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(1837-1908) The twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States, making him the only President to serve two non-consecutive terms.

Grover Cleveland

(1837-1908) The twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States, making him the only…

The inauguration of President William McKinley led by the Black Horse Cavalry down Pennsylvania Avenue.

Inauguration of William McKinley

The inauguration of President William McKinley led by the Black Horse Cavalry down Pennsylvania Avenue.

"United States troops landing at Baiquiri, Cuba." -Gordy, 1916

Spanish-American War

"United States troops landing at Baiquiri, Cuba." -Gordy, 1916

The Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands houses the International Court of Justice.

Peace Palace

The Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands houses the International Court of Justice.

A drawing of Andrew Jackson receiving delegates.

Jackson as President Receiving Delegates

A drawing of Andrew Jackson receiving delegates.

Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829–1837).

Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States…

John Jay (December 12, 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American politician, statesman, revolutionary, diplomat, a Supreme Court Chief Justice, and a Founding Father of the United States.

John Jay

John Jay (December 12, 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American politician, statesman, revolutionary,…

Monticello, located near Charlottesville, Virginia, was the estate of Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence, the third President of the United States.

Monticello, Jefferson's Home

Monticello, located near Charlottesville, Virginia, was the estate of Thomas Jefferson, the principal…

Joseph Eggleston Johnston (February 3, 1807 – March 21, 1891) was a career U.S. Army officer, serving with distinction in the Mexican-American War and Seminole Wars, and was also one of the most senior general officers in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

Joseph Eggleston Johnston

Joseph Eggleston Johnston (February 3, 1807 – March 21, 1891) was a career U.S. Army officer,…

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was an American military leader and the twelfth President of the United States. Known as "Old Rough and Ready", Taylor had a 40-year military career in the U.S. Army, serving in the War of 1812, Black Hawk War, and Second Seminole War before achieving fame leading U.S. troops to victory at several critical battles of the Mexican-American War. A Southern slaveholder who opposed the spread of slavery to the territories, he was uninterested in politics but was recruited by the Whig Party as their nominee in the 1848 presidential election.

Zachary Taylor's Residence at Baton Rouge

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was an American military leader and the twelfth…

A, Three-quarter surface view of taste bud from the papilla foliata of a rabbit. B, Vertical section of taste bud from the papilla foliata of a rabbit.

Taste bud of Rabbit

A, Three-quarter surface view of taste bud from the papilla foliata of a rabbit. B, Vertical section…

Richard Mentor Johnson (October 17, 1780 or 1781 – November 19, 1850) was the ninth Vice President of the United States, serving in the administration of Martin Van Buren. He was the only vice-president ever elected by the United States Senate under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment. Johnson also represented Kentucky in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate and began and ended his political career in the Kentucky House of Representatives.

Richard Mentor Johnson's Monument

Richard Mentor Johnson (October 17, 1780 or 1781 – November 19, 1850) was the ninth Vice President…

Chattanooga, "the Scenic City", is the fourth-largest city in Tennessee (after Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville), and the seat of Hamilton County, in the United States of America. It is located in southeast Tennessee on Chickamauga and Nickajack Lake, which are both part of the Tennessee River. The city, which lies at the transition between the ridge-and-valley portion of the Appalachian Mountains and the Cumberland Plateau, is surrounded by mountains and ridges. The first inhabitants of the Chattanooga area were Native American Indians with sites dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period, showing continuous occupation through the Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian (900–1650 AD), Muskogean and Cherokee (1776 – 1838 AD) periods.

Chattanooga, Tennessee in 1862

Chattanooga, "the Scenic City", is the fourth-largest city in Tennessee (after Memphis, Nashville, and…

Newspapers and speakers especially condemned the "land embargo" — the cutting-off trade with Canada. The trade so suddenly thrown into confusion by it was represented in a caricature by a bewildered serpent which had been suddenly stopped in its movements by two trees, marked, respectively, "Embargo" and "Non-Importation Act." The wondering snake is puzzled to know what has happened, and the head cries out, "What's the matter, tail?" The latter answers, "I can't get out." A cock, representing France, stands by, joyfully.

