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"Harrison's Landing, James River, Va. The commissariat depot and base of operations of General McClellan occupied by the Federal Army, July 1st, 1862. Our correspondent wrote: 'The Army of the Potomac has been compelled to fall back from before Richmond to a place of safety under the armament of the gunboats on the James River. The advance of our army, which ten days ago, was within sight of the steeples of the Confederate Capital, is now twenty-five miles distant. General McClellan has transferred his base of operations from the Pamunky River to a more advantageous position on the James River, and his camps from the pestilent swamps of the Chickahominy to the higher and healthier grounds of Harrison's Landing.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Harrison's Landing

"Harrison's Landing, James River, Va. The commissariat depot and base of operations of General McClellan…

"Paris, capital of Bourbon County, situated on Stoner Creek, Ky., occupied by Morgan's Guerrillas in 1862."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Paris

"Paris, capital of Bourbon County, situated on Stoner Creek, Ky., occupied by Morgan's Guerrillas in…

"The Confederate invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The Confederate cavalry crossing the Potomac, June 11th, 1863. When the Confederate cavalry force under General Jenkins crossed the Potomac, a movement happily portrayed by our artist, and hurried across Maryland, within the borders of the Keystone State all with confusion and alarm. As they advanced it was impossible to tell what point would be assailed. Pittsburg, with its machine shops and foundries; Harrisburg, the capital, with the State archives; Philadelphia with its great wealth, might any or all be reached. in this emergency the Governor exerted his full powers, the citizens to some extent rallying to his call."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Confederate Invasion

"The Confederate invasion of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The Confederate cavalry crossing the Potomac,…

"Culpepper Courthouse, or Fairfax, capital of Culpepper County, Va. This pretty little place, more frequently called Fairfax, in honor of Lord Fairfax, the old proprietor of the land hereabouts, is a post village on the Orange and Alexandria railroad. It is surrounded by a finely diversified and fertile country, and has many fine old-fashioned planters' seats scattered about. In 1862 it contained four churches, two newspaper offices and a Masonic Hall. Its population was about eight thousand two hundred. It was established in 1759 and incorporated in 1834. It is named Culpepper after Lord Culpepper, the English Governor of Viginia from 1703 to 1708. It is thirty miles from Fredericksburg, nearly ninety from Richmond, and twenty-six from Gordonsville. Fairfax or Culpepper was distinguished early in the war of the revolution for the services of her gallant 'minute men.'"— Frank Leslie, 1896

Culpepper Courthouse

"Culpepper Courthouse, or Fairfax, capital of Culpepper County, Va. This pretty little place, more frequently…

"View of Richmond, Va., from the prison camp at Belle Isle, James River. Belle Island is situated in the James River, a little above the bridge which connects the Richmond and Petersburg Railroad. It is about an acre and a half, and in this small space there were on an average ten thousand Federal soldiers imprisoned and slowly tortured. The Confederate capital has been so often described that we shall confine ourselves to the special view before us. The prominent building is the Capitol; the five churches on the left are St. Paul's, First Baptist, St. James's, Second Baptist and Grace Street Methodist; the large building at the end of the bridge is Haxall's flouring mill, the largest one of the kind in the world, being thirteen stories high."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Belle Isle

"View of Richmond, Va., from the prison camp at Belle Isle, James River. Belle Island is situated in…

"The dedication of the Antietam National Cemetary, at Sharpsburg, Md., on Tuesday, September 17th, 1867. The dedication of the National Cemetary at Antietam took place on the 17th of September. The invitations were issued from Baltimore, and a limited number were distributed to the most distinguished persons at the Capital, including the President and his Cabinet and the Diplomatic Corps. The people had come from far and near to witness the imposing ceremonies over the dead heroes who, nearly five thousand in number, lie buried on the loftiest ground of the Antietam battlefield. Here it was, on consecrated ground, that give thousand people assembled to witness the ceremonies over their dead defenders. After a prayer, a hymn was sung to the tune of 'Old Hundred' by all present. Then came the Masonic ceremony of laying the corner stone of the monument. After an oration by Ex-Governor Bradford and a few remarks by the President, the ceremonies were brought to a close."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Antietam National Cemetary

"The dedication of the Antietam National Cemetary, at Sharpsburg, Md., on Tuesday, September 17th, 1867.…

