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"Battle of Cedar Mountain, fought Saturday, August 9th, 1862, between the Federal troops commanded by General Banks and the Confederate Army led by Generals Jackson, Ewell, Winder, etc.- final repulse of the Confederates. General Pope's report of the battle is as follows: "On Saturday, August 9th, 1862, the enemy advanced rapidly to Cedar Mountain, the sides of which they occupied in heavy force. General Banks was instructed to take up his position on the ground occupied by Crawford's brigade, of his command, which had been thrown out the day previous to observe the enemy's movements. He was directed not to advance beyond that point, and if attacked by the enemy to defend his position and send back timely notice. The artillery of the enemy was opened early in the afternoon, but he made no advance until nearly five o'clock, at which time a few skirmishers were thrown forward on each side under cover of the heavy wood in which his force was concealed. The enemy pushed forward a strong force in the rear of his skirmishers, and General Banks advanced to the attack. The engagement did not fairly open until after six o'clock, and for an hour and a half was furious and unceasing. I arrived personally on the field at 7 P.M., and found the action raging furiously. The infantry fire was incessant and severe. I found General Banks holding the position he took up early in the morning. His losses were heavy. Ricketts's division was immediately pushed forward and occupied the right of General Banks, the brigades of Crawford and Gordon being directed to change their position from the right and mass themselves in the centre. Before this change could be effected it was quite dark, though the artillery fire continued at short range without intermission. The artillery fire, at night, by the Second and Fifth Maine batteries in Ricketts's division of General McDowell's corps was most destructive, as was readily observable the next morning in the dead men and horses and broken gun carriages of the enemy's batteries which had been advanced against it. Our troops rested on their arms during the night in line of battle, the heavy shelling being kept up on both sides until midnight. At daylight the next morning the enemy fell back two miles from our front, and still higher up the mountain."" —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Cedar Mountain

"Battle of Cedar Mountain, fought Saturday, August 9th, 1862, between the Federal troops commanded by…

"Bellaire, O.- Steamboats conveying troops and munitions of war for the Federal forces on the Great Kanawha. Bellaire is a town situated on the Ohio River, three miles below Wheeling, Va. It is the eastern terminus of the Central Ohio Railroad, and the point for crossing the river connecting the Baltimore and Ohio with the above-named railroad. The place contained a population of fifteen hundred or two thousand inhabitants in 1861. Its importance was owing to its eligible position for the rapid concentration of troops. The sketch represents a fleet of boats lying in the river awaiting the quoata of troops and munitions for the prosecution of the war on the Great Kanawha. At this date, 1896, two weekly newspapers are published here. It has two banks, two churches, also manufactures of window-glass and flintware, nails, pig iron, galvanized ware and agricultural machines. The city is lighted with gas, and has waterworks and a street railway. Coal, limestone and fire-clay abound here. Population, about ten thousand." —Leslie, 1896

Bellaire, Ohio

"Bellaire, O.- Steamboats conveying troops and munitions of war for the Federal forces on the Great…

"General Hunter, born in Washington, D. C., July 21st, 1802, died there, February 2nd, 1886, was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1822; appointed second lieutenant in the Fifth Infantry; promoted first lieutenant in 1828, and became a captain in the First Dragoons in 1833. He resigned his commission in 1836, and engaged in business in Chicago. He re-entered the military service as a paymaster, with the rank of major, in March, 1842. On May 14th, 1861, he was appointed colonel of the Sixth United States Cavalry, and three days later was commissioned brigadier general of volunteers. He commanded the main column of McDowell's army in the Manassas campaign, and was severely wounded at Bull Run, July 21st, 1861. He was made a major general of volunteers, August 13th, 1861; served under General Fremont in Missouri, and on November 2nd succeeded him in the command of the Western Department. In March, 1862, General Hunter was transferred to the Department of the South, with headquarters at Port Royal, S. C. In May, 1864, he was placed in command of the Department of West Virginia. He defeated considerable force at Piedmont on June 5th. He was brevetted major general, United States Army, march 13th, 1865, and mustered out of the volunteer service in January, 1866." —Leslie, 1896

General David Hunter

"General Hunter, born in Washington, D. C., July 21st, 1802, died there, February 2nd, 1886, was graduated…

"General Pleasonton, born in Washington, D. C., June 7th, 1824, was graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1844; served in the Mexican War, and was brevetted first lieutenant for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma; was commissioned first lieutenant in 1849, and captain in 1855; commanded his regiment in its march from Utah to Washington in 1861; was commissioned major of the Second Cavalry in 1862; served through the Virginia Peninsula campaign; became brigadier general of volunteers in July of that year, and commanded the division of cavalry of the Army of the Potomac that followed Lee's invading army into Maryland. He was engaged at Boonesborough, South Mountain, Antietam and the subsequent pursuit; engaged the enemy at Fredericksburg, and staid the further advance of the enemy at Chancellorsville. He received the brevet of lieutenant colonel for Antietam in 1862; was promoted major general of volunteers in June, 1863, participating in the numerous actions that preceded the battle of Gettysburg. In March, 1865, he was made major general, United States Army, for services throughout the Civil War." —Leslie, 1896

General Alfred Pleasonton

"General Pleasonton, born in Washington, D. C., June 7th, 1824, was graduated at the United States Military…

"General Webb, born in New York city, February 15th, 1835, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1855, and assigned to the artillery. He served in Florida, Minnesota, and for three years as assistant professor at West Point. He was present at Bull Run and in defenses of Washington until 1862, when he participated in the battles of the Peninsula campaign of the Army of the Potomac, and as chief of staff of the Fifth Corps during the Maryland and Rappahannock campaigns till June 23rd, 1863. He was then commissioned brigadier general of volunteers, and placed in command of a brigade of the Second Corps, serving with great credit at the battle of Gettysburg. He was made major general, United States Army, for gallant and meritorious services in the campaign terminating with the surrender of the insurgent army under General Lee." —Leslie, 1896

General Alexander S. Webb

"General Webb, born in New York city, February 15th, 1835, was graduated from the United States Military…

