General view, in part schematic, of the volcanic massif of the Mezenc.

Volcanic Massif of the Mezenc

General view, in part schematic, of the volcanic massif of the Mezenc.

General view, in part schematic, of the "Bassin du Puy" and the "Chaine du Velay" or "Chaine du Deves," Central France.

Bassin du Puy

General view, in part schematic, of the "Bassin du Puy" and the "Chaine du Velay" or "Chaine du Deves,"…

A typical foraminiferal shell shaped more or less like a football in form (diagrammatical view).

Schwagerina Verbecki

A typical foraminiferal shell shaped more or less like a football in form (diagrammatical view).

"Cartilaginous Cranium of the Pike (Esox lucius), with its intrinsic ossifications. A, top view; 3, small ossifications in the rostrum; N, N, nasal fossae; I Or, interorbital septum; Eth, ethmoid; Prf, Ptf, prefrontal and postfrontal; EpO, epiotic; OpO, opisthotic; Pt, pteriotic; EO, exoccipital." -Whitney, 1911

Pike Cranium

"Cartilaginous Cranium of the Pike (Esox lucius), with its intrinsic ossifications. A, top view; 3,…

"Cartilaginous Cranium of the Pike (Esox lucius), with its intrinsic ossifications. B, side view: V, VII, exits of trigeminal and of pneumogastric nerves; 3, small ossifications in the rostrum; I Or, interorbital septum; Eth, ethmoid; Prf, Ptf, prefrontal and postfrontal; PrO, proötic; EpO, epiotic; OpO, opisthotic; Pt, pteriotic; EO, exoccipital; BO, basioccipital; BS, basisphenoid; AS, alisphenoid." -Whitney, 1911

Pike Cranium

"Cartilaginous Cranium of the Pike (Esox lucius), with its intrinsic ossifications. B, side view: V,…

Hydrozoa (hydrozoans) are a taxonomic class of very small, predatory animals which can be solitary or colonial and which mostly live in saltwater. A few genera within this class live in freshwater. Hydrozoans are related to jellyfish and corals and belong to the phylum Cnidaria.

Hydrozoa Encrusting a Small Shell

Hydrozoa (hydrozoans) are a taxonomic class of very small, predatory animals which can be solitary or…

Colonial, plant-like animals closely related to jellyfish, with stinging cells, Any member of the invertebrate order Hydroida (class Hydrozoa, phylum Cnidaria). Hydroids have three basic life-cycle stages: (1) a tiny free-swimming planula larva about 1 mm (0.04 inch) long, which settles and grows into (2) a sessile (attached), usually colonial hydroid stage, which in turn liberates (3) medusa.

Medusa of a Hydroid

Colonial, plant-like animals closely related to jellyfish, with stinging cells, Any member of the invertebrate…

Thomas Cranmer (2 July 1489 – 21 March 1556) was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI. He helped build a favourable case for Henry's divorce from Catherine of Aragon which resulted in the separation of the English Church from union with the Holy See. Along with Thomas Cromwell, he supported the principle of royal supremacy in which the king was considered sovereign over the Church within his realm.

Thomas Cranmer

Thomas Cranmer (2 July 1489 – 21 March 1556) was a leader of the English Reformation and Archbishop…

Ammonite, side view. Where the shell has been partly worn away near the aperture, the complex "suture line" is shown.

Ammonite

Ammonite, side view. Where the shell has been partly worn away near the aperture, the complex "suture…

A cross sectional view of a bell.

Cross Section of a Bell

A cross sectional view of a bell.

A common form of brittle star, dorsal view.

Brittle Star

A common form of brittle star, dorsal view.

"A pelagic family of radioflagellate infusorians, typified by the genus Euchitonia. The animalcules are free-floating." -Whitney, 1911

Euchitonia

"A pelagic family of radioflagellate infusorians, typified by the genus Euchitonia. The animalcules…

"A pipe of this nature fitted with a piece of glass so as to exhibit the reed (which is a "free reed") is shown in [the illustration]. Q is the wind-chest of the bellows, into which P is fitted. In the right-hand figure the upper part of the pope is removed, so as to show the reed more clearly. A plate of metal c c, has a slit but in it, in which the tongue I may just past. By means of a curved wire, r, projecting above the top of the pipe, and the play of the tongue may be controlled and the pipe tuned. The conical pipe, H, placed at the top, serves to increase the power of the sound". -Benson, 1891

Reed

"A pipe of this nature fitted with a piece of glass so as to exhibit the reed (which is a "free reed")…

The blueprints of "The Adele" clearly show the large bay window in the dining area. There is also a large front porch and a smaller porch extending off the back of the house. In 1917, this house cost about $2,400 to build.

