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Columbus' letter number VI.

Columbus' Letter VI

Columbus' letter number VI.

The correct position when the pen is at the bottom of an extended letter below the line, the pen being, as shown, nearly perpendicular.

Penmanship

The correct position when the pen is at the bottom of an extended letter below the line, the pen being,…

The letter R.

R, Letter

The letter R.

The letter S

S, Letter

The letter S

The letter H.

H, Letter

The letter H.

The letter T.

T, Letter

The letter T.

The letter M.

M, Letter

The letter M.

The letter L

L, Letter

The letter L

The letter S

S, Letter

The letter S

The letter D

D, Decorative

The letter D

The letter M

M, Letter

The letter M

The letter M

M, Letter

The letter M

The letter O.

O, Letter

The letter O.

Ornate capital letter S.

S, Ornate Initial

Ornate capital letter S.

Capital letter M with a tree in the background.

M, Letter

Capital letter M with a tree in the background.

Capital letter T with a floral border.

T, Floral Initial

Capital letter T with a floral border.

Capital letter I with sun and clouds.

I, Letter

Capital letter I with sun and clouds.

Capital letter A with a floral decoration.

A, Floral Initial

Capital letter A with a floral decoration.

Capital letter T with pieces of parchment in the background.

T, Initial

Capital letter T with pieces of parchment in the background.

Ornate capital letter M.

M, Initial

Ornate capital letter M.

Ornate capital letter F.

F, Initial

Ornate capital letter F.

Ornate capital letter I.

I, Ornate Initial

Ornate capital letter I.

Ornate capital letter L.

L, Ornate Initial

Ornate capital letter L.

"The simplest and most generally practised form of budding is that called Shield budding or T-budding. The operator should be provided with a budding-knife in which the cutting edge of the blade is rounded off at the point, and which has a thin ivory or bone handle, for raising the bark of the stock. A horizonal incision is made in the bark quite down to the wood, and from this a perpendicular slit is drawn downwards to the extent of perhaps an inch, so that the slit has a resemblance to the letter T, as at a. A bud is then cut by a clean incision from the tree intended to be propagated, having a portion of the wood attached to it, and so that the whole may be an inch and a half long, as at d." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Shield-Budding

"The simplest and most generally practised form of budding is that called Shield budding or T-budding.…

Ornate capital A.

A, Ornate

Ornate capital A.

"Take a tube bent like the letter U, and, having filled it with water, place a finger on each end, and in this state plunge one of the ends into a vessel of water, so that the end in the water shall be a little the highest then remove the fingers and the liquid will flow out, and continue to do so until the vessel is exhasted." -Comstock 1850

Syphon

"Take a tube bent like the letter U, and, having filled it with water, place a finger on each end, and…

The larynx viewed from its pharyngeal opening. The back wall of the pharynx has been divided and its edges (11) turned aside. Labels: 1, body of hyoid; 2, its small, and 3, its great, horns; 4, upper and lower horns of thyroid cartilage; 5, mucous membrane of front of pharynx, covering the back of the cricoid cartilage; 6, upper end of gullet; 7, windpipe, lying in front of the gullet; 8, eminence caused by cartilage of Santorini; 9, eminence caused by cartilage of Wrisberg -- both lie in, 10, the aryteno-epiglottidean fold of mucous membrane, surrounding the opening (aditus laryngis) from pharynx to larynx; a, projecting tip of epiglottis; c, the glottis -- the lines leading from the letter point to the free vibrating edges of the vocal cords; b' the ventricles of the larynx -- their upper edges, marking them off from the eminences b, are the false vocal cords.

Larynx

The larynx viewed from its pharyngeal opening. The back wall of the pharynx has been divided and its…

Fissures and Lobes of the liver. There are 5 fissures of the liver, which are situated on the inferior and posterior surfaces and arranged in the form of the letter H. There are 5 lobes of the liver, but 3 are mere lobules of the right lobe, formed by the smaller fissures.

Fissures and Lobes of the Liver

Fissures and Lobes of the liver. There are 5 fissures of the liver, which are situated on the inferior…

Trime (3 cents) United States coin from 1851. Obverse has the Union shield lying on top of a six-pointed star and is inscribed with - UNITED STATES OF AMERICA with the date at the bottom. Reverse shows by a large, scrolled letter C enclosing the Roman numeral III (denoting value). This image is surrounded 13 equally-spaced stars.

Silver Trime Coin, 1851

Trime (3 cents) United States coin from 1851. Obverse has the Union shield lying on top of a six-pointed…

Pence (1 pence) Rosa Americana Series coin. Obverse has a right-facing image of George I surrounded by the inscription - GEORGIUS D:G:M BRI FRA ET HIB REX. Reverse shows the letter I between branches, surrounded by an indecipherable Latin inscription.

Copper Pence Coin, No Date

Pence (1 pence) Rosa Americana Series coin. Obverse has a right-facing image of George I surrounded…

Illustration showing the construction of a golden rectangle. Beginning with a unit square, a line is then drawn from the midpoint of one side of the square to its opposite corner. Using that line, an arc is drawn that defines the length of the rectangle. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi.

