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An array of miscellaneous ancient armors. The image depicts (1) a cuirass, often referred to as a coat of mail, (2) a helmet, (3) the shield, and (4), the greaves.

Arms and Armor

An array of miscellaneous ancient armors. The image depicts (1) a cuirass, often referred to as a coat…

An array of weapons used in ancient times (some of which are still used today). Among these weapons are a shortbow, a longbow, a battle axe, several spears, an arrow, and several swords.

Arms and Armor: Weapons

An array of weapons used in ancient times (some of which are still used today). Among these weapons…

Woman carrying a goat-skin water bottle. Such bottles were made by stripping the skin off an animal, preparing it, and closing up the holes where the legs had been. The neck was left open for receiving and discharging the contents of the bottle.

Woman Carrying a Goat-Skin Water Bottle

Woman carrying a goat-skin water bottle. Such bottles were made by stripping the skin off an animal,…

A man carrying a goat-skin water bottle. Such bottles were made by stripping the skin off an animal, preparing it, and closing up the holes where the legs had been. The neck was left open for receiving and discharging the contents of the bottle.

Water Bottle

A man carrying a goat-skin water bottle. Such bottles were made by stripping the skin off an animal,…

A 'purse' seine is a form of fishing net that is paid out around a school of fish, like a cylinder with no top or bottom. When drawn in, the bottom closes, forming a bag from which the fish cannot escape. Figure 1 in this illustration shows the separate parts of the purse seine: A and J, arms of the net; B and I, wings; C, D, K, and L, border of stout twine; F, bailing piece (or bunt); E and G, sides; H, under. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the form a a purse seine spread in the water.

Purse-seine

A 'purse' seine is a form of fishing net that is paid out around a school of fish, like a cylinder with…

This illustration shows various types of gladiators, each type with with his specific weapons attributed to him. Gladiators were swordsmen whose profession was to fight for the public amusement. Gladiators are said to have been borrowed by Rome from the Etruscans. They were first exhibited in Rome in 246 BC, primarily at funerals, but afterwards at festivals, particularly those celebrated by the aediles and other magistrates. More than ten thousand were shown at Trajan's triumph over the Dacians. They were either free-born citizens, usually of a low class, who fought for hire, or captives, slaves, or malefactors, and were kept in schools, where they were carefully trained. Chief varieties were Andabatae, who wore helmets with no openings for the eyes, so that their blindfold movements provoked the spectators' mirth; Mirmillones, who used Gallic weapons, sword and shield; Retiarii, who carried a net and a three-pronged lance -- the net to entangle their opponents; and Thraces, who, like the Thracians, used a short sword and a round buckler. When a gladiator was severely wounded and defeated, the people cried out 'Habet' (He has it), and he lowered his arms; then, if the spectators wished his life to be spared, they turned their thumbs down; but it they desired his death, they turned them up. These combats were often attended by great cruelty and callousness on the part of the spectators; sometimes they were fights à outrance, none being spared alive. Discharged gladiators were presented with a rudis, or wooden sword, and hence were called rudiarii. Gladiatorial combats were disliked by the Greeks, and practically never took place in Greek cities.

Gladiators

This illustration shows various types of gladiators, each type with with his specific weapons attributed…

The Greyhound as a show dog is judged as follows: height and weight, ranging from 23 to 27 in. and from 40 to 70 lbs.; skull rather wide between the ears and flat on the top, with powerful, though not clumsy, jaws, and very strong teeth; eyes dark in color, and full of fire; ears rather small, and fine in texture; neck long and powerful (to enable it to reach the hare) yet graceful looking; chest of fair width, and very deep; body rather long, extremely powerful, especially at the loins, and slightly arched -- the back ribs being short, make the body appear tucked up; shoulders sloping; fore legs set in well under the dog, straight and powerful, with round, compact feet, the knuckles of the toes being well developed; hind quarters very powerful, with muscular thighs and well-bent stifles; tail long, and carried low; colors black, red, fawn, brindled, blue, white, either whole-colored or marked.

Greyhound

The Greyhound as a show dog is judged as follows: height and weight, ranging from 23 to 27 in. and from…

In heraldry, the griffin is a fabulous animal, with the head and forefeet of an eagle, and the body, hind legs, and tail of a lion. The head is represented with pricked ears, symbolical of its vigilance. In mythology, the griffin was a creature similar in form to the griffin of heraldry, which was supposed to find its especial function in watching over hidden treasure, especially in Scythia. It was dedicated to the sun-god Apollo, whose chariot appears in early art as drawn by griffins. It was a favorite ornamental 'theme' in ancient Babylonian and Persian art, and is also found in a similar way on art objects of the Phoenicians, the Mycenæan civilization, and the ancient Greeks. The Romans and art-workers of the renaissance used it as a purely decorative device.

