The propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design in fast landing. This design requires a large landing area to stop the plane.

Aeroplane Low Tail Fast Landing Design

The propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design in fast landing. This design requires a large landing area…

A design of the propeller airplane, or aeroplane, in flight with a higher tail to create an angle of incidence when landing.

Aeroplane High Tail Normal Attitude Design

A design of the propeller airplane, or aeroplane, in flight with a higher tail to create an angle of…

A propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design with a high tail. This design creates a larger angle of incidence for a effective air brake to stop the plane in a shorter distance.

Aeroplane High Tail Slow Landing Design

A propeller airplane, or aeroplane, design with a high tail. This design creates a larger angle of incidence…

A motion diagram of the aeroplane, or airplane, illustrating the plane's direction to create thrust and small angle of incidence relative to the horizontal line.

Aeroplane Motion Diagram

A motion diagram of the aeroplane, or airplane, illustrating the plane's direction to create thrust…

An illustration of stabilizing the plane by setting the back wing at less angle of incidence than the front main wings creating a dihedral angle.

Stabilizing Aeroplane using Dihedral Angle

An illustration of stabilizing the plane by setting the back wing at less angle of incidence than the…

The diagram illustrating an approximate angle of flying an aeroplane, or airplane, flying upside down and in a loop by adjusting the throttle of the engine.

Aeroplane Looping and Upside Down Flying

The diagram illustrating an approximate angle of flying an aeroplane, or airplane, flying upside down…

An illustration of creating spirals on a steel rod using mandrel and lathe. The spiral is created by revolving the steel rod on the lathe while placing a mandrel on the rod at an angle.

Spiral Turning Device

An illustration of creating spirals on a steel rod using mandrel and lathe. The spiral is created by…

A spiral milling apparatus for a lathe to create drills and flutes. The working surface is fastened to the lathe by the bolt on the left. While the rod is spinning, a spindle is inserted in a hole at a desired angle.

Spiral Milling Lathe

A spiral milling apparatus for a lathe to create drills and flutes. The working surface is fastened…

"The Austrian counterscarp casement is constructionally simple. Under the counterscarp wall, on the further side of the ditch, facing the salient angle of the of the work, a chamber is formed with embrasures for rifle, machine gun or light artillery fire along the two adjacent ditch lengths." — Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1922

Austrian Fort Counterscarp Casement

"The Austrian counterscarp casement is constructionally simple. Under the counterscarp wall, on the…

The illustration shows a schematic view of the Stokes Mortar being mounted onto the bipod. The mortar is mounted on to the bipod. The bipod adjusts the mortar's angle by adjusting the the elevating handle moving the gears.

Front View of Stokes Mortar with Bipod

The illustration shows a schematic view of the Stokes Mortar being mounted onto the bipod. The mortar…

A light minenwerfer with 7.6 cm caliber designed by German during World War I. The series of gears adjusts the angle of the barrel by turning the hand crank.

Rifled Light Minenwerfer Mortar

A light minenwerfer with 7.6 cm caliber designed by German during World War I. The series of gears adjusts…

A light carriage minenwerfer class mortar used for direct fire. The barrel and the shifting lever is moved up during loading, while the angle of the mortar is adjusted by the elevating screw in the front.

Rifled Carriage Light Minenwerfer Mortar

A light carriage minenwerfer class mortar used for direct fire. The barrel and the shifting lever is…

A rectangular cube drawn by using oblique projection. The original cube was projected parallel at a certain angle. The cube was drawn by drawing the front square in the front, then projecting it in an angle while connecting the edges.

Oblique Projection of a Rectangular Cube

A rectangular cube drawn by using oblique projection. The original cube was projected parallel at a…

The illustration showing angles of 15, 30, and 45 degrees at angles 45 and 30 degrees. Measurement of angles is created by drawing at point E at 45 or 30 degrees, then draw a straight line from E to estimate the desired angle.

Measuring Angles in Isometric Planes

The illustration showing angles of 15, 30, and 45 degrees at angles 45 and 30 degrees. Measurement of…

A isometric drawing of the oblique and horizontal wood combined together. The image is drawn by creating the squared cube base, then, at the desired angle, draw the 3D view of the wood sticking up.

Isometric View of Oblique Timber Framed in to Horizontal Timber

A isometric drawing of the oblique and horizontal wood combined together. The image is drawn by creating…

A helix spiral generated by revolving about an axis at an angle less than 90 degrees. This generates a cylindrical or coned shape as the tip meets.