"The Adele" Floor Plans

The blueprints of "The Adele" clearly show the large bay window in the dining area. There is also a…

The floor plan of this three story Queen Anne Victorian style house shows the openness of this large house. This view also reveals a small back porch called a sloop. The directionality of the stairs indicate that a basement was also included with this house. In 1917, this house cost between $4,300 and $4,500 to build.

"The Asbury" Floor Plans

The floor plan of this three story Queen Anne Victorian style house shows the openness of this large…

The floor plan shows more detail on the interior of the house. From this view can be seen the large bay window that protrudes from the dining room. There is a fireplace in the parlor. The kitchen has a large walk-in pantry attached. The three bedrooms are all located on the second floor. The master chamber includes an alcove to provide more space than the other rooms along with a walk-in closet. In 1917, this house cost between $2,800 and $3,000 to build depending on the locality.

"The Atlantic" Floor Plans

The floor plan shows more detail on the interior of the house. From this view can be seen the large…

The entrance to this house is labeled a vestibule, to elicit a sense of grandeur. The round tower can be clearly seen from this perspective. A fireplace is situated at the base of the tower in the parlor room. The sitting room contains a large bay window, as well a fireplace. The dining room also has a bay window, although this one is much rounder. The kitchen is situated at the back of the house and exits to a small back porch. An elegant stair case can be found at the front of the house that leads all the way to the third floor. A smaller staircase is located in the kitchen and stops at the second floor. On the second floor there are four large chambers, three with closets, and a single bathroom. In 1917, this large house cost between $4,000 and $4,250 to build depending on the locality.

"The Badenoch" Floor Plans

The entrance to this house is labeled a vestibule, to elicit a sense of grandeur. The round tower can…

The Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) is a large pinniped in the Otariidae family of eared seals. It is also known as the northern sea lion with the synonym Eumetopias stelleri.

Steller Sea Lion

The Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubatus) is a large pinniped in the Otariidae family of eared seals.…

The dorsal view of Eurypterus remipes, an extinct sea scorpion from the Silurian period.

Dorsal View of Sea Scorpion

The dorsal view of Eurypterus remipes, an extinct sea scorpion from the Silurian period.

The Australian Roller (Eurystomas pacificus) is an Old World bird in the Coraciidae family.

Australian Roller on Branch

The Australian Roller (Eurystomas pacificus) is an Old World bird in the Coraciidae family.

The dorsal view of the Ensign Wasp (Evania laevigata), an insect in the Evaniidae family.

Dorsal View of Ensign Wasp

The dorsal view of the Ensign Wasp (Evania laevigata), an insect in the Evaniidae family.

The dorsal view of the Ground Beetle (Evarthrus orbatus), an insect in the Carabidae family of carabid beetles.

Dorsal View of Ground Beetle

The dorsal view of the Ground Beetle (Evarthrus orbatus), an insect in the Carabidae family of carabid…

This six dollar bill is an example of Continental paper money of the United colonies issued in 1776.

Continental Paper Money

This six dollar bill is an example of Continental paper money of the United colonies issued in 1776.

"Irrigation by means of check levees for orchards on sloping hillsides (sectional view)." -Department of Agriculture

Irrigation with Check Levees

"Irrigation by means of check levees for orchards on sloping hillsides (sectional view)." -Department…

"Irrigation by means of terraces on steep hillsides (sectional view)." -Department of Agriculture

Irrigation with Terraces

"Irrigation by means of terraces on steep hillsides (sectional view)." -Department of Agriculture

Aerial view of Vera Cruz, Mexico in 1847 showing buildings and the mountainous horizon.

Mexican City of Vera Cruz in 1847

Aerial view of Vera Cruz, Mexico in 1847 showing buildings and the mountainous horizon.

A company's bill for dry goods with a breakdown of costs and a note of receipt at the bottom.

Receipted Bill for Dry Goods

A company's bill for dry goods with a breakdown of costs and a note of receipt at the bottom.

An illustration of a young boy looking at a globe.

Boy Looking at Globe

An illustration of a young boy looking at a globe.

An illustration of a oyster shell. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of bivalve mollusks, most of which live in marine habitats or brackish water. The shell consists of two usually highly calcified valves which surround a soft body. Gills filter plankton from the water, and strong adductor muscles are used to hold the shell closed.

Oyster Shell

An illustration of a oyster shell. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of…

An illustration of a oyster shell. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of bivalve mollusks, most of which live in marine habitats or brackish water. The shell consists of two usually highly calcified valves which surround a soft body. Gills filter plankton from the water, and strong adductor muscles are used to hold the shell closed.

