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While a woodpecker is drilling, the two parts of the bill are closed together, making a wedge-pointed drill, and at the same time a snug case for the insect-catcher.

Woodpecker

While a woodpecker is drilling, the two parts of the bill are closed together, making a wedge-pointed…

Grain drill about 1900.

Grain Drill

Grain drill about 1900.

Single disk drill.

Single Disk Drill

Single disk drill.

The influx of Northern regiments of troops into Washington during the early days of the war rendered that city every hour in the day a scene of exciting and beautiful military display. The grounds north of the Capitol were used for brilliant dress parades and drills, which attrected throng of visitors from all parts of the city and Surrounding places. The various regiments had their cliques of admiring friends, who deemed the evolutoins of their favorites entirely unapproachable. All the troops however, in their drill and bearing were considered worthy of warm praise, and called loud cheers from the spectators.

Drilling Troops

The influx of Northern regiments of troops into Washington during the early days of the war rendered…

The new Yankee Hand Drill especially designed for working overhead.

Hand Drill

The new Yankee Hand Drill especially designed for working overhead.

This is a Brace of the well known Stanley concealed ratchet type, but having a ball bearing chuck.

Brace Drill

This is a Brace of the well known Stanley concealed ratchet type, but having a ball bearing chuck.

"Camp Dennison, sixteen miles above Cincinnati, on the banks of the Miami River, General Cox commanding- the Cleveland, Cincinnati and Columbus Railroad passed directly through the camp grounds. This camp, which was organized for a camp of instruction and drill, was situated about sixteen miles above Cincinnati, on a field of seventy-five acres, on the banks of the Miami River, surrounded by high bluffs. The Cleveland, Cincinnati and Columbus Railroad passed directly through the grounds, and this road was guarded for miles by sentries in order to watch bridges, telegraph wires and culverts, as spies were infesting the whole country. There were 18,000 men in camp, including the splendid Kentucky Regiment of Guthrie Grays, and quarters were erected for 20,000 men, who were soon on the ground. The tents were rough-board shanties, but were comfortable, and the officers had marquees erected in the rear of the regimental quarters. This brigade was under the command of General Cox, a West Point officer, and under the immediate supvervision of General George B. McClellan. It was in a beautiful location, and the troops were kept under a very strict surveillance, there being but few spectators allowed to visit the ground." — Frank Leslie, 1896

Camp Dennison

"Camp Dennison, sixteen miles above Cincinnati, on the banks of the Miami River, General Cox commanding-…

"General Berry, born in Thomaston (now Rockland), Me., August 27th, 1824, died at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2nd, 1863. He originated and commanded for several years the Rockland Guard, a volunteer company, which attained a very high reputation for drill and discipline. At the beginning of the Civil War he entered the service as colonel of the Fourth Maine Infantry. He took part in the battle of Bull Run and the siege of Yorktown, was made a brigadier general, April 4th, 1862, and was given command of the Third Brigade of the Third Division of Heintzelman's Third Army Corps. He was present at the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks, bore a conspicuous part in the Seven Days' fight, and was in the second Bull Run campaign and Chantilly. In January, 1863, he was nominated by the President as major general of volunteers, with rank dating from November 29th, 1862, confirmed by the Senate on March 9th, 1863, and placed in command of the Second Division of the Third Army Corps, succeeding General Sickles. At the battle of Chancellorsville he headed one of his brigades in several successful bayonet charges, and in one of them was killed by a shot from the enemy." —Leslie, 1896

General Hiram G. Berry

"General Berry, born in Thomaston (now Rockland), Me., August 27th, 1824, died at Chancellorsville,…

"Bird's-eye view of Camp Douglas, Chicago, Ill., used for the detention of Confederate prisoners in 1862. At the commencement of the Civil War, in 1861, a Camp of Instruction was formed near Chicago, which, in honor of the 'Little Giant,' was called Camp Douglas. Here many of the Western regiments were drilled to that state of efficiency which has borne such glorious fruits as the victories of Fort Donelson and Pittsburg Landing. In the latter part of 1862 it was converted into a prison for Confederate prisoners, over eight thousand having been confined there at one time. They were chiefly Alabamians, Mississippians and Texans. Our sketch shows the vast barracks erected on the drill grounds in 1862."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Camp Douglas

"Bird's-eye view of Camp Douglas, Chicago, Ill., used for the detention of Confederate prisoners in…

"The invasion of Pennsylvania- working on the fortifications near Harrisburg, Pa., June 16th, 1863. Our artist gives a view of the citizens of Harrisburg laboring on the fortifications of that city, showing that tardy but ineffective preparations made. Meanwhile the New York regiments all accustomed to military drill and evolution, some already tried by actual service, were hurrying to the scene of action; and on these men, till the War Department could assign regulars or volunteers, depended the safety of Pennsylvania."— Frank Leslie, 1896

Invasion of Pennsylvania

"The invasion of Pennsylvania- working on the fortifications near Harrisburg, Pa., June 16th, 1863.…

A fertilizer drill, which distributes fertilizer in a row at the desired quantity.

