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"Warbler is a popular name often applied to well-known singing birds of northern climes, whose notes are heard in wood, and hedge, and orchard, many of which commonly receive other popular names, as the blackcap, nightingale, hedgesparrow, redbreast, redstart, stonechat, wheatear, whitethroat, etc., while many receive the name warbler with some adjunct– reed warbler, etc. The more typical genera comprise birds of small size and plain plumage, usually alike in both sexes; most of them are migratory, going a long way S. of their breeding haunts to winter. Numerous species of warblers are found in North America, as suburban and country residents know, when the sunshine of May ushers in the summertime. They are birds of brighter plumage than the Old World warblers, but resemble them in their habits, and are also migrants."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Reed Warbler

"Warbler is a popular name often applied to well-known singing birds of northern climes, whose notes…

"Warbler is a popular name often applied to well-known singing birds of northern climes, whose notes are heard in wood, and hedge, and orchard, many of which commonly receive other popular names, as the blackcap, nightingale, hedgesparrow, redbreast, redstart, stonechat, wheatear, whitethroat, etc., while many receive the name warbler with some adjunct– reed warbler, etc. The more typical genera comprise birds of small size and plain plumage, usually alike in both sexes; most of them are migratory, going a long way S. of their breeding haunts to winter. Numerous species of warblers are found in North America, as suburban and country residents know, when the sunshine of May ushers in the summertime. They are birds of brighter plumage than the Old World warblers, but resemble them in their habits, and are also migrants."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Nest of Reed Warbler

"Warbler is a popular name often applied to well-known singing birds of northern climes, whose notes…

"Water Flea is a popular name for minute aquatic Crustaceans such as daphnia, cypris, and cyclops. The common Daphnia pulex, abundant in fresh water, is a good representative. The body is enclosed in a bivalve shell; there is a large single eye; a pair of large antennæ are used as swimming organs. The daphnids are marvellously prolific, and for prolonged periods parthenogenetic. There is an interesting difference between the winter eggs which require fertilization and the summer eggs which do not. The females have a dorsal brood chamber betwen the shell and the back. Water fleas fed on microscopic plants and animals and on organic debris, while they themselves– often occurring in countless swarms– form an important part of the food supply of certain fishes."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Daphnia Pulex Water Flea

"Water Flea is a popular name for minute aquatic Crustaceans such as daphnia, cypris, and cyclops. The…

"Water Beetles are beetles which live on or in the water. The Dytiscus, common in stagnant water, is olive-green above, and oval in shape. The respiratory organs of the perfect insect are not adapted to obaining air from the water; it comes occasionally to the surface of the water for air, where it lies on its back, the openings of its air tubes in the last segment of the abdomen, being exposed."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Water Beetle

"Water Beetles are beetles which live on or in the water. The Dytiscus, common in stagnant water, is…

"Whale is a name that may be taken as equivalent to Cetacean, and applied to any member of that order of mammals, which inculdes two great sets: the toothed whales, such as sperm whale and dolphin, and the whale-bone whales, such as right whale and rorqual, in which the teeth are only embryonic. The order Cetacea is usually divided into three sub-orders: (1) the Mystacoceti or Balænoidea, baleen or whalebone whales; (2) the Odontoceti or Delphinoidea, toothed whales; and (3) the Archæoceti or extinct Zeuglodonts. The differences between the extant sub-orders are so great that any idea of the close relationship must be abandoned; their common ancestry must be far back, and indeed it is doubtful whether our classification might not be brought nearer the truth by recognizing two distinct orders. Less specialized than the modern types are the extinct Zeuglododonts of the Eocene period, but it is by no means certain that they should be included within the order Cetacea."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Whale

"Whale is a name that may be taken as equivalent to Cetacean, and applied to any member of that order…

"Woodpecker is the popular name of the old Linnæan genus Picus, now greatly divided. Woodpeckers have a slender body, powerful beak, and protrusile tongue, which is sharp, barbed, and pointed, and covered with a glutinous secretion derived from glands in the throat, this coating being renewed every time the tongue is drawn within the bill. The tail is stiff and serves as a support when the birds are clinging to the branches or stems of trees. Woodpeckers are very widely distributed, but abound chiefly in warm climates. They are solitary in habit, and live in the depths of forests. Fruits, seeds, and insects constitute their food, and in pursuit of the latter they exhibit wonderful dexterity, climbing with astonishing quickness on the trunks and branches of trees, and when, by tapping with their bills, a rotten place has been discovered, they dig vigorously in search of the grubs or larvæ beneath the bark."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Green Woodpecker

