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An illustration of an anamirta cocculus branch with flowers. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian climbing plant. Its fruit, Cocculus indicus, is the source of picrotoxin, a poisonous alkaloid with stimulant properties. The plant is large-stemmed (up to 10cm in diameter); the bark is "corky gray" with white wood. The "small, yellowish-white, sweet-scented" flowers vary between 6 to 10 centimeters across; the fruit produced is a drupe, "about 1 cm in diameter when dry".

Anamirta cocculus Flowers

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus branch with flowers. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian…

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus female flower. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian climbing plant. Its fruit, Cocculus indicus, is the source of picrotoxin, a poisonous alkaloid with stimulant properties. The plant is large-stemmed (up to 10cm in diameter); the bark is "corky gray" with white wood. The "small, yellowish-white, sweet-scented" flowers vary between 6 to 10 centimeters across; the fruit produced is a drupe, "about 1 cm in diameter when dry".

Anamirta cocculus Flower (Female)

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus female flower. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian…

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus fruit. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian climbing plant. Its fruit, Cocculus indicus, is the source of picrotoxin, a poisonous alkaloid with stimulant properties. The plant is large-stemmed (up to 10cm in diameter); the bark is "corky gray" with white wood. The "small, yellowish-white, sweet-scented" flowers vary between 6 to 10 centimeters across; the fruit produced is a drupe, "about 1 cm in diameter when dry".

Anamirta cocculus Flower (Female)

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus fruit. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian climbing…

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus male flower. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian climbing plant. Its fruit, Cocculus indicus, is the source of picrotoxin, a poisonous alkaloid with stimulant properties. The plant is large-stemmed (up to 10cm in diameter); the bark is "corky gray" with white wood. The "small, yellowish-white, sweet-scented" flowers vary between 6 to 10 centimeters across; the fruit produced is a drupe, "about 1 cm in diameter when dry".

Anamirta cocculus Flower (Male)

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus male flower. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian…

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus male flower with the sephals removed. Anamirta cocculus is an Southeast Asian and Indian climbing plant. Its fruit, Cocculus indicus, is the source of picrotoxin, a poisonous alkaloid with stimulant properties. The plant is large-stemmed (up to 10cm in diameter); the bark is "corky gray" with white wood. The "small, yellowish-white, sweet-scented" flowers vary between 6 to 10 centimeters across; the fruit produced is a drupe, "about 1 cm in diameter when dry".

Anamirta cocculus Fruit

An illustration of an anamirta cocculus male flower with the sephals removed. Anamirta cocculus is an…

An illustration of a cocoanut palm's spadix. In botany, a spadix (pl. spadices) is a type of spike: an inflorescence with small flowers crowded on a thickened, fleshy axis. The term is applied to certain monocotyledons, especially members of the Family Araceae called arums or aroids. In these flower heads there is typically also a spathe (from Ancient Greek spathe "broad blade") present: a large, usually showy and solitary, bract that either subtends (lies just below) or partially encloses the spadix. The "flower" of the anthurium is a typical spadix with a large colorful spathe.

Cocoanut Palm Spadix

An illustration of a cocoanut palm's spadix. In botany, a spadix (pl. spadices) is a type of spike:…

An illustration of a cocoanut palm's flower.

Cocoanut Palm Flower

An illustration of a cocoanut palm's flower.

"Scales from wing of butterfly (Vanessa antiopa), highly magnified. 1, from border of anterior wing, above." -Whitney, 1911

Butterfly Scale

"Scales from wing of butterfly (Vanessa antiopa), highly magnified. 1, from border of anterior wing,…

"Scales from wing of butterfly (Vanessa antiopa), highly magnified. 2, from border of anterior wing, below." -Whitney, 1911

Butterfly Scale

"Scales from wing of butterfly (Vanessa antiopa), highly magnified. 2, from border of anterior wing,…

The scammony (Convolvulus scammonia) is a flowering plant of the bindweed family. R, the root.

Scammony

The scammony (Convolvulus scammonia) is a flowering plant of the bindweed family. R, the root.