"General Hatch, born in Bangor, Me., December 22nd, 1832. In April, 1861, he was a member of the District of Columbia Volunteers, who were enlisted to defend the national capital, and subsequently had charge of the camp of instruction at Davenport, La. He was commissioned captain in the Second Iowa Cavalry August 12th, 1861; major, September 5th, and lieutenant colonel, December 11th, the same year. He commanded his regiment at New Madrid, Island No. 10, the battle of Corinth, the raid of Booneville and the battle of Iuka. He was promoted colonel, June 13th, 1862, and commanded a brigade of cavalry in General Grant's Mississippi campaign. He was afterward placed at the head of the cavalry division of the Army of the Tennessee and was present at the various engagements in which it took part. He was disabled by wounds in December, 1863, and on April 27th, 1864, was made brigadier general. Under General A. J. Smith, and still in command of a cavalry division, he was engaged in the battles of Franklin (for bravery in which he was brevetted brigadier general in the regular service) and Nashville, and in the pursuit of Hood's Confederate Army. For gallantry at Nashville he was, in 1864, brevetted major general of volunteers, and three years later promoted to the same rank by brevet in the United States Army. On January 15th, 1866, he was honorably mustered out of the volunteer service, and on July 6th following he was promoted colonel of the Ninth United States Cavalry."— Frank Leslie, 1896

General Edward Hatch

"General Hatch, born in Bangor, Me., December 22nd, 1832. In April, 1861, he was a member of the District…

"Jefferson City, capital of Missouri. The arrival of General Fremont's division, September 26th, 1861. Our sketch of Jefferson City was taken from the southern side of Missouri, and shows the Capitol in bold relief. The railroad runs along the side of the river to Tipton and Sedalia, at both of which places General Fremont established camps and concentrated a large force preparatory to crossing the Osage in pursuit of General Sterling Price." —Leslie, 1896

Jefferson City Railroad Depot

"Jefferson City, capital of Missouri. The arrival of General Fremont's division, September 26th, 1861.…

"Jefferson City, capital of Missouri. The arrival of General Fremont's division, September 26th, 1861. Our sketch of Jefferson City was taken from the southern side of Missouri, and shows the Capitol in bold relief. The railroad runs along the side of the river to Tipton and Sedalia, at both of which places General Fremont established camps and concentrated a large force preparatory to crossing the Osage in pursuit of General Sterling Price." —Leslie, 1896

Jefferson City Capitol Building

"Jefferson City, capital of Missouri. The arrival of General Fremont's division, September 26th, 1861.…

"Village of Clarksburg, Western Virginia, headquarters of General Rosecrans. Clarksburg, a post village, capital of Harrison County, is situated on the west fork of the Monongahela River, at the mouth of Elk Creek, about two hundred and twenty miles northwest of Richmond. It is built on a high tableland environed by hills. It had in 1861 several churches, academies, two printing offices and many fine stores. Stove coal abounded in its vicinity. The Northwestern Railroad, a branch of the Baltimore and Ohio, passed through it. It has about two thousand inhabitants. For a short time Clarksburg was the headquarters of General Rosecrans. The situation was briefly this: The Cheat Mountain Gaps, the key to the whole country, were held by a strong force, a portion of General Reynolds's brigade, the remainder of which was stationed at Bevery, Huttonsville, and in that vicinity. Other portions of General Rosecrans's command were scattered over almost the whole northwestern part of Virginia, guarding the railroad lines from Wheeling and Parkersburg down to Grafton, and then eastward through the Cheat River country, Oakland, Altamont, and almost to Cumberland, occupying the Kanawha Valley by General Cox's brigade, and holding towns like Weston, Buckhannon, Summerville, Philippi and Bealington." —Leslie, 1896

Village of Clarksburg

"Village of Clarksburg, Western Virginia, headquarters of General Rosecrans. Clarksburg, a post village,…

"Village of Clarksburg, Western Virginia, headquarters of General Rosecrans. Clarksburg, a post village, capital of Harrison County, is situated on the west fork of the Monongahela River, at the mouth of Elk Creek, about two hundred and twenty miles northwest of Richmond. It is built on a high tableland environed by hills. It had in 1861 several churches, academies, two printing offices and many fine stores. Stove coal abounded in its vicinity. The Northwestern Railroad, a branch of the Baltimore and Ohio, passed through it. It has about two thousand inhabitants. For a short time Clarksburg was the headquarters of General Rosecrans. The situation was briefly this: The Cheat Mountain Gaps, the key to the whole country, were held by a strong force, a portion of General Reynolds's brigade, the remainder of which was stationed at Bevery, Huttonsville, and in that vicinity. Other portions of General Rosecrans's command were scattered over almost the whole northwestern part of Virginia, guarding the railroad lines from Wheeling and Parkersburg down to Grafton, and then eastward through the Cheat River country, Oakland, Altamont, and almost to Cumberland, occupying the Kanawha Valley by General Cox's brigade, and holding towns like Weston, Buckhannon, Summerville, Philippi and Bealington." —Leslie, 1896