Helix Spiral

A helix spiral generated by revolving about an axis at an angle less than 90 degrees. This generates…

The illustration detailing of a screw thread. Threads are created by drawing a cylindrical shape at a constant diameter. The pitch, length between the threads, is drawn along the cylinder at an angle.

Drawing Screw Thread

The illustration detailing of a screw thread. Threads are created by drawing a cylindrical shape at…

A hinge is a type of bearing that connects two solid objects, typically allowing only a limited angle of rotation between them.

Door Style Hinge

A hinge is a type of bearing that connects two solid objects, typically allowing only a limited angle…

"Repsolds' more recent form of the spider—line micrometer (since 1893) for large telescope. Quick motion in Position—angle for rough setting or for the measurement of close double stars is given by the large ring R." —Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910

Repsolds Spider Line Micrometer for Quick Position Angle Motion

"Repsolds' more recent form of the spider—line micrometer (since 1893) for large telescope. Quick…

An illustration of the position and the size of the image viewed by the eye. The eye approximates the the height of the image. The image's height is the hypotenuse of the triangle, creating an angle with the eye. This image is then reflected upside down in the eye.

Position and Size of Image for Eye Optics

An illustration of the position and the size of the image viewed by the eye. The eye approximates the…

"If y be the object the image appears to a normal eye situated behind the system L with passive accommodation at a very great distance under the angle w'. Since H' P= F O, = y, from the focal length of the simple microscope is the image side focal length." —Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910

Optical Position and Size of Image Through Magnifying Glasses

"If y be the object the image appears to a normal eye situated behind the system L with passive accommodation…

"Since the valve must move a distance equal to the outside lap before admission can take place, it is evident that the eccentric can no longer be at right angles to the crank at the beginning of the stroke, but must be ahead of the right—angle point by an amount equal to AOC." —Derr, 1911

Valve with Lap of Steam Engine at Extreme Left with Exhaust Ports Open

"Since the valve must move a distance equal to the outside lap before admission can take place, it is…

"If the inside lap is increased, the valve must move farther before released occurs and the crank angle would be greater than illustrated. On the return of the valve to the dotted position, the port will close earlier and make an earlier compression. Decreasing inside lap will cause earlier release and later compression." —Derr, 1911

Steam Engine Valve with Lap Steam Where Slide Valve Moved to Open Position

"If the inside lap is increased, the valve must move farther before released occurs and the crank angle…

"If the velocity of impact of the jet is V feet per second, its velocity in the same direction after striking the plate will be zero, a definite force will be exerted on that plate, equal to the force necessary to impart a velocity of V feet in one second to the mass of water in the jet." —Derr, 1911

Water Jet Deflected 90 Degrees Measuring Force

"If the velocity of impact of the jet is V feet per second, its velocity in the same direction after…

"Now if the plate were shaped as shown, so that the direction of the jet were completely reversed turned through 180 degrees, there would be an additional pressure on the plate, due to the reaction of the jet leaving it. This, neglecting friction, would be equal to the original impulse, thus making the total force on plate 2 F instead of F. It is quite evident that if the force is twice as great, the work must be double." —Derr, 1911

Force Measurement by Deflecting Water Jet 180 Degrees

"Now if the plate were shaped as shown, so that the direction of the jet were completely reversed turned…

"If a jet with the velocity V strikes the bucket at an angle a, its velocity A B could be resolved into two components —one C B at right angles to the shaft, and one C A parallel to the shaft. The one at right angles to the shaft, commonly known as the velocity of whirl, would produce a rotative impulse equal to Vcosa, and V1, the velocity of the vane necessary for maximum efficiency." —Derr, 1911

Jet Steam Stream Hitting Curved Vane

"If a jet with the velocity V strikes the bucket at an angle a, its velocity A B could be resolved into…

A squared nanogram star with 8 points. The star is created by using two four sided squares on top of one another at an angle.

Squared Eight Point Nanogram Star

A squared nanogram star with 8 points. The star is created by using two four sided squares on top of…

Sometimes built into a compass, this instrument allows you to determine and measure angles in degrees and is most useful when projecting magnetic lines across your map.

Bevel Protractor

Sometimes built into a compass, this instrument allows you to determine and measure angles in degrees…

Used for mowing and reaping, consisting of a long curved blade fixed at an angle to a long bent handle.