Griffin

In heraldry, the griffin is a fabulous animal, with the head and forefeet of an eagle, and the body,…

The Jumping Mouse (Zapus hudsonius) is a N. American, jerboa-like mouse, with long hind legs, a very long tail, and five complete toes on the hind foot. It is warmly reddish above, white on the lower parts, and progresses, when alarmed, by a series of rapid leaps, each of several yards, when in haste. it dwells in open, grassy places, skulking about under the herbage and feeding mostly on grass seeds; there it places its nest (a hollow ball of grass) in some small hole or burrow, and spends the cold months in a long hibernation.

Jumping Mouse

The Jumping Mouse (Zapus hudsonius) is a N. American, jerboa-like mouse, with long hind legs, a very…

The Kittiwake gull (Rissa tridactyla) is a sea-gull characterized by the absence of the hind toe. It is resident on both sides of the N. Atlantic, and breeds in large colonies where sea-cliffs provide it with ledges of rock. It measures fifteen inches in length, and in summer is white below, with black tips to some of its wing primaries. The legs are black, a distinction from the related R. brevirostris of the N. Pacific, which has orange legs and feet.

Kittiwake Gull

The Kittiwake gull (Rissa tridactyla) is a sea-gull characterized by the absence of the hind toe. It…

This illustration shows the leg of a dog. This leg is digitigrade. Animals with digitigrade legs walk on their toes (digits). P. Pelvis, FE. Femur, TI. Tibia, FI. Fibula, TA. Tarsus, MT. Metatarsus, PH. Phalanges, OC. Os Calcis

Leg of Dog

This illustration shows the leg of a dog. This leg is digitigrade. Animals with digitigrade legs walk…

Arrangement of two-phase conductors on cross arms.

Conductors

Arrangement of two-phase conductors on cross arms.

Boiler house and generating station of the Remington Arms and Ammunition Company in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

Boiler House

Boiler house and generating station of the Remington Arms and Ammunition Company in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

Chough, a European crow with a glossy black color, with bill, legs and feet a bright cherry red.

Chough

Chough, a European crow with a glossy black color, with bill, legs and feet a bright cherry red.

A crest.

Crest

A crest.

An anchor which is an instrument used for retaining a ship in a particular spot. a, a, stock; b, shank; c, c, flukes; d, d, arms.

Anchor

An anchor which is an instrument used for retaining a ship in a particular spot. a, a, stock; b, shank;…

Coat of arms for the French Republic and Imperial Arms of France. France is the most western portion of Central Europe. It is bordered on the north by the English Channel and the south by Dover, which separates it from England, by Belgium.

Coat of Arms

Coat of arms for the French Republic and Imperial Arms of France. France is the most western portion…

John Hampton, a celebrated English patriot. PIctured are his coat of arms.

Hampton's Arms

John Hampton, a celebrated English patriot. PIctured are his coat of arms.

The anatomy of a horse. 1, ears; 2, forelock; 3, forehead; 4, eyes; 5, eye-pits; 6, nose; 7, nostril; 8, point of nose; 9, lips; 10, nether jaw; 11, cheek; 12, poll; 13, mane; 14, withers; 15, parotid glands; 16, throat; 17, neck; 18, jugular vein; 19, shoulder; 20, breast; 21, ribs; 22, back; 23, loins; 24, hip; 25, flank; 26, belly; 27, haunch; 28, thigh; 29, buttock; 30, stifle; 31, leg; 32, tail; 33, hock or hough; 34, cannon or shank bone; 35, arms; 36, knees; 37, passage for girth; 38, elbow; 39, shank; 40, bullet; 41, pasterns; 42, coronet; 43, foot; 44, hoof; 45, fetlock.

Horse

The anatomy of a horse. 1, ears; 2, forelock; 3, forehead; 4, eyes; 5, eye-pits; 6, nose; 7, nostril;…

An old woman appears to be praying for someone she holds in her arms. A crucifix hangs on the wall over the bed.