Non Importation Act

Newspapers and speakers especially condemned the "land embargo" — the cutting-off trade with Canada.…

The Texas Ranger Division, commonly called the Texas Rangers, is a law enforcement agency with statewide jurisdiction based in Austin, the capital of Texas, in the United States. Over the years, the Texas Rangers have investigated crimes ranging from murder to political corruption, acted as riot police and as detectives, protected the Texas governor, tracked down fugitives, and functioned as a paramilitary force at the service of both the Republic (1836–45) and the state of Texas.

Texas Rangers

The Texas Ranger Division, commonly called the Texas Rangers, is a law enforcement agency with statewide…

The Battle of the Alamo was fought in February and March 1836 in San Antonio, Texas. The conflict, a part of the Texas Revolution, was the first step in Mexican President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna's attempt to retake the province of Texas after an insurgent army of Texian settlers and adventurers from the United States had driven out all Mexican troops the previous year. Mexican forces began a siege of the Texian forces garrisoned at the Alamo Mission on Tuesday, February 23. For the next twelve days, Mexican cannons advanced slowly to positions nearer the Alamo walls, while Texian soldiers worked to improve their defenses.

The Alamo

The Battle of the Alamo was fought in February and March 1836 in San Antonio, Texas. The conflict, a…

George Henry Thomas (July 31, 1816 – March 28, 1870) was a career United States Army officer and a Union General during the American Civil War, one of the principal commanders in the Western Theater. Thomas served in the Mexican-American War and later chose to remain with the United States Army for the Civil War, despite his heritage as a Virginian.

George Henry Thomas

George Henry Thomas (July 31, 1816 – March 28, 1870) was a career United States Army officer and…

Charles Thomson (November 29, 1729 – August 16, 1824) was a Patriot leader in Philadelphia during the American Revolution and the secretary of the Continental Congress (1774–1789) throughout its existence.

Charles Thomson

Charles Thomson (November 29, 1729 – August 16, 1824) was a Patriot leader in Philadelphia during…

The Battle of Tippecanoe was fought in 1811 between United States forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory and forces of Tecumseh's growing American Indian confederation. The battle took place outside Prophetstown, near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana, and was part of what is sometimes known as Tecumseh's War, which continued into the War of 1812. The battle was an important political and symbolic victory for the American forces.

Tippecanoe Battle Ground in 1860

The Battle of Tippecanoe was fought in 1811 between United States forces led by Governor William Henry…

Charles Scott Todd (January 22, 1791 – May 17, 1871) was a United States army officer and government official. He was a subaltern and judge-advocate of General James Winchester's division in the War of 1812. In 1813, he was made a captain of infantry, and was an aide to General William Henry Harrison in the Battle of the Thames. In March, 1815, he was made inspector-general, with the rank of colonel. In 1817, he was the Secretary of State of Kentucky. From 1841 to 1845 he was the United States Ambassador to Russia.

Charles Scott Todd

Charles Scott Todd (January 22, 1791 – May 17, 1871) was a United States army officer and government…

The fort was built by the British Army and Canadian militia troops in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, to defend the settlement and the new capital of the Upper Canada region from the threat of a military attack, principally from the newly independent United States.

Fort York

The fort was built by the British Army and Canadian militia troops in the late eighteenth and early…

Benjamin Franklin Tracy (April 26, 1830 – August 6, 1915) was a United States political figure who served as Secretary of the Navy from 1889 through 1893, during the administration of U.S. President Benjamin Harrison. Tracy was a lawyer active in Republican Party politics during the 1850s. During the Civil War, he commanded the 109th New York Infantry Regiment, and served as a Union brigadier general. He was awarded a Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of the Wilderness on May 6, 1864.

Benjamin Franklin Tracy

Benjamin Franklin Tracy (April 26, 1830 – August 6, 1915) was a United States political figure…

The seal of the War Office of the United States of America. The term "War Office" used during the Revolution, and for many years afterward, was associated with the Headquarters of the Army.

United States of America War Office

The seal of the War Office of the United States of America. The term "War Office" used during the Revolution,…

John Trumbull Birthplace, also known as Governor Jonathan Trumbull House, is a house on Lebanon Green, in Lebanon, Connecticut. The house was constructed by Joseph Trumbull as a wedding gift for his son Jonathan Trumbull, who became governor. Jonathan's son John Trumbull was born in the house June 6, 1756. He would go on to serve as an aide to George Washington in the Revolutionary War and paint four of the eight historical paintings which adorn the United States Capitol rotunda. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965.