Attachment Scythe

Used for mowing and reaping, consisting of a long curved blade fixed at an angle to a long bent handle.

The work of using a heated tool, or iron to remove wrinkles from fabric. Heating is commonly done to a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius. Ironing works by loosening the bonds between the long-chain polymer molecules in the fibers of the material.

Sad Iron

The work of using a heated tool, or iron to remove wrinkles from fabric. Heating is commonly done to…

A type of chair that is designed for use at a desk in an office. It is generally comfortable and adjustable and can swivel 360 degrees.

Office Chair

A type of chair that is designed for use at a desk in an office. It is generally comfortable and adjustable…

The four fundamental forms of resistance: A, to tension; B, to compression parallel to fiber; C, to compression at right angle to fiber; D, to transverse tension; F, fiber of wood. Arrows indicate direction of force.

The Forms of Resistance

The four fundamental forms of resistance: A, to tension; B, to compression parallel to fiber; C, to…

"The highest of the White Mountains is Mount Washington. We can go in an ordinary train to the foot of this mountain, and from there can ride to its summit over one of the oddest little railroads in the world. The mountain is more than a mile high, and this little railroad goes right up to its top. In some places the track is so steep that it looks more like a ladder than a railroad, and the cars which go up it are at times at such an angle that you would think they would slide to the bottom."—Carpenter, 1898

Railroad Up Mount Washington

"The highest of the White Mountains is Mount Washington. We can go in an ordinary train to the foot…

"Degraded means placed upon degrees, or steps."—Aveling, 1891

Cross Nowed, Degraded and Conjoined

"Degraded means placed upon degrees, or steps."—Aveling, 1891

A side angle view of a potato warehouse.

Potato Warehouse

A side angle view of a potato warehouse.

This tool was used to measure the degrees Lovibond of beer. Rated by bitterness, and color.

Beer Measurement

This tool was used to measure the degrees Lovibond of beer. Rated by bitterness, and color.

This span roof frame is one of the most popular. The sashes are held open at any angle required. These frames are best suited to remain where placed permanently.

Span-Roof Frame

This span roof frame is one of the most popular. The sashes are held open at any angle required. These…

Phyllanthus chantrieri flowers are brick-red with pale yellow hairs. The flowers bloom in summer. Branches form a right angle with the stem.

Phyllanthus Chantrieri

Phyllanthus chantrieri flowers are brick-red with pale yellow hairs. The flowers bloom in summer. Branches…

<I>Artabotrys uncinatus</I> is a climbing shrub with branches at a wide angle. The leaves are oblong and taper to a point. The flowers have six petals and are brownish red.

Artabotrys Uncinatus

Artabotrys uncinatus is a climbing shrub with branches at a wide angle. The leaves are oblong and taper…

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire cross at right angles.

Cross-over

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire cross at right angles.

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire meet at acute angles.

Cross-over

A cross-over where two different lines of trolley wire meet at acute angles.

A gimbals is a contrivance designed to keep a marine compass, chronometer, lamp, or other instrument in the horizontal position on board ship, notwithstanding the rolling and pitching of the vessel. The instrument is suspended in the diametral axis of a ring, which is again suspended in the diametral axis of another ring, the two axes being at right angles to one another.

This illustration shows a diagram of a gimbals, showing the angle of the ship (A), the perpendicular axes of the rings, and the compass suspended horizontally in the gimbals (B).

Gimbals (Diagram)

A gimbals is a contrivance designed to keep a marine compass, chronometer, lamp, or other instrument…

In Joinery, a common dovetail joint is the most efficient for joining two boards that meet at a right angle. The edges of each board are cut into a series of alternate projections and indentations, which fit into each other, and which by the bevel of their sides prevent the boards from drawing apart.

Common Dovetail Joint

In Joinery, a common dovetail joint is the most efficient for joining two boards that meet at a right…

A kaleidoscope is an optical instrument invented by Brewster about 1815. It became very popular as a toy. It consists essentially of a tube, within which are fixed longitudinally two mirrors at a certain angle ACB -- any even submultiple of 360º, in practice generally 60º -- an eyepiece at one end,  and an object box containing fragments of colored glass at the other. On shaking the instrument, an infinite series of always symmetrical patterns is presented.

