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A small beetle of a dark brown color spotted with black, yellow, and white.

Plum Weevil

A small beetle of a dark brown color spotted with black, yellow, and white.

"Any two colors standing opposite each other are complementary to each other. If such colors are blended, the resultant is white light; if any two alternate color are blended, the resultant will be the color that appears between them in the figure." — Avery, 1895

Complementary color wheel

"Any two colors standing opposite each other are complementary to each other. If such colors are blended,…

"A proof-plane may be made by cementing a bronze cent or a disk of gilt paper to a thin insulating handle, as a glass tube or a vulcanite rod. Slide the disk of the proof-plane along the surface of the electrified body to be tested, and quickly bring it into contact with the knob of the gold-leaf electroscope, the leaves of which will diverge." — Avery, 1895

Hand with Proof-plane

"A proof-plane may be made by cementing a bronze cent or a disk of gilt paper to a thin insulating handle,…

A converging leaf, curved inward.

Converginerved Leaf

A converging leaf, curved inward.

A genus of leguminous shrubs and trees, natives of tropical America and Africa. 1

Copaifera

A genus of leguminous shrubs and trees, natives of tropical America and Africa. 1

A heart shaped leaf with a sharp apex.

Cordate Leaf

A heart shaped leaf with a sharp apex.

A bird about 12 inches long, with a pointed crest somewhat like a cockatoo's. Long exserted midle tail feathers, and dark plumage with white wing coverts, yellow crest, and orange auriculars.

Cockatiel

A bird about 12 inches long, with a pointed crest somewhat like a cockatoo's. Long exserted midle tail…

A bulb like solid, fleshy subterranean stem, producing leaves and buds on the upper surface.

Corm

A bulb like solid, fleshy subterranean stem, producing leaves and buds on the upper surface.

A tree with huge fan shaped leaves, native to the tropics.

Palm Tree

A tree with huge fan shaped leaves, native to the tropics.

"There are scores of men in long gowns, with white, red, blue, or green turbans about their heads." —Carpenter, 1902

Turkish men

"There are scores of men in long gowns, with white, red, blue, or green turbans about their heads."…

Scene from the story, <em>The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.</em>

Grey and White Castles

Scene from the story, The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.

Scene from the story, <em>The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.</em>

Grey and White Castles

Scene from the story, The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.

Scene from the story, <em>The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.</em>

Grey and White Castles

Scene from the story, The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.

Scene from the story, <em>The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.</em>

Grey and White Castles

Scene from the story, The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.

Scene from the story, <em>The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.</em>

Grey and White Castles

Scene from the story, The Lords of the Grey and White Castles.

A frame of maple leaves.

Maple Leaf

A frame of maple leaves.

A small yellowish white shell with a fine gloss, used as money by various people.

Money Cowry

A small yellowish white shell with a fine gloss, used as money by various people.

A leaf with many notches

Crenated Leaf

A leaf with many notches

"The Umbrella Bird is a native of Peru. It is about the size of a crow, with deep black plumage; the head is adorned with a large spreading crest, which arises from a contractile skin, and capable of being erected at will; the shafts of the crest-feathers are white, and the plumes glossy blue, hair-like and curved outward at the tips. When the crest is laid back the shafts form a compact white mass, sloping up from the back of the head; when it is erected the shafts radiate on all sides from the top of the head, reaching in front beyond and below the beak, which is thus completely concealed from view. A long cylindrical plume hangs down from the middle of the neck; the feathers of the plume lap over each other like scales, and are bordered with metallic blue. Umbrella birds associate in small flocks, and live almost entirely upon fruits. Their cry, which resembles the lowing of a cow, is most frequently heard just before sunrise and after sunset."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Umbrellabird

"The Umbrella Bird is a native of Peru. It is about the size of a crow, with deep black plumage; the…

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

A scene from the story, <em>The Memoirs of A White Elephant</em>.

The Memoirs of a White Elephant

A scene from the story, The Memoirs of A White Elephant.

Doorways on Madison Avenue. G. E. Harney, and McKim, Mead, and White, Archiects.

Doorways

Doorways on Madison Avenue. G. E. Harney, and McKim, Mead, and White, Archiects.