Fertilizer drill

A fertilizer drill, which distributes fertilizer in a row at the desired quantity.

A combination seed drill and cultivator, used for planting small seed, peas, and beans.

Combination Seed Drill and Cultivator

A combination seed drill and cultivator, used for planting small seed, peas, and beans.

A combination seed drill and cultivator.

Combination Seed Drill and Cultivator

A combination seed drill and cultivator.

"The Old South. This venerable and venerated edifice, that stood through all the storms of the Revolution, and yet remains, stands on the corner of Washington and Milk Streets. It is of brick, and was erected in 1729-30, upon the site of an edifice built by the Pedo-baptists in 1669. The ancient church was of cedar, two stories high, with a steeple, gallery, and pews. The 'Old South' was the famous gathering-place of the people during the excitements of 1773. The British troops occupied it as a circus for the drill of cavalry in 1775, after removing all the wood-work within, except the eastern gallery and the pulpit and sounding-board. The British officers felt no compunctions in thus desecrating a Presbyterian chapel. It was repaired in 1782, and remains a fine model of our early church architecture. This view is from Washington Street."—Lossing, 1851

Old South

"The Old South. This venerable and venerated edifice, that stood through all the storms of the Revolution,…

"[Left] Cook's Auger; [Right] Expanding Auger."-Whitney, 1902.

Augers

"[Left] Cook's Auger; [Right] Expanding Auger."-Whitney, 1902.

"[Left] Post-hole Auger; [Right] Earth-boring Auger."-Whitney, 1902.

Augers

"[Left] Post-hole Auger; [Right] Earth-boring Auger."-Whitney, 1902.

A drilling machine made out of nuts

Drill

A drilling machine made out of nuts

An Egyptian bow and drill.

Egyptian Bow and Drill

An Egyptian bow and drill.

A kind of pointed instrument, used for boring holes, particularly in metals and other hard substances.

Drill

A kind of pointed instrument, used for boring holes, particularly in metals and other hard substances.

A drill worked by a bow and string.

Bow-drill

A drill worked by a bow and string.

"For very small beds, drills, or furrows may be made by a simple marking-stick." — Baily, 1898

Marking-stick

"For very small beds, drills, or furrows may be made by a simple marking-stick." — Baily, 1898

A portable drill having a cutting and a feeding motion.

Clamp Drill

A portable drill having a cutting and a feeding motion.

A tool used for boring holes in metal, stone, wood, or an other hard substance.

Drill Bit

A tool used for boring holes in metal, stone, wood, or an other hard substance.

A machine used to drive piles.

Pile Driver

A machine used to drive piles.

"A ratchet brace is a powerful instrument, and carries in itself the screw for obtaining the requisite pressure. Small holes can be drilled under a light pressure with rapid rotation on the part of the drill." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Ratchet Brace

"A ratchet brace is a powerful instrument, and carries in itself the screw for obtaining the requisite…

A machine drill used to drill through rocky surfaces. Powered by steam, water or horse.

Rock Drill

A machine drill used to drill through rocky surfaces. Powered by steam, water or horse.

"An ordinary vertical drilling machine, one of comparatively small size and single-geared having been chosen rather than a larger example with greater complication. When once properly started, this machine is self-acting, but for each hole the work has to be adjusted by hand so as to bring the required portion exactly under the drill spindle, and the small size of the table prevents its being at any great distance from the edge." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Drilling Machine

"An ordinary vertical drilling machine, one of comparatively small size and single-geared having been…

"Three drill bits. The first the old, bad, but not yet quite superseded pattern, which is incapable of making a straight or clean hole of any considerable depth, and which loses its original diameter both in wear and in sharpening; the second the twist drill, which compares favourably with it in every one of these respects; and the third a pin drill, for enlarging a hole already existing." —The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1903

Drill Bits

"Three drill bits. The first the old, bad, but not yet quite superseded pattern, which is incapable…

Ingersoll-Sergeant mining drill

Mining Drill

Ingersoll-Sergeant mining drill

Darlington's Rock Drill

Darlington Drill

Darlington's Rock Drill

Darlington's rock drill

Darlington Drill

Darlington's rock drill

New Ingersoll Drill

Ingersoll Drill

New Ingersoll Drill

A drill bit for boring

Drill Bit

A drill bit for boring

A Little Champion Rock Drill

Drill

A Little Champion Rock Drill

A Little Champion Rock Drill

Drill

A Little Champion Rock Drill

A diamond drill bit

Bit

A diamond drill bit

Twist drill bit.

Twist Drill

Twist drill bit.

This set of numbers is used by a teacher to help the students practice adding numbers in columns. After they have mastered two numbers, the chart can be pulled down to show columns of three numbers to add and so on.

Roller Chart

This set of numbers is used by a teacher to help the students practice adding numbers in columns. After…

Three students work from using dots as counters in columns (left) to writing the symbolic number (right).

Place Value

Three students work from using dots as counters in columns (left) to writing the symbolic number (right).