Oyster Shell

An illustration of a oyster shell. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of…

An illustration of a oyster shell. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of bivalve mollusks, most of which live in marine habitats or brackish water. The shell consists of two usually highly calcified valves which surround a soft body. Gills filter plankton from the water, and strong adductor muscles are used to hold the shell closed.

Oyster Shell

An illustration of a oyster shell. The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of…

Wilhelm II (27 January 1859 – 4 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia (German: Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen), ruling both the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia from 15 June 1888 to 9 November 1918.

German Emperor Wilhelm II

Wilhelm II (27 January 1859 – 4 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia (German:…

"A promissory note, or a note, is a written promise on the part of one person to pay another certain sum of money on demand or at a certain specified future time." -Moore, 1907

Promissory Note

"A promissory note, or a note, is a written promise on the part of one person to pay another certain…

"A sight draft is one drawn payable "at sight"; that is, when it is presented to the drawee for payment." -Moore, 1907

Sight Draft

"A sight draft is one drawn payable "at sight"; that is, when it is presented to the drawee for payment."…

"A bank draft is an order written by one bank directing another bank to pay a specified sum of money to a third party, or to his order." -Moore, 1907

Bank Draft

"A bank draft is an order written by one bank directing another bank to pay a specified sum of money…

"A check is an order on a bank by a depositor for the payment of money; except that it is drawn by a person, it is very much like a bank draft." -Moore, 1907

Personal Check

"A check is an order on a bank by a depositor for the payment of money; except that it is drawn by a…

"Human Eye, in Median Vertical Anteroposterior Section. (Ciliary processes shown, through not all lying in this section.) A, anterior, and A', posterior chambers of aqueous humor; a, central artery of retina; C, cornea; Ch, choroid; cj, conjunctiva; cm, ciliary muscle; cp, ciliary processs; H, hyaloid; I, iris; L, crystalline lens in its capsule (the reference-line passes through the pupil); l, l', insertion of tendon of superior and inferior rectus muscles; o, optic nerve; P, canal of Petit; R, retina; S, sclerotic; s, s', circular sinus or canal of Schlemm; V, vitreous body filling back part of the eye." -Whitney, 1911

Median Vertical Anteroposterior Section of Eye

"Human Eye, in Median Vertical Anteroposterior Section. (Ciliary processes shown, through not all lying…

The side view of the compound eye of the housefly.

Compound Eye of Housefly

The side view of the compound eye of the housefly.

The obverse and reverse sides of the fanam, a small silver coin used in Madras, India.

Obverse and Reverse Sides of Fanam of Madras

The obverse and reverse sides of the fanam, a small silver coin used in Madras, India.

The obverse and reverse sides of the farthing depicting Charles II. The farthing was an English coin equal to one quarter of a penny.

Obverse and Reverse Sides of Farthing of Charles II

The obverse and reverse sides of the farthing depicting Charles II. The farthing was an English coin…

"Anterior View of Human Right Femur. ec, external condyle; etu, external tuberosity; ic, internal condyle; itu, internal tuberosity; ltr, lesser trochanter; gtr, great trochanter; h, head; n, neck." -Whitney, 1911

Anterior View of Human Right Femur

"Anterior View of Human Right Femur. ec, external condyle; etu, external tuberosity; ic, internal condyle;…

"Posterior View of Left Femur of a Horse. h, head; gtr, great trochanter; ttr, third trochanter; ltr, lesser trochanter; p, pit for round ligament; itf, intertrochanteric fossa; d, a depression or fossa; etu, itu, external and internal tuberosities; cc, the two condyles." -Whitney, 1911

Posterior View of Left Femur of Horse

"Posterior View of Left Femur of a Horse. h, head; gtr, great trochanter; ttr, third trochanter; ltr,…

"One of an order of beings, the life-principles or geniuses or tutelary spirits of living beings, believed in and reverenced by the ancient Persians, adherents of the Zoroastrian religion. (Also) a name given ... to a symbol seen on monuments of ancient Persian origin, representing a winged circle, with or without a manlike figure in it, hovering over the head of a king or other person, and believed by some to represent his tutelary spirit." -Whitney, 1911

Feloher from Nineveh

"One of an order of beings, the life-principles or geniuses or tutelary spirits of living beings, believed…

An illustration of three coins.

Coins

An illustration of three coins.

An illustration of an adult guard holding bags of money.

Guard Holding Bags

An illustration of an adult guard holding bags of money.

Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall (c. 1284 – 19 June 1312) was the favorite, and possibly lover, of King Edward II of England. A Gascon by birth, Piers was the son of Sir Arnaud de Gabaston, a soldier in service to King Edward I of England. Arnaud had been used as a hostage by Edward twice; on the second occasion, Arnaud escaped captivity, and fled to England with his son. Both then entered the royal household, where Gaveston behaved so well and so virtuously that the King declared him an example for his own son, Prince Edward.

