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"The typical hive of America is the improved Langstroth, which has no other covering for the frame tops but a flat roof-board allowing 1/4 in. space between the roof and top-bars for bees to pass from frame to frame." — The Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Langstroth Hive

"The typical hive of America is the improved Langstroth, which has no other covering for the frame tops…

Bee smokers are used as protection for the bee keepers. Smoke is used to calm agitated bees.

Bee Smoker

Bee smokers are used as protection for the bee keepers. Smoke is used to calm agitated bees.

A tea set with insects swarming around it.

Tea Set

A tea set with insects swarming around it.

A worker bee's mouth. <em>a, e, f</em> tongue and ducts; <em>b</em> labial palps; <em>c</em> paraglossae; <em>d</em> first maxillae.

Bee Mouth

A worker bee's mouth. a, e, f tongue and ducts; b labial palps; c paraglossae;…

A bee

Bee Feeler

A bee

A bee's stinger, sheath in which sting works.

Stinger

A bee's stinger, sheath in which sting works.

A bee's stinger, sitting proper.

Stinger

A bee's stinger, sitting proper.

"Honey bee (Apis mellifica). a, queen (perfect female); b, worker (imperfect female); and c, drone (male)." -Parker, 1900

Honey Bees

"Honey bee (Apis mellifica). a, queen (perfect female); b, worker (imperfect female); and c, drone (male)."…

"Bees visiting flowers. At the left, a bumblebee on the flower of the dead nettle; below, a similar bee in the flower of the horse-chestnut; above, a honey-bee in the flower of a violet." -Bergen, 1896

Bees Visiting Flowers

"Bees visiting flowers. At the left, a bumblebee on the flower of the dead nettle; below, a similar…

A girl looking out the window as a book sits on the sill.

Reading at Window

A girl looking out the window as a book sits on the sill.

"The joint is used for gathering the pollen; it folds back on the leg and forms with it a sort of small pair of pincers."

Leg of a Bee

"The joint is used for gathering the pollen; it folds back on the leg and forms with it a sort of small…

"The males are larger and more hairy than the working bee, emitting a sonorous and buzzing sound, have no palettes on their legs, the hairs on their tarsi are not appropriate to the work of gathering, their mandibles are sharper, and they have no sting like that with which the working bee is provided."

Male or Drone Bee (Apis Mellifica)

"The males are larger and more hairy than the working bee, emitting a sonorous and buzzing sound, have…

"The female is smaller than the male, and has a longer body than the working bee; the wings are shorter in proportion. The only part she has to play is that of laying eggs, so she has no palettes and brushes."

Female or Queen Bee (Apis Mellifica)

"The female is smaller than the male, and has a longer body than the working bee; the wings are shorter…

"Represents a hive constructed with leaves, which open like a book; it was invented by a naturalist to better observe their operations."

Beehive in Leaves

"Represents a hive constructed with leaves, which open like a book; it was invented by a naturalist…

"Bee seen through a magnifying-glass at the moment when the plates of wax appear between the segments of the abdomen."

Bee

"Bee seen through a magnifying-glass at the moment when the plates of wax appear between the segments…

"Each cell forms a small, hexagonal cup, closed on one side only by a pyramidal base. These bees always accommodate themselves to the nature of the hive."

Cells Constructed by Bees

"Each cell forms a small, hexagonal cup, closed on one side only by a pyramidal base. These bees always…

A. large cell intended for the larvae of the <em>queens</em> B. middling-sized cells intended for the larvae of the <em>male</em> C. small cells intended for he larvae of the <em>workers</em>

The Cells of a Beehive

A. large cell intended for the larvae of the queens B. middling-sized cells intended for the…

"Portion of the comb, with the eggs occupying the cells. One of the royal cells has been opened by the queen."

Portion of the Comb

"Portion of the comb, with the eggs occupying the cells. One of the royal cells has been opened by the…

"As the larva increases in size, its food is made to acquire a more decided taste of honey. In the space of five days, the larvae are developed. The perfect insect is hatched seven or eight days after its transformation into a pupa."

Larva of the Bee

"As the larva increases in size, its food is made to acquire a more decided taste of honey. In the space…

Early style of hive used to house bees.

Bell Shaped Hive

Early style of hive used to house bees.

Early style of hive used in Switzerland to house bees.