"The Confederate raid into Kentucky- the fight at the Licking Bridge, Cynthiana, between the Federal troops and the Morgan Confederate Guerrillas. Cynthiana, the scene of the fight between the Cincinnati volunteers and Morgan's Confederate cavalry, is the capital of Harrison County, Ky. When Morgan with his guerrilas arrived on the south side of the Licking River, on Thursday, July 17th, 1862, he found Lieutenant Colonel Landrum, of the Eighteenth Kentucky Regiment, with a hastily gathered force, ready to oppose him. The splendidly mounted Confederates were, however, too much for him, and after making a gallant defense the Confederates forced their way over the bridge, killed a number of the Federals and captured one cannon. Landrum and about forty of his troops made good their retreat to Lexington, which was in a perfect panic at the proximity of the Confederate chief." —Leslie, 1896

Kentucky Raid

"The Confederate raid into Kentucky- the fight at the Licking Bridge, Cynthiana, between the Federal…

"The Confederate raid into Kentucky--excitement at Convington--gathering of armed Federal citizens at the railroad and telegraph office, on hearing of the capture of Cynthiana by the Confederate Morgan. The dash of Morgan from his mountain haunts in Tennessee through Kentucky caused considerable alarm throughout the State, for it was well planned and boldly executed. It is said to have been an inspiration from Jeff Davis himself, intended to produce a general uprising in Kentucky against the Federal Government. The people, however, soon recovered from their momentary terror; and it was then seen how much stronger the Federal sentiment was in Kentucky than that of Secession." —Leslie, 1896

Kentucky Raid Rally

"The Confederate raid into Kentucky--excitement at Convington--gathering of armed Federal citizens at…

"Battle of Malvern Hill, near Turkey Bend, James River, Va., fought Tuesday, July 1st, 1862. The battle of Malvern Hill commenced with the advance of a large body of Confederates, extending quite across the country, with cavalry on each flank. The Federals at once jumped up wearily, and waited their appraoch, while all the signal officers, on their several stations, waved their cabalistic muslin. The Federal column was formed with General Couch, of General Keyes's corps, on the extreme left; Franklin and Heintzelman took up the centre, and on the right were the remnants of Porter and Sumner. Burns's brigade, being ordered to charge, advanced with the sixty-ninth Pennsylvania Regiment (Irish), Colonel Owen, and being gallantly seconded by Dana's, Meagher's and French's brigades, they dashed within fifty yards of the enemy and opened a splendid fire of musketry. The left of the line was now advanced, and the troops of General Couch really behaved wonderfully, facing the enemy wherever he appeared, and pouring volleys into him all the time. After fighting two hours, with a loss of about 400, the night fell, and having moved across Turkey Island Creek, they broke up the bridge, and soon the whole army closed up at and near Harrison's Bar, twenty-seven miles from Richmond." —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Malvern Hill

"Battle of Malvern Hill, near Turkey Bend, James River, Va., fought Tuesday, July 1st, 1862. The battle…

"Removing sunken schooners from Core Sound, N. C., placed to obstruct the passage of the Federal gunboats, under the superintendence of Captain Hayden, of the New York Submarine Engineering Company. The perverse ingenuity which the Confederates showed in obstructing the channels which led to their strongholds was only exceeded by the persistent ingenuity with which the Federal officers removed them. The Confederates obstructed the channel of Core Sound by sinking schooners; but under the superintendence of Captain Hayden, of the New York Submarine Engineering Company, they were removed by blasting. The shock was perceptibly felt a considerable distance, and it was some time before the water resumed its usual appearance." —Leslie, 1896

Schooners

"Removing sunken schooners from Core Sound, N. C., placed to obstruct the passage of the Federal gunboats,…

"Destruction of the Confederate ironclad steamer <em>Merrimac</em>, blown up by its commander, on the morning of May 11th, 1862. The abandonment of Norfolk compelled the evacuation of the Confederate positions at Sewell's Point and at Crany Island, and on May 11th, 1862, the <em>Merrimac</em> was blown up to prevent her falling into the hands of the Federals. The Federal officers who witnessed the burning and blowing up of the <em>Merrimac</em> described the scene as one of the grandest imaginable. For nearly an hour before the explosion the roof was red hot, and at short intervals the guns would discharge themselves, solemnly breking in upon the stillness of the night. Just at the first dawn of daylight the whole black mass heaved upward, then came the report, so terrific as to shake houses at a distance of eight miles. With a flash, an unearthly hissing sound, and the great monster, the <em>Merrimac</em>, ceased to exist." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Destruction of Merrimac

"Destruction of the Confederate ironclad steamer Merrimac, blown up by its commander, on the…

"Federal troops marching through Second Street, New Fernandina, Fla. Our sketch of New Fernandina in 1862 shows the principal business street in the city, called Second Street. There seemed to be quite a joke in numbering streets where there were not half a dozen in the place; but the spirit of imitation was strong, and as Philadelphia and New York, with their thousands of blocks, are simplified and rendered more easily fundable by the aid of arithmetic, so must be the villages of the South." —Leslie, 1896

New Fernandina

"Federal troops marching through Second Street, New Fernandina, Fla. Our sketch of New Fernandina in…

"Review of Confederate troops on their march to Virginia, in front of the Pulaski Monument, Monument Square, Savannah, Ga., August 7th, 1861. The Pulaski Monument is situated in Johnson or Monument Square. It is a fine Doric obelisk of marble, 53 feet in height. The base of the pedestal is 10 feet 4 inches by 6 feet 8 inches, and its elevation is about 12 feet. The corner stone was laid by Lafayette during his visit to the United States in 1825. The needle which surmounts the pedestal is 37 feet high. Another and very elegant structure has also been erected to the memory of this gallant foreigner in Chippewa Square. Pulaski was killed in the attack made by the allied American and French armies in 1779, when the British held possession of Savannah." —Leslie, 1896

Pulaski Monument

"Review of Confederate troops on their march to Virginia, in front of the Pulaski Monument, Monument…

"President Lincoln, attended by General McClellan and staff, reviewing the Federal army, on Tuesday, July 8th, 1862, near Harrison's Landing, Va." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Review of Federal Army

"President Lincoln, attended by General McClellan and staff, reviewing the Federal army, on Tuesday,…