"Woodpecker is the popular name of the old Linnæan genus Picus, now greatly divided. Woodpeckers…

"Wren is a genus of birds, having a slender, slightly curved, and pointed bill; the wings very short and rounded; the tail short, and carried erect; the legs slender, and rather long. Their plumage is generally dull. They are abundant in the neotropical region, less common in the nearctic, palæarctic, and parts of the Oriental regions. They live on or near the ground, seeking for insects and worms among low brushes, and in other similar situations. The common or European wren is found in all parts of Erurope, and in Morocco and Algeria, and in Asia Minor and Northern Persia. The common wren is more abundant in the N. than in the central and S. parts of Europe. It frequents gardens, hedges, and thickets. Its flight is not long sustained; it merely flits from bush to bush, or from one stone to another, with very rapid motion of the wings. It sometimes ascends trees, nearly in the manner of creepers."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Wren

"Wren is a genus of birds, having a slender, slightly curved, and pointed bill; the wings very short…

"These animals are generally called <em>Tree-corals</em>, on account of the forms of the polypidons which they build and in which they live. They are very small, and possess twelve short tentacles placed in a circle around the mouth; they occupy the cells in the polypidom, which is of a porus nature, the openings of the cells being placed at the summits of tubercular prominences of greater or lesser elevations. " &mdash; Goodrich, 1859

Tree-coral

"These animals are generally called Tree-corals, on account of the forms of the polypidons…

Maryland shilling from Colonial period

Maryland Shilling

Maryland shilling from Colonial period

"The <em>spine</em> or backbone, serves as a support for the whole body. It is made up of a number of seperate bones called vertebrae, between which are placed elastic pads, or cushions, of cartilage." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Spinal column

"The spine or backbone, serves as a support for the whole body. It is made up of a number of…

"The <em>shoulder-blade</em> is a large, flat, three-sided bone, which is placed on the upper and back part of the chest. On the outer side it has a saucerlike cavity on which the rounded head of the arm bone rests." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Scapula

"The shoulder-blade is a large, flat, three-sided bone, which is placed on the upper and back…

"Tendons on the Back of the Left Hand" &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Tendons of the hand

"Tendons on the Back of the Left Hand" — Blaisedell, 1904

"Some of the Larger Muscles on the Back of the Shoulder and the Arm." — Blaisedell, 1904

Muscles of the Back and Shoulder

"Some of the Larger Muscles on the Back of the Shoulder and the Arm." — Blaisedell, 1904

"Some of the Larger Muscles on the back of the Thigh. Powerful tendons at the hip and on the back of the knee are well shown." — Blaisedell, 1904

Thigh Muscles

"Some of the Larger Muscles on the back of the Thigh. Powerful tendons at the hip and on the back of…

"One of the Deep Layers of Muscles of the Neck and the Back." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Muscles of the neck and back

"One of the Deep Layers of Muscles of the Neck and the Back." — Blaisedell, 1904

"The head is represented as having been thrown back, and the tongue drawn forward. <em>A</em>, <em>B</em> and <em>C</em>, cainine; <em>D, E</em> bicuspids; <em>F, H, K,</em> molars; <em>M</em> anterior pillar of the fauces; <em>N</em>, tonsil; <em>L</em> uvula; <em>O</em>, upper part of the pharynx; <em>P</em>, tongue drawn forward; <em>R</em> linear ridge, or raphe</em>." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Back view of the adult mouth

"The head is represented as having been thrown back, and the tongue drawn forward. A, B…

