portugal and named after his queen Maria Pia.

Maria Pia Bridge

The Maria Pia bridge (Ponte Maria Pia) is a railway bridge built in 1877 by Gustave Eiffel in Porto,…

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. Coca should not be confused with the similarly named South American cocoa bean from which chocolate is made. The plant resembles a blackthorn bush, and grows to a height of 2–3 m (7–10 ft). The branches are straight, and the leaves, which have a green tint, are thin, opaque, oval, and taper at the extremities. A marked characteristic of the leaf is an areolated portion bounded by two longitudinal curved lines, one line on each side of the midrib, and more conspicuous on the under face of the leaf. The flowers are small, and disposed in little clusters on short stalks; the corolla is composed of five yellowish-white petals, the anthers are heart-shaped, and the pistil consists of three carpels united to form a three-chambered ovary. The flowers mature into red berries.

Coca Flower

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays…

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays a significant role in traditional Andean culture. Coca leaves contain cocaine alkaloids, a basis for the drug cocaine, which is a powerful stimulant. The flowers mature into red berries.

Coca Fruit

Coca is a plant in the family Erythroxylaceae, native to north-western South America. The plant plays…

An illustration of a full grown cockchafer larva. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy witch, or spang beetle, particularly in East Anglia) is a European beetle of the genus Melolontha, in the family Scarabaeidae. Once abundant throughout Europe and a major pest in the periodical years of "mass flight", it had been nearly iradicated in the middle of the 20th century through extensive use of pesticides and has even been locally exterminated in many regions. However, since a change in pest control beginning in the 1980s, its numbers have started to grow again. As they don't tolerate pollution well, their presence is usually a marker of low pollution levels.

Cockchafer Larva

An illustration of a full grown cockchafer larva. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy…

An illustration of a cockchafer pupa. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy witch, or spang beetle, particularly in East Anglia) is a European beetle of the genus Melolontha, in the family Scarabaeidae. Once abundant throughout Europe and a major pest in the periodical years of "mass flight", it had been nearly iradicated in the middle of the 20th century through extensive use of pesticides and has even been locally exterminated in many regions. However, since a change in pest control beginning in the 1980s, its numbers have started to grow again. As they don't tolerate pollution well, their presence is usually a marker of low pollution levels.

Cockchafer Pupa

An illustration of a cockchafer pupa. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy witch, or spang…

An illustration of a cockchafer. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy witch, or spang beetle, particularly in East Anglia) is a European beetle of the genus Melolontha, in the family Scarabaeidae. Once abundant throughout Europe and a major pest in the periodical years of "mass flight", it had been nearly iradicated in the middle of the 20th century through extensive use of pesticides and has even been locally exterminated in many regions. However, since a change in pest control beginning in the 1980s, its numbers have started to grow again. As they don't tolerate pollution well, their presence is usually a marker of low pollution levels.

Cockchafer

An illustration of a cockchafer. The cockchafer (colloquially called may bug, billy witch, or spang…

An illustration of a male (right) and female (left) cockroach. Cockroaches (or simply "roaches") are insects of the order Blattaria. This name derives from the Latin word for "cockroach", blatta. There are about 4,000 species of cockroach of which 30 species are associated with human habitations and about four species are well known as pests.

Cockroach

An illustration of a male (right) and female (left) cockroach. Cockroaches (or simply "roaches") are…

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. There are representatives of this group on all the continents except Antarctica and South America. Most species of cranes are at least threatened, if not critically endangered, within their range. The plight of the Whooping Cranes of North America inspired some of the first US legislation to protect endangered species.

Crane

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds of the order Gruiformes, and family Gruidae. Unlike…

An illustration of a dragon fly (right) and a nymph (left). A dragonfly is a type of insect belonging to the order Odonata, the suborder Epiprocta or, in the strict sense, the infraorder Anisoptera. It is characterized by large multifaceted eyes, two pairs of strong transparent wings, and an elongated body. Dragonflies are similar to damselflies, but the adults can be differentiated by the fact that the wings of most dragonflies are held away from, and perpendicular to, the body when at rest. n biology, a nymph is the immature form of some insects, which undergoes incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetabolism) before reaching its adult stage; unlike a typical larva, a nymph's overall form already resembles that of the adult. In addition, while a nymph moults it never enters a pupal stage. Instead, the final moult results in an adult insect.