Gulls are in general medium to large birds, typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.

Gull

Gulls are in general medium to large birds, typically grey or white, often with black markings on the…

A wampum was made of pieces of shining shell, strung, like beads, on strips of deerskin. With some Indians white beads meant peace, and black ones war or danger. Several strings woven together formed a strip which meant peace, and black ones war or danger. Several strings woven together formed a strip which meant, "This belt preserves my word." Wampum often served the Indian for money. When one tribe wished to send a message to another, a belt of wampum had to accompany it, or the message would not be received.

Wampum

A wampum was made of pieces of shining shell, strung, like beads, on strips of deerskin. With some Indians…

The White House in Washington, D. C.

White House

The White House in Washington, D. C.

A white bear or polar bear.

Polar Bear

A white bear or polar bear.

A class of small insects or beetles found commonly on plants and trees. They are noted for their various colors, such as yellow, red, and black and white variegated. The body is spherical, flat at the lower surface, and legs and head are small.

Ladybird

A class of small insects or beetles found commonly on plants and trees. They are noted for their various…

"This pruning or shortening of the roots causes the production of a new set of fibres from the severed ends. It also causes other roots to push out near the crown, and if a plant thus pruned be taken up in a few weeks after planting, its roots will appear somewhat as shown." —Fuller, 1910

Plant with Roots Pruned

"This pruning or shortening of the roots causes the production of a new set of fibres from the severed…

"Large oblong or oblong conical, sometimes flattene, seeds but slightly imbedded; color scarlet; flesh firm, solid; nearly white, of good flavor." &mdash;Fuller, 1910

Durand strawberry

"Large oblong or oblong conical, sometimes flattene, seeds but slightly imbedded; color scarlet; flesh…

"A tiny block of tissue from the membrane lining the inner surface of the nose. Note the hundreds of cillia and the gland m which gives out the slippery white or colorless fluid called mucus." —Davison, 1910

Section of Nasal Tissue

"A tiny block of tissue from the membrane lining the inner surface of the nose. Note the hundreds of…

An annual plant cultivated in gardens, and which serves as a salad. There are many species, most of which attain a height of two feet, bear yellowish flowers, and have variously formed leaves.

Lettuce

An annual plant cultivated in gardens, and which serves as a salad. There are many species, most of…

An ornamental plant of the genius lilium, characterized by an erect stem from a scaly bulb, numerous narror sessily leaves, and one or more large and erect or nodding flowers.

Tiger Lily

An ornamental plant of the genius lilium, characterized by an erect stem from a scaly bulb, numerous…

A genus of plants of the family liliaceae, native to the bushy places of America and Eurasia. It has oblong leaves, and cup-shaped flowers noted for their agreeable odor.

Lily of the Valley

A genus of plants of the family liliaceae, native to the bushy places of America and Eurasia. It has…

A genus of ornamental shrubs and trees, native to North America, China, India, Japan, and other portions of Eurasia. There are many species noted for their great beauty, handsome flowers, and evergreen or deciduous leaves.

Magnolia

A genus of ornamental shrubs and trees, native to North America, China, India, Japan, and other portions…

"The Consumer's League is trying to raise standards in relation to the sanitation of workrooms and shops in which clothing is made, and to improve the wages, working hours, and conditions of women's white underwear." &mdash;Kinne, 1920

Consumers' League Label

"The Consumer's League is trying to raise standards in relation to the sanitation of workrooms and shops…

A grass extensively cultivated in some sections of the United States for forage. There are numerous species, most of which bear stalks and leaves of value for feed in the green and dry state, and form wholesome food products for cattle, sheep, horses, and mules.

Millet

A grass extensively cultivated in some sections of the United States for forage. There are numerous…

A family of climbing plants, including many species. They are familiarly known as favorite flowering plants, and are cultivated extensively in gardens. The vines climb to heights of from ten to twenty feet, and produce funnelshaped flowers of white, purple, pink, blue and varigated colors.

Morning Glory

A family of climbing plants, including many species. They are familiarly known as favorite flowering…

A genus of plants native to western Asia, but now naturalized quite extensively in Europe and other regions. The leaves are opposite, flowers axillary or terminal, and mostly white or pink colored.