"<em>A</em>, a muscle which aids in pushing the food down the esophagus; <em>B</em>, esophagus; <em>C</em>, section of the right bronchus; <em>D</em>, two right pulmonary veins; <em>E</em>, great azygos vein crossing the esophagus to empty into the superior vena cava, <em>F</em>, thoracic duct; <em>H</em>, thoracic aorta; <em>K</em>, lower portion of the esophagus passing through the diaphragm; <em>L</em>, diaphragm as it appears in sectional view, enveloping the heart; <em>M</em>, inferior vena cava, passing through the diaphragm and emptying into the right auricle; <em>N</em>, right auricle; <em>O</em>, section of the right branch of the pulminary artery; <em>P</em>, aorta; <em>R</em>, superior vena cava; <em>S</em>, trachea." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Lateral section of the chest

"A, a muscle which aids in pushing the food down the esophagus; B, esophagus; C,…

"Hydrozoon is a name given to the great class of the sub-kingdom C&oelig;lenterata, of which hydra is the type. They exhibit a definite histological structure, their tissues having a cellular organization. These tissues are two, an outer or ectoderm, and an inner or endoderm. In most the prey is seized by tentacles surrounding the mouth and furnished with offensive weapons called thread cells, The hydrozoa are all aquatic, and nearly all marine. Their distribution is world-wide. [Pictured] Hydra fusca, with a young bud at b, and a more advanced bud at c."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Hydrozoon

"Hydrozoon is a name given to the great class of the sub-kingdom Cœlenterata, of which hydra is…

"<em>A</em>, superior vena cava; <em>B</em>, right auricle; <em>C</em>, right ventricle; <em>D</em> left ventricle; <em>E</em>, left auricle; <em>F</em> pulminary vein; <em>H</em>, pulminary artery; <em>K</em> aorta; <em>L</em>, right subclavian artery; <em>N</em>, left common carotid artery." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Anterior view of the heart

"A, superior vena cava; B, right auricle; C, right ventricle; D…

"Iguana is a genus of saurian reptiles, natives of Brazil, Cayenne, the Bahamas, and neighboring localities in the New World. It was formerly very common in Jamaica, but is now becoming gradually rarer. It has a lizard-like form, with a long tail, and an average length of about four feet, though it sometimes reaches a length of fully six feet. Its head is large and covered with large scales. The food of the Iguana consists almost entirely of fruits, fungi, and other vegetable substances, though it occasionally feeds on eggs, insects, and various animal substances. When domesticated it eats leaves and flowers. Along the whole length of the back to the tip of the tail there is a crest of elevated, compressed, pointed scales, while over the lower part of the head and neck there is a deep, thin dewlap or throat pouch, the border describing a curved line and dentilated at the part nearest the chin."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Iguana

"Iguana is a genus of saurian reptiles, natives of Brazil, Cayenne, the Bahamas, and neighboring localities…

"<em>L.A.</em>, left auricle; <em>R.A.</em>, right auricle; <em>R.V.</em>, right ventricle; <em>A</em>, opening of the inferior vena cava; <em>B</em>, superior vena cava; <em>C</em>, right pulmonary veins; <em>D</em>, left pulmonary veins; <em>E</em>aorta; <em>F</em>, left branch of pulmonary artery; <em>G</em>, great cardiac vein; <em>H</em>middle cardiac vein. the cardiac lymphatics which follow the course of the cardiac veins are also shown." — Blaisedell, 1904

Posterior View of the Heart

"L.A., left auricle; R.A., right auricle; R.V., right ventricle; A,…

"Jay is the popular name of a species of birds belonging to the crow family, of a vinous red color; the back pale gray; the rump and upper tail coverts white; the tail black or gray, with bluish-gray bars; the wing coverts light gray, in the median series light gray inclining to chestnut; the bastard wing or primary coverts barred with black or bright cobalt blue; headed with an erectile crest; forehead white, streaked with black. Length about 13 inches. It is a beautiful bird, but attacks peas and other garden crops, to which it is very destructive, especially in the vicinity of woods and forests, alnd also easts worms, larv&aelig;, and snails. It is often kept as a cage bird. The common blue jay is found over a large portion of North and South America. The green jay of the Unites States is well known."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Jay

"Jay is the popular name of a species of birds belonging to the crow family, of a vinous red color;…

