A man with a feather in his hat holding a walking stick.

Man

A man with a feather in his hat holding a walking stick.

A North American Indian chief.

Indian Chief

A North American Indian chief.

"Parts of a Feather. a, quill; b, shaft; c, vane; d, down." -Cooper, 1887

Feather Parts

"Parts of a Feather. a, quill; b, shaft; c, vane; d, down." -Cooper, 1887

The head, foot, and tail-feather of the Brown Creeper.

Brown Creeper

The head, foot, and tail-feather of the Brown Creeper.

The echinoderm, the crinoid or feather-star.

Crinoid

The echinoderm, the crinoid or feather-star.

This figure shows the mode of respiration in fishes. The gills are seen bent over in the form of a feather. Labels: d, the auricle of the heart; e, the ventricle; f, the bronchial artery; g,g, the gills.

Respiration in Fishes

This figure shows the mode of respiration in fishes. The gills are seen bent over in the form of a feather.…

"Young bearded griffin (Gypaetus barbatus). Showing the feather-tracts or pterylae, for instance those on the breast (PT.). E., ear; P., web or propatagium; TH., thumb; PR., bases of primary feathers; S., bases of secondary feathers; B.S., bare streak without pterylae; CL., cloaca; R., bases of rectrices or tail feathers." -Thomson, 1916

Lammergeier

"Young bearded griffin (Gypaetus barbatus). Showing the feather-tracts or pterylae, for instance those…

"A., Filoplume. B., very young feather within its sheath (sh.); c., the core of dermis; b., the barbs. C., the same, external view." -Thomson, 1916

Feathers

"A., Filoplume. B., very young feather within its sheath (sh.); c., the core of dermis; b., the barbs.…

"Types of feathers. D., Down. 2, Developing feather in sheath (sh.). 3, Covert of heron showing aftershaft (A.S.). 4, Secondary feather of pigeon--C., calamus; A.S., aftershaft; R., rachis; V., vane. 5, Portion of quill showing inferior umbilicus (I.u.), superior umbilicus (S.u.), pith (P.); F., filoplume." -Thomson, 1916

Feather Types

"Types of feathers. D., Down. 2, Developing feather in sheath (sh.). 3, Covert of heron showing aftershaft…

"Parts of a feather. I., Four barbs (B.) bearing anterior barbules (A.BB.) and posterior barbules (P.BB.); II., six barbs (B.) in section, showing interlocking of barbules; III., anterior barbule with barbicels (H.)." -Thomson, 1916

Feather Parts

"Parts of a feather. I., Four barbs (B.) bearing anterior barbules (A.BB.) and posterior barbules (P.BB.);…

"Diagram showing the tracts where the principal growth of feathers occurs (Upupa epops). The dotted areas are the pteryla." -Galloway, 1915

Hoopoe

"Diagram showing the tracts where the principal growth of feathers occurs (Upupa epops). The dotted…

"Pinnate.--Term applied to a leaf when cut into many parallel segments, like the rose." -Newman, 1850

Pinnatifid

"Pinnate.--Term applied to a leaf when cut into many parallel segments, like the rose." -Newman, 1850

A decorative doodad with feather arrows, a bow, and leaves.

Native American Doodad

A decorative doodad with feather arrows, a bow, and leaves.

"Pterylosis of Columba livia. A, ventral; B, dorsal. al. pt, alar pteryla or wing-tract; c. pt, cephalic pteryla or head-tract; cd. pt, caudal pteryla or tail-tract; cr. pt, crural pteryla; cr. apt, cervical apterium or neck-space; fm. pt, femoral pteryla; hu. pt, humeral pteryla; lat. apt, lateral apterium; sp. pt, spinal pteryla; v. apt, ventral apterium; v. pt, ventral pteryla." -Parker, 1900

Rock Pigeon Feather Tracts

"Pterylosis of Columba livia. A, ventral; B, dorsal. al. pt, alar pteryla or wing-tract; c. pt, cephalic…

"Casuarius (Cassowary). Feather, showing after-shaft and disconnected barbs." -Parker, 1900

Cassowary Feather

"Casuarius (Cassowary). Feather, showing after-shaft and disconnected barbs." -Parker, 1900

Of the Diapensia family (Diapensiaceae), the featherfoil (Hottonia inflata).

Featherfoil

Of the Diapensia family (Diapensiaceae), the featherfoil (Hottonia inflata).

Of the Composite family (Compositae), the leaf of the rough-stemmed golden-rod (Solidago rugosa).

Rough-Stemmed Golden-Rod

Of the Composite family (Compositae), the leaf of the rough-stemmed golden-rod (Solidago rugosa).

Featherbells or Stenanthium gramineum.

Featherbells

Featherbells or Stenanthium gramineum.

A sea lily or crinoidea.