An illustration of a single dahlia flower. Dahlia is a genus of bushy, tuberous, perennial plants native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. There at least 36 species of Dahlia. Dahlia hybrids are commonly grown as garden plants. The Aztecs gathered and cultivated the dahlia for food, ceremony, as well as decorative purposes, and the long woody stem of one variety was used for small pipes

Dahlia

An illustration of a single dahlia flower. Dahlia is a genus of bushy, tuberous, perennial plants native…

An illustration of a double variety dahlia flower. Dahlia is a genus of bushy, tuberous, perennial plants native to Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. There at least 36 species of Dahlia. Dahlia hybrids are commonly grown as garden plants. The Aztecs gathered and cultivated the dahlia for food, ceremony, as well as decorative purposes, and the long woody stem of one variety was used for small pipes

Dahlia

An illustration of a double variety dahlia flower. Dahlia is a genus of bushy, tuberous, perennial plants…

"1. Flowering plant of Bulrush (Scirpus lacustris). 2. The inflorescence. a, a flower; b, the fruit." -Whitney, 1911

Bulrush

"1. Flowering plant of Bulrush (Scirpus lacustris). 2. The inflorescence. a, a flower; b, the fruit."…

The Common Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) is a flowering plant in the Boraginaceae family. Here showing its scorpioid inflorescence.

Common Comfrey

The Common Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) is a flowering plant in the Boraginaceae family. Here showing…

Inferior maxilla of a horse-anterolateral view. Labels: a, body; b, b', rami; c, neck; d, mental foramen; e, buccinator; e', masseter surface; f, f', inner surface of ramus; g, molor alveoli; g', anterior border; g', bar, bounding diastema; h, h', h', posterior border. The angle lies between h' and h'; i, condyles; km coronoid processes; l, maxillary space; m, inferior dental foramen; n, sigmoid notch.

Inferior Maxilla of a Horse

Inferior maxilla of a horse-anterolateral view. Labels: a, body; b, b', rami; c, neck; d, mental foramen;…

Left posterolateral view of a horse's pelvis. 1, anterior iliac spine; 2, Posterior iliac spine. The iliac crest is the border joining 1 and 2. 3, Iliac shaft. 4, The acetabulum, the large rough ridge above is the sciatic spine; 6, inferior ischiatic spine, posterior to which is the tuberosity.

Pelvis of a Horse

Left posterolateral view of a horse's pelvis. 1, anterior iliac spine; 2, Posterior iliac spine. The…

Right cardiac bone of an ox. Labels: a, anterior angle; b, posterior angles; c, superior border; d, anterior border; e, posterior border; f, right surface.

Cardiac Bone of an Ox

Right cardiac bone of an ox. Labels: a, anterior angle; b, posterior angles; c, superior border; d,…

The hop (Humulus) is a small genus of flowering plants, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The female flowers, commonly called hops, are used as flavoring and stabilizers during beer brewing. The hop is part of the family Cannabaceae, which also includes the genus cannabis (also known as hemp). Hops are the female flower cones of the hop plant (Humulus lupulus). They are used primarily as a flavoring and stability agent in beer, and also in other beverages and in herbal medicine. The first documented use in beer is from the eleventh century. Hops contain several characteristics favorable to beer, balancing the sweetness of the malt with bitterness, contributing flowery, citrus, fruity or herbal aromas, and having an antibiotic effect that favors the activity of brewer's yeast over less desirable microorganisms. The hop plant is a vigorous climbing herbaceous perennial, usually grown up strings in a field called a hopfield, hop garden or hop yard. Many different varieties of hops are grown by farmers all around the world, with different types being used for particular styles of beer.

Hops

The hop (Humulus) is a small genus of flowering plants, native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere.…

Crocus (plural: crocus, crocuses) is a genus of perennial flowering plants, native to a large area from coastal and subalpine areas of central and southern Europe (including the islands of the Aegean), North Africa and the Middle East, across Central Asia to western China. The genus Crocus is placed botanically in the iris family (Iridaceae). The plants grow from corms and are mainly hardy perennials, and are found in a wide range of habitats, including woodland, scrub and meadows. There are about eighty species of crocus (of which approximately 30 are cultivated). Their cup-shaped, solitary, salverform flowers taper off into a narrow tube. Their color varies enormously, although lilac, mauve, yellow and white are predominant. The grass-like, ensiform leaf shows generally a white central stripe along the leaf axis. The leaf margin is entire. All crocuses typically have three stamens. The spice saffron is obtained from the stigmas of Crocus sativus, an autumn/fall-blooming species.