"Kinkajou is a genus of carnivorous mammals. They have prehensile tails, with which they hang on to trees. They have some affinity to the lemurs, of which they are the partial representatives in the New World, where they occur in South America and in Mexico. The best known species is about a foot long, with a tail of 18 inches. It feeds upon fruit, insects, and birds."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Kinkajou

"Kinkajou is a genus of carnivorous mammals. They have prehensile tails, with which they hang on to…

"Larynx, Trachea, and the Bronchi. (Front view.) <em>A</em>, epiglottis; <em>B</em>, thyroid cartilage; <em>C</em>, cricothyroid membrane, connecting with the cricoid cartilage below, all forming the larynx; <em>D</em>, rings of the trachea." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Trachea

"Larynx, Trachea, and the Bronchi. (Front view.) A, epiglottis; B, thyroid cartilage;…

"<em>A</em>, epithelial lining wall; <em>B</em>, partition between two adjacent sacs, in which run capillaries; <em>C</em>, fibers of elastic tissues." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Diagrammatic view of an air sac

"A, epithelial lining wall; B, partition between two adjacent sacs, in which run capillaries;…

"Lizard is the popular name of numerous reptiles having usually two pairs of limbs and an elongated body terminating in a tail. The lizards number more than a thousand species, accommodating themselves to all conditions except cold, and increasing in size and number in tropical regions. Some lizards are vegetable feeders, but for the most part they are carnivorous and live upon small birds, insects, etc. The eggs are deposited and left to be hatched without care from the parents. The chief families of lizards are the skinks; the geckos; the iguana; and the chameleons. Poison glands are wanting in the lizards; the only exception being the Heloderma of Arizona and Mexico, which is capable of inflicting a poisonous bite by means of poison glands connected with grooved teeth."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Lizard

"Lizard is the popular name of numerous reptiles having usually two pairs of limbs and an elongated…

"Concave or Adherent Surface of the Nail. <em>A</em>, border of the root; <em>B</em>, whitish portion of semi-lunar shape; <em>C</em>, body of nail. The continuous line around border represents the free edge." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Surface of a nail

"Concave or Adherent Surface of the Nail. A, border of the root; B, whitish portion…

"<em>A</em>, section of cutaneous fold turned back to show root of nail; <em>B</em>, cutaneous fold covering root of nail; <em>C</em>, semilunar whitish portion; <em>D</em>, body of nail." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Nail in position

"A, section of cutaneous fold turned back to show root of nail; B, cutaneous fold…

"The spinal column below the twelfth dorsal vertebra at <em>A</em> has been removed, as well as the various layers of the great muscles of the back. The two kidneys with the renal arteries and veins are plainly shown, in their normal positions. The relative positions of adjacent vessels and organs with their names printed upon them are also shown. <em>B</em>, portion of the diaphragm on the left side; <em>C</em>, receptaculum chyli; <em>D</em>, a part of the small intestine on the left side." — Blaisedell, 1904

Vertical Section of the Back

"The spinal column below the twelfth dorsal vertebra at A has been removed, as well as the…

"Diagram illustrating the General Arrangement of the Nervous System. (posterior view.)" — Blaisedell, 1904

Nervous System

"Diagram illustrating the General Arrangement of the Nervous System. (posterior view.)" — Blaisedell,…

"The cranial nerves are thus arranged in pairs: 1, olfactory nerves, special nerves of smell; 2, optic nerves, passing to each eyeball, devoted to sight; 3, 4, and 6 control the muscles fo the eyes; 5, trifacial in three branches, which proceed mainly to the face, partly sensory and partly motor; 7, facial nerves, controlling the facial muscles; 8, auditory, or nerves of hearing; 9, glossopharyngeal nerves, partly sensory and partly motor: each nerve contains two roots, one a nerve of taste, the other a motor nerve, which controls the muscles engaged in swallowing; 10, pneumogastric nerves; 11, spinal accessory nerves, supplying some of the muscles of the neck and back; 12, hypoglossal nerves, controlling the movements of the tongue in speech and swallowing." — Blaisedell, 1904

Distribution of the Cranial Nerves

"The cranial nerves are thus arranged in pairs: 1, olfactory nerves, special nerves of smell; 2, optic…

"Superficial, or Cutaneous, Nerves on the Back of the Left Forearm and Hand." — Blaisedell, 1904