Woman Praying

An old woman appears to be praying for someone she holds in her arms. A crucifix hangs on the wall over…

A man preaching to a crowd in medieval times in front of a large cross.

Medieval Preacher

A man preaching to a crowd in medieval times in front of a large cross.

A girl holds the forelegs of a lamb as one might hold the legs of a pet dog up so it is standing on its two hind feet.

Girl with Lamb

A girl holds the forelegs of a lamb as one might hold the legs of a pet dog up so it is standing on…

"And behold, there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon; and this man was righteous and devout, looking for the consolation of Israel: and the Holy Spirit was upon him. And it had been revealed unto him by the Holy Spirit, that he should not see death, before he had seen the Lord's Christ. And he came in the Spirit into the temple: and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, that they might do concerning him after the custom of the law, then he received him into his arms, and blessed God, and said, Now lettest thou thy servant depart, Lord, According to thy word, in peace; For mine eyes have seen thy salvation, Which thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples; A light for revelation to the Gentiles, And the glory of thy people Israel. And his father and his mother were marvelling at the things which were spoken concerning him; and Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the falling and the rising of many in Israel; and for a sign which is spoken against; yea and a sword shall pierce through thine own soul; that thoughts out of many hearts may be revealed." Luke 2:25-25 ASV <p>Illustration depicts Simeon holding the infant Jesus. Joseph looks on while Mary holds two turtledoves.

Presentation of Jesus at the Temple - Encounter with Simeon

"And behold, there was a man in Jerusalem whose name was Simeon; and this man was righteous and devout,…

"And Tryphon made ready all his horsemen to come that night: but there fell a very great snow, and he came not into the country of Galaad. And when he approached to Bascama, he slew Jonathan and his sons there. And Tryphon returned, and went into his own country. And Simon sent, and took the bones of Jonathan his brother, and buried them in Modin, in the city of his fathers. And all Israel bewailed him with great lamentation: and they mourned for him many days. And Simon built over the sepulchre of his father and of his brethren, a building lofty to the sight, of polished stone behind and before: And he set up seven pyramids one against another for his father and his mother, and his four brethren: And round about these he set great pillars: and upon the pillars arms for a perpetual memory: and by the arms ships carved, which might be seen by all that sailed on the sea." 1 Maccabees 13:22-29 DRA <p>Procession carrying the remains of Jonathan into Modin.

Jonathan Mourned

"And Tryphon made ready all his horsemen to come that night: but there fell a very great snow, and he…

The pug is a breed of small, short-haired lap dogs, probably of Oriental origin, and introduced into Europe by way of Holland in the sixteenth century. The breed is characterized by the shortness of the face and uplifted form of nose. Only a fawn color, with blackish face, was known until about 1875, when a wholly black variety was introduced into the West from China. The pug is essentially a house dog, good-tempered and affectionate. Unless restrained, it becomes extremely fat. Its weight should not exceed fifteen pounds; its form should be compact and elegant, though robust, with straight legs, the face much wrinkled and forehead high, the coat smooth and silky, and the tail always tightly curled over the hip. The face and thin, small ears should be black, and in the fawn-colored breed a blackish line should run along the spine.

Pug Dog

The pug is a breed of small, short-haired lap dogs, probably of Oriental origin, and introduced into…

This is an illustration of The Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appears to the Blessed Virgin Mary to inform her of her impending pregnancy. Mary sits near a prayer book, her arms crossed, surrounded by flowers, as Gabriel approaches via a set of stairs. Two doves sit on the railing. The countryside is pictured in the background on the left side of the illustration.

The Annunciation: The Angel Gabriel Appears to the Virgin Mary

This is an illustration of The Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appears to the Blessed Virgin Mary…

"And Mary arose in these days and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Judah; and entered into the house of Zacharias and saluted Elisabeth." Luke 1:39-40 ASV <p>Illustration of Mary arriving at the home of her cousin, Elizabeth. Elizabeth kneels at Mary's feet. To the left, a man emerges from the home with arms open. To the right, a man waits outside the entrance to the courtyard.

The Visitation - Mary Arrives at Elizabeth's Home

"And Mary arose in these days and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Judah; and entered…

"...and Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the falling and the rising of many in Israel; and for a sign which is spoken against; yea and a sword shall pierce through thine own soul; that thoughts out of many hearts may be revealed." Luke 2:34-35 ASV <p>Illustration of Simeon prophesying as he holds the baby Jesus in his arms in the temple. Mary reaches out to cradle Jesus in her arms as Joseph stands by, holding a basket. A woman kneels behind Simeon. A priest stands in the background. The scene takes place during the presentation of Jesus at the temple.