Sea Lily

A sea lily or crinoidea.

"The feathers are horny productions, consisting of a hollow tube or barrel and a stem rising from it."

Feather Tube

"The feathers are horny productions, consisting of a hollow tube or barrel and a stem rising from it."

"The feathers are horny productions, consisting of a hollow tube or barrel and a stem rising from it."

Feather Shaft

"The feathers are horny productions, consisting of a hollow tube or barrel and a stem rising from it."

"The feathers are horny productions, consisting of a hollow tube or barrel and a stem rising from it. The webs are convex above, and are thus enabled to resist flexion or fracture from beneath better than from any other direction."

Feather Web

"The feathers are horny productions, consisting of a hollow tube or barrel and a stem rising from it.…

"7. locusta of Stipa pennata" (Feather Grass); "8. rachis, bracteae, and florets of Cynosurus cristatus" (Crested Dog's-Tail). -Lindley, 1853

Feather Grass and Crested Dog's-Tail

"7. locusta of Stipa pennata" (Feather Grass); "8. rachis, bracteae, and florets of Cynosurus cristatus"…

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are closely related. They breathe through feather-like gills and are found in bodies of water that do not freeze to the bottom; they are also mostly found in brooks and streams where there is fresh water running, and which have shelter against predators. Most crawfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species such as the invasive Procambarus clarkii are more hardy. Some crayfish have been found living as much as 3 m (10 feet) underground.

Crawfish

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they…

"a, scroll-wheel, intermeshing with the pinion b, which, sliding by a feather on the shaft, c, imparts a gradually decreasing velocity to the latter as b is moved toward the center of a." -Whitney, 1911

Scroll Wheel

"a, scroll-wheel, intermeshing with the pinion b, which, sliding by a feather on the shaft, c, imparts…

An illustration of a simple five armed crinoid with a detailed view of the tegmen of five orals. Crinoids, also known as sea lilies or feather-stars, are marine animals that make up the class Crinoidea of the echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata). They live both in shallow water and in depths as great as 6,000 meters. Crinoids are characterized by a mouth on the top surface that is surrounded by feeding arms. They have a U-shaped gut, and their anus is located next to the mouth.

Simple Crinoid

An illustration of a simple five armed crinoid with a detailed view of the tegmen of five orals. Crinoids,…

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are probably closely related. They breathe through feather-like gills and are found in bodies of water that do not freeze to the bottom; they are also mostly found in brooks and streams where there is fresh water running, and which have shelter against predators. Most crayfish cannot tolerate polluted water, although some species such as the invasive Procambarus clarkii are more hardy. Some crayfish have been found living as much as 3 m (10 feet) underground.

Crayfish

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they…

"Encrinite: head and piece of stem. Any fossil crinoid; a stone-lily: a term especially applied to the ordinary stalked form with a cylindrical stem and well-formed arms." -Whitney, 1911

Encrinite

"Encrinite: head and piece of stem. Any fossil crinoid; a stone-lily: a term especially applied to the…

"Encrinite: Any fossil crinoid; a stone-lily: a term especially applied to the ordinary stalked form with a cylindrical stem and well-formed arms. a, a, parts of the stem; b, b, separate joints." -Whitney, 1911

Encrinite

"Encrinite: Any fossil crinoid; a stone-lily: a term especially applied to the ordinary stalked form…

A modern crinoid showing steam with root or hold-fast attachment, and a crown composed of the calyx and branching arms.

Crinoid

A modern crinoid showing steam with root or hold-fast attachment, and a crown composed of the calyx…

An extinct lily crinoid.

Lily Crinoid

An extinct lily crinoid.

"Two pieces of metal placed in a hole in a stone which is to be split a wedge-shaped key or plug being driven between them for this purpose." -Whitney, 1911

Feather and Tare

"Two pieces of metal placed in a hole in a stone which is to be split a wedge-shaped key or plug being…

"Files. a, cotter-file when large, and verge- or pivot-file when small; b, square file (parallel or taper); c, banking or watch-pinion file when parallel, and knife-file when tape; d, half-round, nicking, piercing, or round-off file; e, round, gulleting, or rat-tail file; f, triangular, three-square, or saw file; g, equaling, clock-pinion, or endless-screw file when parallel, and slitting, entering, warding, or barrel-hole file when tape; h, cross- or double-half-round file; i, screw-head, feather-edge, or slitting file." -Whitney, 1911

Types of Files

"Files. a, cotter-file when large, and verge- or pivot-file when small; b, square file (parallel or…

"Filoplume. In ornithology, a thread-feather; a thread-like or hair-like feather, with a very slender stem, lacking webs in most or all of its length." -Whitney, 1911

Filoplume of a Goose

"Filoplume. In ornithology, a thread-feather; a thread-like or hair-like feather, with a very slender…

An illustration of the wing of a bird.