Swiss Hive

Early style of hive used in Switzerland to house bees.

Early style of hive used frequently in Poland to house bees.

Polish Hive

Early style of hive used frequently in Poland to house bees.

Early style of hive used to house bees.

Garden Hive

Early style of hive used to house bees.

"In order to take the honey successfully from the hives, it is usually the custom to stupefy the bees with smoke."

Bellows Used to Stupefy Bees

"In order to take the honey successfully from the hives, it is usually the custom to stupefy the bees…

"The Carpenter Bee, or Wood Piercer, hollows out galleries in decayed wood, and builds in them cells placed one over the other - a work often occupying many weeks."

Carpenter Bee, Pupae, Eggs, Galleries and Nests

"The Carpenter Bee, or Wood Piercer, hollows out galleries in decayed wood, and builds in them cells…

"The Mason Bees build their nests against the walls with tempered earth, which becomes very hard."

Mason Bee and Nest

"The Mason Bees build their nests against the walls with tempered earth, which becomes very hard."

"The Leaf Cutting Bees make their nests in tubes lined with the leaves of the rose, the willow, the lilac, etc., placed in a cylindrical burrow."

Rose Megachile Bee (Megachile Centuncularis)

"The Leaf Cutting Bees make their nests in tubes lined with the leaves of the rose, the willow, the…

"Wasps live in companies, which last only a year and are composed of males, females and workers. Their sting is larger than that of the bees, and is supplied with poison from a pouch placed at the base. The males have no sting."

Common Wasp (Vespa Vulgaris)

"Wasps live in companies, which last only a year and are composed of males, females and workers. Their…

"Toward the end of summer the nest may contain three thousand workers and many females, who live together in perfect harmony."

Exterior of a Wasp's Nest on a Branch of a Tree

"Toward the end of summer the nest may contain three thousand workers and many females, who live together…

"Toward the end of summer the nest may contain three thousand workers and many females, who live together in perfect harmony."

Interior of a Wasp's Nest

"Toward the end of summer the nest may contain three thousand workers and many females, who live together…

Hornets "make their nests in trunks of old trees, perforating the sound wood to arrive at the heart, which is rotten, or hollowing for themselves a hole, which they clear out by the gallery which leads to it."

Hanging Hornet's Nest

Hornets "make their nests in trunks of old trees, perforating the sound wood to arrive at the heart,…

"The Card Making Wasp of Cayenne is a consummate artist. From an architectural point of view, the card making wasp is almost superior to the bee. Its honey is not fit for food."

Card Making Wasp (Chartergus Nidulans)

"The Card Making Wasp of Cayenne is a consummate artist. From an architectural point of view, the card…

"There are solitary wasps which make their cells in holes, which they scoop out in the ground or in stalks or certain plants."

A Species of Odynerus

"There are solitary wasps which make their cells in holes, which they scoop out in the ground or in…

"There are solitary wasps which make their cells in holes, which they scoop out in the ground or in stalks or certain plants. The larva lines its cell with a silky cocoon."

Larva of the Odynerus Wasp

"There are solitary wasps which make their cells in holes, which they scoop out in the ground or in…

"There are solitary wasps which make their cells in holes, which they scoop out in the ground or in stalks or certain plants. Its nest is made in the stock of a bramble or brier."

Nest of an Odynerus Wasp in the Stem of a Bramble

"There are solitary wasps which make their cells in holes, which they scoop out in the ground or in…

"The Red Ant plies, according to circumstances, the trade of a mason or excavator. All these are bustling, hurrying, busy, but always in the greatest order, and with a perfect understanding among themselves."

Male Red Ant (Myrmica Rubra)

"The Red Ant plies, according to circumstances, the trade of a mason or excavator. All these are bustling,…

Also known as the Parasol Ant. They are called this because of the way they carry leaves above their heads.

Brazilian Umbrella Ant (Atla Cephalotes)

Also known as the Parasol Ant. They are called this because of the way they carry leaves above their…

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Male Ash Black Ant (Formica Nigra)

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Female Ash Black Ant (Formica Nigra)

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Worker Ash Black Ant (Formica Nigra)

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time that they hollow out their underground dwellings.

Worker Ash Ant

This ant belongs to the Mason-Ants which employ a mortar in raising their hillocks at the same time…

"Its body is transparent, the head and wings can be made out, but no legs. The mouth is a retractible nipple."