The Prophecy of Simeon at the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple

"...and Simeon blessed them, and said unto Mary his mother, Behold, this child is set for the falling…

"And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in the Jordan. And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens rent asunder, and the Spirit as a dove descending upon him: And a voice came out of the heavens, Thou art my beloved Son, in thee I am well pleased." Mark 1:9-11 ASV <p>Illustration of Jesus being baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. Jesus stands, shin-deep in the river water, arms crossed on his chest and head bowed. John stands on the river bank with a staff in his left hand. With his right hand, he pours a bowl of water on Jesus head. A dove emerges from the parted clouds overhead.

The Baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist in the Jordan River

"And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John…

As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said, "This is a remote place, and it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food,"</P> <p>Jesus replied, "They do not need to go away. You give them something to eat."</p> <p>"We have here only five loaves of bread and two fish," they answered.</p> <p>"Bring them here to me," he said. And he directed the people to sit down on the grass. Taking the five loaves and the two fish and looking up to heaven, he gave thanks and broke the loaves. Then he gave them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the people. They all ate and were satisfied, and the disciples picked up twelve basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over. —Matthew 14:15-20, NIV</p> <p>Illustration of Jesus feeding a crowd of 5,000 people by multiplying five loaves of bread and two fish. He sits on a rock with both arms outstretched. Two fish are on the ground in front of him and a young man kneels with a basket of bread. Three disciples stand around him. A crowd can be seen immediately behind him and in the distant background.

Jesus Feeds the Five Thousand with Five Loaves of Bread and Two Fish

As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said, "This is a remote place, and it's already…

A collection of weapons used by the Germanic tribe called the Franks. These are all of their most typically used weapons: a shield, a spear or Germanic spear, a Frankish spear or angon (this is similar to a short javelin), a sword, a knife, and a short axe for battling in close quarters. All of the weapons are standing vertically, except for the short axe, which lies horizontally, underneath the shield. The shield appears to be three-tiered.

Frankish Weapons, Including a Shield, Germanic Spear, Angon, Sword, Knife, and Short Axe

A collection of weapons used by the Germanic tribe called the Franks. These are all of their most typically…

Illustration of a drawing in <I>The Harley Psalter</I>, an illuminated manuscript of the second and third decades of the 11th century. Two Anglo-Saxon warriors ride horseback wielding an axe and long spear or javelin. Both horses are rearing up, their front legs off the ground. Both weapons are raised. The warrior in front has dark hair while the hair of the one behind appears to be lighter-colored.

Two Anglo-Saxon Warriors on Horseback

Illustration of a drawing in The Harley Psalter, an illuminated manuscript of the second and third decades…

A woman stands in several layers of clothing. The dress usually included a cloak, an overdress, an under-dress, and head-covering. Her arms are bent at the elbow and her hands are raised.

Anglo-Saxon Female Costume from 10th Century England

A woman stands in several layers of clothing. The dress usually included a cloak, an overdress, an under-dress,…

An illustration of the coat of arms of the Holy See with a crosier, processional cross, and some decorative foliage in the background.The coat of arms includes the crossed Keys of Heaven underneath the papal tiara.

The Holy See Coat of Arms with Crosier, Processional Cross, and Decorative Foliage

An illustration of the coat of arms of the Holy See with a crosier, processional cross, and some decorative…

"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Genesis 1:1 ASV <p>Illustration of God sitting on a cloud with his arms outstretched as he creates the earth. He has a triangular halo behind his head. Adam and Eve (left) stand partially hidden by plants and Adam reaches out to the animals, including an elephant, turtle, snake, rooster, lion, rabbit, horse, peacock, tropical bird, sheep, duck, elk, and goat.

The Creation of the World - Adam and Eve, Animals, Plants,

"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Genesis 1:1 ASV Illustration of God sitting…

"And he dreamed. And behold, a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven. And behold, the angels of God ascending and descending on it." Genesis 28:12 ASV <p> Illustration of Jacob sleeping, his upper body resting on a rock, and dreaming. His robe is wrapped around him and his left arm is resting on his abdomen. A ladder emerges from bright clouds in the center of the illustration. God is descending from the top of the ladder, his arms outstretched. Angels descend on one side and ascend on the other. There are six angels. Jacob's staff and satchel are on the ground next to him. Trees frame the image.