Piers Gaveston

Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall (c. 1284 – 19 June 1312) was the favorite, and possibly lover,…

Samuel Pepys, FRS (23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English naval administrator and Member of Parliament, who is now most famous for his diary. Although Pepys had no maritime experience, he rose by patronage, hard work and his talent for administration, to be the Chief Secretary to the Admiralty under King James II. His influence and reforms at the Admiralty were important in the early professionalization of the Royal Navy.

Samuel Pepys

Samuel Pepys, FRS (23 February 1633 – 26 May 1703) was an English naval administrator and Member…

George IV or George Augustus Frederick (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death. He had earlier served as The Prince Regent when his father, George III, suffered from a relapse into insanity from an illness that is now suspected to have been porphyria. The Regency, George's nine-year tenure as Prince Regent, which commenced in 1811 and ended with George III's death in 1820, was marked by victory in the Napoleonic Wars in Europe.

George IV

George IV or George Augustus Frederick (12 August 1762 – 26 June 1830) was king of the United…

Beau Brummell, né George Bryan Brummell (7 June 1778, London, England – 30 March 1840, Caen, France), was the arbiter of men's fashion in Regency England and a friend of the Prince Regent, the future King George IV. He established the mode of men wearing understated, but fitted, beautifully cut clothes including dark suits and full length trousers, adorned with an elaborately-knotted cravat.

George Bryan Brummell

Beau Brummell, né George Bryan Brummell (7 June 1778, London, England – 30 March 1840,…

Bird's eye view of about 2 square miles of terminal moraine. Lakes shown by horizontal shading; swamps are dotted.

Terminal Moraines

Bird's eye view of about 2 square miles of terminal moraine. Lakes shown by horizontal shading; swamps…

"The English name of a gold coin weighing about 55 grains, first issued at Florence in 1252, and having on the obverse a lily and the word 'Florentia.'" -Whitney, 1911

Obverse and Reverse Sides of Gold Florin

"The English name of a gold coin weighing about 55 grains, first issued at Florence in 1252, and having…

A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause characters to be printed on a medium, usually paper. For much of the 20th century, typewriters were indispensable tools for many professional writers and in business offices. By the end of the 1980s, word processor applications on personal computers had largely replaced the tasks previously accomplished with typewriters. Typewriters, however, remain popular in the developing world and among some niche markets, and for some office tasks.

Typewriter

A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause…

A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause characters to be printed on a medium, usually paper. For much of the 20th century, typewriters were indispensable tools for many professional writers and in business offices. By the end of the 1980s, word processor applications on personal computers had largely replaced the tasks previously accomplished with typewriters. Typewriters, however, remain popular in the developing world and among some niche markets, and for some office tasks.

Open Typewriter

A typewriter is a mechanical or electromechanical device with a set of "keys" that, when pressed, cause…

An illustration of a jaunting car; The Irish form of the sprung cart, called a jaunting car or jaunty car, was a light, horse-drawn, two-wheeled open vehicle with seats placed lengthwise, either face to face or back to back.

Jaunting Car

An illustration of a jaunting car; The Irish form of the sprung cart, called a jaunting car or jaunty…

An illustration of Robin Hood holding a money bag.

Robin Hood

An illustration of Robin Hood holding a money bag.

The European Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) is a small passerine bird in the Muscicapidae family of Old World Flycatchers. Its former synonym was Muscicapa atricapilla.

European Pied Flycatcher

The European Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) is a small passerine bird in the Muscicapidae family…

Diagrammatic view, from above, of a seismograph.

Seismograph

Diagrammatic view, from above, of a seismograph.

A coastal plain in the first cycle of erosion. The presence of two hard layers produces a terraced cuesta front. In exceptional cases the upper terrace may weather back with sufficient rapidity to constitute a second cuesta with a lowland of some width between it and the lower cuesta, if the weak stratum between the harder is of sufficient thickness.

First Cycle of Erosion

A coastal plain in the first cycle of erosion. The presence of two hard layers produces a terraced cuesta…

Hog-backs (RR) changing into cuestas (CC) and these into steps (HH) by progressive flattening of strata; UU, oldland; TT, inner lowland; SS, second lowland; P, plateau between steps; V, nose; Z, outlier.

Hog-back Diagram

Hog-backs (RR) changing into cuestas (CC) and these into steps (HH) by progressive flattening of strata;…

Work of the waves in cutting away rocky coasts. Cliffs of Normandy; the coast has been cut back so far that the tributaries of the old river systems now enter the sea independently.

Cliffs of Normandy

Work of the waves in cutting away rocky coasts. Cliffs of Normandy; the coast has been cut back so far…