ClipArt ETC
"Represents in diagram the arrangement of the battery, resistance, and galvanometer. There are two keys, K and K, , placed in the circuit whose uses will be subsequently explained for the present, the diagram will be considered as if these keys did not exist, and as if the current flowed permanently through. the circuits as is indicated by the arrow-heads." (Britannica, 1891)

Arrangement of Battery, Resistance, and Galvanometer

"Represents in diagram the arrangement of the battery, resistance, and galvanometer. There are two keys,…

A machine that generates electrical charge using friction.

Atkinson Topler-Holtz Machine

A machine that generates electrical charge using friction.

"If an excited substance be brought near a ball made of pith, or cork, suspended by a silk thread, the ball will, in the first place, approach the electric, as at a, indicating an attraction towards it, and if the position of the electric will allow, the ball will come into contact with the electric, and adhere to it for a short time, and whill then recede from it, showing that it is repelled, as at b." -Comstock 1850

Electrical Attraction

"If an excited substance be brought near a ball made of pith, or cork, suspended by a silk thread, the…

An illustration of Mance's method used to measure battery resistance.

Battery Resistance

An illustration of Mance's method used to measure battery resistance.

An illustration of Mance's method used to measure battery resistance.

Battery Resistance

An illustration of Mance's method used to measure battery resistance.

An illustration of the assisting and opposing method used to measure battery resistance.

Battery Resistance

An illustration of the assisting and opposing method used to measure battery resistance.

An illustration of Clamond's thermal battery; a thermal battery refers to the the electrolyte being solid and inactive at a normal ambient temperature and liquid and active at high temperatures.

Thermal Battery

An illustration of Clamond's thermal battery; a thermal battery refers to the the electrolyte being…

An illustration of a thermoelectric battery.

Thermoelectric Battery

An illustration of a thermoelectric battery.

An illustration of the bottle bichromate.

Bottle Bichromate

An illustration of the bottle bichromate.

The cell was set up in a glass, or glazed earthenware, pot. This contained the chromic acid solution, the carbon plate and a porous pot. Inside the porous pot was dilute sulfuric acid, the zinc rod, and a small quantity of mercury. The mercury formed an amalgam with the zinc and this reduced "local action", i.e. unwanted dissolution of the zinc when the cell was not in use.

Fuller Bichromate

The cell was set up in a glass, or glazed earthenware, pot. This contained the chromic acid solution,…

An illustration of the Trouve bichromate.

Trouve Bichromate

An illustration of the Trouve bichromate.

This receptacle consists of the metal box designed for connections to a wiring system.

Outlet Box

This receptacle consists of the metal box designed for connections to a wiring system.

An illustration of the connections for a capacity test on a battery.

Connections for Capacity Test

An illustration of the connections for a capacity test on a battery.

In semiconductor design, standard cell methodology is a method of designing Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) with mostly digital-logic features.

Clark's Standard Cell

In semiconductor design, standard cell methodology is a method of designing Application Specific Integrated…

The Daniell cell (var. sp. Daniel cell), also called the gravity cell or crowfoot cell was invented in 1836 by John Frederic Daniell, who was a British chemist and meteorologist. The Daniell cell was a great improvement over the voltaic pile used in the early days of battery development. The Daniell cell's theoretical voltage is 1.1 volts and the chemical reaction is Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) → Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s).

Daniell Cell

The Daniell cell (var. sp. Daniel cell), also called the gravity cell or crowfoot cell was invented…

In semiconductor design, standard cell methodology is a method of designing Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) with mostly digital-logic features.

Fleming's Standard Cell

In semiconductor design, standard cell methodology is a method of designing Application Specific Integrated…

Georges Leclanché invented and patented in 1866 his battery, the Leclanché cell. It contained a conducting solution (electrolyte) of ammonium chloride, a cathode (positive terminal) of carbon, a depolarizer of manganese dioxide, and an anode (negative terminal) of zinc. The Leclanche battery was essentially a self-contained version of an earth battery, and fairly copied its design.

Leclanché Cell

Georges Leclanché invented and patented in 1866 his battery, the Leclanché cell. It contained…

An illustration of the Minotto cell.

Minotto Cell

An illustration of the Minotto cell.

An illustration of a key for a condenser.

Key for Condenser Page

An illustration of a key for a condenser.

Pathway of leakage due to the installation on damp insulation.

Electric Generator

Pathway of leakage due to the installation on damp insulation.

Electrical diagram for Gray & Davis starting and lighting installation on the Peerless, Model 56.

Electrical Diagram

Electrical diagram for Gray & Davis starting and lighting installation on the Peerless, Model 56.