Jacob Sees God and Angels on a Ladder While He Dreams at Bethel

"And he dreamed. And behold, a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven. And…

"Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel." Exodus 17:6 ASV <p>Illustration of the Israelites collecting water from the stream that flows after Moses strikes a rock at God's command. Moses stands at the head of the stream with his left arm raised. The staff he holds in his right hand is touching the stream of water. Men, women, and children kneel at the stream and dip jars in the flow. Several women give water to a baby. A man drinks from a jar. Some men in the background look to Moses with arms raised in a gesture of worship. Mountains are pictured in the background.

Moses Strikes the Rock and Water Flows in the Desert

"Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou shalt smite the rock, and there…

"And Jehovah sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died. And the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, because we have spoken against Jehovah, and against thee; pray unto Jehovah, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people. And Jehovah said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a standard: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he seeth it, shall live." Numbers 21:6-8 ASV <p>Illustration of Moses holding up the bronze serpent on the staff and all of the Israelites looking upon it to be healed. Numerous people lie in various states of disease. Snakes are on the ground, coiled around arms, and biting people. Moses is pictured with horns made of rays of light. Tents and mountains can be seen in the background.

The Brazen Serpent and the Healing of the Israelites

"And Jehovah sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel…

"Then said Joab, I may not tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, and thrust them through the heart of Absalom, while he was yet alive in the midst of the oak. And ten young men that bare Joab's armor compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him." 2 Samuel 18:14-15 ASV <p>Illustration of Absalom hanging by his hair from an oak tree. His horse is rearing on its hind legs, preparing to run away. Joab, the general, holds two spears in one hand and prepares to stab Absalom with the third. Other members of Joab's troops have their swords raised, poised to strike.

Absalom is Killed by Joab While Hanging in a Tree

"Then said Joab, I may not tarry thus with thee. And he took three darts in his hand, and thrust them…

"And, behold, there was a man in Jerusalem, whose name was Simeon; and the same man was just and devout, waiting for the consolation of Israel: and the Holy Ghost was upon him. And it was revealed unto him by the Holy Ghost, that he should not see death, before he had seen the Lord's Christ. And he came by the Spirit into the temple: and when the parents brought in the child Jesus, to do for him after the custom of the law, Then took he him up in his arms, and blessed God, and said, Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word: For mine eyes have seen thy salvation, Which thou hast prepared before the face of all people; A light to lighten the Gentiles, and the glory of thy people Israel." Luke 2: 25-32 KJV <p>Illustration of Simeon holding Jesus in his arms and prophesying. Mary and Joseph stand next to him. Joseph is holding a cage with two turtle doves inside. A prophetess named Anna stands next to Simeon. A domed arch frames Simeon. Onlookers stand to either side.

Simeon Prophesies When Jesus is Presented at the Temple

"And, behold, there was a man in Jerusalem, whose name was Simeon; and the same man was just and devout,…

"...behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word: for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him. When he arose, he took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt: And was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my son." Matthew 2:13-15 <p>Illustration of Joseph leading a donkey that is carrying Mary as she holds baby Jesus in her arms. They are travelling on a road made of stone and Joseph is carrying a staff. The donkey is laden with a basket and small container. The city of Bethlehem is in the background. An angel came to Joseph while he was sleeping and told him to flee from Herod who had ordered all of the infants in the area be killed.

Joseph Leads Mary and Jesus on the Road to Egypt as They Flee from King Herod

"...behold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take the young…

"And seeing the multitudes, he went up into the mountain: and when he had sat down, his disciples came unto him: and he opened his mouth and taught them..." Matthew 5:1-2 ASV <p>Illustration of Jesus sitting on a mountainside in front of a multitude of people. His arms are raised as he preaches. A sheep is sleeping and a goat is feeding in the foreground. Jesus is teaching about the Beatitudes.

Jesus Teaches the Sermon on the Mount, the Beatitudes

"And seeing the multitudes, he went up into the mountain: and when he had sat down, his disciples came…

"And they were bringing unto him little children, that he should touch them: and the disciples rebuked them. But when Jesus saw it, he was moved with indignation, and said unto them, Suffer the little children to come unto me; forbid them not: for to such belongeth the kingdom of God." Mark 10:13-14 ASV <p>Illustration of Jesus, sitting on a rock, with a little child in his lap and several more clamoring to get to him. Several women usher the children to Jesus. They are carrying children in their arms. Three of Jesus' disciples watch from the side.