Addition, subtraction, and multiplication wheels students use to spin and find the solutions.

Number Wheels

Addition, subtraction, and multiplication wheels students use to spin and find the solutions.

This table wheel would be used to practice the six tables. The teacher would rapidly point to the surrounding numbers and the students would enter. This can be done for addition or multiplication tables.

Table Wheel

This table wheel would be used to practice the six tables. The teacher would rapidly point to the surrounding…

This chart can be used for practice in subtraction. The teacher points to the outside numbers and the student subtracts that by six and recites the answer.

Subtraction Chart

This chart can be used for practice in subtraction. The teacher points to the outside numbers and the…

This chart can be used for practice in subtraction. The teacher points to the outside numbers and the student subtracts that by six and recites the answer.

Subtraction Chart

This chart can be used for practice in subtraction. The teacher points to the outside numbers and the…

An auger is a device for moving material or liquid (see Archimedes' screw) by means of a rotating helical flighting. The material is moved along the axis of rotation. For some uses the helical 'flighting' is enclosed in a tube, for other uses the flighting is not encased. An integral part of a drill, the auger of the drill bit, uses this mechanism to remove shavings from the hole being drilled.

Auger

An auger is a device for moving material or liquid (see Archimedes' screw) by means of a rotating helical…

A brace or brace and bit is a hand tool used to drill holes, usually in wood. Pressure is applied to the top and the tool is rotated with a U-shaped grip. The U-shaped part is a kind of crankshaft. It gives the brace much greater torque than other kinds of hand drill; a brace can be used to drill much wider, and deeper, holes than can a gear-driven hand drill.

Brace and Bits

A brace or brace and bit is a hand tool used to drill holes, usually in wood. Pressure is applied to…

It consists of a steam cylinder and piston and its rod, and to the rod is firmly secured a steel rock-drill. The cylinder is supported upon a heavy tripod that may stand in any position and present the point of the drill in any direction. The steam or compressed air is conveyed to the cylinder through a hose, and when ready for work it delivers its tremendous thundering blows upon the rock in rapid succession.

Pneumatic Rock Drill

It consists of a steam cylinder and piston and its rod, and to the rod is firmly secured a steel rock-drill.…

"A drill to which a steady momentum is imparted by means of a fly-wheel having a reciprocating motion like that of the balance-wheel of a watch." -Whitney, 1911

Fly Drill

"A drill to which a steady momentum is imparted by means of a fly-wheel having a reciprocating motion…

An illustration of soldiers training.

Soldiers Training

An illustration of soldiers training.

The original meaning of military tattoo is a military drum performance, but nowadays it sometimes means army displays more generally.

Military Tattoo

The original meaning of military tattoo is a military drum performance, but nowadays it sometimes means…

An illustration of a man looking at a formation of men.

Man Looking at Formation of Men

An illustration of a man looking at a formation of men.

A step block supported by an arm clamp also holds a work piece which has been machined. The step block has a generally right angled triangular configuration and has a saw-teeth portion on the inclined side

Stepping Block

A step block supported by an arm clamp also holds a work piece which has been machined. The step block…

Gold mining consists of the processes and techniques employed in the removal of gold from the ground. There are several techniques by which gold may be extracted from the earth.

Original Gold Mining Device

Gold mining consists of the processes and techniques employed in the removal of gold from the ground.…

A trommel is a screened cylinder used to separate materials by size, separating the biodegradable fraction of mixed municipal waste or separating different sizes of crushed stone.

Mining Machine

A trommel is a screened cylinder used to separate materials by size, separating the biodegradable fraction…

"For brass or other soft metals there may be used with advantage a twist drill as shown. The cutting edges of the drill are ground straight and in line with the body of the drill for a distance of 0.03 to 0.06 in. = 0.8 to 1.6 mm. This prevents the breaking of the drill when it goes through the work—piece." —Grimshaw, 1902

Twist Drills for Brass

"For brass or other soft metals there may be used with advantage a twist drill as shown. The cutting…

This is the body attachment for a drilling machine which is composed of the adjustable socket which houses the drill bit component that actually makes contact with the material.

Drill and Socket Construction

This is the body attachment for a drilling machine which is composed of the adjustable socket which…

This is a hammer drill, also known as a rotary hammer, a pneumatically powered mechanism which uses percussion to penetrate rock.

Device for Hammer Drill

This is a hammer drill, also known as a rotary hammer, a pneumatically powered mechanism which uses…

A high powered pneumatic or electrically driven device for boring holes into rock.

Rock Drill

A high powered pneumatic or electrically driven device for boring holes into rock.

An electric or manual drill, which has jaws and a collar that is tightened to grip and hold the drill bit.

Drill Chuck

An electric or manual drill, which has jaws and a collar that is tightened to grip and hold the drill…

A combination vise, anvil, and drill tool.

Combination Tool

A combination vise, anvil, and drill tool.

A style of drill that is mounted on a stand or bolted to the floor or workbench.

Standard Drill Press

A style of drill that is mounted on a stand or bolted to the floor or workbench.