"Battle of Cross Keys, Sunday June 8th, 1862- centre and front of the Federal army in the engagement. We illustrated the opening of this battle on page 159, and now add a sketch of the centre and front of the Federal army in the engagement, described by our correspondent, as follows: "General Melroy had the centre, and pressed steadily forward from the ground where he first took position, planting his guns each time nearer the enemy's batteries. His artillery delivered its fire with a precision truly remarkable. The ground where the enemy's guns were planted was furrowed with our shot and shell as with a plow, and where one battery stood I counted twelve dead horses. General Melroy's infantry deployed through the woods, taking advantage of a deep gully to cross a wheatfield, where they were exposed, and charged gallantly up the hill, where one of the opposing batteries was planted, cutting down the gunners with their fire. Had they been supported they would have captured a battery. They made the crest of the hill too hot to hold on the part of the enemy, and held their position until recalled." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Battle of Cross Keys

"Battle of Cross Keys, Sunday June 8th, 1862- centre and front of the Federal army in the engagement.…

"Headquarters of General Butterfield, near Harrison's Landing, James River, Va." —Leslie, 1896

Headquarters of General Butterfield

"Headquarters of General Butterfield, near Harrison's Landing, James River, Va." —Leslie, 1896

"The Confederate forces under General Jackson advancing upon the Rapphannock Station at the river. Federal batteries replying to the Confederate artillery, August 23rd, 1862, being the commencement of the battles ending at Bull Run, August 30th. Our correspondent reported as follows: "The fight was opened by our batteries in front of the hill and woods on the centre and left. It was immediately replid to by the enemy's batteries in the orchard and along the crest of the hill, about three-quarters of a mile distant. After the artillery fighting had lasted some time, our infantry attacked the enemy's left flank. The fighting, however, was very severe. Huge columns of yellow smoke rolled up from the roads. The faint rattle and roll of distant musketry came across the open fields, interrupted occasionally by the boom of a heavy gun. Meanwhile, the enemy was making a very serious attempt to turn our left. Part of General McDowell's corps was sent to drive them back. They moved in solid column across the field from the right, while the enemy in overpowering force was pushing our small number back. The fighting was terriblly fierce at this point, the enemy throwing all their force on this flank. Our men retired across the field in the foreground and into the woods. On the right the enemy was driven from its position." —Leslie, 1896

Commencement of Bull Run

"The Confederate forces under General Jackson advancing upon the Rapphannock Station at the river. Federal…

"Landing of Federal troops at Parkersburg, Western Virginia. Parkersburg, Va., in 1861 was a thriving post village on the Ohio River, situated at the mouth of the Little Kanawha River, and altogether presented a most picturesque appearance, the houses being very neatly built and well placed. It is about one hundred miles from Wheeling and two hundred and fifty-eight miles from Richmond in a direct W.N.W. line. It contained a courthouse, churches of several denominations, a bank, a printing office and several steam mills. Its population was nearly four thousand. It has excellent turnpike roads to Staunton and Winchester and the Northwestern branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad terminates here. Our view represents the arrival of Federal troops previous to the total clearance of the Kanawha Valley from the presence of Wise and his Confederate troops." —Leslie, 1896

Landing at Parkersburg

"Landing of Federal troops at Parkersburg, Western Virginia. Parkersburg, Va., in 1861 was a thriving…

"General McClellan and the Federal troops passing through Frederick City, Md., in pursuit of the Confederate army- their enthusiastic reception by the inhabitants, September 12th, 1862. Most certainly it was distance that lent enchantment to the view of the eyes of the Marylanders, so far as the Confederate army was concerned, for it appeared that, instead of 50,000 recruits so confidently predicted by Mr. Miles, one of the Confederate Congress of Richmond, they did not actually realize more then 700, and of these nearly 300 refused to carry out their enlistments. All accounts proved that the Confederate army was of the Felstaffian regime, and not at all calculated to make a favorable impression upon the olfactory and pecuniary faculties of the Secessionists of Maryland. When the Confederate generals, with their staffs, entered Frederick City, they were at first welcomed, but when the ragged regiments made their appearance a change came over the spirit of their dream, and the inhabitants woke from their delusion. Our sketch reprsents the rapturous reception given to Gneral McClellan. It was a perfect ovation. Flowers were showered down upon the Federals, while the waving of flags and the cheers of the inhabitants completed the inspiring scene." —Leslie, 1896

Frederick City

"General McClellan and the Federal troops passing through Frederick City, Md., in pursuit of the Confederate…

"General Hayes was the nineteenth President of the United States, born in Delaware, O., October 4th, 1822; died in Fremont, O., January 7th, 1893. Hayes was governor of Ohio three times and was a general in the Civil War." —Leslie, 1896

General Rutherford B. Hayes

"General Hayes was the nineteenth President of the United States, born in Delaware, O., October 4th,…

"General James A. Garfield was the twentieth President of the United States, born in Orange, Cuyahoga County, O., November 19th, 1831, died in Elberon, N. J., September 19th, 1881. General Garfield was involved in the Civil War and was inaugurated President of the United States in 1881, and was shot by a disappointed office seeker (Guiteau), July 2nd, the same year." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General James A. Garfield

"General James A. Garfield was the twentieth President of the United States, born in Orange, Cuyahoga…

"View of Rolla, Mo., taken from the fort." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Rolla

"View of Rolla, Mo., taken from the fort." —Leslie, 1896

"Encampment of the Federal army near Rolla, Mo. The city of Rolla has been famous since the death of heroic Lyon, when the scattered forces of that glorious but disastrous day, under the guidance of General Siegel, made their first secure resting place. Our illustration is particularly interesting, as it takes in the last encampment of the Federal Army, showing the positions of the chief divisions of Generals Asboth, Siegel and Wymans. Rolla is on the direct route of the railroad from St. Louis to Springfield, being about midway between those cities. It is about sixty miles from Pilot Knob and fifty from Jefferson City. Our artist said: "The high rolling country around Rolla is admirably adapted for a camping ground. Fine streams of clear water intersect in all directions; the ground is gravelly and dry, and all the hills are covered with oak timber. The camping grounds are all gently sloping, facing the south, and are well protected from the cold north and northwest winds by the high ridges on the north."" —Leslie, 1896

Rolla Camp

"Encampment of the Federal army near Rolla, Mo. The city of Rolla has been famous since the death of…

"Reconnoissance of Warsaw Sound, December 5th, 1861, by a detachment of gunboats under Captain Rodgers, Savannah in the distance." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Warsow Sound