Jesus, a Friend to the Little Children

"And they were bringing unto him little children, that he should touch them: and the disciples rebuked…

"Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, faring sumptuously every day: and a certain beggar named Lazarus was laid at his gate, full of sores, and desiring to be fed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man's table; yea, even the dogs come and licked his sores." Luke 16:19-21 ASV <p>Illustration of the rich man, sumptuously clothed in robes and eating a feast with many guests. A harpist plays in the background. Men and women eat and drink. There are arched windows in the background and an arched entryway leading to stairs. On the stairs is Lazarus, a beggar. Dogs are licking at his sores and his arms are raised in a gesture of begging.

Lazarus, the Beggar, and the Rich Man

"Now there was a certain rich man, and he was clothed in purple and fine linen, faring sumptuously every…

"Then the high priest rent his garments, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy: what further need have we of witnesses? behold, now ye have heard the blasphemy: what think ye? They answered and said, He is worthy of death." Matthew 26:65-66 ASV <p>Illustration of Jesus standing in trial before the High Priest, Caiaphas, and the other priests in the temple. Caiaphas rents his robe and points at Jesus in accusation. A soldier kneels at Jesus' feet with the rope that binds Jesus' feet. The soldier looks up at Jesus with arms open.

Jesus Appears Before Caiaphas, the High Priest

"Then the high priest rent his garments, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy: what further need have we…

"But Peter said, Man, I know not what thou sayest. And immediately, while he yet spake, the cock crew. And the Lord turned, and looked upon Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how that he said unto him, Before the cock crow this day thou shalt deny me thrice." Luke 22:60-61 ASV <p>Illustration of Peter sitting in front of a fire with a woman and some soldiers. His arms are raised as he denies knowing Jesus. A rooster is standing in the window above them. On the right, Jesus is walking down stairs, hands bound, followed by soldiers in armor and with swords. Jesus looks at Peter in the courtyard.

Peter Denies Jesus Three Times Before the Rooster Crows

"But Peter said, Man, I know not what thou sayest. And immediately, while he yet spake, the cock crew.…

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven: and he fell upon the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?" Acts 9:3-4 ASV <p>Illustration of Saul fallen to the ground. A soldier is kneeling next to him, attempting to help him. Jesus' upper body emerges from a cloud, his arms raised and hands aimed at Saul. Rays of light descend from the cloud. A horse rears next to Saul and one of his companions attempts to control it. Several Christians are bound and being led by soldiers in the shadows of the background.

The Conversion of Paul - Saul Falls to the Ground

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round…

"And the jailor, being roused out of sleep and seeing the prison doors open, drew his sword and was about to kill himself, supposing that the prisoners had escaped. But Paul cried with a loud voice, saying, Do thyself no harm: for we are all here. And he called for lights and sprang in, and, trembling for fear, fell down before Paul and Silas, and brought them out and said, Sirs, what must I do to be saved?" Acts 16:27-30 ASV <p>Illustration of the jailer kneeling on one knee at Paul's feet in the jail. Paul stands above him with arms open and Silas is sitting on a bench leaning toward and reaching out for the jailer. A lamp is burning on the ground next to the jailer's sword. The door to the jail is in the corner.

Paul and Silas in Jail - the Jailer Kneels Before Paul

"And the jailor, being roused out of sleep and seeing the prison doors open, drew his sword and was…

Saint Paul and Saint Peter in prison, one seated, both bound in chains. One man has a book on his lap. Five prisoners come before the two apostles, kneeling or holding their arms out to them. A small fountain erupts from the floor when Peter prays. The prisoners are able to be baptized in the fountain.

Paul and Peter in Prison, Baptizing Other Prisoners

Saint Paul and Saint Peter in prison, one seated, both bound in chains. One man has a book on his lap.…

"In Greek mythology, one of two, or three, or an indeterminate number of sea-nymphs who by their singing fascinated those who sailed by their island, and destroyed them. In works of art they are represented as having the head, arms, and generally the bust of a young woman, the wings and lower part of the body, or sometimes only the feet, of a bird." &mdash;Whitney, 1889. <p>This illustration is of two of the sirens depicted on a funeral marble in Chios. The top siren appears to be dancing. The one on the bottom is playing an instrument.