Governor Jonathan Trumbull House

John Trumbull Birthplace, also known as Governor Jonathan Trumbull House, is a house on Lebanon Green,…

Commodore Jacob Jones (March 1768 - August 3, 1850) was an officer in the United States Navy during the Quasi-War with France, the War of 1812 and the Barbary Wars.

Jacob Jones

Commodore Jacob Jones (March 1768 - August 3, 1850) was an officer in the United States Navy during…

The Congressional Gold Medal awarded to Commodore Jacob Jones. an officer in the United States Navy during the Quasi-War with France, the War of 1812 and the Barbary Wars.

Gold Medal Awarded to Jacob Jones

The Congressional Gold Medal awarded to Commodore Jacob Jones. an officer in the United States Navy…

John Paul Jones raising the first flag ever displayed on a United States ship-of-war.

Jones Raising the First Flag Ever Displayed on a U.S. Ship

John Paul Jones raising the first flag ever displayed on a United States ship-of-war.

The Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of passerine birds. It breeds in open wooded areas in North America, principally southern Canada and the northern United States.

Cedar Waxwing Hatchling

The Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of…

The Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of passerine birds. It breeds in open wooded areas in North America, principally southern Canada and the northern United States.

Cedar Waxwing (3 Weeks)

The Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of…

Elisha Kent Kane (28 February 1820 – 16 February 1857) was a medical officer in the United States Navy during the first half of the 19th century.

Elisha Kent Kane

Elisha Kent Kane (28 February 1820 – 16 February 1857) was a medical officer in the United States…

The USS <em>Advance</em> was a brigantine in the United States Navy which participated in an arctic rescue expedition.

The Advance in the Ice

The USS Advance was a brigantine in the United States Navy which participated in an arctic…

Philip Kearny, Jr., (June 2, 1815 &ndash; September 1, 1862) was a United States Army officer, notably in the Mexican-American War and American Civil War. He was killed in action in the 1862 Battle of Chantilly.

Kearny, Philip

Philip Kearny, Jr., (June 2, 1815 – September 1, 1862) was a United States Army officer, notably…

A naval officer who gained a national reputation for his conduct during the Boxer Rebellion in China in 1900, Louis Kempff became Commander-in-Chief of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

Louis Kempff

A naval officer who gained a national reputation for his conduct during the Boxer Rebellion in China…

The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird. Adults are mainly olive on the head and upperparts with a yellow throat and white belly; they have dark eyes with yellow "spectacles". The tail and wings are dark with white wing bars. They have thick blue-grey legs and a stout bill. Their breeding habitat is open deciduous woods in southern Canada and the eastern United States

Yellow-throated Vireo

The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird. Adults are mainly olive on…

The Meadow Vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), sometimes called the Field Mouse or Meadow Mouse, is a small North American vole found across Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. Its range extends further south along the Atlantic coast. One subspecies, the Florida Salt Marsh Vole, is found in Florida, and is classified as endangered. The Meadow Vole is active year-round, usually at night. It also digs underground burrows where it stores food for the winter and females give birth to their young. Although these animals tend to live close together, they are aggressive towards one other. This is particularly evident in males during the breeding season. It can cause damage to fruit trees, garden plants and commercial grain crops.

Field Mouse

The Meadow Vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus), sometimes called the Field Mouse or Meadow Mouse, is a small…

Francis Scott Key (August 1, 1779 &ndash; January 11, 1843) was an American lawyer, author, and amateur poet, from Georgetown, who wrote the words to the United States' national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner".

Francis Scott Key

Francis Scott Key (August 1, 1779 – January 11, 1843) was an American lawyer, author, and amateur…

A copy of the original manuscript of the first stanza of "The Star-Spangled Banner."

First Stanza of the "Star-Spangled Banner"

A copy of the original manuscript of the first stanza of "The Star-Spangled Banner."

The genus Peromyscus contains species commonly referred to as deer mice. This is a genus of New World mouse only distantly related to the common house mouse, Mus musculus. The most common species of deer mouse in the continental United States are two closely related species, P. maniculatus, and P. leucopus. In the USA, Peromyscus is also the most populous mammalian species overall.

Deer Mouse

The genus Peromyscus contains species commonly referred to as deer mice. This is a genus of New World…

Henry Ware Lawton (17 March 1843&ndash;1899) was a highly respected U.S. Army officer who served with distinction in the Civil War, Apache War, Spanish-American War and was the only U.S. general officer to be killed during the Philippine-American War.