Myrtle

A genus of plants native to western Asia, but now naturalized quite extensively in Europe and other…

A genus of aquatic herbs of the mustard famil, known generally as the water-cresses. The leaves in most species are pinnate, the flowers are yellow or white, and the seeds are borne in a marginless pod in which they are arranged in two irregular rows.

Nasturtium

A genus of aquatic herbs of the mustard famil, known generally as the water-cresses. The leaves in most…

The head of a White-Bellied Nuthatch.

White-Bellied Nuthatch

The head of a White-Bellied Nuthatch.

The head of a White-Bellied Swallow.

Swallow

The head of a White-Bellied Swallow.

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in the old city of Herat. It consists of a rosette between two lancet-shaped leaves which very much resemble fish. On account of this resemblance it is often called the fish pattern. It has been utilized with many modifications in half of the rug-making sections of the Orient. It may be found in its original form in many of the Persian fabrics, especially the Herat, the Feraghan, the Khorasan, and the Senna. When in the body of the rug it is generally arranged as a diaper, covering all or a considerable portion of it. Sometimes it appears in combination with square or diamond-shaped figures. The Herati border is found in a great many of the Persian and in some of the Caucasian fabrics.

Herati Design

Also known as the fish, twin fish and Feraghan designs. Better known as the Herati. It originated in…

A bird of song, belonging to the thrush family. The plumage of both sexes is alike, being reddishbrown above the grayish-white beneath. In most species the tail is rufous and the breast dark-hued.

Nightingale

A bird of song, belonging to the thrush family. The plumage of both sexes is alike, being reddishbrown…

A genus of birds found widely distributed in Eurasia, which somewhat resemble the starlings and woodpeckers. They have a cone-shaped bill and square-cut tail, and the plumage is of different shades of brown, studded with long white spots.

Nuthatch

A genus of birds found widely distributed in Eurasia, which somewhat resemble the starlings and woodpeckers.…

Sometimes called the tree of life. Always associated with religious belief. It symbolizes Divine power and perpetual life. It has furnished more different art motives than any other object and is almost omnipresent in Persian prayer rugs. The palm signifies a blessing or benediction, the weeping willow stands for death, and the cypress, while being an emblem of mourning, in its perennial freshness and the durability of its wood, is also a very practical symbol of the life to come. It is an Oriental custom to plant cypress trees on the graves of the dead, to place its twigs in the coffins of the dead, and to use its branches to indicate the houses of mourning. In India the cocoanut palm is considered "the tree of desire" or one that fulfils all desires. Its stem serves as a pillar or beam, as a water conduit and as fuel; its leaves supply mats for roofing the houses; its kernel supplies oil; its shell makes water bowls, and the oil of the shell is used as an external application in certain skin affections, etc. It is all useful and supplies all the primitive wants and therefore was much cultivated by the Rishis (Saints) of old, who called it "kalpa taru," literally the tree that supplies all desires. Its presence therefore is auspicious.

Tree Design

Sometimes called the tree of life. Always associated with religious belief. It symbolizes Divine power…

Sometimes called the tree of life. Always associated with religious belief. It symbolizes Divine power and perpetual life. It has furnished more different art motives than any other object and is almost omnipresent in Persian prayer rugs. The palm signifies a blessing or benediction, the weeping willow stands for death, and the cypress, while being an emblem of mourning, in its perennial freshness and the durability of its wood, is also a very practical symbol of the life to come. It is an Oriental custom to plant cypress trees on the graves of the dead, to place its twigs in the coffins of the dead, and to use its branches to indicate the houses of mourning. In India the cocoanut palm is considered "the tree of desire" or one that fulfils all desires. Its stem serves as a pillar or beam, as a water conduit and as fuel; its leaves supply mats for roofing the houses; its kernel supplies oil; its shell makes water bowls, and the oil of the shell is used as an external application in certain skin affections, etc. It is all useful and supplies all the primitive wants and therefore was much cultivated by the Rishis (Saints) of old, who called it "kalpa taru," literally the tree that supplies all desires. Its presence therefore is auspicious.

Tree Design

Sometimes called the tree of life. Always associated with religious belief. It symbolizes Divine power…