"Reconnoissance of Warsaw Sound, December 5th, 1861, by a detachment of gunboats under Captain Rodgers,…

"Successful attack of a detachment of the Federal forces, under General Stevens, supported by four gunboats of the fleet, on the Confederate fortifications on and near Port Royal Ferry, January 1st, 1862, landing of the Federal troops on the mainland. The command of this expedition, which was to destroy three batteries erected upon the mainland by the Confederates, before they became too powerful, was given to Brigadier General Isaac J. Stevens, an officer admirably qualified for the position. His staff was composed of Assistant Adjutant General Stevens, Assistant Quartermaster General Lilley, Assistant Commissary General Warfield and Surgeon Kremble. The regiments were: the Roundheads of Pennsylvania, Colonel Lesure; the Fifteenth Pennsylvania, Colonel Christo; Eighth Michgan, Colonel Fenton; Seventy-ninth New York, Colonel Morrison; Forty-seventh New York, Colonel Fraser; and his Forty-eighth New York Volunteers, Colonel Perry. The troops were to be supported and covered by the Gunboats <em>Pembina</em>, Captain Bankhead; <em>Seneca</em>, Captain Ammon; the <em>Ottawa</em>, Captain Stevens, and the <em>Ellen</em>, Captain Budd. These were under the command of Captain Raymond Rogers, of the Flagship <em>Wabash</em>, who embarked on board the <em>Ottawa</em>. The troops were marched from Beaufort during the 31st of December to the north of Brick Yard Creek, the narrowest part of Beaufort, on Port Poyal River, and joining Coosaw River. Here they found flats, barges and boats for their transportation. Early on New Year's morning they crossed, having then five miles to march before they reached Port Royal Ferry." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Port Royal Ferry

"Successful attack of a detachment of the Federal forces, under General Stevens, supported by four gunboats…

"Camp Zagonyi, encampment of Fremont's army on the prairie, near Wheatland, Mo., October 14th, 1861. This spot, where Fremont's army rested after their first day's march from Tipton, is on the vast prairies of Missouri, about fifteen miles from Tipton and two miles from Wheatland. The Grand Army of the West here pitched their tents on the afternoon of the 14th of October, 1861. A brilliant sunset fell over the whole, which looked more like a monster picnic than the advanced corps of an army bent on the destruction of traitorous brothers. The rapidity with which the evening's meal for a marching regiment is prepared has something of the marvelous in it. Appetite quickens practice, and the air is soon filled with the savory aromas of culinary processes. Then comes the hearty enjoyment of food which at another time would be passed by, but which now, under the appetizing provocative of hunger, is thankfully received. Not the least of a soldier's trials is the inroad a long march and privation makes upon that fastidiousness which plenty to eat engenders in the human diaphragm. The camp was called after the colonel of General Fremont's bodyguard, whose gallant achievements at Springfield on the 25th of October we have recorded." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Camp Zagonyi

"Camp Zagonyi, encampment of Fremont's army on the prairie, near Wheatland, Mo., October 14th, 1861.…

"Village of Clarksburg, Western Virginia, headquarters of General Rosecrans. Clarksburg, a post village, capital of Harrison County, is situated on the west fork of the Monongahela River, at the mouth of Elk Creek, about two hundred and twenty miles northwest of Richmond. It is built on a high tableland environed by hills. It had in 1861 several churches, academies, two printing offices and many fine stores. Stove coal abounded in its vicinity. The Northwestern Railroad, a branch of the Baltimore and Ohio, passed through it. It has about two thousand inhabitants. For a short time Clarksburg was the headquarters of General Rosecrans. The situation was briefly this: The Cheat Mountain Gaps, the key to the whole country, were held by a strong force, a portion of General Reynolds's brigade, the remainder of which was stationed at Bevery, Huttonsville, and in that vicinity. Other portions of General Rosecrans's command were scattered over almost the whole northwestern part of Virginia, guarding the railroad lines from Wheeling and Parkersburg down to Grafton, and then eastward through the Cheat River country, Oakland, Altamont, and almost to Cumberland, occupying the Kanawha Valley by General Cox's brigade, and holding towns like Weston, Buckhannon, Summerville, Philippi and Bealington." —Leslie, 1896

Village of Clarksburg

"Village of Clarksburg, Western Virginia, headquarters of General Rosecrans. Clarksburg, a post village,…

"General Porter, born at Portsmouth, N. H., June 13th, 1822, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1845, and assigned to the Fourth Artillery, in which he became second lieutenant, June 18th, 1846. He served in the Mexican War, was commissioned first lieutenant on May 29th, and received the brevet of captain, September 8th, 1847, for services at Molino del Rey, and that of major for Chapultepec. On May 14th, 1861, he became colonel of the Fifteenth Infantry, and on May 17th, 1861, he was made brigadier general of volunteers, and assigned to duty in Washington. In 1862 he participated in the Virginia Peninsula campaign, at Yorktown, Gaines's Mill and Malvern Hill, and received the brevet of brigadier general in the regular army for gallant conduct at the battle of Chickahominy, Va., June 27th, 1862. On November 27th, 1862, General Porter was arraigned before a court-martial in Washington, charged with disobeying orders at the second battle of Bull Run, and on January 21st, 1863, he was cashiered. A bill for his relief was signed by President Cleveland, and he was restored to the United States Army as colonel, August 7th, 1886." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Fitzjohn Porter

"General Porter, born at Portsmouth, N. H., June 13th, 1822, was graduated from the United States Military…

"General Brannan, born in the District of Columbia in 1819, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1841, and stationed at Plattsburg, N. Y., in 1841-'42. During the Mexican War he was first lieutenant in the First Artillery. He took part in the battles of Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo, La Hoya, Contreras and Churubusco, and for gallant and meritorious conduct was brevetted captain on August 28th, 1847. During the next fourteen years he performed much arduous service on the frontier, and from 1856 till 1858 took a gallant part in the campaign against the Seminoles. On September 28th, 1861, he was promoted to be brigadier general of volunteers, serving in the far South until January 24th, 1863. On October 10th, 1863, he became chief of artillery of the Department of the Cumberland, and held that position till June 25th, 1865. On March 13th, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier general in the regular army for his part in the capture of Atlanta, and major general for gallant and meritorious services during the war." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General John M. Brannan