Wing of a Bird

An illustration of the wing of a bird.

An illustration of a single black feather.

Black Feather

An illustration of a single black feather.

"Birds of a feather flock together." -Trowbridge, 1866

Friend Rebus

"Birds of a feather flock together." -Trowbridge, 1866

"Archaeornithes is at present represented by but one member, the first undoubted fossil Bird, made known in 1861 by Andreas Wagner form the Jurassic slate formation of Solenhofen in Bavaria, and now preserved in a British Museum. This he described under the name of Griphosaurus; but as Hermann von Meyer had already bestowed the title of Archaeopteryx Lithographica upon a bird, presumably identical, a feather of which had been obtained from the above system." A. H. Evans, 1900 This sample was obtained from the Limestone in Berlin

Archaeopteryx Lithographica

"Archaeornithes is at present represented by but one member, the first undoubted fossil Bird, made known…

Thomas Nast drawing caricatures.

Thomas Nast Drawing Caricatures

Thomas Nast drawing caricatures.

Thomas Nast writing with a feather pen and ink.

Thomas Nast Writing with a Feather Pen

Thomas Nast writing with a feather pen and ink.

A reminder of Horace Greeley's past record, another feather in the hat.

Greeley's Past Record

A reminder of Horace Greeley's past record, another feather in the hat.

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related. They breathe through feather-like gills and are found in bodies of water that do not freeze to the bottom; they are also mostly found in brooks and streams where there is fresh water running, and which have shelter against predators

Crayfish

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they…

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related. They breathe through feather-like gills and are found in bodies of water that do not freeze to the bottom; they are also mostly found in brooks and streams where there is fresh water running, and which have shelter against predators. This disscetion of a crayfish shows the following: (b) brain, (h) heart, (i) intestine, (k) kidney, (l) liver, (n) nerve cord, (r) reproductive organ, (s) stomach.

Crayfish

Crayfish, crawfish, or crawdads are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they…

"Fig. 19 - A partly pennaceous, partly plumulaceous feather, from Argus pheasant; after Nitzsch. ad, main stem; d, calamus; a, rhachis; c, c, c, vanes, cut away on left side in order not to interfere with b, the after-shaft, the whole of the right vane of which is likewise cut away." Elliot Coues, 1884

Feather from a Argus Pheasant

"Fig. 19 - A partly pennaceous, partly plumulaceous feather, from Argus pheasant; after Nitzsch. ad,…

"Fig. - 20 - Two barbs, a, a, of a vane, bearing anterior, b, b, and posterior, c, barbules; enlarged; after Nitzsch." Elliot Coues, 1884

Structure of a Feather

"Fig. - 20 - Two barbs, a, a, of a vane, bearing anterior, b, b, and posterior, c, barbules; enlarged;…

"Fig. 21. -A single barbule, baring barbicels and hooklets; magnified; after Nitzsch. ...barbicels (another dimin. of barba), also called cilia, or lashes (fig. 21); and hamuli, or hooklets (Lat. hamulus, a little hook; fig 21). These are simply a sort of fringe to the barbules, just as if the lower edge of the barbules were frayed out, and only differ from each other in that barbicels are plain hair like processes, while hamuli are hooked at the end; they are not found on all feathers, nor on all parts of some feathers." Elliot Coues, 1884

Single Barbule

"Fig. 21. -A single barbule, baring barbicels and hooklets; magnified; after Nitzsch. ...barbicels (another…

"The arrangement shown in fig. 22, where a, a, a, a, are four barbs in transverse section, viewed from the cut surfaces, with their anterior, b, b, b, b, and posterior, c, c, c, c, barbules, the former bearing the hooklets which catch over the edge of the latter." Elliot Coues, 1884

Barbs

"The arrangement shown in fig. 22, where a, a, a, a, are four barbs in transverse section, viewed from…

"Fig. 23 - A feather from the tail of a kingbird, Tyrannus carolinensis, almost entirely pennaceous; no after-shaft. A feather fit for writing with." Elliot Coues, 1884

A Feather from the Tail of a Kingbird

"Fig. 23 - A feather from the tail of a kingbird, Tyrannus carolinensis, almost entirely pennaceous;…

"Fig. 24. - Pterylosis of Cyoselus apus, drawn by Coues after Nitzsch; right hand upper, left hand lower, surface. 1 spinal tract; 2. humeral; 3. femoral; 4. capital; 5. alar; 6. caudal; 7. crural; 8. ventral." Elliot Coues, 1884

Pterylosis of Cypselus Apus

"Fig. 24. - Pterylosis of Cyoselus apus, drawn by Coues after Nitzsch; right hand upper, left hand lower,…

"Robin: Upper parts slate-color, with a shade of olive. Head black, the eyelids and a spot before the eye white, and the throat streaked with white. Quills of the wings dusky, edged with hoary ash, and with the color of the back. Tail blackish, the outer feather usually tipped with white. Underparts, to the vent, including the under wing-coverts and tibiae white, showing more or less plumbeous. Bill yellow, often with a dusky tip. Mouth yellow. Eyes dark brown. Feet blackish, the soles yellowish." Elliot Coues, 1884

Robin

"Robin: Upper parts slate-color, with a shade of olive. Head black, the eyelids and a spot before the…

This lady is wearing a late 19th century winter dress. She is also wearing a hat that includes a feather and a ribbon.