Superficial Nerves of the Forearm and Hand

"Superficial, or Cutaneous, Nerves on the Back of the Left Forearm and Hand." — Blaisedell, 1904

"The Main Nerve Trunks of the Right Forearm, showing the Accompanying Radial and Ulnar Arteries. (Anterior view.)" &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Nerve trunks

"The Main Nerve Trunks of the Right Forearm, showing the Accompanying Radial and Ulnar Arteries. (Anterior…

"A Great Nerve (Posterior Tibial) on the Back of the Leg, with its Accompanying Artery of the Same Name." — Blaisedell, 1904

Great Nerve

"A Great Nerve (Posterior Tibial) on the Back of the Leg, with its Accompanying Artery of the Same Name."…

"<em>A</em>, pinna; <em>B</em>, cavity of the concha, showing the openings of a great number of sebaceous glands; <em>C</em>, external auditory meatus; <em>D</em>, typanic membrane; <em>F</em>, incus; <em>H</em>, malleus; <em>K</em>, handle of malleus applied to the internal surface of the membrana typani; <em>L</em>, tensor typani muscle; between <em>M</em> and <em>K</em> is the tymphanic cavity; <em>N</em> Eustachian tube; <em>O,P,</em> semicircular canals; <em>R</em>, internal auditory canal; <em>S</em>, large nerve given off from the facial nerve; <em>T</em>, facial and auditory nerves." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

General view of organ of hearing

"A, pinna; B, cavity of the concha, showing the openings of a great number of sebaceous…

<em>A</em> and <em>C</em>, lachrymal canals; <em>B</em>, lachrymal sac; <em>D</em>, small muscle which serves to compress the lachrymal sac; <em>F</em>, glands upon the inner surface of the eyelids, with ducts opening upon the free margins of the eyelids; <em>H</em>, great openings, or antrum, of the upper jawbone. The oil glands of the nose are plainly shown." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Eyelids and lachrymal apparatus

A and C, lachrymal canals; B, lachrymal sac; D, small muscle which…

"Lotus is a name given to various flowers, including several beautiful species of water lily, especially the blue water lily, and the Egyptian water lily which grow in stagnant and slowly running water in the S. of Asia and N. of Africa. The latter grows in the Nile and adjacent rivulets and has a large white flower. The root is eaten by the people who live near the lake Manzaleh. It was the rose of ancient Egypt, the favorite flower of the country, and was often made into wreaths or garlands."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Egyptian Water Lily

"Lotus is a name given to various flowers, including several beautiful species of water lily, especially…

"The Lump Fish, or Sucker, is named from the clumsiness of its form. The back is arched and sharp, the belly flat, the body covered with numerous bony tubercles, the ventral fins modified into a sucker, by means of which it adheres with great force to any substance to which it applies itself. It frequents the N. seas."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Lumpfish

"The Lump Fish, or Sucker, is named from the clumsiness of its form. The back is arched and sharp, the…

"Mastodon is an extinct genus of proboscideans, closely allied to the true elephants. The genus ranged in time from the middle of the Miocene period to the end of the Pliocene in the Old World, when they became extinct. In America several species survived to a late leistocene period. "&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Mastodon

"Mastodon is an extinct genus of proboscideans, closely allied to the true elephants. The genus ranged…

"Midas was, in Greek legend, a King of Phrygia. For his kindness to Silenus he was promised by Dionysus whatever he should ask, and in his folly he asked that everything he touched should become gold; but, as the very food he touched was at once changed into gold, he was soon fain to implore the god to take back his fatal gift. He was told to bathe in the sources of the Pactolus, and from that day to this its sands have yielded grains of gold. 600 B. C."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Tomb of Midas

"Midas was, in Greek legend, a King of Phrygia. For his kindness to Silenus he was promised by Dionysus…

"The Relative Position of the Lachrymal Apparatus, the Eyeball, and the Eyelids. <I>A</em>, lachrymal canals, with the minute orifices represented as two black dots to the right; <em>B</em>, tendon attached to a muscle which surrounds the circumference of the orbit and eyelids; under <em>B</em> is seen the lachrymal sac. The minute openings of the Meibomian glands are seen on the free margins of the eyelids. Below <em>A</em> is seen a small conical elevation, with black dots (the lachrymal papilla, or caruncle)." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Eyeball