Village of Clarksburg

"Village of Clarksburg, Western Virginia, headquarters of General Rosecrans. Clarksburg, a post village,…

"In architecture the slab or plinth which forms the upper member of the capital of a column or pillar, and upon which rests, in classic styles, the lower surface of the achitrave."—Wright, 1902

Abacus

"In architecture the slab or plinth which forms the upper member of the capital of a column or pillar,…

"The chief credit of the battle of Marathon belongs to Miltiades. But for his courage, the Athenians would have shut themselves up in their city and stood a siege; and it was the stimulus of his heroism that nerved his little army to the victory of Marathon. And the people of Athens fully appreciated what he had done. No man was more popular in the city and none had more honors bestowed upon him. His greatness, however, was of the sort that only great crises call forth. When peace returned, he showed himself selfish and even dishonorable. Securing an armament from the city under false representations, he used it to gratify a private grudge against the people of Paros. He laid siege to their capital, was unsuccessful, and returned in disgrace. He was put on trial, convicted, and fined, but died a few days afterwards."—Colby, 1899

Miltiades

"The chief credit of the battle of Marathon belongs to Miltiades. But for his courage, the Athenians…

"Bronze Coin of Hadrian, British Museum "-Whitney, 1902

Hadrian Coin

"Bronze Coin of Hadrian, British Museum "-Whitney, 1902

"In Greek Architecture, a capital on the corner column of a portico."-Whitney, 1902

Angle-Capital

"In Greek Architecture, a capital on the corner column of a portico."-Whitney, 1902

"The Doric Order is, in architecture, the second of the five orders, being that between the Tuscan and Ionic."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Grecian Doric Capital

"The Doric Order is, in architecture, the second of the five orders, being that between the Tuscan and…

"The Doric Order is, in architecture, the second of the five orders, being that between the Tuscan and Ionic."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Grecian Doric Capital

"The Doric Order is, in architecture, the second of the five orders, being that between the Tuscan and…

"The Doric Order is, in architecture, the second of the five orders, being that between the Tuscan and Ionic."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Grecian Doric Capital

"The Doric Order is, in architecture, the second of the five orders, being that between the Tuscan and…

"A kind of spiral scroll used in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals, of which it is a principal ornament. The number of volutes in the Ionic order is four. In the Corinthian and Composite orders they are more numerous, in the former being accompanied by smaller ones, called helices; called also voluta. <em>A,</em>volute"&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Volute of the Ionic Capital

"A kind of spiral scroll used in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals, of which it is a principal…

"A kind of spiral scroll used in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals, of which it is a principal ornament. The number of volutes in the Ionic order is four. In the Corinthian and Composite orders they are more numerous, in the former being accompanied by smaller ones, called helices; called also voluta. <em>A,</em>volute; <em>B,</em>helix"&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Volute of the Corinthian Capital

"A kind of spiral scroll used in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals, of which it is a principal…

"Ottawa is a city, county seat of Carleton co., Ontario, and capital of the Dominion of Canada; at the confluence of the Ottawa and Rideau rivers on the Rideau canal, and on the Canadian Atlantic, the Canadian Pacific, and other railroads; 126 miles W. of Montreal. The government buildings are imposing structures, of Gothic architecture, costing about $4,000,000. They are built around a quadrangle, and with the grounds belonging to them occupy about 30 acres. They are constructed of a light-colored sandstone."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Ottawa Main Parliament Building

"Ottawa is a city, county seat of Carleton co., Ontario, and capital of the Dominion of Canada; at the…

"Besides Sappho, her friend, perhaps lover, Alcaeus is almost the sole representative of the Aeolic school of poetry. He was a noble of Mytilene, the capital of Lesbos. With other nobles he opposed and drove into exile the tyrant of this city." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Alcaeus

"Besides Sappho, her friend, perhaps lover, Alcaeus is almost the sole representative of the Aeolic…

"Constantine, the first Christian emperor, removed the capital of the world-empire from Rome to Byzantium, henceforth to be called Constantinople. Though the court, with all its splendor and power, was thus transferred to a city where Greek was the vernacular, the change did not retard, but rather hastened, the decline of literature." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Byzantine court

"Constantine, the first Christian emperor, removed the capital of the world-empire from Rome to Byzantium,…

"A pillar or column. The use of the trunks of trees placed upright for supporting buildings, unquestionably led to the adoption of similar supports wrought in stone. As the tree required to be based upon a flat square stone, and to have a stone or tile of similar form fixed on its summit to preserve it from decay, so the column was made with a square base, and was covered with an abacus. Hence the principal parts of which every column consists are three, the base, the shaft, and the capital. In the Doric, which is the oldest style of Greek architecture, we must consider all the columns in the same row as having one common base, whereas in the Ionian and Corinthian each column has a seperate base, called spira. The capitals of these two latter orders show, on comparison with the Doric, a much richer style of ornament; and the character of lightness and elegence is further obtained in them by their more slender shaft, its height being much greater in proportion to its thickness. Of all these circumstances some idea may be formed by the inspection of the three accompanying specimens of pillars. The first on the left hand is Doric, the second Ionic, and the third Corinthian." &mdash; Smith, 1873