"General Brannan, born in the District of Columbia in 1819, was graduated from the United States Military…

"General Mitchel, born at Morganfield, Union County, Ky., August 28th, 1809, died at Hilton Head, S. C., October 30th, 1862, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1829. Immediately after his graduation he was made assistant professor of mathematics at the Military Academy, which position he held for two years, when he was assigned to duty at Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Fla. He soon resigned and moved to Cincinnati, where he commenced the study of law and was admitted to the bar. In 1861 he entered the Civil War in the cause of the Union, and was placed in command of a division of General Buell's army. He served with the Army of the Ohio during the campaigns of Tennessee and Northern Alabama, and reached the brevet title of major general of volunteers, April 11th, 1862. Afterward he was placed in command of the Department of the South at Hilton Hed, S. C., where he was fatally stricken with yellow fever in the prime of his career." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Ormsby MacKnight Mitchel

"General Mitchel, born at Morganfield, Union County, Ky., August 28th, 1809, died at Hilton Head, S.…

"General Reno, born in Wheeling, W. Va., June 20th, 1823, died on South Mountain, Md., September 14th, 1862, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1846, and at once promoted brevet second lieutenant of ordinance. He served in the Mexican War, taking part in the battles of Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Churubusco, and Chapultepec, and in the siege of Vera Cruz he was commissioned second lieutenant, March 3rd, 1847; brevetted first lieutenant, April 18th, for gallant conduct in the first-named engagement, and captain, September 13th, for bravery at Chapultepec, where he was severely wounded. In the Civil War he was commissioned brigadier general, November 12th, 1861, and major general of volunteers, July 18th, 1862; led a brigade under General Burnside in the taking of Roanoke Island, N. C., February 8th, 1862; was engaged under General Pope at Manassas and Chantilly, Va. At Turner's Gap in South Mountain, Md., he repelled the Confederates under Lee, and after being in action all day he was killed in the evening of September 14th, 1862." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Jesse L. Reno

"General Reno, born in Wheeling, W. Va., June 20th, 1823, died on South Mountain, Md., September 14th,…

"Shelling of a Confederate camp on the Potomac by Lieutenant Tompkins, of the First Rhode Island battery. Lieutenant Tompkins, of the First Rhode Island Artillery, observing on the other side of the Potomac a Confederate camp, fixed one of his guns, and after one or two trials got the range so perfectly that they fled in the greatest confusion." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Shelling of Confederate Camp

"Shelling of a Confederate camp on the Potomac by Lieutenant Tompkins, of the First Rhode Island battery.…

"Battle of Carrick's Ford, Western Virginia- discovery of the body of General Garnett, by Major Gordon and Colonel Dumont, after the battle. After the Confederates had crossed the fourth ford General Garnett again endeavored to rally his men, standing waving his hand on an exposed point near the river bank, by his side only one young man (Chaplet), wearing the uniform of the Georgia Sharpshooters. Three of Dumont's men fired at the same time, and Garnett and his companion fell at the first round. The men rushed across, and on turning the body discovered that the Confederate leader of Western Virginia had paid the penalty; he was shot through the heart. Major Gordon, U.S.A., closed his eyes reverently, and Colonel Dumont, coming up, had him carried into a grove close by, where they laid him down, taking care of his sword and watch, to be sent with his body to his family." —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Corrick's Ford

"Battle of Carrick's Ford, Western Virginia- discovery of the body of General Garnett, by Major Gordon…

"Battle of White Oak Swamp Bridge, Monday June 30th, 1862- Ayres's, Mott's and Randall's batteries checking the advance of the Confederates. After the battle of Savage's Station the Federals continued on their retreat, and by eight o'clock on the morning of June 30th, 1862, they had crossed White Oak Swamp and Creek, after destroying the bridge over the latter and warding off the repeated attacks to which they were subjected throughout the night. After crossing White Oak Creek the Federals had quickly formed a new line of battle at Willis Church, General Hancock's forces being on the extreme right, while Porter's occupied the left, and Heintzelman's and Sumner's the intervening space. Jackson's advance was checked by the destruction of the bridge, and when he reached the creek, at about noon, he found the approaches well defended by artillery. Jackson opened upon Hancock's troops, and made repeated efforts to rebuild the bridge under cover of his heavy artillery, but he was every time repulsed. While this was going on Longstreet and Hill had come upon a Federal force at a place two miles away, called Frazier's Farm. Here stood Sumner and Hooker, on the extreme right, McCall somewhat in advance toward the centre and Kearny on the extreme left. When Longstreet found this force arrayed against him he waited for re-enforcements to come up, and it was four o'clock when he commenced the attack. McCall's left was first assailed by Kenper's brigade, which was met by the Pennsylvania Reserves under Colonel Simmons, who, after a bitter conflict, drove the Confederates into the woods with a loss of 250 killed and wounded and about 200 prisoners. Fresh troops then enabled the Confederates to drive back the Federals, who in turn lost heavily. Longstreet and Hill now pressed on, and the conflict became a severe one along the entire front. One point, then another, was vainly tried in the determined effort to break the Federal line. At length Wilcox's Alabama Brigade rushed across an open field upon McCall's left, directly against Randall's battery, which centered upon the Confederates a most galling fire. Nothing daunted, they moved on, and finally engaging in a desperate hand-to-hand fight, first captured Cooper's battery, and afterward Randall's battery, which had been doing such terrible execution. A charge was then ordered for the recapture of the guns. The Confederates bravely met the severe attacks that followed. A still more desperate hand-to-hand struggle took place for the possession of the lost batteries, which were finally recaptured. By dark the Confederates had retired into the woods, and the Federals remained on that portion of the field which they had lost earlier in the action. The Federal loss was about 1,800 killed and wounded, whilst that of the Confederates was over 2,000. Colonel Simmons and General Meade were both severely wounded, while General McCall was a made prisoner." —Leslie, 1896

Battle of White Oak Swamp Bridge

"Battle of White Oak Swamp Bridge, Monday June 30th, 1862- Ayres's, Mott's and Randall's batteries checking…