Larva of the Red Ant (Myrmica Rubra)

"Its body is transparent, the head and wings can be made out, but no legs. The mouth is a retractible…

"When the pupa is born, the workers watch over the newly-born insect; for some days they feed it, help it to walk, and do not abandon it until it can dispense with their services."

Pupa of the Red Ant (Myrmica Rubra)

"When the pupa is born, the workers watch over the newly-born insect; for some days they feed it, help…

"One colony of ants will attach another, and those captured are made slaves. The warlike tribes never carry off any other but the larvae from the ant-hills they plunder."

Russet Ant (Polyergus Rufescens)

"One colony of ants will attach another, and those captured are made slaves. The warlike tribes never…

"The <em>Philanthus</em> feeds its larvae on bees, having first numbed them by its sting. It belongs to the Fossorial Hymenoptera."

Philanthus Triangulum

"The Philanthus feeds its larvae on bees, having first numbed them by its sting. It belongs…

This ant is "parasitical on solitary bees; their larvae devouring the larvae of the bees."

Mutilla Europaea, Male

This ant is "parasitical on solitary bees; their larvae devouring the larvae of the bees."

This ant is "parasitical on solitary bees; their larvae devouring the larvae of the bees."

Mutilla Europaea, Female

This ant is "parasitical on solitary bees; their larvae devouring the larvae of the bees."

"It also belongs to the family which manages to place its eggs under the skin of other insects."

Species of Pimpla

"It also belongs to the family which manages to place its eggs under the skin of other insects."

"The <em>Ophions</em> lay their eggs under the skin of caterpillars."

Species of Ophion

"The Ophions lay their eggs under the skin of caterpillars."

"The insects of the genus <em>Sirex</em> belong to a species which lay their eggs in living wood, and their larvae live for amny years in the interior of this wood. The mandibles of the larvae are of great strength, capable of perforating lead."

Saw Fly (Sirex Gigas)

"The insects of the genus Sirex belong to a species which lay their eggs in living wood, and…

"Another species which devours the leaves of pine trees. It represents another family of saw-flies."

Saw Fly (Lophyrus Pini)

"Another species which devours the leaves of pine trees. It represents another family of saw-flies."

"A month afterward there come out of these eggs very small larvae, of a shining dark green, hard-skinned, armed with strong jaws, and long legs and antennae. As the bees come out of their nests, these larvae hook themselves onto their hairs."

First Larva of Sitaris Humeralis

"A month afterward there come out of these eggs very small larvae, of a shining dark green, hard-skinned,…

"When the male bees have built the cells and furnished them with honey, the female, as we know, deposits in each an egg. Immediately the larvae of the <em>Sitaris</em> let themselves fall onto these eggs, open them and suck their contents. Then they change their skin, and the second larva appears."

Pseudo Nymph of Sitaris Humeralis

"When the male bees have built the cells and furnished them with honey, the female, as we know, deposits…

The Great Seal of the State of Utah, 1896. The seal shows a bald eagle holding a shield. The shield has a beehive with the motto "Industry."

Seal of Utah

The Great Seal of the State of Utah, 1896. The seal shows a bald eagle holding a shield. The shield…

The securifera or saws of the sawfly (Lophyrus suffusus), an insect related to the wasps and bees.

Securifera

The securifera or saws of the sawfly (Lophyrus suffusus), an insect related to the wasps and bees.

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage of honey and the construction of perennial, colonial nests out of wax. Pictured here is a male honey bee.

Honey Bee (Male)

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage…

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage of honey and the construction of perennial, colonial nests out of wax. Pictured here is a queen honey bee.

Honey Bee (Queen)

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage…

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage of honey and the construction of perennial, colonial nests out of wax. Pictured here is a worker honey bee.

Honey Bee (Worker)

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage…

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage of honey and the construction of perennial, colonial nests out of wax. Pictured here are the various legs of hive bees.

Legs of the Hive Bee

Honey bees (or honeybees) are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage…

Stingless bees, or simply meliponines, are a large group of bees, comprising the tribe Meliponini in the family Apidae, and closely-related to the common honey bees. Pictured here are the various legs of the bees.

Legs of the Stingless Bee

Stingless bees, or simply meliponines, are a large group of bees, comprising the tribe Meliponini in…