Dragon Fly and Nymph

An illustration of a dragon fly (right) and a nymph (left). A dragonfly is a type of insect belonging…

An illustration of an earwig larva. Earwigs is the common name given to the insect order Dermaptera characterized by membranous wings folded underneath short leathery forewings (hence the literal name of the order—"skin wings"). The abdomen extends well beyond the wings, and frequently, though not always, ends in a pair of forceps-like structures termed cerci. The order is relatively small among Insecta, with about 1,800 recorded species in 10 families. Earwigs are, however, quite common globally. There is no evidence that they transmit disease or otherwise harm humans or other animals, despite their nickname pincher bug.

Earwig Larva

An illustration of an earwig larva. Earwigs is the common name given to the insect order Dermaptera…

An illustration of an earwig pupa. Earwigs is the common name given to the insect order Dermaptera characterized by membranous wings folded underneath short leathery forewings (hence the literal name of the order—"skin wings"). The abdomen extends well beyond the wings, and frequently, though not always, ends in a pair of forceps-like structures termed cerci. The order is relatively small among Insecta, with about 1,800 recorded species in 10 families. Earwigs are, however, quite common globally. There is no evidence that they transmit disease or otherwise harm humans or other animals, despite their nickname pincher bug.

Earwig Pupa

An illustration of an earwig pupa. Earwigs is the common name given to the insect order Dermaptera characterized…

Earwigs is the common name given to the insect order Dermaptera characterized by membranous wings folded underneath short leathery forewings (hence the literal name of the order—"skin wings"). The abdomen extends well beyond the wings, and frequently, though not always, ends in a pair of forceps-like structures termed cerci. The order is relatively small among Insecta, with about 1,800 recorded species in 10 families. Earwigs are, however, quite common globally. There is no evidence that they transmit disease or otherwise harm humans or other animals, despite their nickname pincher bug.

Earwig

Earwigs is the common name given to the insect order Dermaptera characterized by membranous wings folded…

Joseph Webb House is a historic Georgian-style house in Wethersfield, Connecticut that was the site of a five day military conference during the American Revolutionary War. General George Washington came to Wethersfield in order to plan with Rochambeau, the French commander. These plans led to the Siege of Yorktown, the last major battle of the war. Washington, in his words, "lodged...at the house of Joseph Webb", on the May 17, 1781. This house is in the central part of Wethersfield, a few rods south of the Congregational Church.

The Webb House

Joseph Webb House is a historic Georgian-style house in Wethersfield, Connecticut that was the site…

Benning Wentworth (1696–October 14, 1770) was the colonial governor of New Hampshire from 1741 to 1766. Wentworth enriched himself by a clever scheme of selling land now in the state of Vermont to developers, in spite of jurisdictional claims for this region by the Colony of New York. Fort Wentworth built in 1755 at Northumberland, New Hampshire was built by his order and named after him.

Benning Wentworth

Benning Wentworth (1696–October 14, 1770) was the colonial governor of New Hampshire from 1741 to…

An entablature refers to the superstructure of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Entablatures are major elements of classical architecture, and are commonly divided into the architrave—the supporting member carried from column to column, pier or wall immediately above; the frieze—an unmolded strip that may or may not be ornamented; and the cornice, the projecting member below the pediment. The structure of the entablature varies with the three classical orders: Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. In each, the proportions of the subdivisions (architrave, frieze, cornice) are defined by the proportions of the column in the order. In Roman and Renaissance interpretations, it is usually around a fourth of the height of the column. Variants of entablature that do not fit these models are usually derived from them.

Entablanture

An entablature refers to the superstructure of moldings and bands which lie horizontally above columns,…

Moles are the majority of the members of the mammal family Talpidae in the order Soricomorpha. Although most moles burrow, some species are aquatic or semi-aquatic. Moles have cylindrical bodies covered in fur, with small or covered eyes; the ears are generally not visible. They eat small invertebrate animals living underground. Moles can be found almost anywhere in North America, Europe and Asia, although they are not found in Ireland.

