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"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always hold first place among the orators of the ancient world. He was born in 384 B.C. When he was only seven years of age, his father, a wealthy manufacturer of arms in Athens, died. When the youth came of age he found himself stripped of his inheritance by dishonest trustees. Aided by Isaeus he commenced a lawsuit against the chief embezzler, and succeeded in recovering about a third of his father's estate. The loss of his patrimony was the means of developing a spirit of courage and self-relience, which might otherwise have remained latent." — The Delphian Society, 1913

Demosthenes

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always…

"Demosthenes had established himself as a public speaker before [the first Phillipic]; but it is chiefly in connection with Phillip that we are to view him as a statesman as well as an orator." — Smith, 1882

Bust of Demosthenes

"Demosthenes had established himself as a public speaker before [the first Phillipic]; but it is chiefly…

Demosthenes was a prominent Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens. His orations constitute a significant expression of contemporary Athenian intellectual prowess and provide an insight into the politics and culture of ancient Greece during the 4th century BC. Demosthenes learned rhetoric by studying the speeches of previous great orators. He delivered his first judicial speeches at the age of 20, in which he argued effectively to gain from his guardians what was left of his inheritance. For a time, Demosthenes made his living as a professional speech-writer (logographer) and a lawyer, writing speeches for use in private legal suits.

Sculpture of Demosthenes

Demosthenes was a prominent Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens. His orations constitute a…

"Deucalion and his wife Pyrrha, of the race of Prometheus." —Bulfinch, 1897

Deucalion and Pyrrha

"Deucalion and his wife Pyrrha, of the race of Prometheus." —Bulfinch, 1897

"Heathen Deities: Diana"-Willson, 1859.

Diana

"Heathen Deities: Diana"-Willson, 1859.

"Diana of Ephesus." —Bulfinch, 1897

Diana of Ephesus

"Diana of Ephesus." —Bulfinch, 1897

"The following cut, from an ancient gem, represents Diomede in the act of bearing away the Palladium." — Anthon, 1891

Diomede

"The following cut, from an ancient gem, represents Diomede in the act of bearing away the Palladium."…

One of the earliest open-air theaters in Athens, Greece.

Theater of Dionysus

One of the earliest open-air theaters in Athens, Greece.

Also known as Discobolus. The Discus Thrower is a famous, ancient bronze statue that demonstrates a man participating in an ancient sport.

The Discus Thrower

Also known as Discobolus. The Discus Thrower is a famous, ancient bronze statue that demonstrates a…

This Greek dish is made out of yellow clay and painted in red. It has a geometrical design ornamented with a horn-like design attached on the outer part of the dish.

Greek Dish

This Greek dish is made out of yellow clay and painted in red. It has a geometrical design ornamented…

This Greek dish is a kylix used as a drinking cup. Made out of yellow clay, it is decorated in brown on the outside with a geometrical design.

Greek Dish

This Greek dish is a kylix used as a drinking cup. Made out of yellow clay, it is decorated in brown…

This Greek dish is made out of yellow clay and painted in brown and red. It has a geometric design on the outside.

Greek Dish

This Greek dish is made out of yellow clay and painted in brown and red. It has a geometric design on…

A Greek object, with cherubs depicted.

Greek doodad

A Greek object, with cherubs depicted.

"The front elevation of a Greek Doric Hexastyle-peripteral Temple." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Doric Temple

"The front elevation of a Greek Doric Hexastyle-peripteral Temple." — Encyclopedia Britanica,…

"Ancient Greek Double Pipes. Elgin Collection, British Museum." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Double Pipes

"Ancient Greek Double Pipes. Elgin Collection, British Museum." — The Encyclopedia Britannica,…

"Cadmus and the Dragon. (From a vase-painting at Naples.)" — The Delphian Society, 1913

Cadmus and the Dragon

"Cadmus and the Dragon. (From a vase-painting at Naples.)" — The Delphian Society, 1913

"The earring is an exquisite illustration of Greek skill in the introduction of the human figure; the rosette for concealing the hook beautifully wrought." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Earring

"The earring is an exquisite illustration of Greek skill in the introduction of the human figure; the…

This Greek earring is made out of gold in the form of a siren (Greek mythical bird-woman). It was found in Ithaca, Greece.

Greek Earring

This Greek earring is made out of gold in the form of a siren (Greek mythical bird-woman). It was found…

Greek illustration of Elysium.

Elysium doodad

Greek illustration of Elysium.

Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher and the founder of the school of philosophy called Epicureanism. Only a few fragments and letters remain of Epicurus's 300 written works. Much of what is known about Epicurean philosophy derives from later followers and commentators.