Construction Of A Golden Rectangle

Illustration showing the construction of a golden rectangle. Beginning with a unit square, a line is…

Illustration showing the golden rectangle. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi.

Golden Rectangle

Illustration showing the golden rectangle. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if…

Illustration showing a nesting of 2 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. The large rectangle shown is divided to show the a golden rectangle. The smaller portion is then divided into the golden ratio again.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing a nesting of 2 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden…

Illustration showing a nesting of 3 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. The large rectangle shown is divided to show the a golden rectangle. The smaller portion is then divided into the golden ratio again, and so on.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing a nesting of 3 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden…

Illustration showing a nesting of 4 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. The large rectangle shown is divided to show the a golden rectangle. The smaller portion is then divided into the golden ratio again, and so on.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing a nesting of 4 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden…

Illustration showing a nesting of 5 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. The large rectangle shown is divided to show the a golden rectangle. The smaller portion is then divided into the golden ratio again, and so on.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing a nesting of 5 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden…

Illustration showing a nesting of 6 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. The large rectangle shown is divided to show the a golden rectangle. The smaller portion is then divided into the golden ratio again, and so on.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing a nesting of 6 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden…

Illustration showing a nesting of 7 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. The large rectangle shown is divided to show the a golden rectangle. The smaller portion is then divided into the golden ratio again, and so on.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing a nesting of 7 golden rectangles. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden…

Illustration showing succession of golden rectangles that are used to construct the golden spiral. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. Each rectangle shown is subdivided into smaller golden rectangles. The golden spiral is a special type of logarithmic spiral. Each part is similar to smaller and larger parts.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing succession of golden rectangles that are used to construct the golden spiral. Two…

Illustration showing succession of golden rectangles that are used to construct the golden spiral. Two quantities are considered to be in the golden ratio if (a+ b)/a = a/b which is represented by the Greek letter phi. Each rectangle shown is subdivided into smaller golden rectangles. The golden spiral is a special type of logarithmic spiral. Each part is similar to smaller and larger parts.

Golden Rectangles

Illustration showing succession of golden rectangles that are used to construct the golden spiral. Two…

The letter 'A' around an image of a queen.

A

The letter 'A' around an image of a queen.

The letter 'a' as a baby.

a

The letter 'a' as a baby.

The letter 'B' as a dancing man.

B

The letter 'B' as a dancing man.

A piece of wood or metal to stamp a letter or character. "(1) the body, (2) the face, (3) the shoulder, (4) the nick and (5) the groove." -Foster, 1921

Type

A piece of wood or metal to stamp a letter or character. "(1) the body, (2) the face, (3) the shoulder,…

A man working in his office.

Man Working

A man working in his office.

Panama, Colombian Republic Stamp (1 centavo) from 1887-1889

Panama, Colombian Republic 1 Centavo Stamp, 1887-1889

Panama, Colombian Republic Stamp (1 centavo) from 1887-1889

Colombian Republic Insured Letter Stamp (50 centavos) from 1870

Colombian Republic Cencuenta Centavos Insured Letter Stamp, 1870

Colombian Republic Insured Letter Stamp (50 centavos) from 1870

Tolima, Colombian Republic Insured Letter Stamp (10 centavos) from 1879

Tolima, Colombian Republic Diez Centavos Insured Letter Stamp, 1879

Tolima, Colombian Republic Insured Letter Stamp (10 centavos) from 1879

Bavaria Return Letter Stamp (value unknown) from 1865

Bavaria Return Letter Stamp Unknown Value, 1865

Bavaria Return Letter Stamp (value unknown) from 1865

Mexico Unpaid Letter Stamp (8 cts) from 1891-1892

Mexico 8 Cts Unpaid Letter Stamp, 1891-1892

Mexico Unpaid Letter Stamp (8 cts) from 1891-1892

Roumania Unpaid Letter Stamp (2 bani) from 1881

Roumania 2 Bani Unpaid Letter Stamp, 1881

Roumania Unpaid Letter Stamp (2 bani) from 1881

Spain Return Letter Stamp (value unknown) from 1873

Spain Return Letter Stamp (Unknown Value), 1873

Spain Return Letter Stamp (value unknown) from 1873

Ornate capital "I" with a floral background.

I, Floral Capital

Ornate capital "I" with a floral background.

A floral initial of capital O.

O, Floral Initial Capital

A floral initial of capital O.

A decorative border of envelopes, letters, and inkwells with four windows and banners for captions.

Letter and Ink Border

A decorative border of envelopes, letters, and inkwells with four windows and banners for captions.

A floral 'T'.

T

A floral 'T'.

A floral 'F'.

F

A floral 'F'.

A floral 'I'.

I

A floral 'I'.

A floral 'L'.

L

A floral 'L'.

A floral 'C'.

C

A floral 'C'.