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Each scale of the pine cone is a whole pistillate flower. (Gray, 1858).

Scale

Each scale of the pine cone is a whole pistillate flower. (Gray, 1858).

Each scale of the pine cone is a whole pistillate flower. (Gray, 1858).

Scale

Each scale of the pine cone is a whole pistillate flower. (Gray, 1858).

A scotch pine. <em>a</em>: A twig showing a staminate catkins, pistillate catkins, a cone, and needles.

Scotch Pine

A scotch pine. a: A twig showing a staminate catkins, pistillate catkins, a cone, and needles.

Also known as Pandanus and is native to the Old World tropics and western Pacific Ocean islands.

Screw Pine

Also known as Pandanus and is native to the Old World tropics and western Pacific Ocean islands.

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest growth in parts of North America.

Shortleaf pine (pinus echinata Mill.). Natural size. branch with open cones

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest…

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest growth in parts of North America.

Shortleaf pine (pinus echinata Mill.). Natural size. cone scales, dorsal view

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest…

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest growth in parts of North America.

Shortleaf pine (pinus echinata Mill.). Natural size. cone scales, ventral view

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest…

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest growth in parts of North America.

Shortleaf pine (pinus echinata Mill.). Natural size. seed

The shortleaf pine is mostly associated with with deciduous-leaved trees, often the predominant forest…

A cone of the stone pine. Usually oval shaped and has edible seeds.

Stone Pine Cone

A cone of the stone pine. Usually oval shaped and has edible seeds.

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches in two-leaved sheathed bunches. Leaf - needle-shape, about two and one half inches long, stiff; outer side smooth and rounded; inner side hollowed. Cones - about three and one half inches long, of a light yellow color, stemless, often united in clusters of fours. Scales - with a stout spine, widening at its base, one sixth of an inch in length. Found - within narrower limits than any other American Pine; along the Alleghany Mountains from Pennsylvania to Tennessee, especially upon Table Mountain in North Carolina, one of the highest peaks of the range. General Information - A tree ten to fifty feet high, with light and soft wood, largely used for charcoal.

Genus Pinus, L. (Pine)

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches…

"Diagram to show the radial flow of water in pine wood, from the tracheids of the late growth of one year into those of early growth of the succeeding year." -Stevens, 1916

Water Flow in Pine

"Diagram to show the radial flow of water in pine wood, from the tracheids of the late growth of one…

"Diagram indicating by arrows how the water in the tracheids of pine passes longitudinally from one tracheid to another." -Stevens, 1916

Water Flow in Pine

"Diagram indicating by arrows how the water in the tracheids of pine passes longitudinally from one…

A pine whose cone is more elongated and slender.

White Pine Cone

A pine whose cone is more elongated and slender.

This shows the cluster of five leaves of the White Pine, Pinus strobus, (Keeler, 1915).

White Pine Needles

This shows the cluster of five leaves of the White Pine, Pinus strobus, (Keeler, 1915).

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches in five-leaved bunches, with their sheaths lacking or very short, excepting when young. Leaf - needle-shape, three to five inches long, light bluish-green, three-sided, soft, and very slender. Cones - four to six inches long, cylinder-shape, about one inch in diameter before the scales loosen; solitary, drooping, slightly curved. Scales - thin, without prickles. Bark - of trunk, lighter than in the other pines; in young trees smooth, and only slightly rough when older. Found - from Newfoundland to the Winnipeg River, southward through the Northern States, and along the Alleghany Mountains to Georgia. Its finest growth is in the region of the Great Lakes. General Information - An evergreen tree of soft and delicate foliage, eighty to one hundred and fifty feet high; one of the most valuable timber trees of any country. The wood is clear of knots, straight-grained, and soft, and is used in immense quantities for building and many kinds of manufacturing. The branches are given off in flat, regular whorls around the straight trunk.

Genus Pinus, L. (Pine)

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches…

An illustration of the winged seed of the white pine.

Winged Seed of White Pine

An illustration of the winged seed of the white pine.

This shows the cluster of two leaves, sometimes three of four, of the Yellow Pine, Pinus echinata, (Keeler, 1915).

Yellow Pine Needles

This shows the cluster of two leaves, sometimes three of four, of the Yellow Pine, Pinus echinata, (Keeler,…

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches in two-leaved sheathed bunches (On vigorous young shoots the leaves are sometimes clustered in threes, not on the old branches.) Leaf - needle-shape, two and a half to five inches long, usually four to five inches; dark green; slender; rounded on the outer side; on the inner side, hollowed. Cone - about two to three inches long, in old trees scarcely more than one and a half inches long; the smallest of the American Pine cones; surface roughened by the slightly projecting ends of the scales; not growing in large clusters. Scales - tipped with a weak prickle pointing outward. Found - in Staten Island and New Jersey, and southward to Western Florida; through the Gulf States, Arkansas, and parts of Kansas, Missouri, and Illinois. General Information - An evergreen tree forty to eighty feet high, with straight trunk, regular branches, and pyramid-shaped head. The timber is hard and very valuable, second in value (among the Yellow Pines) only to the "Georgia Pine" (P. palustris -" Long-leaved Pine," "Southern Pine").

Genus Pinus, L. (Pine)

Leaves - simple; indeterminate in position because of their closeness, but arranged along the branches…