ClipArt ETC
"A wheel having teeth projecting radially from the circumference." — Williams, 1889

Spur-wheel

"A wheel having teeth projecting radially from the circumference." — Williams, 1889

"A small enclosure, to prevent the escape of steam, etc., at a joint in machinery. — Williams, 1889

Stuffing-box

"A small enclosure, to prevent the escape of steam, etc., at a joint in machinery. — Williams,…

"A very good trowel may also be made from a discarded blade of a mowing-machine, and it answers the purpose of a hand-weeder in many places." — Baily, 1898

Improvised trowel

"A very good trowel may also be made from a discarded blade of a mowing-machine, and it answers the…

"The essential parts of an ordinary Wimshurst machine, are two ordinary drums. On each plate are fixed a large number of strips of conducting material which are equal in size and are equally spaced, radially if on a plate, and circumferentially if on a drum." — Hawkins, 1917

Wimshurst Electric Machine

"The essential parts of an ordinary Wimshurst machine, are two ordinary drums. On each plate are fixed…

"The shunt wound dynamo differes from the series wound machine, in that an independent circuit is used for exciting its field magnet." — Hawkins, 1917

Shunt dynamo

"The shunt wound dynamo differes from the series wound machine, in that an independent circuit is used…

"Compound wound dynamo, used when better automatic regulation of voltage on constant pressure circuits is desired than is possible with the shunt machine." — Hawkins, 1917

Compound wound dynamo

"Compound wound dynamo, used when better automatic regulation of voltage on constant pressure circuits…

"The metal cut away near the center reduces the weight and provides passages for air circulation." — Hawkins, 1917

Solid core disk

"The metal cut away near the center reduces the weight and provides passages for air circulation." —…

"The art of printing from movable types is of comparatively modern origin, only four hundred years having elapsed since the first book printed in this manner was issued from the press." —The Popular Cyclopedia, 1888

Compositor

"The art of printing from movable types is of comparatively modern origin, only four hundred years having…

"In all engraving upon metal plates the traces or marks which are to appear on the paper are cut or sunk into the plate." —The Popular Cyclopedia, 1888

Copper-Plate Printing

"In all engraving upon metal plates the traces or marks which are to appear on the paper are cut or…

"Formerly, all nails were hand made, by forging on an anvil; and vast quantities are still made in this manner, being preferable, for many kinds of carpenter's work, to those made by machinery." —The Popular Cyclopedia, 1888

Nail forge

"Formerly, all nails were hand made, by forging on an anvil; and vast quantities are still made in this…

A machine seed in separating the seeds from the cotton fiber.

Cotton Gin

A machine seed in separating the seeds from the cotton fiber.

An ice-making machine.

Ice-Maker

An ice-making machine.

Gramme's small electric light machine, with jamin magnets.

Gramme's Light Machine

Gramme's small electric light machine, with jamin magnets.

A cutting machine used to make coins.

Cutting Machine

A cutting machine used to make coins.

For mixing paints, pastes, calcimine, fillers, enamels and lead and oil paint. Made in two sizes- 5 gallon and 12 gallon capacity. They mix faster than by using a paddle and make a more thorough job of it.

Paint Mixing Machine

For mixing paints, pastes, calcimine, fillers, enamels and lead and oil paint. Made in two sizes- 5…

One of the most highly regarded opera singers of the 19th century. Giuseppe Verdi was not alone in calling her the greatest singer he ever heard.

Adelina Patti

One of the most highly regarded opera singers of the 19th century. Giuseppe Verdi was not alone in calling…

A machine for sewing or stitching fabrics, leather, paper, and other materials.

Sewing Machine

A machine for sewing or stitching fabrics, leather, paper, and other materials.

A machine for utilizing the elastic force of steam as a motive power, and now constructed in a variety of forms. The power of heat to do work when combined with other elements in the form of steam was known to some extent to the modern.

Steam Engine

A machine for utilizing the elastic force of steam as a motive power, and now constructed in a variety…

A genus of birds of the warbler family, and so named from their habit of sewing leaves of cotton or other substances to form a receptacle for the nest.

Tailorbird

A genus of birds of the warbler family, and so named from their habit of sewing leaves of cotton or…

A machine for producing printed characters as a substitute for writing, and now employed very extensively in all countries of the world.

Typewriter

A machine for producing printed characters as a substitute for writing, and now employed very extensively…

A machine turned by the wind and designed to furnish motive power, as for pumping or for operating mills. Machines of this kind came into use in Europe about the 11th century, but the form was very different from those now used in the United States.