Epicurus

Epicurus was an ancient Greek philosopher and the founder of the school of philosophy called Epicureanism.…

"The building of the new Erechtheum was not commenced till the Parthenon and Propylea were finished, and probably not before the year preceding the breaking out of the Peloponnesian war. Its progress was no doubt delayed by that event, and it was probably not completed before 393 B.C. When finished it presented one of the finest models of the Ionic order, as the Parthenon was of the Doric. It stood to the north of the Acropolis." — Smith, 1882

Erechtheum restored

"The building of the new Erechtheum was not commenced till the Parthenon and Propylea were finished,…

Etruscan vases, more a product of Greece than Etrusca.

Etruscan Vases

Etruscan vases, more a product of Greece than Etrusca.

"Euripides was born in the island of Salamis, in B.C. 480, his parents having been among those who fled thither at the time of the invasion of Attica by Xerxes. He studied rhetoric under Prodicus, and physics under Anaxagoras." — Smith, 1882

Euripides

"Euripides was born in the island of Salamis, in B.C. 480, his parents having been among those who fled…

"The next evolution is presented in Euripides. He is less ideal than his predeccesor, but truer to nature. His drama is more of a reality. He takes his stand in the midst of human life as it is. His language is the language of the people. The heroes of his plays are more possible than those of Sophocles. They are redeemed with weaknesses, touched with folly, stained with tears. He has more variety in his action, greater freedom, more surprises and vicissitudes."—Ridpath, 1885

Euripides

"The next evolution is presented in Euripides. He is less ideal than his predeccesor, but truer to nature.…

"View of the Fort Euryalus at Syracuse." — Smith, 1882

Fort Euryalus

"View of the Fort Euryalus at Syracuse." — Smith, 1882

"It was during the siege of Methone that Philip had the misfortune to lose on of his eyes. A random arrow discharged from the rampart fell square in the king's face and destroyed one-half of his sight. When the arrow-head was drawn away, it was found to contain the following label: "Astor to Philip's right eye." It appeared on inquiry that the unerring missile had been discharged by an offended archer who has recently offered his services to the king and been rejected. He hd represented to Philip that his skill with the bow was great that he could kill a small bird on the wing. The king not believing the story had put off the applicant with the remark, "Well, well, I shall make use of thee when I go to war with the starlings." Astor has then joined the Methoneans and now vindicated his skill in a way never to be forgotten."—Ridpath, 1885

Astor to Philip's Right Eye

"It was during the siege of Methone that Philip had the misfortune to lose on of his eyes. A random…

"The Greek Fissurella, <em>F. Gr&aelig;ca</em>, is found in the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean. There are only one hundred and twenty other known species of this genus." &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Greek fissurella

"The Greek Fissurella, F. Græca, is found in the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean.…

The Greek Folding-Chair could be folded together, takes up less room and is conveniently transported.

Greek Folding-Chair

The Greek Folding-Chair could be folded together, takes up less room and is conveniently transported.

Foliate Sculpture of the 13th Century. "Decorative sculpture conventionalized more or less from foliage, or based on the fundamental forms or habit of vegetation. -Greek, Renaissance." -Whitney, 1911

Foliate Sculpture

Foliate Sculpture of the 13th Century. "Decorative sculpture conventionalized more or less from foliage,…

The finial foliated shaft is a Greek design of the choragic monument of Lysikrates in Athens.

Finial Foliated Shaft

The finial foliated shaft is a Greek design of the choragic monument of Lysikrates in Athens.

"The Olympic games were of greater efficacy than the Amphictyonic Council in promoting the spirit of union among the various branches of the Greek race, and in keeping alive a feeling of their common origin. They were open to all persons who could prove their Hellenic blood, and were frequented by spectators from all parts of the Grecian world. They were celebrated at Olympia, on the banks of the alpheus, in the territory of Elis." &mdash; Smith, 1882

Foot-race

"The Olympic games were of greater efficacy than the Amphictyonic Council in promoting the spirit of…

The double pattern fret band is a Greek design. It is the same pattern that is doubled in the band.

Double Pattern Fret Band

The double pattern fret band is a Greek design. It is the same pattern that is doubled in the band.

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

Ordinary Intersecting Fret Band

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

Ordinary Intersecting Fret Band

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

Ordinary Intersecting Fret Band

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

Ordinary Intersecting Fret Band

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

Ordinary Intersecting Fret Band

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

Ordinary Intersecting Fret Band

The ordinary intersecting fret band is a pattern that crosses each other, found on Greek vase paintings.