Columna

"A pillar or column. The use of the trunks of trees placed upright for supporting buildings, unquestionably…

"Sling the Monkey is a capital game, and can be played anywhere where there are trees. One player who is chosen by lot, takes the part of Monkey, and is fastened to a tolerably high branch of a tree by a strong cord knotted in a 'bowline' loop and passed round his waist. the other players now baste the monkey with knotted handkerchiefs, and he armed in like manner, endeavors to realiate. If he succeeds in striking one of them, he is at once released, and the other takes his place as monkey. He must make haste in doing it, or he may be basted until he is fairly in the loop. With players who don't mind a little buffeting this game becomes exceedingly lively: and active monkey is very different to approach with safety, and, of course, gives much more life to the game. The cord should be just long enough to enable the monkey to reach the ground comfortably under the branch. Half the fun of the game lies in actual slinging of the monkey, one of whose most effective ruses is to throw himself forward on the rope, preend to start off in one direction, and then come back with a swing in the other. The branch to which the cord is attached should be of some considerable height from the ground, or there will not be play enough in the rope; and it need scarcely be impressed upon the reader tha both rope and branch must be strong enough to bear the strain put upon them by the weight and movements of the monkey." &mdash; Thomas Sheppard Meek

Sling the Monkey

"Sling the Monkey is a capital game, and can be played anywhere where there are trees. One player who…

Coin of Mytelene, capital of Lesbos.

Mytilene, coin of

Coin of Mytelene, capital of Lesbos.

The capital of a pillar or pilaster which supports an arch; more commonly called impost.

Chaptrel

The capital of a pillar or pilaster which supports an arch; more commonly called impost.

"No reader of the 'Thousand and One Nights' can have forgotten Haroun Al Rascid, the caliiph of Bagdad, who encountered so many adventures in perambulating the streets of his capital, disguised, in company with his vizier, and his black slave Mesrour." &mdash; Goodrich, 1844

Haroun Al Rascid

"No reader of the 'Thousand and One Nights' can have forgotten Haroun Al Rascid, the caliiph of Bagdad,…

"The top of a column or pillar." — Williams, 1889

Capital

"The top of a column or pillar." — Williams, 1889

"Many columns have capitals representing palm leaves." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Capital of a column

"Many columns have capitals representing palm leaves." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Doric Order. From the Temple at Selinus." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Doric Order

"Doric Order. From the Temple at Selinus." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Ionic order. From the Temple of Athene (Minerva) at Priene." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Ionic order

"Ionic order. From the Temple of Athene (Minerva) at Priene." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Corinthian Order. From the Monument of Lysicrates, at Athens." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Corinthian order

"Corinthian Order. From the Monument of Lysicrates, at Athens." —D'Anvers, 1895

"The favorite order was the richly-decorated Corinthian, the beauty of which the Romans strove to increase by adding to it a fulness and strength such as the Greeks never succeeded in attaining." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Roman-Corinthian Capital

"The favorite order was the richly-decorated Corinthian, the beauty of which the Romans strove to increase…

"The Composite or Roman order was the outcome of the attempt to improve the Corinthian, of which it was in fact a somewhat free version." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Composite capital

"The Composite or Roman order was the outcome of the attempt to improve the Corinthian, of which it…

"Basket capital. Fro mthe Cathedral of Gurk." —D'Anvers, 1895

Basket Capital

"Basket capital. Fro mthe Cathedral of Gurk." —D'Anvers, 1895

A city in Italy, capital of a province of the same name, on the Arno River, forty-four miles west of Florence. it has well platted and paved streets, and is connected with Leghorn, Florence, and other cities by an extensive railway system.

Pisa

A city in Italy, capital of a province of the same name, on the Arno River, forty-four miles west of…

A capital of such form as to appear like a cushion pressed upon by the weight of the entablature.

Cushion Capital

A capital of such form as to appear like a cushion pressed upon by the weight of the entablature.

This illustration shows the capital building for the state of Virginia. It can be found in the city of Richmond.

Richmond State Capitol

This illustration shows the capital building for the state of Virginia. It can be found in the city…

The capital city of Egypt. It is located on the banks and islands of the Nile River in the north of Egypt.

Cairo

The capital city of Egypt. It is located on the banks and islands of the Nile River in the north of…

Ornate capital O

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