Mole

Moles are the majority of the members of the mammal family Talpidae in the order Soricomorpha. Although…

Shrews are small, superficially mouse-like mammals of the family Soricidae. Although their external appearance is generally that of a long-nosed mouse, the shrews are not rodents and not closely related: the shrew family is part of the order Soricomorpha. Shrews have feet with five clawed toes, unlike rodents, which have four. Shrews are also not to be confused with either treeshrews or elephant shrews, which belong to different orders.

Shrew

Shrews are small, superficially mouse-like mammals of the family Soricidae. Although their external…

The grey wolf or gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf or simply wolf, is a mammal of the order Carnivora. The gray wolf is the largest wild member of the Canidae family and an ice age survivor originating during the Late Pleistocene around 300,000 years ago. DNA sequencing and genetic drift studies indicate that the gray wolf shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog, (Canis lupus familiaris) and might be its ancestor. A number of other gray wolf subspecies have been identified, though the actual number of subspecies is still open to discussion. Gray wolves are typically apex predators in the ecosystems they occupy. Gray wolves are highly adaptable and have thrived in temperate forests, deserts, mountains, tundra, taiga, grasslands, and even urban areas.

Wolf

The grey wolf or gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf or simply wolf, is a mammal…

Electric catfish is the common name for the catfish (order Siluriformes) family Malapteruridae. This family includes two genera, Malapterurus and Paradoxoglanis with 19 species. Several species of this family have the ability to produce an electric shock of up to 350 volts using electroplaques of an electric organ. Electric catfish are found in tropical Africa and the Nile River. Electric catfish are usually nocturnal and feed primarily on other fish, incapacitating their prey with electric discharges.

Electric Catfish

Electric catfish is the common name for the catfish (order Siluriformes) family Malapteruridae. This…

The brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, (sometimes called the eastern brook trout, Adirondack coaster lake trout) is a species of fish in the salmon family of order Salmoniformes. The brook trout is native to small streams, creeks, lakes, and spring ponds. Some brook trout are anadromous. It is native to a wide area of eastern North America but increasingly confined to higher elevations southward in the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia, Canada from the Hudson Bay basin east, the Great Lakes–Saint Lawrence system, and the upper Mississippi River drainage as far west as eastern Iowa.

Brook Trout

The brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, (sometimes called the eastern brook trout, Adirondack coaster…

Sheatfishes or freshwater catfishes are a family (Siluridae) of catfishes (order Siluriformes). There are about 100 living species of silurids.

Sheatfish

Sheatfishes or freshwater catfishes are a family (Siluridae) of catfishes (order Siluriformes). There…

Torpedo is a group of rays, commonly called electric rays or torpedoes. It is the only genus in the family Torpedinidae, in the order Torpediniformes. They are slow-moving bottom-dwellers capable of generating a electricity as a defense and feeding mechanism. There are 15-22 extant species.

Torpedo

Torpedo is a group of rays, commonly called electric rays or torpedoes. It is the only genus in the…

Anglerfish are the members of the order Lophiiformes. They are bony fish named for their characteristic mode of predation, wherein a fleshy growth from the fish's head (the esca) acts as a lure; this is considered analogous to angling. Some anglerfish are pelagic (live in the open water), others are benthic (bottom-dwelling). Some live in the deep sea (e.g. Ceratiidae) and others on the continental shelf (e.g. the frogfishes Antennariidae and the monkfish/goosefish Lophiidae). They occur worldwide. Pelagic forms are most laterally (sideways) compressed whereas the benthic forms are often extremely dorsoventrally compressed (depressed) often with large upward pointing mouths.

Anglerfish

Anglerfish are the members of the order Lophiiformes. They are bony fish named for their characteristic…

An illustration of a common flea. Once the flea reaches adulthood its primary goal is to find blood - adult fleas must feed on blood in order to reproduce. Adult fleas only have around a week to find food once they emerge, though they can survive two months to a year between meals. A flea population is unevenly distributed, with 50 percent eggs, 35 percent larvae, 10 percent pupae and 5 percent adults. Their total life cycle can take as little as two weeks, but may be lengthened to many months if conditions are unfavorable. Female fleas can lay 500 or more eggs over their life, allowing for phenomenal growth rates.