"A copper wire coiled, by winding it around a piece of wood. The turns of the wire should be close together for actual experiment, they being parted in the figure to show the place of the iron to be magnetized. The best method is, to place the coiled wire, which is called the electrical helix, in a glass tube, the two ends of the wire, of course, projecting. Then placing the body to be magnetized within the folds, send the galvanic influence through the whole by placing the poles of the battery in the cups." —Comstock, 1850

Electrical Helix

"A copper wire coiled, by winding it around a piece of wood. The turns of the wire should be close together…

"The electrical machine most usually employed consists of a large circular plate of glass, mounted upon a metallic axis, and supported upon pillars fixed to a secure base, so that the plate can, by means of a handle, w, be turned with ease. Upon the supports of the glass, and fixed so as to press easily but uniformly on the plate, are four rubbers, marked r r r r in the figure; and flaps of silk, s s, oiled on one side, are attached to these, and secured to fixed supports by several silk cords. When the machine is put in motion, these flaps of silk are drawn tightly against the glass, and thus the friction is increased, and electricity excited. The points p p collect the electricity from the glass, and convey it to the conductor, c, which is supported by the glass rod g." —Wells, 1857

Electrical Machine

"The electrical machine most usually employed consists of a large circular plate of glass, mounted upon…

"A form of an electrical machine. S being the glass cylinder turning on an axis, Y the conductor, F the rubber, A A supports." —Wells, 1857

Electrical Machine

"A form of an electrical machine. S being the glass cylinder turning on an axis, Y the conductor, F…

A fixture, usually pendent from the ceiling, for holding electric lamps. The word is analogous to chandelier, from which it was formed.

Early Design Electrolier

A fixture, usually pendent from the ceiling, for holding electric lamps. The word is analogous to chandelier,…

An illustration of a quadrant electrometer. An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring electric charge or electrical potential difference. There are many different types, ranging from historical hand-made mechanical instruments to high-precision electronic devices.

Quadrant Electrometer

An illustration of a quadrant electrometer. An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring…

An electrical instrument used for measuring electric charge.

Electroscope

An electrical instrument used for measuring electric charge.

An illustration of the foster method, used to measure electric current.

Foster's Method

An illustration of the foster method, used to measure electric current.

"The galvanometer consists of two distinct coils of wire, each having the same resistance, and having equal magnetic effects upon the needle. These coils C and C' are wound in opposite directions, as shown, and one end of each is joined to the same terminal on the frame of the galvanometer; the other ends are joined to separate terminals also situated on the frame." (Britannica, 1891)

Differential Galvanometer

"The galvanometer consists of two distinct coils of wire, each having the same resistance, and having…

An illustration of an idiostatic gauge which determines the charge in the condenser.

Idiostatic Gauge

An illustration of an idiostatic gauge which determines the charge in the condenser.

"Suspend two egg-shell conductors as shown. Be sure that the shells are in contact. Bring an electrified glass rod near one of them, and slide one of the loops along the supporting rod until the shells are about 10 cm. apart. Hold the electrified rod between the shells. It will attract one and repel the other, showing that thye are oppositely electrified." -Avery 1895

Electrostatic Induction

"Suspend two egg-shell conductors as shown. Be sure that the shells are in contact. Bring an electrified…

An illustration of the loss of charge method.

Loss of Charge Method

An illustration of the loss of charge method.

"The Metre Bridge is employed - a piece of apparatus which is illustrated [here]. It consists of a wooden base, upon the upper face of which is mounted a metallic rectangle; three sides of this rectangle are formed by a broad substantial copper band - having a negligible resistance - and the fourth consists of a platinum silver wire w w joining the copper blocks P and p. This wire is exactly one meter long, and over it slides a key K, which when depressed makes contact by means of a platinum knife-edge with the wire; the exact point on the wire at which this contact is made is indicated by an arrow-head on the key, which slides against a scale, as shown." (Britannica, 1891)

Metre Bridge

"The Metre Bridge is employed - a piece of apparatus which is illustrated [here]. It consists of a wooden…

"When large quantities of electrical fluid are wanted for experiment, or for other purposes, it is procured by an electrical machine." -Comstock 1850

Plate Electrical Machine

"When large quantities of electrical fluid are wanted for experiment, or for other purposes, it is procured…

An electrical remontoire can be either a gravity or spring type. In it, the weight or spring is rewound electrically, with a motor or solenoid. It is used in clocks with traditional mechanical movements which are run on electricity.

Electrical Remontoire

An electrical remontoire can be either a gravity or spring type. In it, the weight or spring is rewound…

A diagram of Thomson's replenisher.

Diagram of Thomson's Replenisher

A diagram of Thomson's replenisher.

An illustration of Thomson's replenisher.

Thomson's Replenisher

An illustration of Thomson's replenisher.

The point at which a conductor from an electrical component, device or network comes to an end and provides a point of connection to external circuits. A terminal may simply be the end of a wire or it may be fitted with a connector or fastener.

Attachment Terminal

The point at which a conductor from an electrical component, device or network comes to an end and provides…

"Instrument designed to measure both the rate at which the electrical energy is delivered and the time that it is delivered, i.e., the number of watt-hours." -Avery 1895

Wattmeter

"Instrument designed to measure both the rate at which the electrical energy is delivered and the time…