Sirens on a Greek Funeral Marble

"In Greek mythology, one of two, or three, or an indeterminate number of sea-nymphs who by their singing…

"The typical genus of <i>Sironidae</i>. Two species inhabit Europe, one the Philippines, and another (undescribed) is found in the United States. Also called <i>Cyphophthalmus</i>." &mdash; Whitney, 1889 <p>Illustration of a small insect with eight legs.

Siro Americanus

"The typical genus of Sironidae. Two species inhabit Europe, one the Philippines, and another (undescribed)…

<Sminthurus roseus</i>. "A family of collembolous insects, typified by the genus <i>Sminthurus</i>, having a globular body, four-jointed antennae with a long terminal joint, saltatory appendage composed of a basal part and two arms, and tracheae well developed. They are found commonly among grass and fungi; many species have been described." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>These animals are no longer considered insects. This illustration shows a tiny creature with six legs, two appendages at the back, and two antennae.

Springtail - View from Top

"To measure the depth of; fathom; try or test, as the depth of water and the quality of the ground, by sinking a plummet or lead attached to a line on which is marked the number of fathoms...a and b, arms pivoted to c; d, lead, which is attached to a stem at the top of which is a crosspiece. When the arms are raised into the position shown in A, the crosspiece engages them and holds them in that position till the lead strikes the bottom; they are then released, and fall into the position show in B. The cups (shown in the cuts), on closing, scoop up a specimen of the bottom." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Taselli's Sounding Apparatus with Cups Opened and Closed

"To measure the depth of; fathom; try or test, as the depth of water and the quality of the ground,…

"A guinea coined by George III during the period 1787-99. It is now so called because the shield of arms on the reverse has the shape of the spade of playing cards." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>The obverse of the coin carries George III's profile.

Spade Guinea Coined by George III, Obverse

"A guinea coined by George III during the period 1787-99. It is now so called because the shield of…

"A guinea coined by George III during the period 1787-99. It is now so called because the shield of arms on the reverse has the shape of the spade of playing cards." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Spade Guinea Coined by George III, Reverse

"A guinea coined by George III during the period 1787-99. It is now so called because the shield of…

Illustration of a heraldic badge decorated with a hart, running. The hart is a common symbol in heraldry.

Hart at Speed on Heraldic Badge

Illustration of a heraldic badge decorated with a hart, running. The hart is a common symbol in heraldry.

"An instrument for measuring the radii of spheres; a sphere-measurer. It is of especial service to opticians in determining focal lengths, etc. of lenses. The common form consists of a vertical screwc, with a large graduated head a, a, turning in a socket supported by three legs whose hard steel points are exactly equidistant. The fixed scale b at the side, together with the graduated screwhead, makes it possible to measure with great accuracy the distance between the extremity of the screw and the plane passing through the ends of the three supports, when, for example, all the points are in contact with the surface of the sphere." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Spherometer

"An instrument for measuring the radii of spheres; a sphere-measurer. It is of especial service to opticians…

<i>Inachus dorsettensis</i>. "A spider-like crab, or sea-spider, with long slender legs and comparatively small triangular body. The name is given to many such crabs, of different families, but especially to the maioids, or crabs of the family <i>Maiidae</i>..." &mdash;Whitney, 1889 <p>Illustration of a male Scorpion Spider Crab.

Scorpion Spider Crab

Inachus dorsettensis. "A spider-like crab, or sea-spider, with long slender legs and comparatively small…

A border with various illustrations from the Passion of Christ, including carrying the cross, washing the disciples' feet, and being laid in a tomb. A man, presumably Luke, who is often portrayed holding a book, is standing on the left side of the border holding a quill and book. The Blessed Virgin Mary is standing on the right side of the border with her arms folded on her chest. This illustration appears at the beginning of the book of Acts in a Martin Luther translation of the New Testament.

Border Illustrating the Passion of Christ

A border with various illustrations from the Passion of Christ, including carrying the cross, washing…

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round about him a light out of heaven: and he fell upon the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?" Acts 9:3-4 ASV <p>Illustration of Saul falling off his horse as a bright light descends from heaven. The horse is rearing on its hind legs and Saul is throwing his hands up as he falls backwards. He is dressed in a soldier's uniform. Several other soldiers stand behind him. The road to Damascus can be seen stretching into the distance.

Saul's Conversion on the Road to Damascus

"And as he journeyed, it came to pass that he drew nigh unto Damascus: and suddenly there shone round…