Crocus

Crocus (plural: crocus, crocuses) is a genus of perennial flowering plants, native to a large area from…

Cirsium arvense is a species of Cirsium, native throughout Europe and northern Asia, and widely introduced elsewhere. The standard English name in its native area is Creeping Thistle. It is a tall herbaceous perennial plant, forming extensive clonal colonies from an underground root system that sends up numerous erect stems each spring, reaching 1–1.2 m tall (occasionally more); the stems often lie partly flat by summer but can stay erect if supported by other vegetation. The leaves are very spiny, lobed, up to 15–20 cm long and 2–3 cm broad (smaller on the upper part of the flower stem). The inflorescence is 10–22 mm diameter, pink-purple, with all the florets of similar form (no division into disc and ray florets). The flowers are usually dioecious, but not invariably so, with some plants bearing hermaphrodite flowers. The seeds are 4–5 mm long, with a feathery pappus which assists in wind dispersal.

Canada Thistle

Cirsium arvense is a species of Cirsium, native throughout Europe and northern Asia, and widely introduced…

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual, usually with many long sharp spines on the leaves. Plants are 30 to 150 cm tall with globular flower heads (capitula) and commonly, brilliant yellow, orange or red flowers which bloom in July. Each branch will usually have from one to five flower heads containing 15 to 20 seeds per head. Safflower has a strong taproot which enables it to thrive in dry climates, but the plant is very susceptible to frost injury from stem elongation to maturity.

Safflower

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual, usually with…

"The inflorescence of Maryland Figwort (Scrophularia Marylandica). a, the flower; b, the fruit; c, a seed; d, a leaf." -Whitney, 1911

Maryland Figwort

"The inflorescence of Maryland Figwort (Scrophularia Marylandica). a, the flower; b, the fruit; c, a…

An illustration of a sea-lily fossil.

Sea-lily

An illustration of a sea-lily fossil.

"In meteorology, a subsidiary cyclonic circulation, generally on the border of a primary cyclone accompanied by rain, thunder-storms, and squalls: indicated on a weather-map by the bulging of a sea-level isobar toward the region of higher pressure." -Whitney, 1911

Secondary

"In meteorology, a subsidiary cyclonic circulation, generally on the border of a primary cyclone accompanied…

Externally the temples presented only masses of unbroken wall; but these, as well as the pylons, were covered with huge pictures of a historical character. Only in the tombs do we find painted ornament of a purely conventional sort. Rosettes, diaper patterns, spirals, and checkers are to be met with in them; but many of these can be traced to symbolic origins.

Egyptian Floral Ornament Form

Externally the temples presented only masses of unbroken wall; but these, as well as the pylons, were…

The purely conventional ornaments — the rosette, guilloche, and lotus-flower, and probably also the palmette — were derived from Egyptian originals. They were treated, however, in a quite new spirit and adapted to the special materials and uses of their environment. Thes the form of the palmette, even if derived, as is not likely, from the Egyptian lotus-motive, was assimilated to the more familiar palm-forms of Assyria.

Assyrian Ornament

The purely conventional ornaments — the rosette, guilloche, and lotus-flower, and probably also…

An illustration of the flower (a) and the fruit (b) of the gutta-percha. Gutta-percha (Palaquium) is a genus of tropical trees native to Southeast Asia and northern Australasia, from Taiwan south to Malaya and east to the Solomon Islands. It is also an inelastic natural latex produced from the sap of these trees. The word 'gutta-percha' comes from the plant's name in Malay, getah perca, which translates as "percha rubber".

Gutta-percha

An illustration of the flower (a) and the fruit (b) of the gutta-percha. Gutta-percha (Palaquium) is…

Cynoglossum officinale (hound's tongue, dog's tongue, gypsy flower, and rats and mice due to its smell) is a herbaceous plant of the family Boraginaceae, found in most parts of Europe, and also North America where it was accidentally introduced. It can be either annual or biennial, with reddish-purple flowers blooming between May and September. It lives in wet places, waste land and hedges.

Hound's Tongue

Cynoglossum officinale (hound's tongue, dog's tongue, gypsy flower, and rats and mice due to its smell)…

An illustration of a grapevine flower after the petals have fallen.

Grapevine Flower

An illustration of a grapevine flower after the petals have fallen.