"The Relative Position of the Lachrymal Apparatus, the Eyeball, and the Eyelids. A, lachrymal canals,…

"Diagram of a Sectional View of Nasal and Throat Passageways. <em>C</em>, nasal cavities; <em>T</em>, tongue; <em>L</em>, lower jaw; <em>M</em>, Mouth; <em>U</em>, uvula; <em>E</em>, epiglottis; <em>G</em>, larynx; <em>O</em>, gullet, or esophagus." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Nasal and throat passageways

"Diagram of a Sectional View of Nasal and Throat Passageways. C, nasal cavities; T,…

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) <em>A</em>, hyoid bone; <em>B</em>, membrane attached to hyoid bone and the shield-shaped cartilage below (thyroid); edges of this shield-shaped cartilage unite at <em>C</em> (Adam's apple is the V-shaped groove on a line with <em>B</em> and <em>C</em>; <em>D</em>, membrane between the shield-shaped cartilage and the signet-ring cartilage below; <em>E</em> cricoid, or signet-ring, cartilage; <em>F</em>, upper ring of the windpipe." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Front view of the larynx

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) A, hyoid bone; B, membrane…

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) <em>A</em>, epiglottis; <em>B</em>, thyroid cartilage; <em>C</em>, ladle-shaped cartilage; <em>E</em>, cricoid cartilage; <em>F</em>, upper ring of the windpipe." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Posterior view of the larynx

"Cartilages and Ligaments of the Larynx. (Front view.) A, epiglottis; B, thyroid cartilage;…

"New York is a city in Southern New York; coextensive with New York, Kings, Queens, and Richmond counties, on New York Bay, the Hudson and East rivers, Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean; the first city in the United States in population and commercial importance, and after London, the largest metropolitan center in the world. Among the public buildings is the City Hall, 216 by 105 feet, and three stories high: completed in 1812 at a cost of $500,000. In the rear of the City Hall is the Court House."—(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

City Hall of New York

"New York is a city in Southern New York; coextensive with New York, Kings, Queens, and Richmond counties,…

"New York is a city in Southern New York; coextensive with New York, Kings, Queens, and Richmond counties, on New York Bay, the Hudson and East rivers, Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean; the first city in the United States in population and commercial importance, and after London, the largest metropolitan center in the world. New York is noted for the number and height of its office buildings. In 1911 there were 50 such structures in occupancy, ranging from 14 to 50 stories in height, or from 179 to 700 feet above ground level, and 16 more were nearing completion. The tallest building was that of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, 700 and one quarter feet to top of lantern on its majestic tower. Other conspicuous ones [include the] Park Row, 382 [feet]."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Park Row Building of New York

"New York is a city in Southern New York; coextensive with New York, Kings, Queens, and Richmond counties,…

"Improvised Hand Seats: the Three-Handed Seat. THe usefull three-handed seat is made by one bearer grasping the free wrist of the other bearer and placing his free hand on his partner's shoulder, in order to support the patient's back." &mdash; Blaisedell, 1904

Hand seat

"Improvised Hand Seats: the Three-Handed Seat. THe usefull three-handed seat is made by one bearer grasping…

"The Osprey, the fish hawk, bald buzzard, or fishing eagle. A bird of prey, of almost world wide distribution usually near the seashore, and, unlike rapacious birds generally, are in some measure gregarious. In North America large communities of ospreys are found, and the purple grakle often builds close by. The osprey lays three or four eggs of a rich red to buffy white, with large reddish and brown markings."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Osprey

"The Osprey, the fish hawk, bald buzzard, or fishing eagle. A bird of prey, of almost world wide distribution…

"The Pastoral Staff is, in the Roman Catholic Church, the official staff of a bishop or abbot. The pastoral staff of an archbishop is distinguished by being surmounted by a crozier."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Pastoral Staff

"The Pastoral Staff is, in the Roman Catholic Church, the official staff of a bishop or abbot. The pastoral…