"Section of Fort Runyon, Va., guarding the road to Alexandria, occupied by the Twenty-first Regiment, New York Volunteers, August 1861. For Runyon, named after the commander of the New Jersey Regiments which were formerly stationed there, entirely commanded the road to Alexandria. Our sketch shows the battery erected on this important point. The spot was a most picturesque one, commanding a splendid view all around, the background being the Potomac and Washington." —Leslie, 1896

Fort Runyon

"Section of Fort Runyon, Va., guarding the road to Alexandria, occupied by the Twenty-first Regiment,…

"Practicing with the celebrated Sawyer gun on the Confederate batteries at Swell's Point, near Norfolk, Va., from Fort Calhoun, on the Ripraps, infront of Fortress Monroe. The Ripraps, on w hich Fort Calhoun was erected, was in advance of Fortress Monroe, being between it and Sewell's Point, and was an important position, as with guns of a proper calibre it could completely command and destroy the enemy's battery at Sewell's Point. General Butler gave special attention to this point, and various kinds of ordinances were experimented with, the Sawyer rifled cannon and the Hotchkiss shell having been proved the most complete and effective." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Sawyer gun

"Practicing with the celebrated Sawyer gun on the Confederate batteries at Swell's Point, near Norfolk,…

"Landing state prisoners at Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, in 1861. Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, by the state prison of the republic during the Civil War, is built upn a shoal abut four hundred yards from Long Island, and is entirely surrounded by water. In shape it is quadrangular, with the angles pointing to the sea and shore diamondwise; hence it was formerly called Fort Diamond." —Leslie, 1896

State Prisoners at Fort Lafayette

"Landing state prisoners at Fort Lafayette, New York harbor, in 1861. Fort Lafayette, New York harbor,…

"A reconnoitring detachment of General Banks's cavalry, Hyattstown, Md., in the distance. There are few sights more picturesque than a detachment of cavalry winding along the road to some quiet little village. Nature and man seem then so little in harmony that the contradiction becomes strikingly attractive. Our illustration represents a scene of this kind- a detachment of Federal cavalry, sent by order of General Banks, reconnoitring in the neighborhood of Hyattstown, a post village of Montgomery County, Md., and situated on Bennett's Creek, about thirty-six miles to the northwest of Washington." —Leslie, 1896

Cavalry of General Banks

"A reconnoitring detachment of General Banks's cavalry, Hyattstown, Md., in the distance. There are…

"The United States gunboat <em>Mohawk</em> chasing the Confederate steamer <em>Spray</em> into the St. Mark's River." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Mohawk

"The United States gunboat Mohawk chasing the Confederate steamer Spray into the St.…

"Bombardment of Fort Henry, Tennessee River, Tenn., by the Mississippi Flotilla, Flag Officer Foote, February 6th, 1862. Flag Officer Foote's official report- United States Flagship Cincinatti, off Fort Henry, Tennessee River, February 6th, 1862: 'The gunboats under my command- the <em>Essex</em>, Commander Porter; the <em>Carondelet</em>, Commander Walker; the <em>Cincinnati</em>, Commander Stembel; the <em>St. Louis</em>, Lieutenant Commanding Paulding; the <em>Conestoga</em>, Lieutenant Commanding Phelps; the <em>Taylor</em>, Lieutenant Commanding Gwin; and the <em>Lexington</em>, Lieutenant Commanding Shirk. After a severe and rapid fire of one hour and a quarter, have captured Fort Henry and have taken General Lloyd Tilghman and his staff as prisoners. The surrender to the gunboats was unconditional, as we kept an open fire upon the enemy until their flag was struck. In half an hour after the surrender I handed the fort and the prisoners over to General Grant, commanding the army, on his arrival at the fort in force. The <em>Essex</em> had a shot in her boiler, after fighting most effectually for two thirds of the action, and was obliged to drop down the river. She, with the other gunboats, officers and men, fought with the greatest gallantry. The <em>Cincinnati</em> received thirty-one shots and had one man killed and eight wounded, two seriously. The fort, with twenty guns and seventeen mortars, was defended by General Tilghman with the most determined gallantry.'" —Leslie, 1896

Bombardment of Fort Henry

"Bombardment of Fort Henry, Tennessee River, Tenn., by the Mississippi Flotilla, Flag Officer Foote,…

"Ship Island, near the mouth of the Mississippi- United States war steamer "Mississippi" firing on a Confederate steamer." —Leslie, 1896

Ship Island

"Ship Island, near the mouth of the Mississippi- United States war steamer "Mississippi" firing on a…

"General Asboth and staff at the Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark., March 6th-8th, 1862. The gallantry displayed by General Asboth in the victory of Pea Ridge gives great interest to the spirited sketch of himself and staff which we present to our readers. Among the officers in the sketch were Acting Brigadier General Albert, Brigade Quartermaster McKay, the young commander of the Fremont Hussars, Major George E. Waring, Jr., from New York city, formerly major of the Garibaldi Guards, and the general's aids-de-camp, Gillen and Kroll, etc. Among General Asboth's most constant attendants was his favorite dog, York, a splendid speciment of the St. Bernard species." —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Pea Ridge

"General Asboth and staff at the Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark., March 6th-8th, 1862. The gallantry displayed…

"Battle of Roanoke Island, February 8th, 1862- decisive bayonet charge of the Ninth New York Volunteers (Hawkins's Zouaves), on the three gun battery." —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Roanoke Island

"Battle of Roanoke Island, February 8th, 1862- decisive bayonet charge of the Ninth New York Volunteers…

"The Burnside Expedition- melancholy deaths of Colonel J. W. Allen, Surgeon Waller and the Second Mate of the <em>Ann E. Thompson</em>, on January 15th, 1862, near Hatteras Inlet." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Burnside Expedition

"The Burnside Expedition- melancholy deaths of Colonel J. W. Allen, Surgeon Waller and the Second Mate…

"Loss of the <em>Monitor</em>- gallant attempt of the officers and crew of the United States steamer <em>Rhode Island</em>, to rescue the crew of the <em>Monitor</em>, off Cape Hatteras, at midnight, December 30th 1862. The closing day of 1862 will always be a dark one in our history, for just on the threshold of its birth the pet monster of our ironclads went down off Hatteras, with our flag flying on its tower, and in the midst of a furious storm. Its sudden and unlooked-for fate recalled to every mind that memorable Sunday in March when it signalized its advent to war by driving back to its Norfolk retreat the terrible <em>Merrimac</em>." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Monitor