"Group from the Eastern frieze of the Parthenon." &mdash;D'Anvers, 1895

Frieze

"Group from the Eastern frieze of the Parthenon." —D'Anvers, 1895

"Hebe was dismissed from her office in consequence of a fall which she met with one day when in attendance on the gods. Her successor was Ganmedes, a Trojan boy whom Jupiter, in the disguise of an eagle, siezed and carried off from the midst of his playfellows on Mount Ida, bore up to heaven, and installed in the vacant place." &mdash;Bulfinch, 1897

Ganymede

"Hebe was dismissed from her office in consequence of a fall which she met with one day when in attendance…

"The third sign of the zodiac, so named from its 2 brightest stars, Castor, of the 1st magnitude, farthest to the west, and Pollux of the 2d, farthest to the east. Its constitutent stars form a binary system revolving in about 250 years. The sun is in G. from about May 21st, till about June 21st." &mdash; Williams, 1889

Gemini

"The third sign of the zodiac, so named from its 2 brightest stars, Castor, of the 1st magnitude, farthest…

"By a beautiful image, the mother herself, who is so deeply interested in the fortunes of her son, is to be the immediate agent in effecting his deification after death. The enrolment of a mortal among the gods was termed his <em>apotheosis.</em>" &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Apotheosis of Germanicus

"By a beautiful image, the mother herself, who is so deeply interested in the fortunes of her son, is…

"The chief gods, in striking contrast with the monstrous divinities of the Oriental mythologies, had been molded by the fine Hellenic imagination into human forms of surpassing beauty and grace."&mdash;Myers, 1904

Group of Gods and Goddesses

"The chief gods, in striking contrast with the monstrous divinities of the Oriental mythologies, had…

"A relief on the tomb of a certain Hegeso. It represents a woman, seated, taking a jewel from a casket held by an attendant."—Webster, 1913

An Athenian Gravestone

"A relief on the tomb of a certain Hegeso. It represents a woman, seated, taking a jewel from a casket…

"Represents the interior view of a bronze shield and a pair of greaves. These greaves are made right and left." &mdash; Anthon, 1891

Greaves and shield

"Represents the interior view of a bronze shield and a pair of greaves. These greaves are made right…

"Greek architecture is distinguished for nothing more than for the grace and beauty of its mouldings; and it may be remarked of them generally that they are eccentric, and not regular curves." &mdash; Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Grecian Banner

"Greek architecture is distinguished for nothing more than for the grace and beauty of its mouldings;…

A scene from ancient Greece, possibly from a vase.

Scene from ancient Greece

A scene from ancient Greece, possibly from a vase.

"The Greeks belong to the great Indo-European race, who from the earliest times have been the conquerers and civilizers of the world." &mdash;The Popular Cyclopedia, 1888

Greek

"The Greeks belong to the great Indo-European race, who from the earliest times have been the conquerers…

The Greek Alphabet.

Greek Alphabet

The Greek Alphabet.

Armor worn by the Greek soldiers as art armor.

Greek Armor (Art Armor)

Armor worn by the Greek soldiers as art armor.

Women playing a lyre.

Greek border

Women playing a lyre.

"In the reign of Philip of Macedon, the coinage of Greece had attained its full development, having a perfect reverse. One of the earliest specimens of the complete coin is a beautiful medal struck at Syracuse, with the head of Proserpine accompanied by dolphins, and for reverse a victor in the Olympic games in a chariot receiving a wreath from Victory-a type which is also found on the reverse of the staters of Philip of Macedon, known as Philips, and largely imitated by other states." &mdash; Chambers, 1881

Greek Coin

"In the reign of Philip of Macedon, the coinage of Greece had attained its full development, having…

"Greek Philosophy, which reached its highest excellence in Athens in the fourth century before Christ, had its origin two hundred years earlier i nthe ourlying settlements of the Hellenic race in Asia Minor, Thrace, Sicily, and Southern Italy, rather than in Greece proper. The founding of colonies and frequent changes of government in the older states led thoughtful men to study the constitution of man and of society." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Greek philosophers

"Greek Philosophy, which reached its highest excellence in Athens in the fourth century before Christ,…

An illustration of a Greek school vase painting.

Greek School Vase Painting

An illustration of a Greek school vase painting.

A Greek shield.

Greek Shield

A Greek shield.

A Greek soldier with his family.

Greek Soldier

A Greek soldier with his family.

"From a Greek vase of about the time of the battle of Marathon."&mdash;Webster, 1913

Greek Soldiers in Arms

"From a Greek vase of about the time of the battle of Marathon."—Webster, 1913

A monument of Athenian foot soldier, found near Marathon.

Monument of a Greek Solider

A monument of Athenian foot soldier, found near Marathon.

Skull of a Greek tortoise, showing the brain cavity.

Skull of Greek tortoise

Skull of a Greek tortoise, showing the brain cavity.

Illustration of a Greek war-ship from the 5th century BC. There are two masts, a large decorative bird element at the bow, and shell-like enclosure at the stern. Three rows of oars are manned by several men. A large, steering oar at the starboard bow is controlled by a man on a raised platform. A flag flies from the stern.

Greek War-Ship with Three Rows of Oars

Illustration of a Greek war-ship from the 5th century BC. There are two masts, a large decorative bird…