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always hold first place among the orators of the ancient world. He was born in 384 B.C. When he was only seven years of age, his father, a wealthy manufacturer of arms in Athens, died. When the youth came of age he found himself stripped of his inheritance by dishonest trustees. Aided by Isaeus he commenced a lawsuit against the chief embezzler, and succeeded in recovering about a third of his father's estate. The loss of his patrimony was the means of developing a spirit of courage and self-relience, which might otherwise have remained latent." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Demosthenes

"In the oratory of more thn two thousand years Demosthenes stands in the front rank, and will always…

"The Pheasant is one of the most highly prized game birds. The adult male pheasant is a beautiful bird, about three feet long. Head and neck deep steel-blue, shot with greenish-purple and brown; eye surrounded by a patch of scarlet skin, speckled with blue-black; ear-coverts brown; back a light golden-red, the feathers of the upper part tipped with velvet-black, the lower part marked with brown. Quill feathers brown, of various shades, tail feathers oaken-brown, barred with a darker shade and with black. Breast and front of the abdomen golden-red with purple reflections, feathers edged with black; rest of abdomen and under tail-coverts blackish-brown. The female has yellowish-brown plumage, and is about two feet in length. Such is the common pheasant. There are several other species."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Pheasant

"The Pheasant is one of the most highly prized game birds. The adult male pheasant is a beautiful bird,…

Little Carl and his mother in "The King's Birthday."

Little Carl

Little Carl and his mother in "The King's Birthday."

"House construction consists mainly of concrete or brick, and sometimes of stone blocks, especially at the corners. Two-storied, sometimes three-storied houses are numerous, though the upper floors, built of wood, have been consumed by the eruption. Stores usually occupied the ground floors of dwelling-houses, on their street aspect, let out to merchants or dealers as at the present day, but not connected with the back part of the house. They could be separated from the street by large wooden doors, while inside they had tables covered with marble, in which earthen vessels for wine or oil were inserted. The storekeeper had sometimes a second room at the back, when he did not live on an upper floor or in another part of the town."&mdash;(Charles Leonard-Stuart, 1911)

Pompeiian House

"House construction consists mainly of concrete or brick, and sometimes of stone blocks, especially…

"Marcus Aurelius Antoninus stands almost alone in the history of the world as a philosopher and philanthopist clothed in royal purple. He was born A.D. 121, adopted by Antoninus Pius in 138, became consul in 140, and succeeded his adoptive father as emperor in 161." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus

"Marcus Aurelius Antoninus stands almost alone in the history of the world as a philosopher and philanthopist…

"Constantine, the first Christian emperor, removed the capital of the world-empire from Rome to Byzantium, henceforth to be called Constantinople. Though the court, with all its splendor and power, was thus transferred to a city where Greek was the vernacular, the change did not retard, but rather hastened, the decline of literature." &mdash; The Delphian Society, 1913

Byzantine court

"Constantine, the first Christian emperor, removed the capital of the world-empire from Rome to Byzantium,…

"The enrollment of a mortal among the gods. The mythology of Greece contains numerous instances of the deification of mortals; but in the republican times of Greece we find few examples of such deification. The inhabitants of Amphipolis, however, offered sacrifices to Brasidas after his death. In the Greek kingdoms, which arose in the East of the dismemberment of the empire of Alexander, it appears to have been not uncommon for the successor to the throne to offer divine honours to the former sovereign. Such an apotheosis of Ptolemy, king of Egypt, is described by Theocritus in his 17th Idyl" &mdash; Smith, 1873

Apotheosis

"The enrollment of a mortal among the gods. The mythology of Greece contains numerous instances of the…

The King from "The Tinder-Box."

King

The King from "The Tinder-Box."

The Soldier with the Princess and dog in "The Tinder-Box."

Soldier and Princess

The Soldier with the Princess and dog in "The Tinder-Box."

"A king of drinking cup, furnished with handles. It was the cup scred to Bacchus, who is frequently represented on ancient vases holding it in his hand." &mdash; Smith, 1873;

Cantharus

"A king of drinking cup, furnished with handles. It was the cup scred to Bacchus, who is frequently…

The King and Elsa, a scene from "The Wild Swans."

The King and Elsa

The King and Elsa, a scene from "The Wild Swans."