Henry Ware Lawton

Henry Ware Lawton (17 March 1843–1899) was a highly respected U.S. Army officer who served with…

Fitzhugh Lee (November 19, 1835 – April 18, 1905), nephew of Robert E. Lee, was a Confederate cavalry general in the American Civil War, Governor of Virginia, diplomat, and United States Army general in the Spanish-American War.

Fitzhugh Lee

Fitzhugh Lee (November 19, 1835 – April 18, 1905), nephew of Robert E. Lee, was a Confederate cavalry…

Henry Lee III (January 29, 1756–March 25, 1818) was an early American patriot who served as the Governor of Virginia and as the Virginia Representative to the United States Congress. During the American Revolution, Lee served as a cavalry officer in the Continental Army and earned the name Light Horse Harry.

Henry Lee

Henry Lee III (January 29, 1756–March 25, 1818) was an early American patriot who served as the Governor…

Robert Edward Lee (January 19, 1807 &ndash; October 12, 1870), was a career United States Army officer, an engineer, and among the most celebrated generals in American history.

General Robert E. Lee

Robert Edward Lee (January 19, 1807 – October 12, 1870), was a career United States Army officer,…

The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird. Adults are mainly olive on the head and upperparts with a yellow throat and white belly; they have dark eyes with yellow "spectacles". The tail and wings are dark with white wing bars. They have thick blue-grey legs and a stout bill. Their breeding habitat is open deciduous woods in southern Canada and the eastern United States

Yellow-throat Vireo

The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird. Adults are mainly olive on…

The Boston Public Library is the largest municipal public library in the United States.

The Boston Public Library

The Boston Public Library is the largest municipal public library in the United States.

The Library of Congress is the de facto national library of the United States and the research arm of the United States Congress.

The Congressional Library

The Library of Congress is the de facto national library of the United States and the research arm of…

The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird. Adults are mainly olive on the head and upperparts with a yellow throat and white belly; they have dark eyes with yellow "spectacles". The tail and wings are dark with white wing bars. They have thick blue-grey legs and a stout bill. Their breeding habitat is open deciduous woods in southern Canada and the eastern United States

Yellow-throated Vireo

The Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavifrons, is a small American songbird. Adults are mainly olive on…

The Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of passerine birds. It breeds in open wooded areas in North America, principally southern Canada and the northern United States.

Cedar Waxwing

The Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) is a member of the family Bombycillidae or waxwing family of…

William Livingston (November 30, 1723 – July 25, 1790) served as the Governor of New Jersey (1776–1790) during the American Revolutionary War and was a signer of the United States Constitution.

William Livingston

William Livingston (November 30, 1723 – July 25, 1790) served as the Governor of New Jersey (1776–1790)…

David Emanuel Twiggs (1790 &ndash; July 15, 1862) was a United States soldier during the War of 1812 and Mexican-American War and a general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He was one of the oldest generals on either side in the Civil War.

David Emanuel Twiggs

David Emanuel Twiggs (1790 – July 15, 1862) was a United States soldier during the War of 1812…

An illustration of a Io moth caterpillar. The io moth (Automeris io) is a very colorful North American moth in the Saturniidae family. It ranges from the southeast corner of Manitoba and in the southern extremes of Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick in Canada, and in the US it is found from North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, east of those states and down to the southern end of Florida.

Io Moth Caterpillar

An illustration of a Io moth caterpillar. The io moth (Automeris io) is a very colorful North American…

Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr (5 January 1779 &ndash; 22 March 1820) was an American naval officer notable for his heroism in the Barbary Wars and in the War of 1812. He was the youngest man to reach the rank of captain in the history of the United States Navy, and the first American celebrated as a national military hero who had not played a role in the American Revolution.

Decatur's Medal, Front

Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr (5 January 1779 – 22 March 1820) was an American naval officer notable…

Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr (5 January 1779 &ndash; 22 March 1820) was an American naval officer notable for his heroism in the Barbary Wars and in the War of 1812. He was the youngest man to reach the rank of captain in the history of the United States Navy, and the first American celebrated as a national military hero who had not played a role in the American Revolution.