"Loss of the Monitor- gallant attempt of the officers and crew of the United States steamer…

"A detachment of United States sailors from the gunboats <em>Albatross</em> and <em>Gemsbok</em> burning the contraband vessel <em>York</em>. Mouth of Rogue's inlet, near Beaufort, N. C., January 23rd, 1862." —Leslie, 1896

Burning of York

"A detachment of United States sailors from the gunboats Albatross and Gemsbok burning…

"Engagement between the United States gunboats, commanded by Commodore Davis, and the Confederate Mosquito Fleet, under Commodore Tatnall, near Fort Pulaski, Savannah River, January 28th, 1862. Our artist described this spirited sketch as follows: 'On Monday night Lieutenant Barnes was dispatched in the <em>Ottawa's</em> gig to scout up the creek and report. Passing the piles with ease, he pulled silently up the stream with muffled oars, and with no opposition succeeded in reaching the mouth of the creek where it enters the Savannah River. He came upon the fleet of Tatnall lying there, and approached near enough to see the watch on deck. As he was too near them in case they discovered him, and as he had accomplished the object of reconnoisance, he returned and reported the facts to Captain Davis. On Tuesday forenoon Tatnall's fleet was again discovered standing down the Savannah. We beat to quarters, and when the flagship had got within range we opened on her with an eleven-inch gun from the <em>Ottawa</em>. The signal for action having been given, the gunboats opened fire. The Confederates returned a few shots, which fell short. The engagement lasted nearly two hours, during which time the Confederate Flagship was struck three times, seriously damaging her. One eleven-inch shell struck her on her wheelhouse, and so much disabled her as to compel the commander to signal for assistance, and one steamer turned round and went to her aid. The other three steamed down toward Fort Pulaski faster than they ever went before.'" &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Gunboat engagement

"Engagement between the United States gunboats, commanded by Commodore Davis, and the Confederate Mosquito…

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General Banks, March 25th, 1862. Towns which had hitherto remained buried in obscurity and pleasant foilage were suddenly converted into places of national importance. Strasburg, through whose rural streets the resounding tramp of two hostile armies had passed, was a post village of Shenandoah County, Va., on the north fork of Shenandoah River and on the Manassas Gap Railroad, eighteen miles southwest of Winchester. It had three churches and a population of about eight hundred persons. It was occupied by General Banks's division of the Federal army immediately after the battle of Winchester." —Leslie, 1896

View of Strasburg

"View of the town of Strasburg, valley of the Shenandoah, occupied by the Federal forces under General…

"Delaware Indians acting as scouts for the Federal army in the West. General Fremont, on taking command in the West in 1861, while he shrank from employing the Indians as soldiers, saw the advantage of using them as scouts, and for this purpose organized a band of them, selecting only the most reliable, robust and best characterized. They soon made their value known by the early intelligence they brought of the enemy's movements. Some of them were also employed by General Grant." —Leslie, 1896

Delaware Indians

"Delaware Indians acting as scouts for the Federal army in the West. General Fremont, on taking command…

"Gathering of Fremont's troops on the prairie, near Tipton, Mo., on the eve of its departure in pursuit of General Price." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

Freemont's troops

"Gathering of Fremont's troops on the prairie, near Tipton, Mo., on the eve of its departure in pursuit…

"Jefferson City, capital of Missouri. The arrival of General Fremont's division, September 26th, 1861. Our sketch of Jefferson City was taken from the southern side of Missouri, and shows the Capitol in bold relief. The railroad runs along the side of the river to Tipton and Sedalia, at both of which places General Fremont established camps and concentrated a large force preparatory to crossing the Osage in pursuit of General Sterling Price." —Leslie, 1896

Jefferson City, Missouri

"Jefferson City, capital of Missouri. The arrival of General Fremont's division, September 26th, 1861.…

"General Banks's headquarters near Edward's Ferry, Md." —Leslie, 1896

Headquarters of Banks

"General Banks's headquarters near Edward's Ferry, Md." —Leslie, 1896

"Camp Wool, two miles from Fort Clark, Hatteras Island, occupied by Hawkins's Zouaves, Ninth Regiment, New York Volunteers, in October, 1861. Camp Wool, which was occupied by the New York Ninth Regiment of Volunteers, was about two miles from Fort Hatteras, and situated on the Pamlico side of the island, in order to be partially sheltered from the Atlantic gales. Besides, as any sudden attack must come from the sound, it put the troops in a better spot to keep a bright look out. The Ninth Zouaves were in an excellent state of discipline, and reflected great credit upon their colonel, Rush Hawkins, who fought his way bravely through the Mexican war. It numbered one thousand and forty-six men. Until the unfortunate capture of the <em>Fanny</em>, it had not lost a single man, although it had been engaged in numerous skirmishes with the Confederates at Newport News." —Leslie, 1896

Camp Wool

"Camp Wool, two miles from Fort Clark, Hatteras Island, occupied by Hawkins's Zouaves, Ninth Regiment,…

"Battle at Dam No. 4, Potomac River, between Butterfield's brigade and a large Confederate force. A desperate and disastrous action occurred on the banks of the Potomac, at Dam No. 4. General Butterfield's brigade, consisting of the Forty-fourth New York, Seventeenth New York, Eighteenth Massachusetts and One Hundred and Eighteenth Pennsylvania, were ordered to make a reconnoissance on the Virginia side. Crossing over at Dam No. 4, which is about six miles northwest in a straight line from Sharpsburg, and eight south from Williamsport, they had hardly landed when a most murderous fire was opened upon them from an entire division of the Confederate army, every volley of which told, as they had the Federals completely under range. The Federals made a desperate resistance, but they were compelled to retire before superior numbers, and retreated in moderate order across the river." —Leslie, 1896

Battle at Dam No. 4

"Battle at Dam No. 4, Potomac River, between Butterfield's brigade and a large Confederate force. A…