Kaleidoscope

A kaleidoscope is an optical instrument invented by Brewster about 1815. It became very popular as a…

This illustration shows a section of a tooth of a typical Labyrinthodont. Labyrinthodont, or Stegocephali is a race of extinct amphibians, the remains of which are found in the Permian, Carboniferous, and Triassic strata. Many of them were giants compared with our modern amphibians, from which they differed markedly in possessing an armature of bony plates in various degrees of completeness. In general habit, they resembled the newt or salamander. The name Labyrinthodont refers to the mazy pattern exhibited on a transverse section of the teeth of some genera. Among the best known genera are Archegosaurus, Loxomma, and Mastodonsaurus.

Section of Tooth of Typical Labyrinthodont

This illustration shows a section of a tooth of a typical Labyrinthodont. Labyrinthodont, or Stegocephali…

A 90 degree angle connector.

Angle Connectors

A 90 degree angle connector.

An example of a simple machine. In the figure, AC is the included plane, CB is the height of the plane, BA is its base, and BAC is the angle of inclination or elevation. The power necessary to sustain any weight on an included plane is to the weight as the height of the plane to its length, or as CB to CA.

Inclined Plane

An example of a simple machine. In the figure, AC is the included plane, CB is the height of the plane,…

Polar coordinate example. Ex. (4, 60 degrees)

Coordinate Example

Polar coordinate example. Ex. (4, 60 degrees)

A positive slope line making a 60 degree angle with the x-axis.

Straight Line

A positive slope line making a 60 degree angle with the x-axis.

Finding the angle between two lines whose equations are in intercept form.

Angle

Finding the angle between two lines whose equations are in intercept form.

Transforming from one set of rectangular axes to another with the same origin, but different direction.

Rectangular Axes

Transforming from one set of rectangular axes to another with the same origin, but different direction.

Angles on a modified coordinate plane.

Oblique Axes

Angles on a modified coordinate plane.

Double angle milling cutter.

Double Angle

Double angle milling cutter.

A scriber block is used to layout lines at a set height from the base, thus its second name surface height gauge or just "surface gauge".

The work piece is held against an angle plate so that it is perpendicular to the surface plate, the scriber block is then adjusted to the required height and used to scribe a line parallel with the table, by sliding the block along the table's surface.

Scriber Block

A scriber block is used to layout lines at a set height from the base, thus its second name surface…

Cast metal box parallel with finished surfaces used to for set-ups in machining, layout, and inspection.

Box Parallel

Cast metal box parallel with finished surfaces used to for set-ups in machining, layout, and inspection.

A fleet of three ancient Anglo-Saxon ships, each with wind filling the lone sail. Each ship has a dragon head at the bow. The front ship has a curled, dragon tail at the stern. Several men occupy the decks of the ships. The ship of the right has a head on a pike displayed at its bow. A crow sits on and pecks at the head. Another crow sits on the mast of that ship.

Anglo-Saxon Ships with Wind in the Sails

A fleet of three ancient Anglo-Saxon ships, each with wind filling the lone sail. Each ship has a dragon…

A secant is "a line which cuts a figure in any way. Specifically, in trigonometry, a line from the center of a circle through one extremity of an arc (whose secant it is said to be) to the tangent from the other extremity of the same arc; or the ratio of this line to the radius; the reciprocal of the cosine. The ratio of AB to AD is the secant of the angle A; and AB is the secant of the arc CD." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Circle with Secant

A secant is "a line which cuts a figure in any way. Specifically, in trigonometry, a line from the center…

"Nautically, a block with two sheaves, whose axes are at right angles to each other, used for the buntlines of the courses." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Shoe Block

"Nautically, a block with two sheaves, whose axes are at right angles to each other, used for the buntlines…

"The curve of sines, in which the abscissas are proportional to an angle, and the ordinates to its sine." -Whitney, 1889

Sinusoid or Sine Wave

"The curve of sines, in which the abscissas are proportional to an angle, and the ordinates to its sine."…

Also called a parabolic spiral, it is a type of Archimedean Spiral. A spiral is defined as "a plane curve which runs continuously round and round, a fixed point, called the center, with constantly increasing radius vector, so that the latter is never normal to the curve; also, a part of such a curve in the course of which the radius from the center describes 360 degrees." &mdash;Whitney, 1889

Fermat's Spiral

Also called a parabolic spiral, it is a type of Archimedean Spiral. A spiral is defined as "a plane…