An illustration showing a "floral diagram of [the' Viola [plant], showing arrangement of parts in horizontal plan. b, pair of bractoeles below the flower; s, sepals; p, petals; st, stamens; o, ovary" (Britannica, 102).

Viola Diagram

An illustration showing a "floral diagram of [the' Viola [plant], showing arrangement of parts in horizontal…

The fertile plant of the Resurrection Plant (Selaginella lepidophylla), a spikemoss which lives in deserts.

Resurrection Plant

The fertile plant of the Resurrection Plant (Selaginella lepidophylla), a spikemoss which lives in deserts.

"Self-heal. (Prunella vulgaris). The upper part of the stem with flowers. a, the calyx; b, the corolla; c, a leaf; d, a bract from the inflorescence." -Whitney, 1911

Self-Heal

"Self-heal. (Prunella vulgaris). The upper part of the stem with flowers. a, the calyx; b, the corolla;…

"Flowering branch of Senna (Cassia obovata). a, a pod." -Whitney, 1911

Senna

"Flowering branch of Senna (Cassia obovata). a, a pod." -Whitney, 1911

"a, flower of Caltha palustris, showing the petaloid sepals s." -Whitney, 1911

Kingcup

"a, flower of Caltha palustris, showing the petaloid sepals s." -Whitney, 1911

"b, one of the sepals" of the flower of Caltha palustris, or Kingcup. -Whitney, 1911

Kingcup Sepal

"b, one of the sepals" of the flower of Caltha palustris, or Kingcup. -Whitney, 1911

"c, flower of Cerastium longipedunculatum, seen from below: s, a sepal." -Whitney, 1911

Nodding Chickweed

"c, flower of Cerastium longipedunculatum, seen from below: s, a sepal." -Whitney, 1911

"d, calyx, showing the five free sepals" of the Nodding Chickweed (Cerastium nutans) -Whitney, 1911

Nodding Chickweed

"d, calyx, showing the five free sepals" of the Nodding Chickweed (Cerastium nutans) -Whitney, 1911

An illustration of an ivy plant with the fruit and flower.

Ivy

An illustration of an ivy plant with the fruit and flower.

Jasminum grandiflorum (chameli in Hindi) is a species of jasmine native to South Asia. In India, its leaves are widely used as an Ayurvedic herbal medicine and its flowers are used to adorn the coiffure of women. In Pakistan, it grows wild in the Salt Range and Rawalpindi District at 500-1500 m altitude. It is closely related to, and sometimes treated as merely a form of, Jasminum officinale. It is a scrambling deciduous shrub growing to 2–4 m tall. The leaves are opposite, 5–12 cm long, pinnate with 5–11 leaflets. The flowers are produced in open cymes, the individual flowers are white having corolla with a basal tube 13–25 mm long and five lobes 13–22 mm long. The flower's fragrance is unique and sweet. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in warm temperate and subtropical regions.

Jasminum grandiflorum

Jasminum grandiflorum (chameli in Hindi) is a species of jasmine native to South Asia. In India, its…

An illustrative view of the soft rush. 1, plant; 2, inflorescence; 3, end of branch of inflorescence; 4, flower; 5, fruit; 6, seed; and 7, seed. Soft rush (Juncus effusus) is a member of the Juncus genus found growing in wet areas.

Soft Rush

An illustrative view of the soft rush. 1, plant; 2, inflorescence; 3, end of branch of inflorescence;…

A Rose window (or Catherine window) is often used as a generic term applied to a circular window, but is especially used for those found in churches of the Gothic architectural style and being divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery. The name "rose window" was not used before the 17th century and according to the Oxford English Dictionary, among other authorities, comes from the English flower name rose.

Rose Window, Church of St. Ouen, Rouen

A Rose window (or Catherine window) is often used as a generic term applied to a circular window, but…

A French Gothic capital from Sainte Chapelle in Paris from the thirteenth century. The capitals were tall and slender, concave in profile, with heavy square or octagonal abaci. After the middle of the thirteenth century the carving became more realistic; the leaves, larger and more mature, were treated as if applied to the capital or moulding, not as if they grew out of it.