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis in front of the fortifications near Green River. Our correspondent reports of this battle: 'At five o'clock the Confederates were seen forming in front of our rifle pits, and soon, from the cover of the woods and abatis, began the engagement by a rapid fire of musketry. It was plainly seen that a disposition of our men was being made by Colonel Wilder to repel the attack anticipated on the left, and, thinking it a favorable hour, the Confederate force made a desperate assault on our right. This was made by a Mississippi and a Georgia regiment. The assault was led by the colonel of the Mississippi regiment, and he died for his daring. The major of the same regiment was wounded and taken prisoner. The newly formed Confederate right marched from the woods in splendid order, with ranks apparently full. When they appeared over the brow of the hill it was at a double-quick; all pushed on with desperate courage, to meet resistance not the less desperate. With grape from the artillery and a shower of balls from the musketry they were met and moved down; but they never faltered; and it was only when they sprang on the breastworks and were met with the bayonet that they fell back, leaving the field strewn with their dead and dying. After a momentary struggle on the breastworks the whole Confederate force broke into disorder and fled from the field.'" —Leslie, 1896

Battle of Munfordville

"Battle of Munfordville, Ky., Sunday, September 14th, 1862- the Confederates charging through the abatis…

"General Milroy, born in Washington County, Ind., June 11th, 1816, was graduated at Norwich University, Vt., in 1843, and served in the Mexican War as captain in the First Indiana Volunteers. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849, and in 1850 was graduated at the law department of Indiana University. At the beginning of the Civil War he issued a call for volunteers, and was made a captain, becoming colonel of the Ninth Indiana Volunteers, April 26th, 1861. He served in Western Virginia under McClellan and Rosecrans, receiving a commission as brigadier general on February 6th, 1862, and thereafter continued in various commands in Virginia, under Fremont and Sigel, until March 11th, 1863, when he was made major general of volunteers. In this capacity he had charge of the Second Division of the Eighth Army Corps, and was stationed at Winchester, Va. Here, on June 15th, 1863, he was attacked by nearly the whole of Lee's army, which was marching toward Pennsylvania. General Milroy resisted this superior force for three days, and then cut his way out by night, losing a large portion of his forces. He resigned from the army in 1865." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Robert H. Milroy

"General Milroy, born in Washington County, Ind., June 11th, 1816, was graduated at Norwich University,…

"General Berry, born in Thomaston (now Rockland), Me., August 27th, 1824, died at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2nd, 1863. He originated and commanded for several years the Rockland Guard, a volunteer company, which attained a very high reputation for drill and discipline. At the beginning of the Civil War he entered the service as colonel of the Fourth Maine Infantry. He took part in the battle of Bull Run and the siege of Yorktown, was made a brigadier general, April 4th, 1862, and was given command of the Third Brigade of the Third Division of Heintzelman's Third Army Corps. He was present at the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks, bore a conspicuous part in the Seven Days' fight, and was in the second Bull Run campaign and Chantilly. In January, 1863, he was nominated by the President as major general of volunteers, with rank dating from November 29th, 1862, confirmed by the Senate on March 9th, 1863, and placed in command of the Second Division of the Third Army Corps, succeeding General Sickles. At the battle of Chancellorsville he headed one of his brigades in several successful bayonet charges, and in one of them was killed by a shot from the enemy." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Hiram G. Berry

"General Berry, born in Thomaston (now Rockland), Me., August 27th, 1824, died at Chancellorsville,…

"General Bayard, born in Seneca Falls, N. Y., December 18th 1835, died December 14th, 1862, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1856. He was assigned to the First Cavalry. Four years were passed in frontier and garrison duty. He was severely wounded in a fight with the Kiowa Indians. In 1861 he was promoted to first lieutenant in Third Cavalry; captain, Fourth Cavalry, August 20th; and was granted leave of absence to become colonel of the First Pennsylvania Cavalry Volunteers, September 14th, 1861. He became brigadier general of volunteers, April 28th, 1862, and served in the arduous campaigns of the Shenandoah, Northern Virginia, and on the Rappahannock, distinguishing himself by the dash and bravery of his reconnoissances. He was mortally wounded at Fredericksburg, December 13th, 1862, and died the following day. He was buried with military honors at Princeton, N. J." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General George D. Bayard

"General Bayard, born in Seneca Falls, N. Y., December 18th 1835, died December 14th, 1862, was graduated…

"General Augur, born in New York in 1821, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1843. During the Mexican War he served as aid-de-camp to General Hopping, and after his death to General Caleb Cushing. He was promoted captain, August 1st, 1852, and served with distinction in a campaign against the Indians in Oregon in 1856. On May 14th, 1861, he was appointed major in the Thirteenth Infantry, and was for a time commandant of cadets at West Point. In November of that year he was commissioned a brigadier general of volunteers, and joined McDowell's corps. In July, 1862, he was assigned to a division under Banks, and in the battle of Cedar Mountain was severely wounded. He was promoted major general of volunteers, August 9th, 1862, and in November joined his corps and took part in the Louisiana campaign. He was breveted brigadier-general in the United States Army, March 13th, 1865, receiving on the same date the brevet of major-general for services in the field during the rebellion." &mdash;Leslie, 1896

General Christopher C. Augur

"General Augur, born in New York in 1821, was graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1843.…

"Conrad's Ferry, Md., above Harrison's Island, on the Potomac River, the place of passage of Colonel Baker's Regiment, October 21st, 1861. Conrad's Ferry is situated on the Maryland side of the Upper Potomac, about five miles above Edward's Ferry. It was in possession of the Federal troops. It commands a view of Harrison's Island, the scene of so much disaster at the battle of Ball's Bluff, and is immediately opposite to Leesburg Heights, the town of Leesburg being about five miles from the Ferry, on the south side of the Potomac." —Leslie, 1896

Conrad's Ferry

"Conrad's Ferry, Md., above Harrison's Island, on the Potomac River, the place of passage of Colonel…

"'Fresh Bread!'- Impromptu oven built by the Nineteenth Regiment, New York Volunteers, in General Banks's division, Western Maryland. The impromptu oven which we illustrate testified to the Federal cleverness, and ministered to the wants of the brave defenders of the Union. The regiment undoubtedly contained men whose means gave them every epicurean indulgence; but we question if any French bread, fresh butter, with all the appliances of Delmonico, ever tasted so sweet as the newly baked bread they got from the primitive oven." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Oven

"'Fresh Bread!'- Impromptu oven built by the Nineteenth Regiment, New York Volunteers, in General Banks's…