Decatur's Medal, Back

Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr (5 January 1779 – 22 March 1820) was an American naval officer notable…

The Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus, breeds over most of Europe and Siberia, and allied forms occur in other parts of Asia. It has been introduced to Australia, and the United States (where it is known as the Eurasian Tree Sparrow or German Sparrow to differentiate it from the native, unrelated American Tree Sparrow), where German immigrants introduced it to the area around St. Louis in the 1870s. From there, it has slowly expanded its range into Illinois and Missouri. Changes in farming methods have meant that this species is declining in some parts of western Europe.

Tree Sparrow

The Tree Sparrow, Passer montanus, breeds over most of Europe and Siberia, and allied forms occur in…

The Vesper Sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus, is a medium-sized sparrow. It is the only member of the genus Pooecetes (Baird 1858). Adults have light brown upperparts and light underparts, both with darker streaking. They have a white eye ring and a long dark brown tail which shows white outer feathers in flight. Their breeding habitat is open grassy areas across most of North America. The nest is an open cup on the ground under a clump of grass. These birds migrate to the southern and central United States and Mexico.

Vesper Sparrow

The Vesper Sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus, is a medium-sized sparrow. It is the only member of the genus…

The true crows are large passerine birds that comprise the genus Corvus in the family Corvidae. Ranging in size from the relatively small pigeon-sized jackdaws (Eurasian and Daurian) to the Common Raven of the Holarctic region and Thick-billed Raven of the highlands of Ethiopia, the 40 or so members of this genus occur on all temperate continents (except South America) and several offshore and oceanic islands (including Hawaii). In the United States, the word "crow" is used to refer to the American Crow.

Crow

The true crows are large passerine birds that comprise the genus Corvus in the family Corvidae. Ranging…

The Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in most of North and much of Central America. It breeds from Alaska and Newfoundland south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico and Guatemala, with isolated populations in western El Salvador, northwestern Honduras and northwestern Costa Rica. It may winter as far north as Pennsylvania and British Columbia, but northern populations are generally migratory, moving south to Mexico and the southern United States. The Red-winged Blackbird is sexually dimorphic; the male has all black with a red shoulder and yellow wing bar, while the female is a nondescript dark brown. Seeds and insects make up the bulk of the Red-winged Blackbird's diet.

Red-winged Blackbird

The Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in…

The Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in most of North and much of Central America. It breeds from Alaska and Newfoundland south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, Mexico and Guatemala, with isolated populations in western El Salvador, northwestern Honduras and northwestern Costa Rica. It may winter as far north as Pennsylvania and British Columbia, but northern populations are generally migratory, moving south to Mexico and the southern United States. The Red-winged Blackbird is sexually dimorphic; the male has all black with a red shoulder and yellow wing bar, while the female is a nondescript dark brown. Seeds and insects make up the bulk of the Red-winged Blackbird's diet.

Red-winged Blackbird (Female)

The Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a passerine bird of the family Icteridae found in…

Clement Laird Vallandigham (July 29, 1820 &ndash; June 17, 1871) was an Ohio unionist of the Copperhead faction of anti-war, pro-Confederate Democrats during the American Civil War.

Clement Laird Vallandigham

Clement Laird Vallandigham (July 29, 1820 – June 17, 1871) was an Ohio unionist of the Copperhead…

The Fall Army Worm (Spodoptera frugipeda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and are the caterpillar life stage of a moth. They are native to tropical regions of the western hemisphere, from the United States to Argentina. They are regarded as pests and are known to wreak havoc with crops if left to multiply. Their name is derived from their feeding habits. The army worms are some of the most destructive pests to agricultural crop in the world. Once the food supply is exhausted the entire "army" of worms will move to the next available food source.

Army Worm

The Fall Army Worm (Spodoptera frugipeda) is part of the order of Lepidoptera and are the caterpillar…

The Swamp Sparrow, Melospiza georgiana, is a medium-sized sparrow. Adults have streaked rusty and black upperparts with a grey breast, light belly and a white throat. They have a rust-coloured cap and wings. Their face is grey with a dark line through the eye. They have a short bill and fairly long legs. Their breeding habitat is marshes, including salt marshes, across eastern North America and central Canada. The bulky nest is attached to marsh vegetation, often with leaves arching over the top. On the central Atlantic coast, in the southern parts of their summer range, they are permanent residents. Other birds migrate to the southern United States.

Swamp Sparrow

The Swamp Sparrow, Melospiza georgiana, is a medium-sized sparrow. Adults have streaked rusty and black…