French Gothic Capital

A French Gothic capital from Sainte Chapelle in Paris from the thirteenth century. The capitals were…

"Fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds." -Whitney, 1911

Poppy Septa

"Fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds." -Whitney, 1911

"Diagram of fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds omitted." -Whitney, 1911

Poppy Septa

"Diagram of fruit of Poppy, cut transversely to show the 12 septa (S) with the seeds omitted." -Whitney,…

A fourteenth century capital from transept of Notre Dame, Paris. The capitals were tall and slender, concave in profile, with heavy square or octagonal abaci. After the middle of the thirteenth century the carving became more realistic; the leaves, larger and more mature, were treated as if applied to the capital or moulding, not as if they grew out of it.

French Gothic Capital

A fourteenth century capital from transept of Notre Dame, Paris. The capitals were tall and slender,…

A fifteenth century capital from the north spire of Chartres. The capitals were tall and slender, concave in profile, with heavy square or octagonal abaci. After the middle of the thirteenth century the carving became more realistic; the leaves, larger and more mature, were treated as if applied to the capital or moulding, not as if they grew out of it.

French Gothic Capital

A fifteenth century capital from the north spire of Chartres. The capitals were tall and slender, concave…

An illustration of a Pilocarpus flower.

Pilocarpus Flower

An illustration of a Pilocarpus flower.

A simple oval frame.

Oval Frame

A simple oval frame.

A boy playing a recorder and a girl with a small harp and the word "The End".

The End

A boy playing a recorder and a girl with a small harp and the word "The End".

An illustration of Dodder including: 1, flower removed from; 2, Calyx; Ovary cut acrossed; 4, fruit enveloped by a persistent corolla; 5, seed; and 6, embryo. Dodder) is a genus of about 100-170 species of yellow, orange or red (rarely green) parasitic plants. Formerly treated as the only genus in the family Cuscutaceae, recent genetic research by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has shown that it is correctly placed in the family Convolvulaceae. The genus is found throughout the temperate to tropical regions of the world, with the greatest species diversity in subtropical and tropical regions; the genus becomes rare in cool temperate climates, with e.g. only four species native to northern Europe.

Dodder

An illustration of Dodder including: 1, flower removed from; 2, Calyx; Ovary cut acrossed; 4, fruit…

An illustration of duckweed inflorescence containing two male flowers each of one stamen and a female flower, the whole enclosed in a sheath. Duckweed is an important food source for waterfowl and are eaten by humans in some parts of Southeast Asia.

Duckweed Inflorescence

An illustration of duckweed inflorescence containing two male flowers each of one stamen and a female…

A header of lilies.

Lily Header

A header of lilies.

A branch of the Canadian Serviceberry (Amelanchier canadensis), a shrub or small tree, showing flowers.

Canadian Serviceberry

A branch of the Canadian Serviceberry (Amelanchier canadensis), a shrub or small tree, showing flowers.

The Sesame (Sesamum orientale, Sesamum indicum) is a flowering plant in the Pedaliaceae family of pedaliums or sesames used for its edible seeds and oil.

Sesame

The Sesame (Sesamum orientale, Sesamum indicum) is a flowering plant in the Pedaliaceae family of pedaliums…

The Toadshade (Trillium sessile) is a spring wildflower in the Melanthiaceae family of herbs and trilliums.

Toadshade

The Toadshade (Trillium sessile) is a spring wildflower in the Melanthiaceae family of herbs and trilliums.

The Sessile Bellwort (Uvularia sessilifolia) is a species of bellworts, here showing its sessile leaves.

Sessile Bellwort

The Sessile Bellwort (Uvularia sessilifolia) is a species of bellworts, here showing its sessile leaves.

The flowering branch of a camphor tree (Dryobalanops aromatica).

Camphor Tree

The flowering branch of a camphor tree (Dryobalanops aromatica).

A frame with a spinning wheel in the foregroud. A ship can be seen on the left and a church steeple on the right.

Spinning Wheel

A frame with a spinning wheel in the foregroud. A ship can be seen on the left and a church steeple…

Internal aspect of the spleen. Labels: a, superior extremity, or base; b, inferior extremity; c, internal surface; d, the hilus; e, anterior border; f, posterior border; g, suspensory ligament.

Spleen of a Horse

Internal aspect of the spleen. Labels: a, superior extremity, or base; b, inferior extremity; c, internal…

Species: Habenaria spp. View of a single flower showing its strange, fringed lip.

Fringed Orchid

Species: Habenaria spp. View of a single flower showing its strange, fringed lip.