Flea

An illustration of a common flea. Once the flea reaches adulthood its primary goal is to find blood…

An illustration of the Order of the Garter Star. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry, or knighthood, originating in medieval England, and presently bestowed on recipients in any of the Commonwealth realms; it is the pinnacle of the honors system in the United Kingdom. Membership in the order is limited to the sovereign, the Prince of Wales, and no more than twenty-four members, or Companions; the order also comprises Supernumerary knights and ladies (e.g., members of the British Royal Family and foreign monarchs).

Order of the Garter Star

An illustration of the Order of the Garter Star. The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry,…

An illustration of the Order of the Garder's collar and George. The collar is an accessory worn around the neck, over the mantle. Like the mantle, it was introduced in the 15th and 16th centuries. Made of pure gold, it weighs 30 troy ounces (0.933 kg). The collar is composed of gold knots alternating with enamelled medallions showing a rose encircled by the Garter. During King Henry VII's reign, each garter surrounded two roses—one red and one white—but he changed the design such that each garter encircled only one red rose. The George, which is worn suspended from the collar, is a colorfully enameled three-dimensional figure of St George the Martyr on horseback slaying a dragon.

Order of the Garter's Collar and George

An illustration of the Order of the Garder's collar and George. The collar is an accessory worn around…

An illustration of the Order of the Garder's garter. The Garter is worn on ceremonial occasions around the left calf by knights and around the left arm by ladies, and is depicted on several insignia. The Garter is a buckled dark-blue (originally light-blue) velvet strap, and bears the motto in gold letters. The garters of Stranger Knights and Ladies were once set with several jewels.

Order of the Garter's Garter

An illustration of the Order of the Garder's garter. The Garter is worn on ceremonial occasions around…

An illustration of an Ichthyosaurus skull. Ichthyosaurus is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian - Sinemurian) of Europe (Belgium, England and Germany). It is among the best known ichthyosaur genera, with the Order Ichthyosauria being named after it. Ichthyosaurus was the first complete fossil to be discovered in the early 1800's by Mary Anning in England.

Ichthyosaurus Skull

An illustration of an Ichthyosaurus skull. Ichthyosaurus is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the…

An illustration of an Ichthyosaurus skeleton. Ichthyosaurus is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from the Early Jurassic (Hettangian - Sinemurian) of Europe (Belgium, England and Germany). It is among the best known ichthyosaur genera, with the Order Ichthyosauria being named after it. Ichthyosaurus was the first complete fossil to be discovered in the early 1800's by Mary Anning in England.

Archaeopteryx Skeleton

An illustration of an Ichthyosaurus skeleton. Ichthyosaurus is an extinct genus of ichthyosaur from…

Grasshoppers are insects of the suborder Caelifera in the order Orthoptera. To distinguish them from bush crickets or katydids, they are sometimes referred to as short-horned grasshoppers. Species that change color and behaviour at high population densities are called locusts.

Female Grasshopper

Grasshoppers are insects of the suborder Caelifera in the order Orthoptera. To distinguish them from…

A, crepidoma or stylobate; B, column; C, architrave; D, tænia; E, frieze; F, horizontal cornice; G, raking cornice; H, tympanum of pediment; K, metope. In this and other cuts of this order, only the upper and lower parts of the shaft are shown, the intervening and greater part of the shaft being omitted, to save space.

Greek Doric Order

A, crepidoma or stylobate; B, column; C, architrave; D, tænia; E, frieze; F, horizontal cornice;…

The Ionic order column originated in the mid-6th century BC in Ionia. The Ionic order column was being practiced in mainland Greece in the 5th century BC. The first of the great Ionic temples was the Temple of Hera on Samos, built about 570 BC–560 BC by the architect Rhoikos. It stood for only a decade before it was leveled by an earthquake. It was in the great sanctuary of the goddess: it could scarcely have been in a more prominent location for its brief lifetime. A longer-lasting 6th century Ionic temple was the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Greek Ionic Order

The Ionic order column originated in the mid-6th century BC in Ionia. The Ionic order column was being…