Late 19th Century Winter Dress

This lady is wearing a late 19th century winter dress. She is also wearing a hat that includes a feather…

Color flag of Swaziland. Three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally.

Flag of Swaziland, 2009

Color flag of Swaziland. Three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red…

Black and white outline flag of Swaziland. Three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally

Flag of Swaziland, 2009

Black and white outline flag of Swaziland. Three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width),…

"Grayish-blue, bluer on the crown, hoary on the rump, the forehead black, continuous with a black superciliary line. Edges of eyelids white, and above these a shade on the breast. Wings dark brown, the outer webs, especially of the inner quills, edged with hoary, and the inner webs of most bordered with white. Tail jet-black, the outer feather entirely or mostly white, the next one about half white, the third one tipped with white. Bill and feet black." Elliot Coues, 1884

Blue-gray Gnat-catcher

"Grayish-blue, bluer on the crown, hoary on the rump, the forehead black, continuous with a black superciliary…

"Upper parts, central tail-feathers, and much edging of the wings, clear ashy-blue; whole crown, nape, and back of the neck, glossy black. Under parts, including sides of neck and head to above eyes, dull white, more or less marked on the flanks and crissum with rusty-brown. Wings and their coverts blackish, much edged as already said, and with an oblique bar of white on the outer webs of the primaries white; under wing-coverts mostly blackish; bold bluish and black variegation of the inner secondaries. Tail, excepting the two middle feathers, black, each feather marked with white in increasing amount, the outer web of the lateral feather being mostly white. Bill blackish-plumbeous, pale at the base below. Feet dark brown. Iris brown." Elliot Coues, 1884

White-Breasted Nuthatch

"Upper parts, central tail-feathers, and much edging of the wings, clear ashy-blue; whole crown, nape,…

Geirrod the giant spies a bird on the chimney of his castle. It is really Loki wearing Freya's eagle feather coat. Geirrod keeps him and gives him no food or water since he will not talk.

Geirrod and Loki

Geirrod the giant spies a bird on the chimney of his castle. It is really Loki wearing Freya's eagle…

"Sky-Lark. Upper parts grayish-brown, the feathers with darker centers; under parts whitish, tinged with buff across breast and along sides, and there streaked with dusky; a pale superciliary line; wings with much whitish edging; outer tail-feather mostly white, the next one or two with white borders." Elliot Coues, 1884

Skylark

"Sky-Lark. Upper parts grayish-brown, the feathers with darker centers; under parts whitish, tinged…

"Painted Fly-catching Warbler. Setophaga picta. Painted Redstart. Lustrous black; middle of breast and belly carmine-red; eyelids, a large patch on the wings formed by the greater and middle coverts, broad edging of inner secondaries, edging the inner webs of primaries toward the base, lining of wings, nearly all the outer tail-feather, and a diminishing space on the next two or three, together with the crissum, white. Bill and feet black." Elliot Coues, 1884

Painted Fly-catching Warbler

"Painted Fly-catching Warbler. Setophaga picta. Painted Redstart. Lustrous black; middle of breast and…

"Hirundo horreorum. Barn Swallow. Tail deeply fornicate, nearly or about as long as the wings; lateral feather linear-attenuat, about twice as long as the middle feather." Elliot Coues, 1884

Barn Swallow Tail

"Hirundo horreorum. Barn Swallow. Tail deeply fornicate, nearly or about as long as the wings; lateral…

"Lanius borealis. Great Northern Shrike. Butcher-bird. Great Grey Shrike. Above, clear bluish-ash, blanching on rump and scapulars; below, white, always vermiculated transversely with fine wavy blackish lines; a broad black bar along side of head, not meeting its fellow across forehead, interrupted by a white crescent on under eyelid, and bordered above by hoary white that also occupies the extreme forehead; wings and tail black, the former with a large white spot near base of the primaries, and white tips of most of the quills, the latter with the outer web of the outer feather edged, and all the feathers excepting the middle pair broadly tipped, with white, and with concealed white bases; bill and feet bluish-black; eyes blackish. Elliot Coues, 1884

Butcher-bird

"Lanius borealis. Great Northern Shrike. Butcher-bird. Great Grey Shrike. Above, clear bluish-ash, blanching…