Windmill

A machine turned by the wind and designed to furnish motive power, as for pumping or for operating mills.…

This image shows a group of ancient egyptian street musicians. (1) Woman with a tall light harp with fourteen strings. (2) Cithara. (3) Te-bouni, or banjo. (4) Double flute. (5) Shoulder Harp. (6) Singer, clapping hands.

Ancient Egyptian Music

This image shows a group of ancient egyptian street musicians. (1) Woman with a tall light harp with…

This illustration shows a machine used to put oil on roads during its construction, in the nineteenth century

Road Oiler

This illustration shows a machine used to put oil on roads during its construction, in the nineteenth…

This illustration shows a machine used to put oil on roads during its construction, in the nineteenth century

Road Oiler

This illustration shows a machine used to put oil on roads during its construction, in the nineteenth…

This illustration shows a machine used to put oil on roads during its construction, in the nineteenth century

Road Oiler

This illustration shows a machine used to put oil on roads during its construction, in the nineteenth…

This illustration shows the machine used to compress cotton.

Cotton Compresser

This illustration shows the machine used to compress cotton.

A pair of scissors along with a needle, thread, and thimble.

Sewing Supplies

A pair of scissors along with a needle, thread, and thimble.

A machine used to separate cotton from dirt, twigs, etc.

Picker

A machine used to separate cotton from dirt, twigs, etc.

A machine used to separate cotton from dirt, twigs, etc.

Pickax

A machine used to separate cotton from dirt, twigs, etc.

A machine used to drive piles.

Pile Driver

A machine used to drive piles.

Dredging, the excavating or scooping out of soil, mud, sand or rock under water by a machine called a dredge. Dredging is used in deepening and widening the beds of rivers, canals, harbors. The forms of modern dredges are very numerous, different conditions requiring different forms.

Dredge

Dredging, the excavating or scooping out of soil, mud, sand or rock under water by a machine called…

A man collecting his harvest using an ancient reaping-machine.

Ancient Reaping-machine

A man collecting his harvest using an ancient reaping-machine.

"Hussey's Reaping-machine (cutting part)." — Chambers, 1881

Reaping-machine

"Hussey's Reaping-machine (cutting part)." — Chambers, 1881

A machine used to press metal in to different shapes.

Stamping Machine

A machine used to press metal in to different shapes.

A machine invented by Andrew Meikle to seperate grain from stalks and husks.

Portable Threshing-Machine

A machine invented by Andrew Meikle to seperate grain from stalks and husks.

"A form of dough-making machine in common use. It consists of a trough or box, the lower portion of which is semi-cylindrical, hung on a spindle, with a series of iron crossbars revolving inside. It is made to be worked by either hand or steam-power, and of various sizes, as required by bakers. In this machine the whole of the operations connected with setting the sponge, breaking the sponge, and mixing the dough, are performed. The gearing is arranged to give a fast motion for setting the sponge, and a slow motion towards the close of the dough making, when it is desireable to draw out the mass in order to give it a "skin," or smooth superficial texture." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Kneading Machine

"A form of dough-making machine in common use. It consists of a trough or box, the lower portion of…

"A kneading-machine of a highly approved form, used in the great Scipion bakery of Paris, the invention of M. Boland. Externally it is like the former, and it is also geared to move at two rates of rapidity. It has further an adjustment by which the force of the motion is increased while its rate is diminished." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Kneading Machine

"A kneading-machine of a highly approved form, used in the great Scipion bakery of Paris, the invention…

"The trough is a castiron basin, which turns on a vertical axis. The interior is provided with a kneader, shaped like a lyre, which first works up the dough and then divides it during the entire period of operation. Two other implements are also used, of a helical form, to draw out and inflate the dough in all directions, part by part, as is practised in kneading by hand." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Kneading Machine

"The trough is a castiron basin, which turns on a vertical axis. The interior is provided with a kneader,…

"This machine consists of two vertical shafts, carrying radial arms. These arms pass each other in opposite directions, so that, in addition to a tearing action on the dough, which the knives have on passing each other, they have a screw action, pressing the dough down on one side and up on the other. The vessels containing the dough are made of wood, of an oval form, to correspong with the action of the machine." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Vertical Mixer

"This machine consists of two vertical shafts, carrying radial arms. These arms pass each other in opposite…

"An American machine, introduced into England by Mr. Ellis. It consists of an iron cylindrical casing A, open about a fourth part of its circumference (a to b) for admission of air, and an exit pipe B. Inside the casing is another cylinder, placed eccentrically to it, and which always fits close up against the wooden packing C. This cylinder acts as a driver for the three fan blades or pistons D, which are capable of passing out and in through longitudinal slits in its circumference. There is a shaft passing through the small cylinder, and concentric with it at the ends, but cranked in the middle part so as to become concentric with the casing. The inner cylinder revolves round the axis of the ends of the shaft, and on the cranked part revolve the fan blades or pistons, driven by the cylinder." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Blowing-Machine

"An American machine, introduced into England by Mr. Ellis. It consists of an iron cylindrical casing…

A machine used for planing large blocks of wood.

Planing Machine

A machine used for planing large blocks of wood.

"This machine consists essentially of a horizontal piston and cylinder engine fixed upon a platform carried upon four wheels, which are coupled together by side rods, so that on motion being communicated by means of a mitre wheel in the hind axle, it can be moved forward by hand. On the forward end of the frame are two bosses forming the centres for a pair of bell cranks or bent levers places close to the ground, and facing in opposite directions, either one of which can be connected with the piston rod. The outer arm of each lever carries a square socket, into which is fixed the pick, which has two cutting heads, one placed a little in front of the other so as to cut to the whole depth at one operation." — Encyclopedia Britanica, 1893

Coal-cutting Machine

"This machine consists essentially of a horizontal piston and cylinder engine fixed upon a platform…

A type of printing press.

Web Machine

A type of printing press.

A type of printing press.

Stop Cylinder Machine

A type of printing press.

A machine used in the 19th century to open cotton.

Cotton Opener

A machine used in the 19th century to open cotton.

"Three-cylinder Opener, Beater, and Lap Machiine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Cotton Machine

"Three-cylinder Opener, Beater, and Lap Machiine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Single Scutcher and Lap Machine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Lap Machine

"Single Scutcher and Lap Machine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Self-stripping Flat Carding Machine" — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Flat Carding Machine

"Self-stripping Flat Carding Machine" — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Roller and Clearer Carding Machine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Carding Machine

"Roller and Clearer Carding Machine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Combing Machine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Combing Machine

"Combing Machine." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"Drawing Frame." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Drawing Frame

"Drawing Frame." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

"The operation which succeeds that of the drawing frame is slubbing, where the sliver has a certain amount of twist imparted to it, and is wound on a bobbin. In this process the end or sliver from the last head of the drawing frame is drawn out by means of three pairs of rollers, and this is twisted as it emerges from the front line of rollers by the action of vertical spindles and flyers, which at the same time wind the ends upon bobbins in successive layers." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Slubbing Frame

"The operation which succeeds that of the drawing frame is slubbing, where the sliver has a certain…

"Probably no inventive contribution has been offered to the cotton trade more important than the mule. Samuel Crompton of Bolton completes in 1775 his invention of the mule jenny, contriving which he had been engages for several years. But this machine, possessing great merit and advantages, did not come into general use, nor was its value known, until after the expiration of Arkwright's patent, the spinner till then being confined to the rove prepared from common jenny spinning, which was unsuitable to the mule jenny." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

The Mule

"Probably no inventive contribution has been offered to the cotton trade more important than the mule.…

"In 1818 William Eator obtained a patent for a self-acting mule, in which the operations ordinarily performed by the spinner were effected by automatic means, and this machine, though not extensively adopted, contained several ingenious arrangements." — Encyclopedia Britannica, 1893

Mule

"In 1818 William Eator obtained a patent for a self-acting mule, in which the operations ordinarily…

A machine used for converting paper rags, esparto, and other materials into pulp with water.

Pulp Engine

A machine used for converting paper rags, esparto, and other materials into pulp with water.

A hydraulic machine used for raising liquids from a lower level to a higher level through a pipe or passage by a single piston that only pumps in one direction.

Single Acting Pump

A hydraulic machine used for raising liquids from a lower level to a higher level through a pipe or…

"A form of air-engine which was invented in 1816 by the Rev. R. Stirling is of special interest as embodying the earliest application of what is known as the "regenerative" principle, the principle namely that heat may be deposited by a substance at one stage of its action and taken up again at another stage but with little loss, and with a great resulting change in the substance's temperature at each of the two stages in the operation." —Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Stirling's Air Engine

"A form of air-engine which was invented in 1816 by the Rev. R. Stirling is of special interest as embodying…

Robinson's form of Stirling's Engine.

Robinson's Form of Stirling's Engine

Robinson's form of Stirling's Engine.

"Hot-wire instruments working on the sag principle can be used in any position if properly contructed, and are very portable." —Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Hot-wire Ammeter

"Hot-wire instruments working on the sag principle can be used in any position if properly contructed,…

"A muffle furnace, employed for annealing, hardening, and tempering." —Encyclopedia Britannica, 1910

Automatic Oil Muffle Furnace

"A muffle furnace, employed for annealing, hardening, and tempering." —Encyclopedia Britannica,…